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Author Goossen, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Smart monitoring visitors National Parks Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 240-241  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The Dutch government is reintroducing policy for the 20 National Parks. The aim is to develop the National Parks into a strong brand. The reason behind it is the claim that a National Park contributes to the regional economy. There is a clear need from the managers of National Parks to understand how that contribution works. Insights from the external factors, combined with information about its current users and stakeholders and market research data will help the manager, but also local enterprises to choose relevant target markets. There is therefore a need for the development of a tool that brings the benefits of a National Park in a simple, affordable and reliable manner. The tool consists of Key Performance Indicators (KPI). Key Performance Indicators will determine how well the National park is meeting its objectives (Wearing & Schweinsberg, 2016).  
  Call Number Serial 3934  
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Author Godwin, D.; Hughes, M.; Kobryn, H., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Snorkeller attitudes and behaviours at two popular sites in Ningaloo Reef Marine Park, northern Western Australia. Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 138-139  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Globally, coral reefs play various important roles. Despite only occupying ~0.2% of the surface of the ocean, coral reefs are home to diverse species, provide ecosystem services and generate income for millions of people (Cesar et al., 2003). Approximately 18% of all coral reef habitats are in marine protected areas. While marine protected area management commonly seeks to balance conservation and human use, there are ongoing concerns about human activity impacts, including recreational uses like snorkelling. The World Heritage-listed Ningaloo Reef Marine Park, in northern Western Australia, receives approximately 179,000 visitors annually, with snorkelling rated as the most important and popular recreational activity in the Marine Park (Jones et al., 2011). Although snorkelling is generally considered a low-impact activity, growing evidence suggests that certain behaviours, including fin kicks, brushes, grabs, and sitting, standing or kneeling on corals, may damage coral colonies, which are slow to recover (Webler & Jakubowski, 2016). While previous studies looked at how snorkellers impact Ningaloo Reef, few have looked at behavioural drivers to understand why.  
  Call Number Serial 4262  
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Author Saparbayev, S.K.; Woodward, D.B., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title (up) Snow leopard (Uncia uncia) as an indicator species and increasing recreation loads in the Almaty Nature Reserve Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 511-515  
  Keywords MMV4, Snow leopard (Uncia uncia), Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica), Almaty Nature Reserve, Kazakhstan, ecotrail  
  Abstract The purpose of this research is to analyze the data on ecology, biology and dynamics of snow leopard population in the Almaty Nature Reserve and to identify if the increasing numbers of ecotourists could contribute to the decrease of Uncia uncia population. The results of the study show that increasing recreation loads in the Reserve and adjacent territories elevate the disturbance level to the snow leopard’s main prey Siberian Ibex and to the predator itself that could result in a decrease of population of this endangered species or its total extinction.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1114 Serial 2678  
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Author Ankre, R. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Snowmobiling and free riding in the Jamtland mountains, Sweden Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 87-89  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract This project investigates conflicts over land use in the context of the Jämtland mountain region, Sweden where tensions due to snowmobiling and free riding are increasing. The study takes a planning and management perspective.  
  Call Number Serial 4065  
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Author Freuler Benjamin; Hunziker, M.; Gutscher, H., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title (up) Snowshoeing in Protected Areas: Bridging the Gap between Attitude and Behaviour Type
  Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 293-294  
  Keywords MMV3, Recreational conflicts, social influence, attitude-behaviour consistency, snowshoeing, protected areas, quasi-experimental design  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 724 Serial 2485  
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Author Bandeira Diniz, F.K., de Souza Pimentel, D. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Social Carrying Capacity at a Brazilian Protected Area Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 39-41  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The modern societies reencounter the nature’s social representation in protected areas. Thus, there is a new enchantment with natural environments and concepts’ redefinition (Borrie 2012). According to this social archetype, the protected areas assume this main goal of biological diversity protection and ecosystems process maintenance (Dudley 2008). But even the most conscious visitors leave marks of their presence. A possible management action to protect resources and improve the visitor experience is to limit the number of visitors by calculating the social carrying capacity. This concept it refers to the number of visitors that can be accommodated in a protected area at the same time ensuring a satisfactory experience (Boullon 1997). The objective of this paper is to present the social carrying capacity of a high visited site in a Brazilian Park.  
