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	Author	Backman, E., Arnegård, J., Sandell, K.,
	Title	Outdoor adventure- and lifestyle sports			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	370-371
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 538			Serial	2982
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Beekhoven, J.,
	Title	Financing dedicated recreational areas in the urban proximate environment			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	372-373
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 539			Serial	2983
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	Author	Benkhard, B., Szabó, B.,
	Title	Do we need mapping of tourist flows? Lessons from Börzsöny Mountain			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	374-375
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 540			Serial	2984
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	Author	Carter, M., Martin, K., Wood, L., Samson, J.,
	Title	Observing children’s play in Naturescape: Key findings relating to social and environmental interaction			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	376-376
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 541			Serial	2985
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	Author	Hibner, J.,
	Title	The conditions of development and tourism management in Polish mountain national parks included in the “Man and the Biosphere” programme			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	377-377
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 542			Serial	2986
Permanent link to this record



	Author	da Silva Jesus, J., Zimmermann, A.,
	Title	Planning and management of visitor impacts in traditional communities in the Reserva Extrativista do Rio Unini, Amazonas, Brasil			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	378-379
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 543			Serial	2987
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kmiecik-Wrobel, J.,
	Title	Equestrian tourism in Niepolomice Forest – conditions of development and its impact on natural environment			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	380-381
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 544			Serial	2988
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	Author	Kubo, T., Shoji, Y., Takimoto, K., Suzuki, H., Osada, M.,
	Title	Understanding residents’ risk perceptions associated with fatal brown bear accidents: A case study in Shibetsu town, northern Japan			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	382-383
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 545			Serial	2989
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	Author	Kurita, K.,
	Title	Management of protected areas in urban fringe area of Tama Hills, Tokyo, Japan			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	384-385
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 546			Serial	2990
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	Author	Li, C., Wang, C., Burns, R., Chick, G.,
	Title	Cross-cultural models of customer services: The case of Taiwan and U.S. forest recreation visitors			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	386-387
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 547			Serial	2991
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	Author	Mucha, D., Halpenny, E.,
	Title	Exploring the human dimension: visitor use analysis of Willmore Wilderness Park, Alberta, Canada			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	388-389
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 548			Serial	2992
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	Author	Orsi, F., Geneletti, D.,
	Title	On the use of geotagged photographs and GIS analysis for detecting travel patterns in protected areas			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	390-391
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 549			Serial	2993
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	Author	Rodrigues, Á., Rodrigues, A., Fernandes, F.,
	Title	“Night walks” and rural development: A Case Study of Alentejo, Portugal			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	392-393
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 550			Serial	2994
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	Author	von Ruschkowski, E., Arnberger, A., Burns, R., Elands, B., Salasová, A.,
	Title	Internationalizing academic training in parks and protected area management through the EU’s ERASMUS programme			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	394-395
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 551			Serial	2995
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	Author	Schaller, H., Ólafsdóttir, R., Sigurgeirsdóttir, S.,
	Title	Trends in protected area management: Policies and the reality at national parks in Iceland and Japan			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	396-397
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 552			Serial	2996
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Schneider, I., Earing, J., Martinson, K.,
	Title	Understanding the recreational horseback riding experience: Motivations, conflict and response to conflict			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	398-399
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 553			Serial	2997
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	Author	Skår, M., Gundersen, V., Stordahl, G., Pareliussen, I., Bischoff, A., Follo, G., O’Brian, L., Worthington, R.,
	Title	How do children experience nature? Meaning-making and socialization to outdoor life			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	400-401
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 554			Serial	2998
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	Author	Taczanowska, K., Garcia-Massó, X., Pellicer-Chenoll, M., González, L., Toca-Herrera, J.,
	Title	Quantification of the physical activity and physiological constants during hiking in peri-urban recreational areas of Vienna			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	402-403
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 555			Serial	2999
