| Records |
| Author |
Burns, R.; Graefe, A.; English, D., |
| Title |
Visitor measuring and monitoring challenges on remote national forests: The case of Alaska, USA |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication  |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
134-134 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Alaska, recreation use, national forests, visitor monitoring |
| Abstract |
The purpose of this project was to identify and evaluate the set of issues associated with recreation use studies measuring and monitoring in Region 10 of the USDA Forest Service (Alaska), and more specifically within the Chugach and Tongass National Forests. The unique environment and conditions of Alaska have long posed significant challenges to recreation monitoring efforts, and several previous efforts have been undertaken to address this topic, both internally (Reed, 2003) and externally (Stynes, 2006). The US Forest Service uses the National Visitor Use Monitoring (NVUM) protocol to measure and monitor visitor use on all of its national forests. In 2000, an initial attempt to measure visitor use on the Tongass National Forest was conducted. Only 138 of 165 planned sampling days were completed, resulting in a completion rate of 84 percent (USDA 2001). This was the lowest achievement rate among all regions, which averaged 95 percent overall. An in depth review suggested that weather was not a factor and that the low accomplishment rate was attributable to personnel and strategic problems experienced by the sample districts. Approximately 12 interviews were conducted, along with a review of literature focusing on this issue. A series of approximately 20—25 recommendations were made to managers as a result of the review and interviews. It is intended that the results of this review will ultimately aid in customizing the survey protocol and instruments for the National Visitor Use Monitoring (NVUM) and related recreation use monitoring studies in this region. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 946 |
Serial |
2594 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Eder, R.; Kahler, A.; Arnberger, A., |
| Title |
Assessment of a passive infrared counter with a remote data transfer facility |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
480-482 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Passive infrared sensor, remote data transfer, video monitoring |
| Abstract |
This study evaluated the reliability of the Ecocounter – Ecotwin© equipped with a remote control facility (Eco-GSM-unit) under different conditions. The counter is connected to a modem, which allows transferring data from the counter to the office via internet. We will discuss the reliability of the modem and the influences of the different locations and surroundings on it. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1090 |
Serial |
2666 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Eisenhut, A.; Haller, R.; Raper, J., |
| Title |
How does topography influence the use of the mobile guide WebParkSNP in the Swiss National Park? |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
433-437 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Location based services, Swiss National Park, Visitor management, Visitor monitoring |
| Abstract |
Since 2005, the Swiss National Park offers a mobile information system called WebParkSNP which provides content about the users surroundings using smart phone services and GPS. Up to now, little is known about the use of Location Based Services (LBS) by visitors of remote and protected areas and about the contents they are interested in. WebParkSNP logs time, location and content of each action the user conducts. Contents are not only pushed but can be accessed from every location. With the consent of 419 users, WebParkSNP’s log files of the summer season 2007 have been analysed in order to compare the user’s actions with the topography of the Park. Topography is composed of specific places (vegetation classes, aspect, and slope of the trail), facilities (resting areas, huts) and viewpoints. The results show that clustering of access occurs on steeper slopes, within facilities, and on viewpoints on certain routes. The content accessed differs between facilities and other places. Nevertheless, these patterns are not only determined by topography but also by behavioural aspects; the use of the guide depends on the daytime and on the distance from the starting point of the walk as well. These results allow the evaluation and improvement of LBS concerning content and locations. In addition, conclusions can be drawn about the development and improvement of other offers in the Park. Further analysis and the integration of other visitor surveys like census and questionnaires will show the potential for more general insights into visitor behaviour in protected areas. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1072 |
Serial |
2657 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Itami, R.M., |
| Title |
Level of sustainable activity: bottom up vessel traffic management |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
155-159 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Vessel Traffic Management, Level of Sustainable Activity, RBSim, Recreation Behaviour Simulation, Bottom Up Decision Making |
| Abstract |
This paper presents a decision-making framework called “Level of Sustainable Activity”(LSA) which is a user-based approach to vessel traffic planning and management of high volume multiple use urban waterways. The method is adapted from the US Federal Highway Administrations “Level of Service” for traffic capacity. However the LSA framework links user estimates of traffic density to quality of service objects and a risk management framework to identify social and environmental risk factors. The results of the method are then used to interpret simulations of existing and projected use for making management decisions. The LSA framework was developed to define traffic capacity to urban waterways, however a spinoff of the method has been improved stakeholder buy-in into the process and a much stronger basis for management decision making. This is a direct result of the “bottom up” approach taken to both developing behavioural simulation models and the methods of obtaining information from users for populating and validating the simulation model. This paper advocates the LSA approach for a wider range of management applications by taking a user-based approach for describing existing conditions, projecting future growth, identifying key issues, and developing management actions. A case study of a vessel traffic management plan for Hobson’s Bay in Melbourne, Australia is used to demonstrate the concepts described in this paper. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 956 |
Serial |
2599 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Jochem, R., |
| Title |
Building the model right and building the right model: Verification and validation of the recreation simulation model MASOOR |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
160-160 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Behaviour simulation, MASOOR, recreation model, behavioural rules and preferences |
| Abstract |
MASOOR (Multi Agent Simulation Of Outdoor Recreation) is a multi-agent recreational behaviour simulation model. MASOOR is developed to evaluate both existing management policies and effects of various management actions. In addition, it can serve as a communication tool in participatory processes. By visualizing recreational behaviour on maps the model helps different stakeholders (recreationists, managers, scientists) to interpret the complex patterns of visitor use and support the discussion among those stakeholders. However, it is important that the model is verified and validated. Verification can be defined as the process of testing whether or not the logic of the model is acceptable. It involves checking that the model behaves as expected and it is sometimes referred to as testing the ëinner validityí of the model. Verification deals with building the model right. Validation relates to the extent that the model adequately represent the actual situation that is modeled. Validation deals with building the right model. Validity can be ascertained by comparing the output of the model with comparable data collected from a real-world system using a various statistics. In this paper we verify MASOOR by an assessment of recreational path use at different numbers of replications. We validate MASOOR by comparing the modeled output with real world data. Finally, we focus the validation on specific behavioural rules such as preference for path type and chunking direction |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 958 |