  Call Number Serial 3872  
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Author Arnberger, A.; Haider, W.; Muhar, A., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title (up) Social Carrying Capacity of an Urban Park in Vienna Type
  Year 2004 Publication Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 2 - Proceedings Issue Pages 361-368  
  Keywords MMV2  
  Abstract The goal of this research was to investigate the social carrying capacity of an urban park in Vienna, Austria. We used a stated choice approach, combined with a referendum style conjoint model. Based on the hypothesis that the perception of crowding is influenced by several factors, digitally calibrated images were generated to depict in a systematic and rigorous manner different visitor numbers, user types, group sizes, the placement of visitors within the scene, numbers of dogs on or off leash, and the direction of visitor movement. The social carrying capacity was measured by asking each respondent whether the presented scenario was acceptable or not. Overall, visitor numbers, the placement of visitors within the image, and dogs being on or off a leash influenced the visitors’ decisions the most. The results of the binomial logit model can be used to simulate and calculate the visitor norms for many different situations; in other words, the referendum style conjoint approach delivers recreation norms within a truly multivariate investigative framework.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 286 Serial 2351  
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Author Sterl, P.; Wagner, S.; Arnberger, A., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title (up) Social Carrying Capacity of Canoeists in Austria´s Danube Floodplains National Park Type
  Year 2004 Publication Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 2 - Proceedings Issue Pages 256-263  
  Keywords MMV2  
  Abstract Increasing recreational activities in National Parks affect natural resources as well as the recreational quality. In the Danube Floodplains National Park, stagnant waters, such as the Stopfenreuter and Spittelauer Arm, are a crucial component for ecological integrity, and at the same time constitute a main visitor attraction. In the summers of 2002 and 2003 a visitor survey investigated the perceived crowding of canoeists and whether the social carrying capacity is exceeded. Results of this study are that the social carrying capacity of this area has obviously been reached at certain times.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 350 Serial 2383  
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Author Latosinska, B., Brandenburg, C., Czachs, C., Muhar, A., Grabowski, M., Sobanska, E., Pikus, A., Rothert, M., Taczanowska, K. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Social media dynamics affecting differences between online and on -site surveys: First findings from a case study in the Tricity Landscape Park, Poland Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 126-129  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Managers of parks and forestshave to optimize the allocation of resources to provide new recreational infrastructure and maintain the existing one.In order to successfully managerecreationalareas and to gain realistic view on actual visitation levels as well as visitors’ needs and expectations, it is necessary to find reliable and effective tools and methods for visitor data collection and analysis(Kajala et al., 2007,Cessford, Muhar, 2003). In recent years, the use of online surveys in outdoor recreation research as complement to traditional survey methods (on-site, mail and telephone surveys) has been significantly expanded. Comparability of data gathered from traditional paper interviewing and from online surveys is a subject of discourse in many fields of social science research (Namhun, Xiaojuan, Zvi, 2013, Dolnicar, Laesser, Matus, 2009, Yetter, Capaccioli, 2010). Personal interviewson-site survey and online survey may involve respondents with different sociodemographic profiles because of the different mode. Furthermore, both approaches differ in place and time of interviewing. On-site surveys take place during a trip in a forest and the online survey at a random moment while browsing the internet. In this setting other influencing factors may play a significant role. In outdoor recreation research sampling biases and the influence of social media dynamics on participation in online surveys and representativity of results have not yet been sufficiently researched.  
  Call Number Serial 3899  
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Author Miller, Z.; Freimund, W.F. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Social media in parks and conservation areas: A case study of “virtual visitors” from the Facebook page of Yellowstone National Park Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 234-236  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract Social media has fundamentally the way the people engage with organizations, including agencies like the National Park Service (NPS). Many organizations are trying to benefit from the huge number of people that can be reached through social media. However, we know almost nothing about the “virtual visitors” that engage with park and conservation area organizations on social media. In this presentation, we discuss some of the first empirical research conducted on virtual visitors, including their characteristics, motivations, and preferences (Miller & Freimund, 2017).  