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	Author	Takayama, N., Matsushima, H., Petrova, E., Ueda, H., Nakajima, T., Furuya, K., Aoki, Y.,
	Title	Differences in environmental attitudes between Russia and Japan			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	404-405
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 556			Serial	3000
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Tamme, T.,
	Title	An overview of outdoor learning in Estonia			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	406-407
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 557			Serial	3001
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Velojic, M.,
	Title	The definition of visitor product in Special Nature Reserve “Obedska bara”			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	408-409
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 558			Serial	3002
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	Author	Vukolov, V., Woodward, D.,
	Title	Incorporating the 7 Summits transcontinental project into the curricula of higher education institutions in Kazakhstan			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	410-411
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 559			Serial	3003
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	Author	Lehto, C.; Hedblom, M.; Ockinger, E.; Reinus, T.,
	Title	In search of a human habitat: using machine learning to explore the role of landscape characteristics in human outdoor recreation			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	32-33
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	As the importance of outdoor recreation increasingly has been recognized due to its positive effect on human well-being and health there has been a renewed focus on how to ensure that the natural and cultural landscape can produce sufficient recreational opportunities. This is especially true in urban environments, where high land use pressure due to urbanisation often has lead to the loss of green space. To ensure that the managed landscape can supply recreational opportunities requires an understanding of what landscape characteristics (such as type and composition of land cover, topology and heterogeneity) are drivers of different kinds of outdoor recreation. Previous research in the field has to a large degree focused on establishing preferences of different kinds of environments e.g. by showing people photo- graphs and asking questions (Gundersen and Frivold 2008); recently an increasing number of studies have been employing Public Participatory GIS-approaches to collect large amounts of data on human landscape usage (e.g Korpilo, Virtanen, and Lehvävirta (2017)). Still, most such studies are linked to specific areas (e.g. a single national park) or only looking at specific features (e.g. forest type, openness, heterogeneity).
	Call Number				Serial	4211
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	Author	Kohori, T.; Yamamoto, K.; Tamashima, Y.,
	Title	Visitors awareness and behavior regarding donations for Mount Ibuki conservation: A comparative study between climbers and car users			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	34-35
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Resource managers seek to protect both visitor experiences as well as natural and cultural resources. There are three main categories of income for the management of conservation resources: societal taxes, toll road charges, and donations. However, donations are less contributive in most cases (Eagles, 2009). In Japan, there are a few compulsory collection systems, and most of them are based on voluntary donations. This study investigated the aware- ness and behavior of visitors with respect to donations for Mount Ibuki conservation and compared them between climbers and car users.
	Call Number				Serial	4212
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	Author	Saga, A.; Aikoh, Y.; Hayasaka, S.; Ito, M.,
	Title	Risk communication as a measure to develop adventure tourism in Ja…			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	36-37
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	The global market for adventure tourism (AT) was steadily growing before the COVID-19 pandemic broke out in early 2020. The market is expected to recover most quickly in the tourism arena because AT is realized as small group tours in amidst nature. Adventure tourism was in fact introduced in Japan several years ago. This study introduces the reason that AT has not been included in commercial tourism and seeks a way to develop AT in Japan. To realize this, risk communication is examined through a case study that focuses on hiking.
	Call Number				Serial	4213
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	Author	Dehez, J.; Lyser, S.,
	Title	Comparing participation in different invasive aquatic plant management programs among recreational users of freshwater lakes in southwest France			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	38-39
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Alien species can have major ecological and socioec- onomic impacts and so effective management are needed. In this perspective, one increasingly seeks to involve end users, such a recreational users (Shackle- ton, Adriaens et al. 2019). Recreational users may share valuable knowledge about the ecological eco- systems at stake. They have time, materials and money to afford. In the literature, several studies have looked at factors that increase user involve- ment highlighting the effect of variables such as e.g. perceptions, information, or education. Neverthe- less, these behaviors are often studied separately or, conversely, grouped into a single category called “pro-environmental behaviors” (Halpenny 2010). Without excluding the possibility of common factors affecting these behaviors, we consider that behav- iors are not necessarily homogeneous. In particular, the nature of the operations to be carried out may be very important (Niemiec, Ardoin et al. 2017, Pa- gès, Fischer et al. 2019). This is what we study in de- tail in this paper.
