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	Author	De Vries, S.; Goossen, M.,
	Title	Predicting transgressions of the social capacity of natural areas			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	21-27
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	Within the urbanized Dutch society, the social function of forests and nature areas is becoming more and more important. The same holds for agricultural areas. However, planning and management tools for this social function are almost absent. This paper presents a tool to be used by policy makers at regional and higher levels. By means of a normative analysis the local supply of and demand for nature-based recreation are confronted with each other. Because of its normative nature, the analysis does not offer a good description or prediction of actual recreational behavior. However, it does offer insight into where, according to the policy norms, the local supply of nature-based recreation opportunities cannot accommodate local demands. The method has been applied nation-wide and outcomes are momentarily used to substantiate spatial claims to develop new recreation areas.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 416			Serial	2271
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	Author	English, D.B.K.; Kocis, S.M.; Arnold, J.R.; Zarnoch, S.J.; Warren, L.,
	Title	Visitor Use of USDA Forest Service Recreation Areas: Methods and Results from the National Visitor Use Monitoring Effort			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	246-251
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	One stratum of survey sites in the USDA Forest Service’s National Visitor Use Monitoring (NVUM) effort contains agency-managed elements of the National Wilderness Preservation System. Two related methods are used to estimate the amount of visitation that occurs in these areas. One utilizes annual information on the number of use permits at the sites where these are mandatory; the other employs a double-sampling approach to estimate visitation. In both cases, on-site visitor sampling is required to obtain the information necessary to estimate actual visitation. A few additional questions on the survey enable us to describe visitor demographics, evaluate customer satisfaction, and estimate economic values and impacts of these visits. The presentation discusses development of the sampling design as well as calibration issues for both use estimation methods. A comparison of the statistical accuracy and cost of each is made. Because the sample design is based on the spatial-temporal combination of Wilderness exit points and the days they are open, some analytic adjustment to the sample survey data is required (beyond simple sample means) to get results that describe the visiting population. The analytic framework is presented, along with some empirical results from the first year of sampling at six selected National Forests to give the flavor of the managerially-relevant information we have so far obtained. The presentation concludes with a discussion of how we plan to extend the analysis that can include issues such as developing models of visitor flows and relating visitation levels to perceptions of crowding.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 486			Serial	2306
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	Author	Jackson, S.; Haider, W.; Elliot, T.,
	Title	Resolving Inter-Group Conflict in Winter Recreation: Chilkoot Trail National Historic Site, British Columbia			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	109-114
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	The Chilkoot Trail National Historic Site, in British Columbia, Canada, is wellknown for its summer historic gold rush hiking route, and is popular in the winter with local residents for skiing, snowmobiling and other winter sports. Park managers implemented a strategy of temporal segregation to mitigate known conflicts between motorised and nonmotorised winter users. This study evaluated the effectiveness of separating users, by monitoring visitor satisfaction and support for the management strategy, and assessing the key differences between user groups within the theory of asymmetrical conflict. The results show that separating users does increase satisfaction for non-motorised users; however, support for controlled access is moderate to low among all users. This study alerts park managers using direct tools such as controlled access, in that dissatisfaction may shift from those who were most affected by the inter-group conflict (non-motorised users) to the motorised group, who are dissatisfied with increased access limitations and loss of freedom.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 446			Serial	2286
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	Author	Kubícková, S.; Grega, L.,
	Title	Willingness to Pay for Rural Landscape Preservation			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	335-339
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	In this paper we present welfare estimates from a contingent valuation (CV) study, which investigates the potential benefits derived by tourists from the implementation of a programme aimed at preserving the traditional agricultural landscape in the Protected Landscape Area Bílé Karpaty. This area belongs to the most species-rich of the Central Europe. Since 1996 Bílé Karpary has been a biosphere reserve. Our hypothesis is that the agricultural working landscape is a visual resource that is an important attraction to tourists. Here due to the current market conditions arises a danger, that farming activities will be gradually abandoned. The supply of traditional agricultural landscape, which is characteristic for this area, generates economic benefits for which farmers receive little if any remuneration. Any policy aimed at correcting this market failure and providing a socially optimal level of landscape supply needs to be informed about the social demand for this peculiar public good. In this study we estimate the value of rural landscape in the area of Bílé Karpaty for tourism. The magnitude of this form of social benefits turns out to be sizeable and would probably justify – at least in part – a conservation policy aimed at correcting current market tendencies which cause the abandonment of traditional farming practices.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 514			Serial	2320
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	Author	Lawson, S.; Manning, R.,
	Title	Integrating Multiple Wilderness Values into a Decision-Making Model for Denali National Park and Preserve			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	136-142