  Call Number Serial 4117  
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Author Moreira, J.; Burns, R.; Andrew, R.; Schwarzmann, D.; Hurtado, M.; Martins, L., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Social media posts: An experience from Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, US Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 232-233  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract The US National Marine Sanctuaries newly developed visitor estimation effort (NMS-COUNT, Figure 1) engages academics, agency scientists and managers in an iterative process to research and identify visitor estimation methods applicable to a specific site (NMS-COUNT, Burns et al, 2020).The NMS-COUNT process uses multiple different data sources to estimate visitation on water and along shorelines.Data sources include visitor interviews, traffic counts, satellite data, smart buoy data, and other technological methods.As a part of this study, social media was used to better understand perceptions and use by recreationists.The objective was to identify and analyze pictures posted by visitors that were geotagged with a specific location in Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary.  
  Call Number Serial 4304  
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Author Stokowski, P., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title (up) Social networks and visitor management: A review of land an agenda for future research Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages 304-305  
  Keywords MMV5, social networks, social relationships, visitor management  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 188 Serial 2812  
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Author Zanon, D.; Curtis, J., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title (up) Societal & park recreation trends in Victoria, Australia Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages 107-108  
  Keywords MMV5, society, recreation, trends, parks  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 48 Serial 2726  
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Author Cottrell, S.P.; Raadik, J., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title (up) Socio-Cultural Benefits of Pan Parks: Case Study at Bieszscady National Park, Poland Type
  Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 135-136  
  Keywords MMV3, Sustainable development, dimensions, prism of sustainability, protected areas, PAN Parks  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 634 Serial 2441  
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Author Rodrigues Marques, N.; de Almeida Cunha, A.; Fazito, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Socio-environmental conflicts in the Cerrado Protected Areas of Chapada dos Veadeiros: a discursive treatment of tourism and development in Brazil Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 110-112  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract The critical literature on tourism development would benefit from a discursive treatment of development policy contexts (Bianchi, 2009), and more specifically in protected sites’ regions. To respond to this agenda, this ongoing research aims to analyze the socio-environmental conflicts between tourism and mining in the town of Cavalcante, in the state of Goiás. In order to address the proposed objective, we employed a Foucauldian Discourse Analysis method, seeking a deeper understanding of the empirical reality and its complexity.  
  Call Number Serial 4074  
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Author Kangas, K., Tolvanen, A., Tyrväinen, L., Tuulentie, S., Nikula, A., Kyttä, M., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title (up) Socioecological tools for the planning of tourist destinations in Kainuu, Finland Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages 348-349  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 529 Serial 2973  
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Author Karacsonyi, J.; Karacsonyi, Z., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title (up) Solutions for a new challenge in the field of visitor flows: paragliding and nature protection Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 490-490  
  Keywords MMV4, Paragliding, visitor flows, harmonization efforts, stakeholders’ workshop  
  Abstract One segment of the increasing number of visitors of nature areas are the visitors with sporting purpose. Among these the technical sports have essentially different characteristics. The relationship between exercisers of technical sports and nature, landscape involves the possibility of a non-harmonic relation and notrarely the fact of that. We delineate the characteristics of the paragliding sport its practice and its relationship with nature, landscape by examining the Hungarian situation. We review the status of the paragliding sport, the increasing number of sportsman and the paragliding clubs. We introduce the decisive authorisation procedures of paragliding (Civil Aviation Authority of Hungary, nature conservation) and its adaptation and problems. Presentation of the outcome of the workshop organized with the presence of the concerned parties (paragliders, national parks, aviation authorities) which was set up to formulate and negotiate the interest and opinion of the actors. It was the first time that a workshop gave the opportunity for the reconciliation, harmonization of the two differing demand. Tasks of the near future was formulated for create a long lasting co-operation between the paragliding sport and the demand for protecting the natural values.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1098 Serial 2670  
