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	Author	Manning,R.; Lawson,S.; Newman,P.; Hallo,J.; Monz,C.
	Title	Sustainable transportation in national parks: A Review and synthesis			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	289-290
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3079
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	Author	Uzun, A.; Yesil, A.; Ozsul, Z.,
	Title	The Planning of User Flows in Istanbul Groves for Sustainability in Natural Structure			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	290-295
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	The greenness of Istanbul Bosphorus, except its natural vegetation, is gathered in its parks, gardens and groves. The greenness of the Bosphorus identifies itself with the groves that also have great monumental value. Today, in Istanbul, there is a great number of groves that belongs to either governmental or private institutions. Recently, these groves have experienced increasing pressure from the great number of visitors and their potential use. The latest inventories indicate that existing use patterns of the natural resources of groves affect the trees and plant diversity negatively. Overuse of specific sites causes damage to vegetation especially for exotic plant species that are rarely found in Istanbul. This paper is aimed to describe progress on a system that enables optimal dispersion of use patterns and sustainable use of the groves for future protection. The “User Inventory for Istanbul Groves” was developed to include periodic user observation and user survey in order to maintain groves effectively. For this reason, the computer technology is used as an evaluation tool for examining the user survey results and physical data of the groves that concentrate especially on Yildiz Grove. For the purpose of the study, Yildiz Grove is divided into different zones based on the physical conditions and potential use patterns of the grove and a system is developed that depends on sensitivity for usage.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 500			Serial	2313
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	Author	Monteiro, L., Vitek, O.
	Title	Developing standard procedures for visitor counters calibration in Czech Protected Landscape Areas			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	290-292
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Monitoring visitor use is critical to protect the protected area resources for future generations and provide high-quality experiences for visitors (Loomis, 2000, Manning, 2008). In the Czech Republic, protected landscape areas (PLAs) are one of core components of the conservation strategy and, as such, visitor data are needed to inform and support sustainable management of these areas. With this effect, automated counting devices have been used since 2009 as means for estimating visitor use and today there are more than 100 automated visitor counters located in 17 protected landscape areas (out of 26 PLAs in total) and other protected areas managed by the Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic (NCA).
	Call Number				Serial	3950
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	Author	Juliao, R.P: Humanas, S.E.; Valente, M.; Nogueira Mendes, R.
	Title	Issues on trail runners, trail running and recreational and protected areas in Portugal			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	290-293
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	Present paper delivers a tentative picture of TR in Portugal, providing the first systematic research of this recreational activity. A geographical analysis is done to the race events of 2017 and analyzed according to the trail runners profile in order to understand the main motivations and characteristics of this activity. Comprising the practitioners expectations is an important step to support land managers and decision makers to accommodate those within the main objectives of classified and protected areas – nature conservation, local and sustainable development, etc.
	Call Number				Serial	4138
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	Author	Piotrowski, K.; Rogowski, M.; Mickiewicz, A.,
	Title	Assessment and accuracy improvement of monitoring of tourism traffic in a mid-mountain national park (MSTT: Monitoring System of tourist traffic) in Stołowe Mountains National Park, SW Poland			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	290-291
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	The sustainable management of vulnerable natural areas requires accurate measurement of visitor flows, especially in protected natural areas (Andersen et al. 2013). According to Andersen et al. (2013), the most often used counting system is a pyroelectric sensor that features a lens sensitive to heat radiation emitted by the human body (Eco-Counter model: PYRO sensor). An important challenge with automatic counting systems is their accuracy, since all types of counters are subject to counting errors (Pettebone et al. 2010).This study focuses on visitor counting accuracy in national parks situated in mountain areas that are also one of the most popular tourist areas. It illustrates the attention to detail required to carry out accurate visitor counting. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of pyroelectric sensor measurement errors in relation to different visitor flow levels and different time intervals between visitors. This verification was based on field experiments and on-site observations of the pyroelectric sensors working as part of the Monitoring System of tourist traffic (MSTT) in Stolowe Mountain National Park (SMNP) in Sudety Mountains, southwestern Poland. SMNP is visited by about 900,000 tourists per year. (Rogowski 2020). In mountain areas, it is difficult to collect data over a longer period of time. In addition, field and weather conditions may yield a higher error rate. This evaluation of accuracy was performed to yield calibration formulas.