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	Decisions about how to manage wilderness recreation in Denali National Park and Preserve require managers to integrate a diverse set of public values, a process that typically involves balancing tradeoffs among multiple and often competing values. While decisions about how to manage wilderness are often contentious, previous research suggests that if managers are able to predict public support for various management alternatives the decisions become more tractable. This study develops a decision-making model that integrates social, resource, and managerial values associated with the Denali wilderness experience. Specifically, stated choice analysis is used to evaluate the choices overnight wilderness visitors make when faced with hypothetical tradeoffs among the conditions of social, resource, and management attributes of the Denali wilderness. Study findings offer an empirical approach for predicting and evaluating the likelihood of public support for Denali wilderness management alternatives.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 454			Serial	2290
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	Author	Lawson, S.; Manning, R.; Valliere, W.; Wang, B.; Budruk, M.,
	Title	Using Simulation Modeling to Facilitate Proactive Monitoring and Adaptive Management of Social Carrying Capacity in Arches National Park, Utah, USA			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	205-210
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	Recent research and management experience has led to several frameworks for defining and managing carrying capacity of national parks and protected areas. The process outlined in contemporary carrying capacity frameworks embodies the principles of adaptive management. That is, management decisions are guided and adapted within these frameworks by monitoring indicator variables to ensure that standards of quality are maintained. The objective of this study was to develop a computer simulation model to estimate the relationships between total park use and the condition of indicator variables. In this way, simulation modeling might facilitate proactive monitoring and adaptive management of social carrying capacity of parks and protected areas.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 474			Serial	2300
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	Author	Prokic, S.,
	Title	Visitor Flows in National Parks and other Protected Areas of Serbia: Case Studies of Proper and Improper Practices			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	402-406
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	The principles of management in the protected natural areas of Serbia are defined by the Environment Protection and National Parks Acts of the Republic of Serbia. Even though these laws were adopted by the Parliament as early as 1991 and 1993, respectively, their implementation is not performed in an equal manner in all the protected areas. According to these laws, the tourism in such areas is not primarily considered as an activity of economic/commercial character, but as one of the environmental principles. It is supposed to contribute to the protection and development of the national parks and nature reserves by promotion and presentation of the natural and cultural values. The role of such tourism in the environmental education of the general public is also of paramount importance. The Ministries of the Environment and Tourism of the Republic of Serbia have brought in 1998 the Action Plan for the Sustainable Development of Tourism in the Protected Natural Areas. On this basis, the Minstry of the Environment has also brought the Action Plan for Sustainable Management of Hunting Grounds and Game Fauna in the Protected Natural Areas. In addition to a brief survey of the above legislation, some case studies are presented of both positive and negative practice in performing the management of the protected natural areas in this respect. The case studies relate to the Nature Reserve „Begej – Carska Bara“ and the National Park „Kopaonik“ as the two extreme examples of the corresponding approaches.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 538			Serial	2332
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	Author	Rundle, S.,
	Title	Monitoring Low Volume Walker Use of a Remote Mountain Range: a Case Study of the Arthur Range, Tasmania, Australia			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	53-58
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	Registration data are the major source of information about bushwalker (hiker, tramper, rambler) volumes and basic characteristics in the Arthur Range within the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area. This paper describes the problems encountered with the existing registration system and the simple and practical solutions adopted to address them.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 426			Serial	2276
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	Author	Sterl, P.; Wagner, S.; Arnberger, A.,
	Title	Water Sports Activities and their Effects on the Avifauna of the Danube Floodplains National Park, Austria – First Results			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	460-466
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	Sustainable management of protected areas requires combining standardized ecological observations with quantitative data about the number of visitors and their behavior. Austria's Danube Floodplains National Park is a prime example for the importance of accommodating a high volume of recreational use with concerns about ecological integrity. Wetland ecology is of particular concern to park management. Within the scope of this study, boaters in the old branches of the Danube were observed en route and questioned when leaving the area. These observations provided quantitative data, such as the number of boaters, their spatio-temporal distribution and their behavior. At the same time, disturbances to water birds were inventoried using standardized ecological observation techniques. These observations were interlinked with visitor use data provided by a constant video recording of the recreational activity at the main entry point. Thus, data on the number and the temporal distribution of the boaters for the overall observation period was made available. The result of this study was, that through the simultaneous presence of different user groups, there is a permanent burden placed on the old branches by boaters, which scarcely permits rest for the avifauna.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 562			Serial	2344
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	Author	Van Der Donk, M.; Cottrell, S.,
	Title	Developing a Visitor Management Framework for WWF’s PAN Parks Project – Case Study of a National Park in France			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	320-327
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	The purpose of this presentation is to discuss the visitor management planning process in progress at the Parc National du Mercantour in France. Park administration wishes to achieve World Wildlife Fund for Nature’s (WWF) designation as a PAN Park. Details concerning the development of a visitor management framework for WWF’s PAN Parks project will be given. Results will reflect practical aspects of Visitor Management Planning
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 510			Serial	2318
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	Author	Burgin, S.; Hardiman, N.