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Author Blazejczyk, A., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Some Problems of Tourist Activity in the Tatra National Park Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 417-420  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract Tatra Mts. is an unique alpine ridge in Poland.. The whole Polish part of Tatra is a protected area as a national park (Tatry National Park – TNP). Its area is 21,164 ha. Every year 2.5 millions of tourists visit TNP. Tourist activity is one of the factor of nature degradation in Tatras. The most transformed are the areas with the greatest tourist penetration: Morskie Oko lake, Kasprowy Wierch Mt. and Koscieliska valley. The paper presents preliminary results of the studies dealing with the problems of tourist penetration in the Morskie Oko (MO) and Kasprowy Wierch (KW) regions. In the MO area needs and desires of tourists, time budget during stay at the place and tourists’ evaluation of infrastructure were studied with the use of special questionnaires. At Kasprowy Wierch the streams of tourists were observed. The number of tourists on each tourist track crossing KW was accounted. The results of the studies point to great diversity of tourist activity in TNP (making pictures, enjoying nature, walking in the surroundings, climbing, relax). The results can be useful for managing of tourist activity, for making corrections in TNP protection system and for establishing the methods minimising degradation of tourist tracks and its surroundings.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 544 Serial 2335  
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Author Newman, P.; Miller, Z.; Levanhagen, M.; Francis, C.D.; Petrelli, A.; Abbot, L.; Shr, Y-H; Taff, B.; White, C.; Fristrup, K.; Monz, C.; McClure, C.; Barber, J. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Sounds as an element of human-coupled systems: Social-Ecological Evidence from Muir Woods National Monument Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 375-377  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract Sounds have a profound impact on both social and ecological components of the environment (Francis et al., 2017). Although many studies have studied the social and ecological soundscape components independently (Francis et al., 2017), no research has examined the coupled social-ecological impacts of natural sounds. In this presentation we discuss findings from Muir Woods National Monument (MUWO) in California, USA, that shows how both social and ecological components of the soundscape influence and are influenced by each other in a dynamic and synergistic human-natural coupled system.  
  Call Number Serial 4166  
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Author Keller, R., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Sounds like Norway: a review of research needs and future paths Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 272-272  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Many of us experience some surprise when we step off a beaten trail and into a wooded dell. Suddenly, we feel a bit closer to nature: not be-cause we have finally arrived, but because we finally hear. There has been an emphasis in re-search and conservation policy about the visual features of landscape. Yet, we hear place as much as we see it. The weaving of sounds and percep-tion within place is called the soundscape. Natu-ral soundscapes (areas mostly free of undesirable anthropogenic sounds, i.e. noise) provision hu-man wellbeing and influence positive behavior, whereas noise in nature severely degrades expe-riences connected to outdoor life (i.e.friluftsliv) and impacts wildlife. In Norway 2.1 million (40%) are exposed to outdoor noise exceeding 55dBA – a level known to drive adverse health effects- and has serious implications for effective conservation of biodiversity and diverse restorative experienc-es in national parks. Thus, parks have an increas-ing importance to harbor natural sounds and are-as free of noise. This paper presents a possible series of steps to assess and monitor natural soundscapes, following guidance provided by the US National Park Service Division of Natural Sounds, and the work of Ferraro et al. 2020, Le-venhagen et al. 2020, among others: 1. establish-ing what sounds people expect or need to hear when recreating in particular national parks and what constitutes noise (national survey); 2. inven-torying sounds using passive audio recorders (PARs) linked as a sensory array from remote to high access settings (ecological and human dis-turbance gradient); 3. linking reported friluftsliv experience with perception of place and sounds to collected acoustic data(attended listening sur-vey); 4. mapping noise proliferation in parks (PARs); 5. experimentally modify noise levels via messaging or restricting recreation equipment use to examine effects on bird distributions (point counts) human perceived (bird)biodiversity, quality, wellbeing and support for natural sounds conservation efforts (survey); 6. bring in identified important natural sounds and noise sources as indicators of soundscape quality in a management by objective framework for natural resource managers. The paper highlights how these steps may be deployed in two case studies, Femundsmarka and Rondane national parks.  
