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	Author	Rammo, M.; Maran, K.; Almik, A.; Karoles, K.,
	Title	Visitor and Environmental Impact Monitoring as Basis for Sustainable Nature Tourism in Estonian Recreational Areas			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	62-63
	Keywords	MMV3, Forest recreation, environmental impact monitoring, recreational load, visitor counting, visitor survey
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 598			Serial	2423
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	Author	Vaske, J.J.; Taylor, J.G.,
	Title	Visitor and Resident Acceptability Norms towards Wolf Management Actions			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	409-410
	Keywords	MMV3, Wolf management, gray wolf, norm theory, local residents, visitors
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 809			Serial	2527
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	Author	Müller, M.; Mayer, M.; Woltering, M.; Job, H.,
	Title	Visitor attitudes towards natural disturbance: the case of the bark beetle in Bavarian Forest National Park, Germany			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	347-352
	Keywords	MMV4, perception, attitudes, natural disturbance, protected areas, tourism, bark beetles
	Abstract	Management authorities of protected areas have recently been faced with a considerable rise of natural disturbance such as fire or insect pests in ecosystems. Incorporating visitor experience of natural disturbance into management strategies is a crucial task. The present study uses multivariate statistical analysis to examine visitors’ attitudes towards large-scale bark beetle infestation in the case of Bavarian Forest National Park, Germany. Findings indicate that visitors have a neutral attitude towards the bark beetle and slightly reject controlling the bark beetle in the national park. Expectations of a successful recovery of the affected areas (green-up) and low personal issue salience are the two strongest predictors for support of not controlling the bark beetle. Our findings suggest that it is well possible to position protected areas as refuges where nature is supposed to follow its course without intervention rather than as landscaped representations of cultural ideal types. In order to communicate this idea of wilderness to visitors, park management authorities should design educational measures to raise visitors’ awareness of the ecological mandate of protected areas and of the role of disturbance agents in ecosystems.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1042			Serial	2642
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	Author	Takahashi, M.; Yamaki, K.,
	Title	Visitor Conflicts and their Resolution for Forest and Park Management in Jozankei National forest, Japan			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	423-424
	Keywords	MMV3, Forest and Park management, visitor conflict, Jozankei National Forest, questionnaire survey
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 819			Serial	2532
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	Author	Gundersen, V.; Andersen, O.,
	Title	Visitor counting and surveys in a dispersed-use mountain area in Norway			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	67-68
	Keywords	MMV5, visitor monitoring, visitor counting, visitor survey, automatic counters, GPS tracking
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 76			Serial	2709
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	Author	Rupf-Haller, R.; Wernli, M.; Filli, F.,
	Title	Visitor Counting with Acoustic Slab Sensors in the Swiss National Park			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	72-77
	Keywords	MMV3, Visitor counting, acoustic slab sensor, Swiss National Park, walking experiments
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 602			Serial	2425
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	Author	de Vries, S., Goossen, M., de Boer, T.,
	Title	Visitor density, recreation motive, crowding and attractiveness			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	252-253
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 486			Serial	2930
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	Author	Prokic, S.,
	Title	Visitor Flows in National Parks and other Protected Areas of Serbia: Case Studies of Proper and Improper Practices			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	402-406
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	The principles of management in the protected natural areas of Serbia are defined by the Environment Protection and National Parks Acts of the Republic of Serbia. Even though these laws were adopted by the Parliament as early as 1991 and 1993, respectively, their implementation is not performed in an equal manner in all the protected areas. According to these laws, the tourism in such areas is not primarily considered as an activity of economic/commercial character, but as one of the environmental principles. It is supposed to contribute to the protection and development of the national parks and nature reserves by promotion and presentation of the natural and cultural values. The role of such tourism in the environmental education of the general public is also of paramount importance. The Ministries of the Environment and Tourism of the Republic of Serbia have brought in 1998 the Action Plan for the Sustainable Development of Tourism in the Protected Natural Areas. On this basis, the Minstry of the Environment has also brought the Action Plan for Sustainable Management of Hunting Grounds and Game Fauna in the Protected Natural Areas. In addition to a brief survey of the above legislation, some case studies are presented of both positive and negative practice in performing the management of the protected natural areas in this respect. The case studies relate to the Nature Reserve „Begej – Carska Bara“ and the National Park „Kopaonik“ as the two extreme examples of the corresponding approaches.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 538			Serial	2332