	Call Number				Serial	4329
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	Author	Kernen, R.; Furrer, M.; Rupf, R.; Wernli, M.,
	Title	Visitor monitoring in the Protected Area Aletsch Forest			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	291-293
	Keywords	MMV5, visitor monitoring, visitor counting, Aletsch Forest, social carrying capacity
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 206			Serial	2806
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	Author	Liebl,U.; Brandenburg,C.; Gantner,B.; Czachs,C.
	Title	Take nothing but pictures, leave nothing but footprints			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	291-292
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3073
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	Author	Bissix, G.,
	Title	The environmental, social, health and economic impacts of recreational use of all terrain vehicles (ATVs) in North America: Lessons for Europe			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	292-293
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 503			Serial	2947
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	Author	Olafsson, A.S.; Purves, R.S.; Garcia-Martin, M.; Wartmen, F.; Fagerholm, N.; Torralba, M.; Albert, C.; Verbrugge, L.; Heikinheimo, V.; Kaaronen, R.; Hartmann, M.; Plieninger, T.; Raymond, C.,
	Title	Comparing landscape value patterns between participatory mapping and social media content across Europe.			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	292-293
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Visitor monitoring and mapping techniques are rapidly evolving fuele…Visitor monitoring and mapping techniques are rapidly evolving fueled by open georeferenced data and social media opportunities. Knowledge on how visitors use and value landscapes is increasingly elucidated by social media data or user-generated data passively contributed by online communities. Examples of this is the use of data from social media such as Flickr, where users share and store geocoded images in an online platform. Here images, locations and associated tags is opportunistic crowdsourced by researchers and planners to conceptually and spatially elicit landscape values such as cultural ecosystem services and relational values.At the same time, integrated landscape planning and management has increasingly focus on planning ideals of deliberative processes, co-creation and inclusion of diverse values. Examples of this is participatory mapping techniques aimed to support the inclusion of diverse values held by residents and visitors into integrated landscape management. By the use of online public participation GIS (PPGIS), participants are actively recruited to purposely map socio-cultural values about specific landscapes.The values data collated using active participatory mapping techniques and passive user generated data is rarely compared.In this study, we bring PPGIS and Flickr together in an exploration and discussion of the similarities and differences. In contrast to previous comparative studies focused on single study site, we expand the analyses from a single site to cross-site analyses of 19 landscapes across Europe (in 11 countries). We argue that in order for planners to harness the qualities of both – we need to place a spotlight on strengths and shortcomings of each method and core opportunities for complementary use. We do this by a direct comparison of the spatial distribution, intensity and type of landscape values elicited using PPGIS and Flickr data.Moreover, we relate similarities or differences to specific landscape characteristics and types of landscape values.
	Call Number				Serial	4330
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	Author	Freuler Benjamin; Hunziker, M.; Gutscher, H.,
	Title	Snowshoeing in Protected Areas: Bridging the Gap between Attitude and Behaviour			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	293-294
	Keywords	MMV3, Recreational conflicts, social influence, attitude-behaviour consistency, snowshoeing, protected areas, quasi-experimental design
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 724			Serial	2485
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	Author	Zhang, C.Z.; Xu, H.G.; Su, B.T.,
	Title	Meeting needs equals enhancing satisfaction? Case study of cableway and lift riding in World Heritage Site Wulingyuan, China			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	293-297
	Keywords	MMV4, Meeting needs, tourist satisfaction, motivation-hygiene theory
	Abstract	Meeting the needs of tourists to satisfy tourists is the policy basis for many mangers of world heritage sites in China. The paper, based on the case study of lift riding in world heritage site Wulingyuan China, challenge the policy. With tourist survey and online interview methods, the authors argue that lift do meet part of tourists’ needs, but it do not enhance the satisfaction level as the managers supposed, the assertion “meet the needs of tourists, thus enhancing their satisfaction” is not built on solid ground, and catering to the needs of tourists is at least not a valid reason for tourism developments in heritage sites. The results of this study coincide with the Motivation-Hygiene Theory. Some factors may not give positive satisfaction, but dissatisfaction results from their absence, such as good service quality and management skills. The improvement of services and management skills may eliminate dissatisfaction, but cannot enhance tourist satisfaction. They are called hygiene factors. Those factors that can provide positive satisfaction are called motivators. Cableway and lift act as motivators that can induce more satisfaction if properly operated.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1020			Serial	2631
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	Author	Gantner,B.; Brandenburg,C.