  Call Number Serial 4321  
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Author Bhatt, P.; Pickering, C., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Spatial and temporal patterns of visitation: Insights from Flickr images of Chitwan National Park, Nepal Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 262-263  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Nature-based tourism is popular including to many national parks globally (Balmford et al. 2015). To conserve these natural areas and their biodiversity, while facilitating appropriate tourism, it is important to monitor visitors including when they visit, where they go and what they value. Well established monitoring methods including surveys, direct observations, interviews, track counters, ticket sales, permits, indirect observations (e.g., cameras, satellite images) as well as newer methods such as GIS tracking and Public Participatory GIS. In the last few years, social media has started to be used to monitor visitation including in protected areas. One of the most common data sources examined so far is geolocated images posted to the photo sharing platform Flickr (Teles da Mota and Pickering 2020). However, there is very limited research assessing if there is Flickr data available and if it would be useful for parks in developing countries where nature-based tourism is important, economically, socially, and environmentally but resources for monitoring are limited, such as in Nepal. Here we test how social media could be used to monitor visitation in parks in countries such as Nepal. We analyzed images about Chitwan National Park posted to Flickr, including assessing: 1) when do people visit the Park and how similar are the patterns to ground visitor data, 2) where do people go and how does this vary seasonally and 3) what do people value in the Park.   
  Call Number Serial 4316  
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Author Siikamäki, P.; Kangas, K.; Cottrell, S.; Schroderus, S., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title (up) Spatial overlap of biodiversity and recreational use in protected areas Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages 25-26  
  Keywords MMV5, biodiversity, conservation, nature-based tourism, recreation, spatial ecology  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 276 Serial 2689  
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Author Krämer, A.; Roth, R., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Spatial Requirements of Outdoor Sports in the Nature Park Southern Blackforest – GIS-based Conflict Analysis and Solutions for Visitor Flow Management Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 33-39  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 420 Serial 2273  
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Author Selvaag, S.; Gundersen, V.; Strand, O.; Panzacchi, E., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Spatial segmentation of hikers and wild reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) at Hardangervidda National Park: Management Implications Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 11-13  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract Our study suggests a strong potential for coexistence between wild reindeer and tourists in Hardangervidda National Park, at large spatial scale, and indicates that wild reindeer move to refuge areas with less tourist infrastructure and fewer hikers during the peak tourist season. More specifically, the study identifies popular hiking trails that are predicted to hamper the possibilities for wild reindeer to migrate and access important resources.  
  Call Number Serial 4041  
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Author Marinoski, N., Nestoroska, I. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Spatial-planning aspects of tourism development in the protected area Jasen Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 102-103  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The aim of this paper is to present the spatial-planning aspects for tourism development of protected area Jasen, that is multipurpose area, and has potentials different tourism types, through identifying the following: specific characteristics of tourism and geographical position of Jasen as a tourist value, and as a factor of tourism development, differentiation of locations with specific developmental resources that can be included successfully in the tourist offer, place and role of Jasen in tourism development of Republic of Macedonia, interactive connection of Jasen with other tourist area on national and international level, principles, criteria and indicators of sustainable development of tourism, and differentiation of different types of tourism and activities that can be developed in relation to the spatial and functional characteristics of Jasen and its differentiated localities.  
  Call Number Serial 3891  
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Author Preisel, H., Arnberger, A., Brenner, H. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Spatio-temporal Patterns of Mountain Bikers in the UNESCO Wienerwald Biosphere Reserve Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 161-163  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Sincemany years, mountain biking has become a popular activity. In the late 1990s, more than 800 km of mountainbike trails werelaid in theWienerwald, Lower Austria and Vienna. Since then the demands of mountainbikers have changed, because besideshardtail mountainbikes, downhillbikes and fullsuspensionbikeshave also gained importance. In the last few years various non-designated single trails in and around Viennahave become popular and many off-trail areas (areas with illegally built ramps and jumps by the users themselves)have developed.Interviews (e.g.Reimoseret al., 2008),observations (Arnberger and Eder, 2007) and analysisof available online GPS-user data (e.g. heat maps) show that non-designated trailsare sought out by mountainbikers.  