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	Author	Gaglioppa, P.; Di Carlo, A.; Marino, D.; Marucci, A.; Nicosia, M.; Palmieri, M.,
	Title	Visitor flows indicators used in Italian protected area management effectiveness methodology (MEVAP) and data base on National Protected Areas: how to improve their efficacy?			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	170-172
	Keywords	MMV5, indicator, tourism, park, management effectiveness, PAME, MEVAP
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 26			Serial	2753
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	Author	Oian, H.; Fredman, P.; Sandell, K.; Saeforsdottir, A.D.; Tyrvainen, L.; Sondergeard Jensen, F.,
	Title	Visitor influx and sustainable tourism development – paradoxes and dilemnas in the Nordic countries			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	23-25
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	Visitors’ experiences of nature attractions are at the core of the tourism industry of the Nordic countries. The main aim with this presentation is to discuss some dilemmas and paradoxes arising from the efforts of finding sustainable solutions to urgent problems caused by the rather sudden influx of tourist and the increasing variety of demands that follows from this
	Call Number				Serial	4045
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	Author	Beunders, N.M.A.,
	Title	Visitor Management and Destination Management as Tools for Sustainable Regional Development			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	129-134
	Keywords	MMV3, Visitor management, local community, sustainable regional development, sustainable tourism development, destination management, supply chains, biodiversity, conservation
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 632			Serial	2440
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	Author	Rudolphi, W.; Haider, W.,
	Title	Visitor Management and Ecological Integrity: One Example of an Integrated Management Approach Using Decision Analysis			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	143-149
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	In this paper we argue in favor of using a decision analysis framework for more integrated decision-making when managing protected areas. Such an approach will enable agencies to balance between the frequently conflicting goals of visitor management and ecological integrity. We present a case study from the West Coast Trail in Pacific Rim National Park Reserve, BC, Canada, in which we use ELECTRE and AHP to establish a ranking of several management options. We conclude by suggesting that such a more formal framework constitutes a more objective decision support tool, assists in framing relevant management questions and tradeoffs, and at the same time provides guidance for data collection.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 456			Serial	2291
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	Author	Schneider, P.; Pröbstl, U.; Fürnrohr, G.,
	Title	Visitor Management and Ecological Monitoring in Austrian, Italian and Bavarian Skiing Resorts by Adapting the EU-Eco-Audit			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	359-363
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	The problems in skiing resorts caused by winter sports and agriculture and summer touristic land use are well known. They mostly found upon sensitive ecological conditions, building measures, deficiencies in visitor management and an overlapping land use during summer. A new possibility to face and to decrease these problems will be presented within this article by the EU-Eco-Audit. Examples from Italy, Germany and Austria show starting points for valuation, deduction of objects for environmental development and suggestions for an environmental management system. A future-development should be influenced by an auditing process which is supported by the enterprise and to environmental concerns set up in business, what should be further developed.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 522			Serial	2324
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	Author	Ljustina, M., Opacic, B., Vitas, B.,
	Title	Visitor Management and Monitoring in Croatian Protected Areas			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	13-15
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Croatian protected areas (PAs), especially national and nature parks are often emphasised as main natural attractions in Croatia. Green Tourism Action Plan sees Croatia as a leader of tourism based on natural heritage and sets several goals for development of sustainable tourist offer within and around PAs (Ministry of tourism, 2016). In addition, different projects on national level have goals to develop tourist offer and marketing of PAs focusing primarily on nature and national parks. In recent years there is also a raise of funds available for PA visitor infrastructure, although many already have educational trails, info centres etc. Even though some PAs have high and some low numbers of visitors, most national parks, with oscillations, show growth (SINP, 2014). Since, there is a growing interest for visiting protected areas globally (IUCN, 2015), we could ask ourselves are we prepared to manage visitation?