	Title	The importance of “nature” in geocaching			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	293-295
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3042
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	Author	More, T.A.; Manning, R.E.,
	Title	The Public Functions of Parks and Protected Areas			Type
	Year	2004	Publication	Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 2 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	294-298
	Keywords	MMV2
	Abstract	Establishing and managing protected areas throughout the world usually have been considered a governmental function. However, recent conservative political thinking in many developed countries has challenged the role of the public sector on all fronts. In Australia, Britain, Canada, and the United States, government has been seen as a problem, while private enterprise is presented as the solution. Advocates of privatization argue that park services can be provided more efficiently under private management, and that the areas themselves will be better protected for future generations. Unfortunately, such a policy can foster elitism by preserving the benefits of parks and protected areas for the wealthy while ignoring the growing social inequality in many of these countries. In this paper, I examine the concepts that underlie privatization efforts, particularly economic efficiency. I suggest that there is a need to examine the different functions that parks and protected areas serve, and to ask if each function helps to differentiate between public and private. I argue that, in the final analysis, equality of access is the primary function of public-sector management of parks and that we need to examine our policies and practices to ensure that park benefits are distributed fairly throughout society.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 306			Serial	2361
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	Author	Pröglhöf, R.; Muhar, A.,
	Title	The visitors’ perspective of visitor monitoring: results from two recreational areas in Eastern Austria			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	294-295
	Keywords	MMV5, visitor monitoring, acceptance, visitor survey
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 204			Serial	2807
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	Author	Somarriba-Chang, M., Wallentinus, H.,
	Title	Recreational carrying capacity in hiking trails. Three case studies in protected areas in Nicaragua			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	294-295
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 504			Serial	2948
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	Author	Arnason, T.
	Title	Wild thoughts – exploring the meaning(s) of wilderness among Icelandic outdoor recreationists			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	294-296
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Wilderness protection in Iceland dates back to the Nature Conservation Act of 1999 (Johannsdottir, 2016). However, to date no areas in Iceland have been formally protected as wilderness per se, partly because the identification of such areas has so far been very rudimentary. Wilderness areas in Iceland have thus up until now mainly enjoyed protection if present within the boundaries of national parks or other protected areas, in particular withinVatnajokull National Park which covers an area of 13,500 km2,, mostly in the Central Highland. According to the working criteria adopted by government agencies, the largest potential wilderness areas in Iceland are located in the Central Highland, an uninhabited region in the middle of the island which covers roughly 40.000 km2 or 40% of its total land area.
	Call Number				Serial	3951
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	Author	Pettengil, P.; Sharp, R.; Reigner, N.; Manning, R.
	Title	Assessing and managing trail use and endurance activities in Grand Canyon National Park, USA			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	294
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	Recent research at Grand Canyon National Park demonstrates that participation in endurance activities, including trail running, tends to be concentrated over a few weekends of the year (Pettengill 2017). When visitor use is concentrated like this, it can create or exacerbate impacts with potentially dramatic and lasting consequences. Impacts can be environmental (e.g., erosion, vegetation damage, contamination from human waste), social (e.g., crowding, conflict, degraded experiences), and administrative (e.g., exhausted employees, overtaxed facilities).
	Call Number				Serial	4139
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	Author	Heikinheimo, V.; Toivonen, T.,
	Title	Critical comparison of social media and other user-generated geographic information as a source of visitor information – lessons learned in the SoMeCon-project			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	294-295
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Up-to-date information about outdoor recreation experiences is important for the planning and management of national parks and other outdoor destinations. User-generated data such as geotagged social media posts and GPS-tracks shared via sports applications have emerged as potential new data sources to complement on-site counters and surveys. There are considerable amounts of geographic information available from digital platforms and mobile devices representing the movements, activities and preferences of visitors, and these data have been increasingly used for studying visits to national parks and green spaces..This presentation draws together our findings from the Social Media Data for Conservation Science -project SoMeCon (2016-2021). Our main objectives were to 1) gain methodological understanding about social media and other user-generated data sets as a source of geographic information, and 2) to provide new information about the spatial and temporal patterns of human activities in national parks and green spaces. We compared social media data to official visitor statistics from Finnish and South African national parks, and social media to other sources of user-generated geographic information (sports app data, mobile network data, PPGIS data) from urban green spaces in Helsinki, Finland.