  Call Number Serial 3909  
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Author Yamanaka, R.; Murai, M.; Inoue, Y.; Fujiwara, S., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title (up) Spatio-Temporal Variations of Visitors of Recreational Shellfish-Gathering at an Artificial Beach in Tokyo Bay Type
  Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 356-359  
  Keywords MMV3, Shellfish-gathering, Uminokouen, Ruditapes philippinarum, image analysis, video camera, visitor impact  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 762 Serial 2504  
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Author Djercan, B., Brankovic, D., Bubalo-Zivkovic, M., Lukic, T. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Special Nature Reserve Obedska Bara: Good Example of Organization of Teaching in the Field Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 403-405  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The aim of this paper is to show how educational excursions can and should be implemented in education of primary school children. The paper shows detailed preparation of educational excursion for eighth grade, and also describes possible implementation of one-day excursion for fifth grade (Collection of plants for school herbarium) and sixth grade (Making school collection of insects). Special Nature Reserve (SNR) “Obedska bara” was used as a teaching facility. Special Nature Reserve “Obedska bara” is located in the southern part of Srem, near the Sava River, at altitude between 71 and 82 m. The total area of the reserve with the highest level of protection is 9820.0 ha. Obedska bara is bounded by the Sava River in the south, while in the north it stretches across southern outskirts of rural areas of the villages of Grabovci, Obrez and Kupinovo. It is located in the municipality of Pecinci, 45 km away from Belgrade and 35 km from the international airport “Nikola Tesla”. It is 20 km away from regional road Ruma – Šabac, 30 km from Šabac, while 70 km from Novi Sad. Special Nature Reserve in contrast to the narrower space of Obedska bara covers significantly greater area of 16,133.43 ha.  
  Call Number Serial 3988  
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Author Boeschoten, H., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title (up) Staatsbosbeheer, everything nature has to offer Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages 13-14  
  Keywords MMV5, relation human-nature, demand-oriented approach, differentiation, participation, co-operation, research  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 220 Serial 2684  
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Author Berndsen, M.L., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title (up) Staatsbosbeheer’s experiences with demand-driven working Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages 83-84  
  Keywords MMV5, demand-driven working, motive groups, recreational area analysis, cooperation, quality, diversity  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 60 Serial 2715  
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Author Nygaard, V.J., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Staging the wild: Photographers behaviour and attitudes towards the use of bait, hides and landscape modifications in large carnivore photography Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 124-125  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Wildlife photography is a growing phenomenon in Scandinavia. As most forms of wildlife tourism, wildlife photography may have positive and negative effects, on both local communities and wildlife itself. Therefore, it is interesting to investigate tourists ethics in relation to wildlife photography.My work explores photographers perceptions on the phenomena “wildlife/wild animals” and “wilderness”. These perceptions are also linked to the photographers values. Furthermore, I investigate how they reflect upon facilitating or manipulating both the wildlife itself and the wilderness that serves as a backdrop, in wildlife photography.  
  Call Number Serial 4255  
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Author Bartoletti, C.; Magro-Lindenkamp, C.; Sarries, G. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Staheholders perceptions towards factors of influence on the choice of places for adventure races Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 411-412  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract This study reports the results of online questionnaires directed to adventure racers and race organisers, as well as to national park managers. Whereas in previous works more attention was given to organisers’ perceptions and attitudes, this focuses on racers (BARTOLETTI; MAGRO, 2016). A few questions intended to investigate what adventure racers and organisers perceived to be the most and least important factors when choosing a place to race or organise an event: environmental and sustainability related factors or factors related to logistics such as safety and proximity to hotels.  