	Call Number				Serial	3862
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	Author	Gilbertson, K.; Olfelt, D.; Leversedge, P.,
	Title	Visitor management and revegetation efforts on a degraded Lake Superior cliff edge			Type
	Year	2004	Publication	Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 2 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	272-276
	Keywords	MMV2
	Abstract	Rock climbing has grown to be a major recreational sport in the United States. Yet, resource degradation caused by recreational rock climbing has become a controversial issue throughout the United States (Access Fund 1999). Some resource agencies such as the U.S. Forest Service, National Park Service, and Bureau of Land Management are struggling to establish functional management policies that allow appropriate rock climbing practices while protecting the natural resource (Devine 2001). Resource managers tend to favor restriction of climbing activities to protect the resource. Yet, without adequate understanding of rock climbing, this approach can become controversial. A less controversial approach toward rock climbing influences on natural resources can be to include the rock climbing community in management planning. The result can be increased protection of the resource while allowing recreational climbing to continue (Hynek 1999). In an effort to address both public recreational needs and to protect the natural resource of Shovel Point, a popular rock climbing site in Tettegouche State Park on the edge of Lake Superior in northeastern Minnesota, USA, a study was conducted during the summer of 1998 to identify types of recreational users, impacts from their use behaviors, and to survey climber attitudes toward a proposed management plan that would influence climbing on the site. The results of this study were implemented into a long range management plan that has resulted in modified climber impact on the environment and allows a rehabilitation of the site that is hoped to preserve the unique natural resource. Innovative vegetative rehabilitation of the climbing site has been successfully implemented. This is an excellent example of positive conflict resolution through research, management through public participation, and resource rehabilitation and protection.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 300			Serial	2358
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	Author	Lykkja, H.,
	Title	Visitor management as a tool to develop sustainable local communities Experiences from pilot project in Nordland, Norway 2018-2021			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	392-393
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Global travel has exploded in recent decades and challenges the current management system. How can attractive destinations like the popular Lofoten islands in Northern Norway face the “tsunami” of new travelers? Who will pay the hidden costs? The effect of strong growth in the number of visitors and changes in travel patterns, type of experiences, as well as visitor behavior is now creating a challenge for many communities and destinations. How can the local communities be empowered to take more control over their own tourism development? Nordland extends about 250 km both north and south of the polar circle and offers exciting experiences connected to a broad range of landscapes, it borders the North Atlantic which creates a climate more moderate than any other place in the arctic. Nordland County Council (fylkeskommune) which runs this project, is the regional governing administration of Nordland county, running upper secondary schools, county roads, public transport, culture and cultural heritage, providing regional planning strategies and advising its 41 municipalities in local planning and management. Nordland County Council has worked systematically with experience-based tourism for the last 10 years and this project is anchored in the Strategy for Tourism and Innovation.What characterizes tourism is that, because production and consumption of the experience takes place in the same place, customers are brought to the place of production. This is the reason why tourism greatly affects the communities in which it is practiced. The aim of the pilot project is to develop tools and methods that ensure sustainable visitor management. The focus is to empower communities to participate in the development process as they bring local knowledge which can make the difference between a policy succeeding or failing. The object of this project is to involve communities and other actors in a holistic way, in order to develop tools which will help to take care of nature and the environment, ensure that the experience is good for both visitors and residents, while the local value creation is the greatest possible.