Serial |
2600 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Lee, J.-H.; Bürger-Arndt, R., |
| Title |
A comparative study of offers for recreation in nature parks in Germany and in recreation forests in Korea |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
86-88 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, comparative study, German Nature Park, internet search, Korean Recreation Forest, recreation, recreational offer, recreational use |
| Abstract |
This comparative study was designed to search for the difference in recreational use and recreational offers between German Nature Parks and Korean Recreational Forests. To review current recreational offers, a complete search of the websites of all German Nature Parks and 50% of Korean Recreation Forests was undertaken. The result is compared per category of offers. Hiking is offered as a recreational forest activity in nearly all Nature Parks in Germany (95%) and Recreation Forests in Korea (98%). Apart from hiking, biking (92%) and horse riding (71%) were offered by most of the German Nature Parks whereas Walking (96%) and Fitness trail (76%) activities were mostly offered in Korea. Swimming (66%), canoeing (62%), fishing (43%) and sailing (38%) were very famous water activities in German Nature Parks. However, there are very few water activities except swimming (74%) in Korean Recreation Forests. Environmental education plays an important role in nature friendly recreation. In terms of quantity and quality, there were better offers in environmental education in Germany than in Korea. Nature educational trails were offered by 68% of German Nature Parks compared to 26% of Recreation Forests in Korea. Various environmental education programs for children were 63% in German and only 40% in Korea. Furthermore, there were more offers in German Nature Park, for example environmental guide (56%), environmental education program (47%) and environmental touring (26%). There were nine tour themes in German Nature Parks with the largest proportion (66%) dedicated to experience with nature and 8% for the disabled people. On the other hand, the Korean Recreation Forest has not so many tour themes as in German Nature Parks. Nevertheless, the activities comprise of nature experience (80%), cultural history (72%) and wellness (32%). The demand of recreation users on Infrastructures is very high, therefore almost all of Korean Recreation Forests have Toilet (94%), Kitchen & Water (80%) and shower rooms (68%). They exhibit passive recreation and the environmental education program is less compared to that of German Nature Park, but the infrastructure plays a very important role in nature recreation of Koreans. It sums that, German Nature Parks have more of almost all kinds of recreational offers than Korean Recreation Forests. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 922 |
Serial |
2583 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Lewis, A.R., |
| Title |
Sustainable camping at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia: overcoming methodological challenges |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
278-282 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Australia, environmental impacts, methods, Ningaloo, recreation |
| Abstract |
This paper outlines issues relating to campsite assesment along the Ningaloo coastline, Western Australia. A solution to methodological challenges, through the utilisation of both qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques are suggested. The Ningaloo coastline is gaining popularity as a remote camping destination in Western Australia. Camping activities in this semi-arid environment are largely unrestricted, and gradual environmental degradation is observable in many locations. The following factors make the Ningaloo camping experience unique within Australia: A remote, semi-arid environment; multiple management/ownership of land; off-road vehicle accessibility to campsites; elaborate camp set-ups (often with a campervan and four-wheel drive); and the long average length of stay (47 days). Existing literature largely focuses on camping impacts within a wilderness environment, with short visitor stays, pedestrian-only access and a single management regime. This research will undertake an initial environmental assessment of sample campsites within different locations along the Ningaloo coast. Campers’ daily activities, resource (water, energy) use and waste production will also be determined. This research is highly significant from a local and regional perspective, given government plans to develop multiple camping ‘nodes’ along the Ningaloo coast by 2015. The data will therefore contribute to a stronger understanding of campsite sustainability, with regard to campsite placement and facilities. This research will also address information gaps within the field of recreation ecology |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1014 |
Serial |
2628 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Ligtenberg, A.; Van Marwijk, R.; Moelans, B.; Kuijpers, B., |
| Title |
Recognizing patterns of movements in visitor flows in nature areas |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
422-427 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, GIS, Movement Behavior, Spatial Temporal Analyses |
| Abstract |
This paper presents some approaches for geo-spatial analysis of movement behavior of visitors of recreational areas. The approaches are bases on the use of moving object databases containing Temporary Annotated Sequences (TAS). The TAS result from the use of GPS or mobile phones for tracking visitors. Two examples are presented for a case study carried out in the Dutch National Park Dwingelderveld. About 461 visitors were tracked using a GPS device. Based on these GPS recordings their trajectories have been reconstructed. The relation between the type of landscape in terms of openness and the speed of movement have been analyzed. Additionally a similarity analyses based on Fréchet analysis shows clusters of movements. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1068 |
Serial |
2655 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Luthe, T.; Roth, R., |
| Title |
Extended vulnerability of ski tourism to global change |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
89-92 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Extended Vulnerability Factors, Global Change, Ski tourism, Sustainable Adaptation |
| Abstract |
The current and forecasted outcomes of global change put ski destinations under different stresses. Climate change is the most discussed and the most obvious factor that directly affects the economic success of ski areas. Latest since the last OECD report a broad discussion about such ski areas that will lose from climate change, namely the lower and smaller ones, and those potentially winning being the higher and bigger ski areas, got started. This discussion has been focusing on the main vulnerability factors elevation, size and snow making capacity. Technical snow making is the main kind of adaptation to climate change being discussed and applied. But in addition to climate change there are socioeconomic and demographic developments that lead to other grades of vulnerability for ski tourism. In the research project SkiSustain we aim to develop a sustainability management framework for ski destinations responding to global change. In the supply side part we did personal qualitative interviews in thirty six ski areas of four Alpine countries after the extremely warm winter of 2006/07. Ski areas were picked for interviews as the main drivers of investments and employment in ski destinations. Research questions were about the perception of vulnerability to global change and strategies and possibilities of adaptive capacity. In the interviews ski area managements were confronted with recent results from the customer demand survey Save-Snow to find out about the possibilities to drive changes to chances, for example by softer means of adaptation and more mitigation and partnering more with the customer. Results show that the view on vulnerability of ski destinations needs to be extended from a current climate change and elevation focused view to a much more diverse one. Current means of adaptation will not be suitable to tackle the sum of challenges from global change. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 924 |