	Title	Maintaining competitive tourism advantage with reference to the Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	40-41
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3021
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	Author	Burgin,S.; Hardiman,N.
	Title	Unintended de-marketing manages visitor demand in Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	296-297
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3022
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	Author	Burgin,S.; Hardiman,N.
	Title	Comparison of survey methods to profile participants in emerging adventure recreation activities undertaken in wilderness			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	300-302
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3023
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	Author	Burns,G.L.; Granquist, S.M.
	Title	Codes of conduct: managing interactions between visitors and wildlife in natural areas			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	80-81
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3025
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	Author	Čulinović,K.; Magdić,N.; Špoljarić,S.; Rendulić,Ž.
	Title	Educational and recreational trails of forest ecosystems – New trekking possibilities in Plitvička jezera National Park			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	306
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3032
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	Author	Fernandez-Lozala,S.; Haider, W.; Pröbstl-Haider,U.
	Title	Mainstreaming ecosystem services into decisions – a choice experiment on the future use of Parque Nacional Cumbres de Monterrey/Mexico			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	213-214
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3039
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	Author	Gulič, J.; Štruc,S.; Šabec,N.D.
	Title	Monitoring and management of visitors on Pohorje Mountain active raised bogs (Slovenia)			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	175-176
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3047
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	Author	Hansen, A.S.
	Title	Monitoring recreational qualities and impacts in coastal and marine areas			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	96-97
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3050
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	Author	Hidalgo,S.
	Title	Babia and Luna future natural park (Leon, Spain): between a paradise and a desert for visitors			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	178-180
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3053
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	Author	Jensen, F.S.; Nord-Larsen, T.; Johannsen, V.K.; Skov-Petersen,H.
	Title	Recreational indicators in the Danish National Forest Inventory – experiences and results			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	138-139
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3059
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	Author	Lupp,G.; Weber,G.; Pauleit,S.
	Title	Integrating multiple societal demands into urban forestry for the future: the case of Munich (Germany)			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	238-239
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3077
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	Author	Manning,R.; Lawson,S.; Newman,P.; Hallo,J.; Monz,C.
	Title	Sustainable transportation in national parks: A Review and synthesis			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	289-290
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3079
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	Author	Mitrofanenko,T.; Martins,C.P.; Inversini,A.; Lun,L-M.; Maurer,C.; Fedas,M.; Danut,U.; Malkova,T.; Francario,S.; Rega,I.
	Title	Innovation in Rural Tourism (InRuTou) project – implications for visitor management in protected areas			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	307-309
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3090
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	Author	Reimann, M.; Jõõras,S.
	Title	Disabled people perceptions of the nature trails			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	136-137
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3099
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	Author	Rossi, S.D.; Pickering, C.M.; Byrne, J.A.
	Title	Local community perceptions about mountain bike riding in peri-urban national parks			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	69-71
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3104
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	Author	Taczanowska, K.; Brandenburg, C.; Muhar, A.; Hat-Pawlikowska, K.; Ziobrowski, S.; Chlipala, B.; Grocholski, S.; Krzeptowski, J.; Jodlowski, M; Bielański, M.; Witkowski, Z.; Balon, J.; Berbeka, K.: Biernacki, W.
	Title	Who is hiking in the Tatra National Park, Poland? A socio-demographic portrait of visitors			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	27-29
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3113
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	Author	Taplin, R.; Moore, S.; Rodger, K.
	Title	The benefits of using randomised experimentation rather than observational studies for visitor survey social research			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	116-117
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3115
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	Author	Taylor, S.
	Title	Understanding mountain bikers’ choices of recreational settings			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	132-133
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3116
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	Author	Tienhaara, A.; Pouta, E.; Janmere, L.; Kolstrup, C.L.; Pinzke, S.; Järvinen, M.
	Title	Consumer preferences for riding lessons in Finland, Sweden and Latvia			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	30-32
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3119
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	Author	Wall-Reinius, S.; Dahlberg,A.
	Title	National perceptions on protected areas and local community involvement in the Swedish mountains			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	151-152
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3130
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	Author	Williams,S.
	Title	Understanding future demand for outdoor recreation			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	217-218
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3133
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	Author	Wölfle,F.; Türk,S.; Roth,R.