	Call Number				Serial	4331
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	Author	Hunziker, M.; Zeidenitz, C.,
	Title	Outdoor Leisure Activities: Motivation, Attitudes and Strategies Promoting Responsible Behaviour towards Nature and Landscape			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	295-297
	Keywords	MMV3, Leisure, outdoor activities, motivations, attitudes, behaviour, social science, qualitative and quantitative methods, intervention experiments
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 726			Serial	2486
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	Author	Bessy, O.; Buron, G.
	Title	The development of trail station: an innovation to serve tourist development of territories ? Two examples of Saint Pierre de Chartreuse (Alps) and Ossay-Pyrénées (Pyrénées) stations			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	295
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	The challenge of this communication is to shed light on the conditions under which the development of ‘Trail Stations’ can become a territory resource participating in the improvement of tourist appeal of mountain territories. We shall illustrate our point by taking the example of Trail Stations such as St-Pierre en Chartreuse and Ossau-Pyrénées.
	Call Number				Serial	4140
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	Author	Von Janowsky, D.; Becker, G.,
	Title	Recreation in Urban Forests: Monitoring Specific User Groups and Identifying their Needs with Video and GIS-support			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	296-301
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	In the urban forest of Stuttgart the forest roads are used by a growing number of people looking for recreation for their leisure activities. To manage and channel the different user groups within an optimized forest road network needs a lot of information: Number and composition of visitors, demands of different user groups concerning standard of roads and trails they use for their activities, conflicts that may rise between different users using the same road at the same time, dedication of roads to special activities (e.g. fitness trail, hiking trail...). Personal interviews with “experts” were made to obtain information about the specific demands of the different user groups, a new method of video monitoring was used to collect longtime information about number and composition of visitors, and analysis of road network was done with the help of GIS. The results show that these tools complement one another quite well and the combination of obtained data may help to channel visitor flows and to minimize conflicts between different user groups
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 502			Serial	2314
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	Author	Husek, J.; Vitek, O.,
	Title	Methodological basis for decision making of administration bodies in the field of tourism			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	296-297
	Keywords	MMV5, protected areas, management, administration
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 196			Serial	2808
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	Author	Burns, R.,
	Title	A comparison of 5 western US Wild and Scenic River users: Trip characteristics, opinions and satisfaction levels			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	296-297
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 505			Serial	2949
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	Author	Burgin,S.; Hardiman,N.
	Title	Unintended de-marketing manages visitor demand in Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	296-297
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3022
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	Author	Mayer, M.; Staab, J.; Udas, E.; Taubenbock, H.,
	Title	Triggered trail camera images and machine learning based computer vision as alternative to established visitor monitoring approaches?			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	296-297
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Visitor monitoring is crucial for many management and valuation tasks in protected areas and other recreational landscapes. Its core data are visitor numbers which are costly to estimate in absence of entry fees. Camera-based approaches have the potential to be both, accurate and deliver comprehensive data about visitor numbers, types and activities. So far, camera-based visitor monitoring is, however, costly due to time consuming manual image evaluation (Miller et al. 2017). To overcome this limitation, we deployed a convolutional neural network (CNN) and compared its hourly counts against existing visitor counting methods such as manual in-situ counting, a pressure sensor, and manual camera image evaluations.
	Call Number				Serial	4332
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	Author	Probstl-Haider, U., Haider, W., Mostegl, N.
	Title	Skiing unlimited? Acceptance of resort extension by skiers in Tyrol/Austria			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	297-299
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Many ski-resorts in the European Alps hope to increase their visibility and attractiveness when expanding their respective resorts by developing new slopes and/or by merging with others. Examples like the Zermatt-Matterhorn-Ski-Paradise in Switzerland, the “Helm-Rotwand” in Sexten Italy, or the Ski-world “Wilder Kaiser” and the “Skicircus Saalbach -Hinterglemm – Leogang – Fieberbrunn” in Austria illustrate this trend. The main motives for the expansion and cooperation are expected marketing opportunities, synergetic management, and a higher overall financial stability (Zegg 2015). Also, climate change adaptation seems to be an argument in favor of increasing resort sizes (Steiger and Abegg 2013). The expansion or merging of ski resorts leads to impacts into the sensitive alpine environment and a permanent disturbance by the new infrastructure. The presented study aims to analyze the perception of the winter tourists and daily skiers concerning these changes and discusses recommendations for future resort development.