  Call Number Serial 4178  
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Author Cihar, M.; Trebicky, V.; Stankova, J., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title (up) Stakeholder’s monitoring and involvement: management option for Sumava National Park (Czech Republic) Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 271-276  
  Keywords MMV4, Local people, management, monitoring, nature tourism, public administration, visitors  
  Abstract The paper presents the results of long-term monitoring and surveys of three major stakeholder’s groups in Sumava National Park (SNP) – visitors, local people and public administration (mayors). SNP is the largest Czech national park situated in the southeast part of the country. In 1990s and 2000s the park became a popular nature tourism destination, mainly for domestic visitors. Views and attitudes of stakeholder groups to conservation and environmental management activities were analysed and compared. Primary data was statistically treated using the χ2 test for evaluation of homogeneity of results from different years of monitoring and different stakeholder groups. The results show that management, development and nature tourism in SNP went through significant changes over the last ten years. Monitoring of stakeholder’s opinions and attitudes and their involvement in a local decision making process is crucial for development of a new management plan of SNP.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1010 Serial 2626  
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Author Sorensen, H., Moreno, M., Leppe, A. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Stakeholders to the Rescue Biosphere Reserve in the Chilean Andes Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 57-60  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract A multi-stakeholder approach with particular emphasis on the involvement of local communities were to be implemented that should foster dialogue, integrate cultural and biological diversity, and demonstrate sound sustainable development practices and policies based on research and monitoring,and finally the area should act as a site of excellence for education and training. Now five years after the declaration, formal public assessment and monitoring of the management efforts hasn’t been put in place, hence this presentation of an Impact Evaluation that aim toproduce an overall evaluative judgment about the significance of the declaration of the Biosphere Reserve in addition to descriptions of possible changes will be reported.  
  Call Number Serial 3877  
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Author Rauhala, J.; Erkkonen, J.; Iisalo, H., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Standardisation of Visitor Counting– Experiences from Finland Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 258-263  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract In 2000 we started to test visitor counters for the Natural Heritage Services of Southern Finland, in the Teijo Hiking Area. At the same time we tested both an appropriate method for visitor counting and counting equipment. Encouraged by this experience, we started systematic visitor counting in nine southern national parks in 2001. Traditional everyman's rights (right of public access) guarantee all people – Finnish or otherwise – free access to Finland's forests, whether the forests be privately or publicly owned. This makes reliable visitor counting difficult, but at the same time extremely challenging. The main reason for visitor counting is the fact that the total number of visitors is not known well enough in protected and recreational areas. We also need to have comparable and reliable visitor information from different types of area and in the long run we need to know the trends as regards the number of visitors. Besides being very important for Metsahallitus itself, the reliable estimates we are able to produce are also of great regional significance. Visitors can be counted by electronic and mechanical counters of different kinds. We have four types of counter in use. Three electronic types can be used in trail and traffic counting and also indoors. In addition there is one mechanical type which can be used indoors, for example. At the moment the Natural Heritage Services of Southern Finland have about 40 counters in use. Each counter calculates visitors somewhat differently, depending on the installation of the counter, its placement and the quality of the counter. Also, different weather conditions may affect the counters. For these reasons, each counter must be calibrated independently, after which each counter has its own coefficient. After calibration one can calculate the counter’s final result. Thereafter it is possible to calculate the estimated total number of visitors in a specific area. Metsahallitus also carries out visitor counting in other parts of Finland, but not yet as systematically as in southern Finland. Naturally there is a connection between visitor surveys and visitor counting, as both qualitative and quantitative information is important in planning and management processes. This paper presents practical experiences of visitor counting from the Finnish perspective. The presentation deals with the process of planning visitor counting, the special equipment needed in counting and ways of transforming the figures from the calculators into estimates of the number of visits in a specific area. In addition, the results of a pilot study from the Teijo Hiking Area are presented as a case.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 490 Serial 2308  
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Author Erkkonen, J.; Sievänen, T., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Standardisation of Visitor Surveys – Experiences from Finland Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 252-257  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract A visitor survey standardisation project was conducted in 1998-2000 in Finland. The visitor survey standardisation project was part of a large national outdoor recreation demand and supply inventory (LVVI). There are two reasons for the standardisation of visitor surveys. First, it is possible to collect comparable information from different kind of areas. Moreover, the information gathered can be combined on a national level. Secondly, standardised measurements assure long-term monitoring of behavioural changes in each studied area. The visitor survey standardisation project developed a standardised questionnaire for the most important information gathered with the help of visitor surveys, that is visitor profiles, activities, distribution of