	Title	Effects of experience engineering on regional economy in protected areas			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	191-192
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3136
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	Author	Ziobrowski,S.; Skawiński,P.; Chlipała,B.; Grocholski,S.; Krzeptowski,J.; Jodłowski,M.; Balon,J.; Bielański,M.; Witkowski,Z.; Berbeka,J.; Berbeka,K.; Brandenburg,C.; Muhar,A.; Taczanowska,K.
	Title	Towards an effective visitor monitoring strategy for the Tatra National Park, Poland – a management perspective			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	197-198
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3138
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	Author	Barbirato, A.; Favaretto, F.; Bottazzo, S.,
	Title	Peregrine Falcon at Rocca Pendice: a difficult but possible relationship			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	472-474
	Keywords	MMV4, Protection, Peregrine falcon, alpine climbers
	Abstract	Among the family of Falconidae, Peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) is considered to be the most beautiful and fascinating member of its family. The history and fame of this family dates back to ancient times and the frequent crisis that this species underwent in the years triggered preservation actions that often dealt with climbing and nesting of this bird. The discover in 2001 of a couple of Peregrine falcon that nested on the Eastern cliff of Rocca Pendice brought up the problem of overlapping between the two species (falcon and man) forcing the management of the Colli Euganei Park to assess the situation with LIPU and CAI in order to find a common strategy to solve the problem. From 2001 to nowadays several limitation strategies have been applied with different results depending upon the protected area along with the protection period. The action plans that are hereafter described have proved a positive effect on nesting of the bird. Although climbers have undergone disadvantages because of these decisions we have recorded an increased sensibility in the problem by them that led to a respectful use of the cliff. The encouraging results show how a good collaboration is possible to establish a peaceful cohabitation between sport tourism and endangered species in protected areas.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1086			Serial	2664
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	Author	Chiari, S.; Schmid, F.; Muhar, A.; Muhar, S.,
	Title	Recreational functions of rivers in Austria: an approach to the visitors’ perspective			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	247-251
	Keywords	MMV4, Behaviour, preferences, requirements, river recreation, user survey
	Abstract	In the past Austrian rivers faced a series of human impacts leading to a loss of both ecological and social functionality. River restoration measures aim to improve this functionality, however, they are currently mostly targeted at ecological functions rather than at recreation. To prevent conflicts between ecological integrity and recreational needs integrated river management is demanded. So far river recreation in Austria is an unknown quantity, as profound data are lacking. The range of present river-based recreational activities can only roughly be estimated. The ongoing project “Future options for the development of riverine landscapes – space requirements for multifunctionality” aims to fill this gap. Concerning recreationists’ dispersion, behaviour and preferences data is collected along three rivers (Enns, Drau, Lech). The first step of the methodological approach was an explorative preparatory study conducted in 2007. Qualitative face-to-face interviews should clarify which factors influence river recreationists in terms of how they perceive the river, what they appreciate about the setting and what compromises their quality of experience. Based on these results a semi-standardised questionnaire was developed for a quantitative survey conducted in 2008, covering topics such as visitation motives, use patterns, habits, and perceptive aspects using image-based choice statements. Additionally the extent of river recreation is assessed via peak-day observations documenting recreational characteristics like number of visits, length of stay and activities. Preliminary results indicate that most people associate calmness and relaxation with river recreation rather than adventure and action. In particular, the acoustic scenery and certain natural attributes play a major role. Most people state, that they prefer natural river sections for recreational purposes. However, some ecologically valuable features such as woody debris seem to bother them. Further steps aim to identify key factors for the usability of rivers, integrating both objective factors such as the biophysical setting and subjective issues such as aesthetics and personal preferences.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 998			Serial	2620
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	Author	Colas, S.; Fitton, M.; Thaxter, P.,
	Title	The progress project: the dynamics of involving the public in managing Peri-Urban Forests			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	165-168
	Keywords	MMV4
	Abstract	The EU Forest Action Plan gives special emphasis to the benefits of Urban and Peri-urban forests for public recreation and as an aid to public understanding of conservation issues. At the same time forest and green recreation is being promoted in national agendas because of perceived therapeutic benefits. This strong promotion of forest recreation has re-kindled the concerns that recreation use would damage the resource and have major detrimental impact on biodiversity. The PROGRESS project, which focussed on two peri-urban forests in England and France, offered the opportunity to review these issues.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 962			Serial	2602
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	Author	Cottrell, S.P.,
	Title	Perceptions, attitudes and perceived benefits of local residents about tourism development in and around European Protected Area Network Parks			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	72-76
	Keywords	MMV4, Sustainability, tourism, indicators, monitoring