	Call Number				Serial	4214
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	Author	Radakovitz, K.; Taczanowska, K.; Brendenburg, C.,
	Title	Recreational use vs nature protection in mountain protected areas – a case study of the Rax area, Vienna Alps, Austria			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	40-40
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	The Rax mountain is a popular leisure and recreation area in the eastern part of Austria. In this region mountaineering has a long tradition and the area is used by a lot of visitors for different kinds of leisure time activities during the summer and winter months. The Rax mountain not only has a particular importance to leisure and recreation, due to the advantageous geological conditions it belongs to the watershed of the First Vienna Spring Water Main and therefore the Rax is declared as a water protection area. To enable the interests of leisure and nature conservation equally as well as to ensure the high grade of water quality, profound knowledge of visitors sociodemographic structures, individual behavior and the spatial distribution is crucial.
	Call Number				Serial	4215
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	Author	Kojima, S.; Kurita, K.,
	Title	Management and restoration with visitors on Japans Shikoku Pilgrimage paths			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	42-42
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Management and conservation of Japans Shikoku Pilgrimage paths is getting more important in order to restore its historical way of pilgrim on foot as well as the new way of pilgrimage by car or bicycle. Au- thors investigated the present situation of 1,200km- long pilgrimage with 88 temples in Shikoku Island passing through several national parks and protected areas, which is proposed to be listed as an UNESCO World Heritage (cultural heritage) site.
	Call Number				Serial	4216
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	Author	Kim, J.; Lee, J.,
	Title	Do the participants truly prefer an outdoor education? – A study on indoor forest education online programs in the COVID-19 era			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	44-45
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	COVID-19 pandemic and the Social distancing, there have been inevitable changes in Koreas Forest education program that usually provided face-to-face interaction. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the changes in forest education programs during COVID-19 and determine the effectiveness of forest services in the online communication environment, which have not been experienced before. The real-time 2 hours online programs were developed and implemented by nationally certified 30 forest education experts from August 8 to October 31, 2020. Program participants communicated with forest education experts through online screens and chats, and 4202 people in total participated in 100 different programs were surveyed and analyzed. Participants could join in the broadcast with the link sent by the project institute. The programs were classified totally by educational method(Figure 1a), topic(Figure 1b), environmental characteristics of the venue, and geographic location. The forest education experts behavior and participants responses were followed up simultaneously, and the satisfaction levels were analyzed after completion of the programs. According to the study, three types of the method by only voice(58.0%), alone(12.0%), more than one person(30.0%) showed up. With regard to the topic of program development, mainly included somewhat passive programs such as walking(37.6%) and eco-crafts(20.5%). Parks(31.2%) and forests(28.6%) were preferred as venues, and the majority of the programs were conducted at the outskirts of cities(62.9%). The interview for the satisfaction revealed that the forest interpreters were dissatisfied with dealing with excessive amounts of the program running time for 2 hours. The participants were not happy with the quality of the broadcasts image, and the project institute experienced technical issues with the transmission of the broadcast network. However, under the limited conditions because of the COVID-19, the participants were able to experience the natural scenery, and the forest interpreters had the opportunity to proceed online programs were answered positively. In conclusion, the capabilities of forest interpreters and types of program content provided in the offline era have evolved to provide high-quality video and broadcast content in the current era of online communication. It was concluded that changes are essential to meet the increased demand for online forest education programs. Further research in on-line forest programs should develop and confirm these initial findings by revealing the effectiveness of each programs.
	Call Number				Serial	4217
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	Author	Irwin, J.; Morrison, C.; Castley, G.; Pickering, C.,
	Title	People engaging with biodiversity in urban parks: insights from citizen science and social media for birds			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	46-47
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Bird watching, or avitourism, is both a highly popular form of nature-based tourism as well as a recreation activity undertaken by hundreds of thousands of people, including in Australia (Lopez et al., 2020; Steven et al., 2015). Many people engaging in bird watching do so in their local area, and as a result bird watching is a popular pastime in many urban parks and other green spaces in cities. These often smaller and fragmented spaces are (i) easy to access and popular places for people to visit regularly, and (ii) able to support relatively high levels of biodiversity in otherwise low diversity urban landscapes (Catterall et al., 2010). Monitoring where people engage with nature in cities including bird watching can be challenging due to the diversity of locations and multiple ways people access and traverse them. Surveys and other methods have been used to assess the popularity of bird watching and other activities in urban parks and more broadly (Pickering et al., 2020). Recently researchers have started to utilize citizen science and social media records of birds as a way to assess where people engage with nature including in cities (Lopez et al., 2020). Here we compare two sources of data – the popular citizen science app/website iNaturalist, and images posted to the social media platform Flickr to assess how such data could be used to understand where people are bird watching. We use the large subtropical city of Bris- bane, Australia as a case study as it contains high bird diversity, many urban parks, bird watching is popular (Catterall et al., 2010) and there are hundreds of geolocated records associated with images of birds available on the two platforms for the city.