use by area, distribution of use by time, duration of the visit, expenditure of visitors and information on visitor satisfaction and motivation. It is recommended that the data collection be carried out by means of self-conducted questionnaires. The project produced a visitor survey manual and a Microsoft Excel application for computing descriptive results in order to encourage the personnel of recreation areas to conduct visitor surveys independently. The implementation of standardised visitor surveys is mainly carried out by Metsähallitus (Forest and Park Service) which manages the majority of the state-owned protected areas and national hiking areas in Finland. At the beginning of 2002, there were 33 national parks, 7 state-owned hiking areas and some 400 other protected areas. About two million recreational visits take place annually in state-owned protected areas and national hiking areas. The number of recreational visits seems to be on the increase. All together 22 different visitor surveys have been conducted in state-owned areas in the last few years. The results of some of the surveys have almost immediately been used in management and planning of the area in question. In general, there is increasing understanding and interest in the use of visitor information as a tool in decision making: services can be improved to meet visitor expectations better and scarce resources can be allocated more effectively. Along with visitor surveys, systematical visitor counts have recently been started using electronic trail and traffic counters, guest books or manual counters in several protected and recreational areas. At the moment, the next step will be to develop a national database of the collected information, and also to develop good practice in order to benefit from the information on a national level. This paper discusses, firstly, the structure and type of information that is needed from a visitor survey, secondly, how to conduct a visitor survey as a routine method in planning processes, and the framework within which visitor information can be utilised in planning and management. Thirdly, the Finnish experience of the benefits to be gained by using a standardised model for conducting visitor surveys is discussed.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 488 Serial 2307  
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Author Haider, W., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Stated Preference & Choice Models – A Versatile Alternative to Traditional Recreation Research Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 115-121  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract In outdoor recreation research and visitor management applications, stated preference and choice methods have not enjoyed the same amount of popularity when compared to other directions of applied research. This is somewhat surprising considering the fact that decisions that managers of protected areas and outdoor recreation in general face are typically multiattribute in nature and require an understanding of the trade-offs that decision-makers of clients are willing to make. This paper provides an overview to stated choice research by explaining the essential considerations during the design and analysis of this approach. The various stages will be explained on hand of a simple example. Then the versatility of the approach will be demonstrated by discussing research design options in more detail.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 448 Serial 2287  
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Author Aikoh, T., Gokita, R. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Status of, issues with, and manager attidutes toward visitor monitoring in Japans national parks Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 334-335  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract Monitoring of visitor behavior and attitude is indispensable for management of protected areas, including national parks, and accurate information regarding such is thought to lead to prudent management (Cessford & Muhar, 2003). It is essential to know the number of visitors and their trends, motivation, and satisfaction. That information is useful for making decisions concerning the planning and management of parks and is essential for sustainable and appropriate use of these protected areas (Hornback & Eagles, 1999). This study aimed to clarify the current condition of visitor monitoring in Japanese national parks and to understand the issues and attitudes of park managers.  
  Call Number Serial 4154  
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Author Bredeweg, E.; D'Antonio, A.; Esser, S.; Jacobs, A., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Steps on a path: An application of machine learning using a random forest algorithm to predict visitor use levels on trails in Rocky Mountain National Park, USA. Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 280-281  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Understanding the location and level of recreation use in park and protected areas (PPA) can be useful for effective visitor use management. While there is a wealth of geospatial data available online and in the manager databases of many PPA, the development and format of these datasets may be shaped more by the nature of GIS software than the way visitors explore and use a PPA system. Moreover, aspects important for visitor management such as quantification of visitor use levels on trails may be more difficult to source for each trail segment than physical trail characteristics (length, location, elevation profile, etc.). It would be expected that trail characteristics would influence the traffic of visitors, but there are many other factors such as accessibility, parking, or nearby attractions that can influence visitor behavior in complex ways. While we can obtain the physical characteristics, available amenities, and relative locations of trails within the entire PPA, we often do not have visitor use levels on the same extent. In order to examine visitor use levels on the scale of the entire PPA, we need to be able to model the relationship between physical location, trail characteristics, and amenities that ultimately shape visitor use.  
  Call Number Serial 4325  
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Author Arnberger, A.; Reichhart, T. pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title (up) Stop or go? An analysis of avalanche risk assessment behaviour of skiers Type
  Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages 92-93  
  Keywords MMV7  
  Abstract  
  Call Number Serial 3010  
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