	Abstract	This paper presents the European Protected Area Network (PAN Parks) approach (mixed methods) for monitoring resident beliefs about the benefits of PAN Parks status and satisfaction with tourism development. Comparison of results and lessons learned from studies done in Poland, Bulgaria, and Finland are given. Hypothesizes imply that economic, socio-cultural, ecological, and institutional dimensions of sustainable tourism influence perceived benefits of PAN Park status and satisfaction with tourism development. As residents’ satisfaction with the economic, socio-cultural, institutional and ecological aspects of sustainable tourism increase, so do beliefs about the benefits of PAN Park status and satisfaction with tourism development in the PAN Park regions.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 914			Serial	2579
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	Author	English, D.B.K.; Zarnoch, S.J.; Bowker, J.M.,
	Title	Trap shyness in onsite visitor surveys; evidence from the U.S			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	135-138
	Keywords	MMV4, Estimation bias, onsite surveys, recreation visitation, trap shyness
	Abstract	In onsite surveys of visitors, whether the purpose is estimating visitation volume or characteristics of the visit population, those who visit the area multiple times per year are candidates to be surveyed more than one time. In such surveys, each visit represents a unique sampling unit. However, individuals may be unwilling to be surveyed after the first contact. The phenomenon is similar to ‘trap shyness’ in wildlife studies wherein an animal learns to avoid traps after the initial experience. If trap shyness exists, it has the potential to bias the results for either or both visitation estimation or describing the average visit characteristics. There is some anecdotal evidence that trap shyness does exist, and could be problematic for long-term surveys such as the National Visitor Use Monitoring program used by the US Forest Service. This paper describes the conceptual framework for how trap shyness can affect both visitation estimates and visit characteristics, identify empirical hypotheses to be tested that provide evidence of trap shyness, present results for the hypotheses, and describe possible improvements to sampling processes that could determine it existence and extent. Data for the paper come from onsite surveying collected during the period October 2004 – September 2007 for about three dozen National Forests.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 948			Serial	2595
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	Author	Griffin, T.; Moore, S.A.; Darcy, S.; Crilley, G.,
	Title	Developing a national approach to visitor data collection, management and use for protected areas: thoughts from Australian research and practice			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	305-309
	Keywords	MMV4, Benchmarking, national approach, performance indicators, protected area management, visitor data
	Abstract	Information on visitor numbers, activities, expectations and satisfaction is vital for protected areas managers on two counts: to assist in the provision of the services and facilities that visitors need and want; and to determine if managers have been efficient and effective in meeting these demands. This paper builds on a recently completed national study in Australia of visitor data collection and usage, and the future visitor data needs, of protected area management agencies. Australia is a federation of states and provides a challenging backdrop for developing a national approach as most responsibilities for protected areas rest with the states rather than the national government. Thus, the success of such an approach rests on cooperation rather than an overarching national regulatory responsibility. The study found that all protected area agencies collected visitor data, however, their approaches were highly variable in what was measured, how the measurements were applied and how data were managed and used. This variability was problematic because it becomes very difficult to determine issues of general importance for protected area management or to benchmark performance across areas. Based on these findings and knowledge of the institutional settings for protected area management in Australia, this paper poses some ideas for progressing a national approach for standardising the measures and measurement of key variables so that comparisons and benchmarking become possible and reliable. Core and supplementary visitor data variables can be identified, with the former being of national interest and hence requiring collection and storage under national coordination and guidance. Implementing such an approach will require working creatively and collaboratively within the current institutional settings.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1024			Serial	2633
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	Author	Hennig, S.,
	Title	The recreation perspective. A recreationalists typology on visitors and their behaviour by the example of Berchtesgaden National Park			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	183-187
	Keywords	MMV4, visitor characteristics, recreational behaviour, typologies, management, statistical analysis
	Abstract	To perform its tasks management needs information on visitors. They provide insight into the recreational situation of protected areas and support management decisions. Therefor, data on visitor use and visitation behaviour have to be analyzed and mapped. However, information on visitors should not be reduced on singular variables. It is important to combine these different characteristics and build up types of visitors respectively visitor behaviour. In favour of this the approach of recreation perspective is elaborated. The concept takes account of existing typologies on (nature-based) tourism and their attributes (e.g. size, age). Furthermore, visitor behaviour is integrated. Distinguished in macro and micro behaviour it is expressed by choice of activity, destination, type, location and duration of extended stops etc.. Considering these aspects visitors can be categorized into several types. The recreation perspective is worked out and applied to the German Berchtesgaden National Park.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 968			Serial	2605
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