	Call Number				Serial	3952
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	Author	Dehez, J.; Ginelli. L.; Le Floch, S.
	Title	Involving recreational users in environmental management: invasive aquatic plants in lakes on Frances Atlantic coast			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	297-299
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	This presentation is based on an ongoing multidisciplinary research project (AquaVIT), combining scientists from the fields of economics, geography, sociology and ecology. It focuses on the ecological and socio-economic impacts of four macrophytes, i.e. Egeria densa, Lagarasiphon major, Ludwigia, Myriophyllum aquaticum, within freshwater Atlantic lakes in France. The social scientists within the project share two objectives among others: i) describing individuals’ activities and perceptions (in particular those related to the weeds) ii) understanding how recreational users are (or are not) associated into the current management processes.
	Call Number				Serial	4141
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	Author	Mann, C.; Absher, J.D.,
	Title	An Improved Methodological Approach to Recreation Conflict Analysis in the Black Forest			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	298-299
	Keywords	MMV3, Conflict analysis, Black Forest recreation planning, methodological integration, triangulation, nature sport, user-group conflict, social world
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 728			Serial	2487
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	Author	Ingram, C.; Hughes, M.,
	Title	Managing the managers managing people: Lessons for recreation and water management in protected areas			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	298-299
	Keywords	MMV5, recreation, water catchments, planning, protected areas, climate change
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 194			Serial	2809
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	Author	Wyttenbach, M., Haider, W., Pröbstl, U., Rupf, R.,
	Title	Too many people in the mountains in the winter time?			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	298-299
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 506			Serial	2950
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	Author	Gokita,R.
	Title	An analysis of attitudes about paying user fees for nature areas in Japan			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	298-299
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3044
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	Author	Mendes, R. M. N.; Farias-Torbidoni, E.; Morera, S.; Dorado, V.,
	Title	Using web share services to monitor high sensitive habitats. A GIS approach to Pedraforca, Spain.			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	298-299
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Over the last decades, recreational uses in Natural & Protected Areas (N&PA) have increased largely all over the world, requiring extra efforts among staff and management teams of these territories to deal with this reality. In many places, nature conservation has somehow even been replaced by tourism management due to social and economic factors altogether with the massification of visitors. Modern lifestyles have contributed to this situation where visitation peaks concentrate within short periods such as Holy Week, summer, or winter vacations depending on local culture and social habits. Quite often these visitation peaks largely exceed any ecological or social carrying capacity becoming a delicate subject to deal with, reducing in many cases the administration of N&PA to the management of visitors crowds and traffic.One of the situations that happen due to overuse is the proliferation of trails that can lead to ecological and soil impacts from erosion, roots/bare rock exposure to changes of species, or habitat fragmentation, among others. Even in N&PA with a well-structured trails network, the proliferation of variants of trails and paths can easily happen, becoming a serious problem for managers due to its ecological impacts but also due to risk and safety issues for visitors/users. Keeping tracking and monitoring trails proliferation is a demanding task, where technology such as high-resolution imagery or digital elevation models can provide a huge help. Nevertheless, although these data sources become more affordable and widely available they might not work for all places. In this paper, we discuss the use of smart data and technologies as a potential tool to provide new insights on how to deal with this issue by taking advantage of web-share platforms and a myriad of GPS tracks – what can be acknowledged as an advantage of modern uses of N&PA.