Serial |
2584 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Marandola, D.; Malvolti, M.E.; Tognetti, R., |
| Title |
Biodiversity and rural development: the case-study of the “Shepherd’s walnut”. An action model for sustainable rural development shaped on the peculiar features of a rural area |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
494-496 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Biodiversity, local resources, rural development |
| Abstract |
Walnut tree, for nutritional value, wood and its connections to local culture and society, is a very typical product of the Apennine rural areas. Anyway, the economical value of the traditional/local varieties is today very reduced and this may expose rural areas to a loss of biodiversity, cultural values and landscape elements. FIMONT is a research project which aims to calibrate action models to increase the value of mountain traditional food products. The research, starting from some specific morpho-genetic analisys carried out by IBAF, has considered the possibility to increase the value of local walnut calibrating a model based on the peculiar features of the rural territory. An ancient path for sheeps transhumance has been choosen like a “red line” for the model. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1104 |
Serial |
2673 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Marandola, D.; Raschi, A.; Tognetti, R., |
| Title |
Are Natura2000 SPAs and SACs perceived by local communities like important elements for local development? The case study of Fortore-Alto Tammaro, a rural area on the mid-southern Apennines |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
492-493 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Natural resources, eco-agri-tourism, rural development |
| Abstract |
Apenninic areas cover a wide part of the italian surface and represent an important element of conservation for cultural, biological, economical and social diversity. Many difficulties, however, expose these internal areas to high risks of abandonment and loss of diversity. A long-run research project aims to calibrate action models for sustainable rural development based on eco-agri-tourism, also to promote conservation and knowledge of local natural resources. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1102 |
Serial |
2672 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Newman, P.; Manning, R.E.; Fristrup, K., |
| Title |
Managing Soundscapes in National Parks: an adaptive management approach in Muir Woods National monument, California |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
353-353 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Soundscapes, visitor-caused noise, adaptive management Muir Woods National Monument, national parks |
| Abstract |
Research in national parks has begun to address the issue of human-caused noise and its resource and social impacts. This paper reports the results of a study conducted in the summer of 2007 that tested the efficacy and acceptability of management actions designed to reduce visitor-caused noise The study used an experimental or “adaptive” management” approach designed to test the effectiveness of temporal and spatial zoning to protect natural quiet in Muir Woods National Monument, California, an old growth redwood forest. The adaptive management experiment consisted of two treatments and an associated control. During all three periods, visitorcaused noise was recorded at a fixed location in the park and a visitor survey was conducted. The first treatment tested the effectiveness of a spatial zoning approach by establishing a “quiet zone” in Cathedral Grove through a series of park signs. The second treatment tested the effectiveness of a temporal zoning approach by establishing “quiet days” throughout the park through a series of park signs. The control period included neither of these treatments. Study findings indicate that both the “quiet zone” and “quiet day” treatments were effective in lowering the level of visitor-caused noise in the park as measured during the control period, and that visitors were highly supportive of these management actions. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1044 |
Serial |
2643 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Ollenburg, C.; Buckley, R., |
| Title |
Farm tourism experiences in rural Australia: a continent-wide study of geographical distribution and socioeconomic characteristics of farm tourism operators |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
262-262 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Nature tourism, rural tourism and experiences in recreational and protected areas |
| Abstract |
Worldwide changes in agricultural commodity prices and production systems, coupled with increasing demand for rural tourism in urbanized developed nations, have lead many farm landholders to turn to tourism operations as an alternative or additional source of income. The proportions of farmers and rural landholders who have made this move, however, differ considerably from one country to another, and between different areas in the same country. There is a great demand side interest to visit farms, but only some farm landholders provide a tourism experience. For the purpose of this paper tourism experiences on farms include accommodation and activities. A revealed preference approach was applied, at a continent-wide scale examining the geographical distribution and socio-economic characteristic of Australian farm tourism operators. Using multiple data sources, we inventoried, mapped and characterized all known Australian farm tourism enterprises, and examined patterns using both size-based and multi-criterion classifications. Results from revealed-preference analyses are congruent with stated-preference studies but yield considerable additional information and insights. There are clusters of farm tourism enterprises close to cities and gateways, and isolated operations in more remote areas. We identified four groups of farm tourism providers: full-time, part-time, retirement and lifestyle operators. Characteristics of the farm property and business, the farming family, and the farm tourism business differ significantly between groups. Most (88%) of these farm tourism operators offer nature-based as well as farm-based activities; and in aggregate, they use only four fifths of their land for farming, with the remaining fifth, presumably, potentially available for other recreational activities or conservation. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1006 |
Serial |
2624 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Parry, R.; Williams, S.; Watkins, J.A., |
| Title |
Understanding the recreation preferences and constraints of low participation social groups |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
188-192 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, constraints and preferences, participation, under-representation and exclusion |
| Abstract |
Current research has indicated that participation in informal outdoor recreation is relatively low among certain groups, such as young people, older people, women, ethnic minority groups and people with disabilities. There is pressure on policy makers and practitioners to address this apparent imbalance. This paper reviews the findings of an international literature review which highlighted that there has been a focus on ëconstraintsí rather than on ëpreferencesí, particularly in relation to participation in outdoor recreation in the UK. It would appear from the literature that there is a presumption that the main reasons for low participation are related to structural barriers (such as lack of transport) rather than a lack of understanding of the recreation preferences of non-traditional participants. This has raised the question of whether it is achievable to change the prevalent attitude amongst the countryside sector from one of ëwe expect people to want what we provideí, to one of ëwe will provide for what people wantí. Would such a paradigm shift be successful in achieving more equitable outdoor recreation participation? |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 970 |