	Call Number				Serial	4218
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	Author	Schagner, J. P.; Spenceley, A.; Engels, B.; Berkkonen, J.; Job, H.; Kajala, L.; Majewski, L.; Metzler, D.; Mayer, M.; Rylance, A.; Scheder, N.; Smith-Christensen, C.; Souza, T. B.; Thomas, C. C.; Woltering, M.,
	Title	A new guideline: “Visitors count! Guidance for protected areas on the economic analysis of visitation”			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	48-49
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	This paper introduces a guideline: “Visitors count! Guidance for protected areas on the economic analysis of visitation”[i] published by by German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) and UNESCO. The guideline aims at providing all knowledge needed for measuring economic impacts of tourism in protected areas (PA). The objectives are to provide essential knowledge about:• How to evaluate economic effects of tourism in PAs;• How to do visitor counting;• How to do visitor surveys;• How economic analysis works, and how to do it;• How to best report and communicate findings and• How to use findings for establishing sustainable PA tourism management strategies.The guideline targets PA managers, their respective natural and cultural heritage agencies, practitioners, academia, consultancies, international stakeholders and donor agencies. It is currently translated into a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC). Within a series of online webinars over several months participants will acquire all relevant knowledge to conduct PA tourism economic impact assessment and a successful final exam will be certified.
	Call Number				Serial	4219
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	Author	Sitarz, M.; Krol, M.; Kauzal, P.,
	Title	Monitoring of tourist traffic during the SARS-CoV-19 pandemic in the Tatra Na tional Park, Poland			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	50-51
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	The Tatra National Park is the fifth largest national park in Poland with the area of 211 km2. Any kind of human activities is limited to the 275 km of tourist trails and specially designed areas for hiking, skiing or climbing. Over the years the total number of tourist visiting the park has been gradually growing. However in 2020 with the outbreak of the Sars-CoV-2 pandemic it might seemed that the total number of tourists could decrease due to the temporary restrictions of traveling to the other cities and closure of hotels, guesthouses and restaurants. The borders were also temporary closed. For short period of time even the Tatra National Park was closed, at the beginning only for tourists outside Zakopane and surrounding villages but later also for local residents. The aim of this research is to present the observation of tourist traffic in 2020 during the Sars-CoV-2 pandemic and comparison to the year 2019.
	Call Number				Serial	4220
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	Author	Kajikawa, M.; Miyasaka, T.; Kubota, Y.; Oba, A.; Miyasaja, K.,
	Title	Quantifying nationality bias in data from different social media platforms for visitor monitoring in Nikko National Park, Japan			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	52-53
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Nature-based tourism in protected areas has grown worldwide in recent years, but excessive use of natural areas can result in their degradation or loss. Visitor management should be based on proper monitoring data to achieve quality experiences for visitors without damaging nature resources. Visitor data are typically collected through field surveys, but budget and human resource constraints can limit the spatiotemporal resolution of survey data. Geotagged photos and messages posted on social media by visitors have attracted attention as useful sources of information with high spatiotemporal resolution. Previous studies, however, have raised concerns that biases in social media data arising from the sociodemographic attributes of posters can create challenges in determining who and what the social media data represent, and in interpreting this data in a reliable way. The present study focused on nationality bias, i.e., differences between the nationality of actual visitors versus the nationality of those visitors who post on social media. Nationality bias can arise due to significant differences in the use of social media from country to country (including the proportion of the population using social media). Cultural and values differences between countries can also greatly influence visitor behavior, and these gaps may lead to over- or under-estimation of visitors from specific countries or regions. However, nationality bias is not fully understood because few studies have explicitly considered it until now (e.g., Heikinheimo et al., 2017; Sinclair et al., 2020). In addition, the previous studies were confined to protected areas where the majority of visitors were from Europe.