	Call Number				Serial	4333
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	Author	Pflüger, Y.,
	Title	Value based decision making process for strategic visitor management in the Natura 2000 area Lech River Valley, Tyrol			Type
	Year	2004	Publication	Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 2 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	299-304
	Keywords	MMV2
	Abstract	The Lech valley with the river Lech and its tributaries is an alpine river valley in Austria with a considerable amount of naturally free flowing stretches. The ecological and scientific significance of the Natura 2000 area lies in its high biodiversity and the occurrence of numerous internationally endangered species within the dynamic braided river stretches. Apart from that the area contains a high number of recreational and educational values as well. The area, which is situated within day travel distance of the cities Innsbruck and Munich, is renowned for its biking and hiking trails and its unique water sport opportunities. Nevertheless, most intense impact occurs from the daily use of the local population in the densely populated Lech valley area nearby. Due to its long and narrow shape the protected area is very vulnerable to impacts and therefore, to avoid negative impacts on natural values from recreational use, not only a management plan, but also a visitor strategy has been developed as part of an extensive European Union LIFE funded project. The decision making process for the establishment of the visitor management concept was based on a GIS supported risk analysis: First current ecological and recreational values have been located and assessed. Subsequently hotspots have been defined in areas, where those contrasting values overlay. These hotspots were defined in areas of high ecological vulnerability and high visitor impact from intense recreational use. This hotspot analysis served as a basis for discussion and co-operation with the local population and stakeholders to agree on management solutions. As a result specific management actions were defined and the allocation of visitor infrastructure was planned accordingly. As a response to the need for more detailed information about recreational uses and users a visitor monitoring concept was included in the visitor strategy as well. This paper describes practical planning policies to highlight the need for strategic planning of recreational use in protected area management based on the comprehensible evaluation of the hazard potential from uses and the vulnerability of ecological values.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 308			Serial	2362
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	Author	Wasem, K.; Mönnecke, M.,
	Title	Outdoor Activities in Nature and Landscape – Practice-Oriented Solutions			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	300-302
	Keywords	MMV3, Outdoor activities, nature sports, good practice examples, sensitisation, environmental communication, conflict resolution, success factors, toolbox
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 730			Serial	2488
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	Author	Jansen, P.,
	Title	The gap between science and forest management			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	300-301
	Keywords	MMV5, forest management, research, tools, effective communication
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 192			Serial	2810
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	Author	Schamel, J.,
	Title	Perception of crowding in a high-use German national park			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	300-301
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 507			Serial	2951
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	Author	Burgin,S.; Hardiman,N.
	Title	Comparison of survey methods to profile participants in emerging adventure recreation activities undertaken in wilderness			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	300-302
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3023
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	Author	Perrin-Malterre, C., Chanteloup, L., Gruas, L.
	Title	Perceptions and behavior of winter sports participants in Regional Natural Park of Bauges			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	300-302
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	The development of ski touring and snow shoeing has led to an increasing human presence in mountains in wintertime. Wintertime is a difficult time for wildlife, due to rough weather conditions that cause animalsdifficulty to move and higher energy expenditure at a time where food is scarce.Yet, territory managers have very few data concerning the perception of wildlife by visitors. In addition, their impact (extensive travelling, displacement of feeding and resting areas)on wildlife is difficult to quantify. A research program has been led on the Bauges mountain range in order to deal with these issues. As local managers became interested in the impact of winter recreational activities, the Regional Natural Park got involved in the campaign « Respect to Protect » to promote a more respectful visitor behaviour.Thus, a partnership was set up with EDYTEM lab in order to get a better understanding about these visitors, their types of practice and their perceptions. .
	Call Number				Serial	3953
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	Author	Spence, C.; Verreault, C.
	Title	Sharing the Stewardship of a Canadian Conservation Park			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	300
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	Gatineau Park’s managers have recently undertaken a long-term, multi-pronged approach to try to engage its users in the conservation of the park. Certain activities, such as rockclimbing and horseback riding, have been delegated to user groups to ensure trail maintenance and appropriate user behaviour. A similar approach will be put in place for mountain biking.
	Call Number				Serial	4142
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	Author	Conti, E.; Farsari, I.,
	Title	Nature-based tourism experiences between mobile connectivity and the freedom of disconnecting			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	300-301
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Mobile Internet connectivity is traditionally seen as an experience enhancer in tourism, and extant research in the context of natural and protected areas show a positive attitude towards such technology. On the visitor experiences side, it enhances safety, information retrieval, connectivity to peers and accessibility (Elmahdy, Haukeland and Fredman, 2017). On the destination managements side, it constitutes a resource for visitor planning, monitoring and engagement (Pickering, Chelsey, Barros and Rossi, 2020; Hausmann et al., 2017).Recent studies are discussing more critically whether ubiquitous connectivity always represents a resource for tourism or conversely a factor that jeopardizes the tourism experience by triggering pressures, discomfort as well as estrangement from local communities and places (Egger, Lei and Wassler, 2020). The issue is particularly important within nature-based tourism, due to its relation to experiential themes of genuineness, detoxification and escapism and its localization in areas where transformational and educational experiences are prioritized (Li, Pearce & Low, 2018).
	Call Number				Serial	4334
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