Serial |
2606 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Pouwels, R.; Jochem, R.; Henkens, R.J.H.G., |
| Title |
Criteria for scientific tools for recreation planning in nature areas |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
320-324 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Adaptive management, integrating scientific tools, recreation planning, biodiversity |
| Abstract |
Recreation is increasing the last decades in Northwest-Europe. Although these visitors might have a negative impact on biodiversity values, they are important for the support of biodiversity actions. Therefore a major objective for planning and managing of visitor landscapes is to avoid the negative effects of recreational use and to ensure that expectations of visitors can be afforded. Scientific knowledge and scientific tools always have and always will be important in managing recreation in visitor landscapes. However it is an illusion scientists will deliver ready-to-go answers. In this paper we will define criteria that scientific tools should meet. We will follow the arguments of Haider [1] and McCool et al. [2] that the use of knowledge and tools should be implemented in decision strategies like adaptive management and use experiences from a case study of recreation planning in the New Forest (UK). We will show that scientific tools should be flexible to adapt to local data to gain credibility and legitimacy and should be able to show which management alternative is most likely to meet recreation objectives and conservation objectives. Therefore the recreation tool has to be linked to the biodiversity tool. The scientific tools also should be useful in communication between stakeholders so they learn each other’s key processes and values and better understand the “other side of the table”. Especially because stakeholders have different views about what should or should not be considered a problem. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1030 |
Serial |
2636 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Puhakka, R.; Cottrell, S.P.; Siikamäki, P., |
| Title |
Role of Oulanka PAN Park in Local Community Development in Northeastern Finland |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
78-82 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, certification, national parks, PAN Parks, sustainable tourism |
| Abstract |
As a result of the growth of nature-based tourism, national parks have become important tourist attractions in Finland, and they have an increasing role as tools for regional development especially in the northern peripheries of the country. Meanwhile, new international initiatives to develop sustainable nature-based tourism have been introduced in Finland. PAN (Protected Area Network) Parks Foundation is a non-profit organization aimed to balance the needs of wilderness protection and community development by facilitating sustainable tourism development in European parks. This study examines the socio-cultural sustainability of tourism in Oulanka National Park perceived by local stakeholders. The central question concerns the role of PAN Parks certification in community and tourism development. Does it benefit socio-cultural development in the region, and does it have some disadvantages from the perspective of local people? The study is based on a mixed methods approach including a questionnaire (n=314) and semi-structured interviews (n=40) conducted in Oulanka region in 2007 for representatives of NGOs, tourism and other businesses, municipalities and public sector, and local residents. Findings show that most of the stakeholders have a positive attitude towards tourism development in Oulanka. The economic benefits of PAN Parks status have not yet been realized, but locals expect the benefits will grow while tourists’ familiarity with PAN Parks increases. Local residents’ knowledge of PAN Parks is still weak. Although nature-based tourism benefits community in various ways, locals also perceive disadvantages caused by the park. The biggest problems identified in the study are related to participation possibilities and contradictions with traditional subsistence economies (e.g., fishing, hunting and reindeer herding). Thus, it is essential to pay attention to the distribution of benefits and burdens of the park development – also to those which are not related to monetary interests. Increasing co-operation with local stakeholders could improve the mutual relations. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 918 |
Serial |
2581 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Rupf, R.; Wernli, M.; Haller, R., |
| Title |
How to elaborate precise visitor numbers? |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
161-164 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Acoustic slab sensor, calibration, visitor census, visitor monitoring, Swiss National Park |
| Abstract |
Visitor numbers and visitor distribution are required information for various management tasks of recreational areas. Automatic data collection is a low-price opportunity to obtain data. The main problem of automatic methods is data precision. In the Swiss National Park, automatic visitor counting with acoustic slab sensors started in 2005. As precision did not appear to be satisfactory, the counting problems were investigated. Sensor installation strictly followed the instruction manuals given and fine tuning during the calibration period led to a deviance of 5%. Precise counting data resulted in the sum of persons counted whereas direction separated data was not as precise. Recommendations for counting site selection, installation and calibration counting are given. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 960 |
Serial |
2601 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Sanesi, G.; Fiore, M.; Colangelo, G.; Lafortezza, R., |
| Title |
Monitoring visitor-flows in Tuscany’s forests: preliminary results and clues |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
40-44 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Protected area – Forest resources – Environmental indicators – Forest Information System – Tuscany Region |
| Abstract |
In 2006, the Tuscany Region through its Agency for Agriculture and Forestry (ARSIA) has lunched a tool supporting the process of planning and managing forest areas within the region: RAFT – “RApporto sullo stato delle Foreste in Toscana” – Report on the status of Tuscany forests. The RAFT aims to monitor the status of forests and their main functions and services in relation to ecological and social aspects. This monitoring process has now reached its third year. Within the theme of “Environment and society”, the RAFT has analysed a number of indicators (following the P-S-R framework) related to the flows of visitors in Tuscany’s forests. Analyses show the relevance of forest areas in the region especially within protected areas. In this paper, we report a brief description of the RAFT and the some preliminary results related to the analysis of past and current flows of visitors in protected areas and hunting sites. We discuss the main strengths and the weaknesses associated with the past and current policies for managing visitors’ flows and propose new strategies to disseminate information and attract visitors during different seasons. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 894 |
Serial |
2569 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Vaccari, F.; Baronti, S.; Magno, R.; Trampetti, S.; Giannini, F.; Raschi, A., |
| Title |
TuristiCO2: a carrying capacity assessment for sustainable tourism in a park island |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