	Call Number				Serial	4221
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	Author	Gomes, P.; Moura, M.; Mendes, R. N., Ventura, M. A.,
	Title	Did low-cost companies in the Azores provided an increase in the practice of recreational activities in nature? – Trail Running and Geocaching in São Miguel Island as a case-study			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	54-55
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Natural landscapes are among the greatest tourist attractions all over the world. Nature is a way to re-gain energies from the stress experienced in urban areas. In the Azores archipelago, the nature-based tourism is one of the main touristic products of the islands, according to the Strategic and Marketing Plan for Tourism in the Azores. The liberalization of the Azorean airspace in 2015 to low-cost airlines, helped to boost the tourism industry in the archipelago, with a focus on nature-based activities such as nature sports and adventure events (e.g. MTB and Trail Running epic races). Other landscape outdoor activities such as Geocaching have also developed, the latter reaching about 2000 geocaches placed in many touristic locations of the islands. Here we analyzed two nature sports, Trail Running, a pedestrian run performed on trails in natural areas, with one of the essential elements of this race being the practitioners approach to nature; and Geocaching, which is a treasure hunt of modern times, practiced all over the world, where all it takes is a spirit of adventure and equipment with a GPS receiver, using the coordinates to provide hidden containers (geocaches) and share the experience of your online adventure.
	Call Number				Serial	4222
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	Author	Sitarz, M.; Kauzal, P.; Kot, M.; Krol, M.; Matysek, M.; Rabiasz, J.; Zieba, A.; Kozica, T. Z.,
	Title	Sewage management in remote protected areas: high mountain challenge			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	58-69
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Protected areas around the world have to deal with the problem of tourist pressure. Providing access to the most valuable natural areas has a great impact on the environment. This task is especially difficult in the core zones of the protected areas which are remote and far from the urbanized zones. One of the many identified threats associated with the intense tourist traffic is sewage pollution (Lebersorger et al. 2010, Weissenbacher 2008, Andreottola 2003). In the Tatra National Park the problem of sewage pollution becomes more and more crucial over the years. The reason of that is gradually rising number of tourists (almost 4 million of tourists in 2019 and 2020) who visit not only tourist trails and other specially dedicated areas but also trespassing the fragile natural habitats. In mountain shelters, located in the core zone and mostly in remote areas generally biological wastewater treatment plants are used, which very often hardly deal with the enormous amount of sewage. What is more faecal contamination occurs also nearby the tourist trails. As a result this situation is causing pressure on the nature, including the pollution of streams and ponds. Around the world there are many different solutions regarding the sewage management. The aim of this research is to gather and analyse these solutions in order to recommend the best options for the protected areas, especially remote.
	Call Number				Serial	4224
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	Author	Bourdeau, P.; Chanteloup, L.; Civiaz, C.; Langenbacj, M.,
	Title	Mountain huts as observatories of tourism transition			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	60-61
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	In the face of the cumulative effects of climate and societal changes, mountain touristic development is currently experiencing a strong adaptive injunction of mountain tourism destinations. Alpine tourism development model based on seasonal snow resources and winter sports resorts is subject to uncertainties and weaknesses that brought it to a tipping point (Bourdeau, 2007; Clivaz & al., 2015). These call into question existing economic balances, territorial dynamics and mountain policies. In this tipping phenomenon, climate change acts as an amplifier and accelerator of structural contradictions, especially as its multiple effects combine themselves with societal, socio-cultural and technological changes. In this context, tourism is faced with a major transitional challenge having both spatial and temporal characteristics. This structural redefinition of the foundations of mountain tourism suffers from a major lack of knowledge on the governance and visitor flows of less-developed mountain areas. What is at stake is a transition trajectory based on a territorial rebalancing between less-developed mountain areas and developed mountain areas, which appears particularly strategic on the scale of the Swiss and French Alps. In this presentation we will present a French-Swiss research project called Mountain huts as observatories of the tourism transition. The repositioning of less-developed mountain areas and their related professions in the French-Swiss Alps (HutObsTour).