522-525 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Carrying Capacity, Carbon Sequestration, Greenhouse effect, Park Islands |
| Abstract |
Carrying capacity has been a long-standing issue in management of parks, outdoor recreation and tourism. This paper describes the first analysis concerning a project on touristic carrying capacity assessment on Pianosa, an island of the Parco Nazionale of Arcipelago Toscano, using an Eddy-Covariance tower for CO2 fluxes measurement. The preliminary results show that Pianosa represents a sink of carbon, thus actively contribute to reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1120 |
Serial |
2681 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Van Marwijk, R.; Pitt, D.G., |
| Title |
Where Dutch recreationists walk: path design, physical features and walker usage |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
428-432 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, environmental values, outdoor recreation, spatial behaviour, physical environment |
| Abstract |
A comprehensive understanding of visitor use is fundamental for effective park management. This paper explores recreational spatial behaviour in a protected nature area with a focus on the physical environment. The current research is carried out in Dwingelderveld National Park in the north-eastern part of the Netherlands with approximately 2 million visitors a year. A total of 400 walkers carried a GPS to record their movements. We related spatial patterns to the (visible) physical environment. We characterized the physical environment in (1) the path network and (2) the surrounding environment. The environment is defined by use, experience, and narrative value variables. Hierarchical regression analyses show the importance of the use value variables signage and placement of parking areas as predictors for spatial behaviour. Experience and narrative value variables are less important. For recreational quality purposes, managers should clearly communicate recreational opportunities for each parking area to the public. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1070 |
Serial |
2656 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Von Ruschkowski, E.; Valdeig, S.; Jakob, R.; Homann, S., |
| Title |
Designing a visitor monitoring concept for Harz National Park in Germany |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
144-147 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Harz National Park, visitor monitoring concept, Germany |
| Abstract |
Germany’s protected areas encounter many specific challenges in regards to visitor management. Due to a high population density, they are frequented by high visitor numbers who also enter unaccounted for from diffuse ingress points as access is free of charge. Additionally, Germany’s parks are historically young. Thus, scientific monitoring is often limited to conservation issues whereas socioeconomic dimensions are not always considered a core management issue. Harz National Park with an area of 246 km2, situated in the German states of Lower Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt, is a typical example. Although visitor counts have been conducted in several recreational “hot spots” within in the park, no quantitative and qualitative visitor use statistics for the park as a whole exist. As a consequence, the park administration lacks information that is necessary to analyse and evaluate potential conflicts between visitor use and conservation objectives. In 2007, the Institute of Environmental Planning and the Harz National Park administration joined efforts to develop a long-term strategy to implement visitor use monitoring with the national park. Based on extensive interviews, mainly with park staff, and an evaluation of current available technologies, a first framework was developed which will address the methodological challenges outlined above. Key pillars of the framework are a concept for quantitative visitor counts by means of pyroelectric counters and a modular-structured questionnaire to collect qualitative data such as visitor preferences, and value added to the region. The framework will now further undergo scientific evaluation to be implemented from 2009 onwards. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 952 |
Serial |
2597 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Zanon, D.; Hall, J.; Shaw, R., |
| Title |
Long term benefits of visitor monitoring – An Australian experience |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
148-152 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Visitor Satisfaction, Visitor Segments, Park Visitors, Structural Equation Model, Park Management Planning |
| Abstract |
Parks Victoria manages Victoria’s (Australia) national, state and urban parks. These parks make up approximately 17% of the state’s area and annually receive 45.3 million visits. Parks Victoria has been dedicated to the development of scientifically sound methods for monitoring visitors and the community since 1994. The three main ongoing monitoring streams are: visit quantities, community perceptions of management and visitor experience (Visitor Satisfaction Monitor). Accumulated research data from the Visitor Satisfaction Monitor (VSM) has been used to profile and refine the organisation’s understanding of its various park visitors. After 10 years that data has matured to produce a comprehensive visitor-product market segmentation. Over 11,000 interviews at 34 major parks (including 68 visitor sites) between 2000 and 2004 were used to group park visitors into seven segments. The segments are Nature Admirers, Urban Socials Trail Users, Passives and Other Users, Activity Centrics, Access Made Easy and Country Vacationers. Each park visitor segment, or group, had substantial differences from the other groups, while the individuals within each segment had much more in common; Nature Admirers visit in small groups for a short spectacular scenic experience whereas Urban Socials visit in large groups for half-day social interactions such as birthday parties and picnics. Further analyses have been conducted to identify individual sub-segments within each of the major segments. These sub-segments provide detailed information that can be used for the future development of parks and associated services. Subsequent analysis using Structural Equation Modelling provides evidence that the relationships between services and satisfaction are better understood when considering segments. Parks Victoria has been using segments in park management applications such as wild fire recovery plans, tourism strategy formulation, park management planning and visitor risk management. It has proved to be an efficient and effective systematic way of meeting visitor needs. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 954 |
Serial |
2598 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Burns, R.C.; Graefe, A.R., |
| Title |
Segmentation of Outdoor Recreationists: A Comparison of Recreationists’ Perceptions of Importance and Satisfaction Across Activities |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
122-128 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
The purpose of this study was to explore levels of importance and satisfaction with various attributes of customer service among selected segments of outdoor recreationists. The study also examined the nature of the relationships between satisfaction attributes and overall satisfaction. These relationships were tested for four dimensions of satisfaction (facilities, services, information, and recreation experience), across three water-based user groups (ramp users, campers, and day users). This study builds on previous customer satisfaction research conducted by both consumer behavior specialists and recreation researchers. In congruence with previous research on customer satisfaction, many of the constructs associated with quality in a recreation environment are intangible, elusive, and extremely difficult to measure. Study results showed that there are significant differences between different segments of users in reported levels of importance and satisfaction with various aspects of a recreational visit, but the nature of the relationships between the various domains and overall satisfaction varies little across the user segments. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 450 |