	Call Number				Serial	4225
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	Author	Shimazaki, Y.; Crowley, C.,
	Title	What do website review activities imply about natural park users?			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	62-63
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Information-provision is a low-cost way of potentially affecting levels of park use. Providing information about amenities at various parks, along with information on current conditions can affect users choices of where to visit [Shimazaki and Crowley (2014)]. This is similar to how profit maximizing firms provide information (often as advertisements) to attract consumers. However, this tool may not always be used effectively by non-profit-maximizing park managers. Shimazaki et al. (2017) quantified the amount of information available on Japanese national park web sites created by the government managing authority, and investigated the relationship between information and the degree of national park use. They found that the amount of information posted on the authoritys web site is not related to the park visitation. Some internet services provide a platform to exchange information. Social network services allow users to transmit information not only among people with which the user has an established relationship, but also more widely, among people with no previous contact. Other internet services are specially designed to allow people to post public reviews of what they purchased or experienced.Such information on the internet often reflects peoples preferences, based on what they find worth mentioning, providing an indication of their underlying utility functions. For non-marketed goods like public goods and common resources, uncovering the factors affecting peoples perceived quality of experience is crucial for the management of resources. In this study, we investigate what information are park users are transmitting, focusing on subjective information such as user reviews from internet travel services. We also investigate the correlation between the number of review activities and the official visitor counts of parks to see if review activities can be used for estimating the number of park visits. The results of this study would help park management authorities seeking to optimize park user experiences, for example through information provision.
	Call Number				Serial	4226
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	Author	Machida, R.; Aikoh, T.; Take, M.; Matsushima, H.; Yasushi, S.; Mikami, N.; Mitarai, Y.,
	Title	Volunteer activities for semi-natural grassland conservation in Japan and the impact of COVID-19 on these activities			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	64-65
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	The changes in the landscape are caused by the economic and social forces of the early 19th century and particularly of the 20th century (Matej M., Frantisek P., 2013). The community of Nezasa (Pleioblastus yoshidake) and Susuki (Miscanthus sinensis) plants forming the typical semi-natural grasslands of Japan used to cover approximately 10% of the land of Japan until the 1930s. The semi-natural grasslands have been managed by local agricultural activities such as controlled burning, mowing and pasturage for over 1000 years, but recently, due to the decline in the livestock industry and the gradually aging population, the landscape management of semi-natural grasslands has become increasingly difficult. The loss of semi-natural grasslands, which have decreased to less than 3% of the national land has become a key issue. In the Second National Biodiversity Strategy of Japan, the Japanese government designated such landscape crisis as Crisis 2, which is “the degradation of Satochi-satoyama (rural landscapes formed by sustainable use of natural resources) due to insufficient level of management”.(Ministry of the Environment, 2012). But recently, due to the decline in the livestock industry and the gradually aging population, the landscape management of semi-natural grasslands has become increasingly difficult. The loss of semi-natural grasslands, which have decreased to less than 3% of the national land has become a key issue.
	Call Number				Serial	4227
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	Author	Deng, J.,
	Title	Estimating visit volume at the county level: An application of a variant form of the Lincoln Index method			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	66-67
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	It is important to have an accurate estimate of visit volume to a destination. While this may be easily done for a place with controlled gates and/or with ticket sales, it is a major challenge for a destination (e.g., a county) without gate counts. This study uses a variant form of the Lincoln Index method to estimate visit volume for Garrett County, Maryland based on data collected from two survey periods: 2008-2009 and 2019-2020.
	Call Number				Serial	4228
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	Author	Vrsaljko, A.,
	Title	Krka National Parks biodiversity as basis for wildlife tourism development			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	68-69
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Krka National Park, a karst hydrological pearl of the Croatian coast with its distinctive geological, geo- morphological, hydrological and biological richness, was declared a National Park in 1985. The geomorphological playfulness of the river Krka with the karst canyon along with 7 magnificent waterfalls with numerous lakes, rapids and cascades create an unreal and unique landscape pearl which generates a rich biological diversity. However, the tourist offer of the park does not differentiate or implement specific forms of tourism such as wildlife tourism, which is why the paper investigates the perception of visitors about the valorization of the parks biodiversity as a paradigm for the development of wildlife tourism; especially since the park is filled with a number of valuable, rare and endemic species. The research maps out the species habitats and proposes a unique programme for the visitors which prefer the wildlife tourism.
	Call Number				Serial	4229
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