Serial |
2288 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
English, D.B.K.; Kocis, S.M.; Arnold, J.R.; Zarnoch, S.J.; Warren, L., |
| Title |
Visitor Use of USDA Forest Service Recreation Areas: Methods and Results from the National Visitor Use Monitoring Effort |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
246-251 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
One stratum of survey sites in the USDA Forest Service’s National Visitor Use Monitoring (NVUM) effort contains agency-managed elements of the National Wilderness Preservation System. Two related methods are used to estimate the amount of visitation that occurs in these areas. One utilizes annual information on the number of use permits at the sites where these are mandatory; the other employs a double-sampling approach to estimate visitation. In both cases, on-site visitor sampling is required to obtain the information necessary to estimate actual visitation. A few additional questions on the survey enable us to describe visitor demographics, evaluate customer satisfaction, and estimate economic values and impacts of these visits. The presentation discusses development of the sampling design as well as calibration issues for both use estimation methods. A comparison of the statistical accuracy and cost of each is made. Because the sample design is based on the spatial-temporal combination of Wilderness exit points and the days they are open, some analytic adjustment to the sample survey data is required (beyond simple sample means) to get results that describe the visiting population. The analytic framework is presented, along with some empirical results from the first year of sampling at six selected National Forests to give the flavor of the managerially-relevant information we have so far obtained. The presentation concludes with a discussion of how we plan to extend the analysis that can include issues such as developing models of visitor flows and relating visitation levels to perceptions of crowding. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 486 |
Serial |
2306 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Gimblett, R.; Lynch, J.; Daniel, T.; Ribes, L.; Oye, G., |
| Title |
Deriving Artificial Models of Visitors From Dispersed Patterns of Use in Sierra Nevada Wilderness |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
180-186 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
Natural resource managers are faced with a complex problem of understanding human use patterns and associated impacts in dispersed recreation wilderness settings. This is further complicated by the subsequent synthesis and modeling of those behaviors that affect such patterns of use. While conventional approaches to modeling have limited use in acquiring and understanding such complex associations, spatial simulation models have been proposed as an alternative. The purpose of this paper is to describe a project whose focus is on a dispersed recreation context of backpacking trips and commercial packstock operations in the John Muir Wilderness in the Sierra Nevada Mountains in California. This paper will discuss the data collection and synthesis to derive agent profiles and rules as a precursor to the development of a dynamic, agent based model that represent the spatial distribution of visitation patterns. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 466 |
Serial |
2296 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Gokhelashvili, R.; Gavashelishvili, A.; Javakhishvili, Z.; Azniashvili, L., |
| Title |
Tourism Infrastructure Planning in Tusheti National Park of Georgia |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
74-77 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
This paper provides an example of using biodiversity information for tourism infrastructure and management planning in national parks to avoid conflicts between nature conservation, recreational goals, and other users. Within the area of the proposed Tusheti National Park in Georgia, we used field survey data of seventeen focal species within a GIS analytical environment to assess the consistency of planned management categories zoning and administrative and visitor infrastructure (including tourist trails) with biodiversity conservation requirements. A map, comprised of layers for each focal species, was overlaid onto maps of proposed zoning, infrastructure and tourist trails. Numerous conflicts in planning were detected and recommendations were made to improve zoning and infrastructure planning in the national park, and to minimize negative effects of tourism on biodiversity conservation. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 434 |
Serial |
2280 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Itami, R.; Raulings, R.; MacLaren, G.; Hirst, K.; Gimblett, R.; Zanon, D.; Chladek, P., |
| Title |
RBSim 2: Simulating the Complex Interactions between Human Movement and the Outdoor Recreation Environment |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
191-198 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
This paper describes advancements in recreation management using new technology that couples Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with Intelligent Agents to simulate recreation behaviour in real world settings. RBSim 2 (Recreation Behaviour Simulator) is a computer simulation program that enables recreation managers to explore the consequences of change to any one or more variables so that the goal of accommodating increasing visitor use is achieved while maintaining the quality of visitor experience. RBSim provides both a qualitative understanding of management scenarios by the use of map graphics from a GIS as well as a quantitative understanding of management consequences by generating statistics during the simulation. Managers are able to identify points of over crowding, bottlenecks in circulation systems, and conflicts between different user groups. RBSim 2 is a tool designed specifically for the purposes of simulating human recreation behaviour in outdoor environments. The software is designed to allow recreation researchers and managers to simulate any recreation environment where visitors are restricted to movement on a network (roads, trails, rivers, etc.). The software architecture is comprised of the following components: • GIS module to enter travel network, facilities, and elevation data • Agent module to specify tourist personality types, travel modes, and agent rules • Typical Trip planner to specify trips as an aggregation of entry/exit nodes, arrival curves, destinations and agents • Scenario designer to specify combinations of travel networks, and typical trip plans • Statistical module to specify outputs and summarize simulation results. This paper describes the RBSim software architecture with specific reference to the trip planning algorithms used by the recreation agents. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 470 |
Serial |
2298 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Krämer, A.; Roth, R., |
| Title |
Spatial Requirements of Outdoor Sports in the Nature Park Southern Blackforest – GIS-based Conflict Analysis and Solutions for Visitor Flow Management |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
33-39 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 420 |
Serial |
2273 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Lawson, S.; Manning, R., |
| Title |
Integrating Multiple Wilderness Values into a Decision-Making Model for Denali National Park and Preserve |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
136-142 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
Decisions about how to manage wilderness recreation in Denali National Park and Preserve require managers to integrate a diverse set of public values, a process that typically involves balancing tradeoffs among multiple and often competing values. While decisions about how to manage wilderness are often contentious, previous research suggests that if managers are able to predict public support for various management alternatives the decisions become more tractable. This study develops a decision-making model that integrates social, resource, and managerial values associated with the Denali wilderness experience. Specifically, stated choice analysis is used to evaluate the choices overnight wilderness visitors make when faced with hypothetical tradeoffs among the conditions of social, resource, and management attributes of the Denali wilderness. Study findings offer an empirical approach for predicting and evaluating the likelihood of public support for Denali wilderness management alternatives. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 454 |
Serial |
2290 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Lawson, S.; Manning, R.; Valliere, W.; Wang, B.; Budruk, M., |
| Title |
Using Simulation Modeling to Facilitate Proactive Monitoring and Adaptive Management of Social Carrying Capacity in Arches National Park, Utah, USA |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
205-210 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
Recent research and management experience has led to several frameworks for defining and managing carrying capacity of national parks and protected areas. The process outlined in contemporary carrying capacity frameworks embodies the principles of adaptive management. That is, management decisions are guided and adapted within these frameworks by monitoring indicator variables to ensure that standards of quality are maintained. The objective of this study was to develop a computer simulation model to estimate the relationships between total park use and the condition of indicator variables. In this way, simulation modeling might facilitate proactive monitoring and adaptive management of social carrying capacity of parks and protected areas. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 474 |
Serial |
2300 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Manning, R.E., |
| Title |
How Much is Too Much? Carrying Capacity of National Parks and Protected Areas |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
306-313 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
Increasing recreational use of national parks and protected areas can impact natural and cultural resources and the quality of the visitor experience. Determining how much recreational use can ultimately be accommodated in a park or protected area is often addressed through the concept of carrying capacity. Contemporary approaches to carrying capacity – including the Visitor Experience and Resource Protection (VERP) framework developed by the U.S. National Park Service – rely on formulation of indicators and standards of quality of natural/cultural resources and the visitor experience. This paper describes the VERP framework and its application in the U.S. national park system, including a program of research designed to help formulate indicators and standards of quality. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 506 |
Serial |
2316 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Mutz, R.; Von Janowsky, D.; Becker, G., |
| Title |
Cyclical Visitor-Behavior Patterns of Urban Forest Recreation Environments and their Determinants – A Statistical View |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
218-224 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
Urban forest recreation environments have their particular rhythms, not only natural periodicities, but also periodicites of their human members (vistors, rangers,...). A human forest ecosystem as a basic unit of analysis can be defined as an interaction between the population, the organization of forest and the technology in response to the environment. In order to manage such forest ecosystems information about the recreation demand of visitors is needed, particularly about the rhythms of the visitor flow. A scientific project in Stuttgart, a town in South-Germay, provides for an example. The central objective of this paper is to detect periodicities in a time series of frequencies of certain groups of visitors, observed by a fix video camera over one year (March 1999-March 2000) (n=1421 measurements). A not widespreaded statistical method, the spectral analysis, will be applied on the data. Certain periodicities can be found, especially a day-cycle, week-cycles and year-cycles for the various groups of visitors. Impacts of weather (sunny, cloudy, rainy) and weekday (weekend or not) have significant influence on the visitor flow. A simulation illustrates the shape of the cycles, which are detected. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 478 |
Serial |
2302 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Pekny, R.; Leditznig, C., |
| Title |
Visitor Management in the Wilderness Area Dürrenstein, Lower Austrian Kalkalpen |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
84-88 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
With its approx. 2.400 ha, the wilderness area Dürrenstein lies in the south-western part of Lower Austria in the northern Kalkalpen. The primary objective of this protected area, which is aiming at being recognised as Category I of the IUCN guidelines (Eastern part: Ia – strict nature reserve and Western part: Ib – wilderness area), is the sustainable protection of this region. However, as according to the said guidelines, human disturbance in the wilderness area must be minimised, yet educational opportunities (for Ia) and the well-being of visitors (for Ib) are part of the criteria for the mentioned categories, there could be potential conflicts between nature protection objectives and the activities resulting from an educational and recreational obligation (visitor management and guidance). As part of the LIFE project carried out for the establishment of the wilderness area, visitor surveys were made. They showed that the area around the Dürrenstein was mostly a regional recreation area. The number of visitors has remained widely the same in the last 50 years despite slight fluctuations. An increase in the level of popularity of the protected area, following the Category I recognition, could alter the situation. A possible consequence of a larger number of visitors would be the effect on habitats i.e. a disturbance of the wild animals living in the wilderness area. In particular hoofed game, red deer, deer and chamois but also rare birds such as capercaillie or black grouse could be affected. The result of increased disturbance is species extinction or in the case of hoofed game (forest)ecological damage, which cannot be tolerated in such a small wilderness area. In order to counteract the negative effects of a positive visitor development in the wilderness area, appropriate standards must be set for visitor management. For this, measures for visitor guidance should not only be applied inside the wilderness area, but also partly in its forefield. Only thus may the demands of nature protection on an effective visitor management be met. Therefore, basic – from the point of view of the protected area management, very moderate – principles were fixed for the wilderness area itself: • Visitor information on the protection objective • Monitoring of the development of the recreational use • Gentle guidance instead of orders (marked trails) • Discussion of arising utilisation conflicts with all parties concerned. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 438 |
Serial |
2282 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Simma, A.; Schlich, R.; Axhausen, K.W., |
| Title |
Destination Choice Modelling of Leisure Trips: The Case of Switzerland |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
150-158 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
In this paper the destination choice of Swiss within Switzerland is analysed. Information about variables influencing destination choice for different activity should be the result of the modelling process. The analyses are based on three pillars. A detailed database for all Swiss municipalities is the first pillar, nation wide demand data the second pillar. Additionally a suitable method is necessary. Because destination choice is a choice between discrete alternatives, Multi-nominal Logit models are used. Models for three different activity types – skiing, climbing and hiking respectively walking and swimming are estimated. In all models the importance of the distance between origin and destination becomes visible. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 458 |
Serial |
2292 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Steiner, W.; Parz-Gollner, R., |
| Title |
Actual Numbers and Effects of Recreational Disturbance on the Distribution and Behaviour of Greylag Geese (Anser Anser) in the “Neusiedler See – Seewinkel” Nationalpark Area |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
89-94 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
The Neusiedler See – Seewinkel National Park area is confronted with a remarkable increase in tourism and recreational activities during the last years. The „Koppel“ area, situated on the eastern shore of the lake, is one of the most important breeding sites for Greylag Geese. Behaviour and distribution of the geese on the breeding site as well as touristic activities on the adjacent road leading along the „Koppel“ were examined to investigate relations and interactions between the Greylag Goose population and tourism. Taking into account the excellent weather and breeding conditions in the year 2000 the results of the survey indicate a stable or even rising Greylag population, increasing numbers of visitors and high disturbance frequencies in the vicinity of the study area. The number of disturbances on the adjacent road seems to affect the suitability of the site in general, leading to a specific temporal and spatial distribution of the birds, whereas different disturbance qualities result in changes of the birds behaviour. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 440 |
Serial |
2283 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Suchant, R.; Schäfer, A., |
| Title |
Integrating Tourism and Grouse Habitat Protection in the Black Forest |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
95-101 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
This project illustrates methods for combining tourism and conservation. The project area of 8.000 hectares is a popular central European tourist attraction. It is also NATURA 2000 area and habitat of the hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia L.) and capercaille (Tetrao urogallus L.). Grouse species are used as indicators for environmental features such as diversity, natural character and beauty of the landscape. A catalogue of integrated actions was coordinated in a two-phase method based on detailed inventories of the landscape ecology, tourist use, the habitat and distribution of grouse species: The first step was to tune the measures for habitat improvement within a spatial concept with rest zones for wildlife in which silvicultural measures should improve habitat structures. The second step was coordination with local authorities and NGO’s to concentrate and improve the tourist infrastructure outside these rest zones. The result of the project (begun in 1998) has been a win-win-situation: improvement of habitat structures as well as improved offer for tourism. Conservation and the utilization of nature are no longer regarded as contradictory. The dynamic of a spatial concept based on scientific results allows all the various interest parties to work together. The project is supported by EU’s “LIFE-Nature” programme. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 442 |
Serial |
2284 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Visschedijk, P.A.M.; Henkens, R.J.H.G., |
| Title |
Recreation Monitoring at the Dutch Forest Service |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
65-67 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
In 1996 the former Institute for Forestry and Nature Research (now Alterra) started to develop a system to monitor the recreational use of forests and other grounds owned by the Dutch forest service. The aim was to determine the number of visitors, their activities and the percepted quality. This information provides a valuable management tool for targeting of resources. The system uses three methods to gather the information: 1. Monitoring vehicle and bicycle use at the sites by using traffic counters with induction loops installed in the road (all year round). 2. Visual counting of visitors at all entrances (on 12 days during the year). 3. Survey of visitors (on 12 days during the year). When the system is fully implemented their will be a network of 48 sites. All of these will be monitored by using this method once in every 10 years, on average 5 sites a year. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 430 |
Serial |
2278 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Wyttenbach, M., Graf, R.F., Sigrist, B., Karlen, B., Rupf, R. |
| Title |
Mountain biking and wildlife – disturbance experiments with roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Switzerland |
Type |
|
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 8 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
444-447 |
| Keywords |
MMV8 |
| Abstract |
In addition to being the main habitat of European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), forests provide diverse and outstanding settings for recreational activities such as hiking, horse riding and mountain biking (Jacsman, 1990). The effects of new patterns of recreational use such as night rides with bright floodlights are hotly discussed topics associated with the management of recreational forests. Animal ecology so far has mainly focused on spatio-temporal behaviour of individuals in undisturbed remote areas, while research on human behaviour mainly focused on visitor conflicts in highly frequented recreational forests (Arnberger, 2006). Therefore, our knowledge about the effects of new recreational activities on wildlife is currently insufficient. We studied the effects of mountain biking events on the immediate spatio-temporal reaction and subsequent habitat use of roe deer. Furthermore, we compared the effect of on-trail mountain bike events with other disturbance events that occurred off-trail such as hunting, orienteering and on site observations. |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
4001 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Miljkovic, Lj., Miljkovic, Dj., Lukic, T., Bozic, S., Stojstavljevic, R., Bjelajac, D., Micic, T. |
| Title |
Protected natural areas and geoheritage of Homolje – an overview |
Type |
|
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 8 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
422-424 |
| Keywords |
MMV8 |
| Abstract |
Homolje is one of the most outstanding geomorphological areas of Eastern Serbia, surrounded by Beljanica Mountain on the South, Homoljske Mountains on the North, Black summit on the East and Gornjacke Mountains on the West. According to Spatial plan of the Republic of Serbia, Homolje represents an area of protected natural values with specific geo and biodiversity of national importance. The Central Registry of protected natural assets of Homolje encompasses the following natural assets: The Spring of Zagubica (The Mlava Spring), Homolje intermittent (rhythmic) spring, The Krupaj Spring, Uvala Busovata, The Osanicka River Gorge and The Samar Karst Bridge. |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
3994 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Viswanathan, N.K., Vogel, R.M., Li, S., Wang, A.Z. |
| Title |
Sustainable Coastal Tourism on Long Island – A Preliminary Study |
Type |
|
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 8 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
370-371 |
| Keywords |
MMV8 |
| Abstract |
This pilot study, part of a two year project funded by the New York Sea Grant identified two coastal cities on Long Island. Based on survey data the study examined the demographic characteristics of tourists and attempted to understand their motivation for visiting Long Island. The survey instrument consisted of twenty questions and the tourists to be surveyed were selected at random at the tourist site in the two cities. The questions measured many variables including the following, tourism attraction preferences, reasons for visiting, communication medium through which the tourist was exposed to the destination, family size and age, the preferences for different types of attractions and activities. |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
3976 |
| Permanent link to this record |