	Call Number				Serial	4373
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	Author	Gätje, C.; Möller, A.; Feige, M.,
	Title	Visitor Management by Visitor Monitoring? Methodological Approach and Empirical Results from the Wadden Sea National Park in Schleswig-Holstein			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	68-73
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	Even today monitoring in most large nature reserves is mainly concerned with ecological environmental observations. Socio-economical parameters and special parameters concerned with tourism are rarely part of such programmes. This is not the case in the Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park (SH-WSNP). During an extensive ecosystem research project the necessary basis for a better understanding of the structure and dynamics of the Wadden Sea was made. The local population and economy of the Wadden Sea region, especially tourism, played an important role in the project right from the start. The knowledge gained by the project was used as a basis for the revision of the national park law and in the concept for an interstate monitoring programme for the Wadden Sea. The three modules of the socio-economic monitoring (SEM): SEM-Regional, SEM-Trend and SEM-Poll document the, for Germany, unique and thus innovative character of this monitoring programme which is orientated towards comprehensive data collection and assessment. Extensive experience with different methods and results of the quantitative and qualitative monitoring of visitors were gathered during a three year test phase. The possible use of the results for an optimisation of the management of visitor flow in and adjacent to the National park and for more targeted information and public relations work are discussed.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 432			Serial	2279
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	Author	Stokke, K.B.,
	Title	Visitor management for nature-based tourism and community development: Participation across protected area borders			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	27-29
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	In this paper, we discuss the role of the regional parks as a bridge-builder among the environmental conservation authority, municipalities and other actors in order to create sustainable synergies between tourism and community development
	Call Number				Serial	4046
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	Author	Emphandhu, D.
	Title	Visitor Management forResource Conservation in Community-based Ecotourism,Thailand			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	379-381
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	KohPitakin Thailand is a small island located near Mu KohChomphon National park. Most are local fisheries.In 1992, marine resources were in crisis. The commercial fishing boats over-fished in the area close to Koh Pitak. The local people at KohPitakfinally announced conservation measures to protect marine resources and introduced community-based ecotourism (CBET) to motivate community members in resource conservation. Ecotourism at KohPitakhas become very popular that many visitors came to visit Koh Pitak, but limited resourcesand poor management has gradually created tourism impact.This paper aimed to examine how local community has applied visitor management as a tool for resource conservation and managing tourism impact.
	Call Number				Serial	3980
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	Author	Liechti, T.J.; Burger, T.R.; Zantop, S.A.,
	Title	Visitor Management in a Floodplain Area near Zurich			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	461-462
	Keywords	MMV3, Visitor information, visitor management, floodplain
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 845			Serial	2545
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	Author	Lykkja, H.
	Title	Visitor Management in the West Norwegian Fjords – Bridging the Gaps between Disciplines,Sectors and Administrative Levels			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	36-38
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	A preliminary study revealed a need to develop a method for sustainable and user focused visitor management with a high degree of user participation, suitable for both small and high volume destinations. The Council for the WHS West Norwegian Fjords is the project owner, while management is under the Nærøyfjord world heritage park. Active partners are the municipalities, the travel industry, and local associations. (Lykkja and Knagenhjelm, 2014). The goal is to find a balance between preservation of important sites and giving visitors a rewarding experience, while at the same time supporting economic development. Achieving this goal will make it easier for the custodians to report to UNESCO, and to maintain the site in a sustainable manner. Research to be carried out includes customer analysis, the customer journey, local value creation and usage stress limits. We collaborate with other research projects conducted in the region.
	Call Number				Serial	3871
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	Author	Pekny, R.; Leditznig, C.,
	Title	Visitor Management in the Wilderness Area Dürrenstein, Lower Austrian Kalkalpen			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	84-88
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	With its approx. 2.400 ha, the wilderness area Dürrenstein lies in the south-western part of Lower Austria in the northern Kalkalpen. The primary objective of this protected area, which is aiming at being recognised as Category I of the IUCN guidelines (Eastern part: Ia – strict nature reserve and Western part: Ib – wilderness area), is the sustainable protection of this region. However, as according to the said guidelines, human disturbance in the wilderness area must be minimised, yet educational opportunities (for Ia) and the well-being of visitors (for Ib) are part of the criteria for the mentioned categories, there could be potential conflicts between nature protection objectives and the activities resulting from an educational and recreational obligation (visitor management and guidance). As part of the LIFE project carried out for the establishment of the wilderness area, visitor surveys were made. They showed that the area around the Dürrenstein was mostly a regional recreation area. The number of visitors has remained widely the same in the last 50 years despite slight fluctuations. An increase in the level of popularity of the protected area, following the Category I recognition, could alter the situation. A possible consequence of a larger number of visitors would be the effect on habitats i.e. a disturbance of the wild animals living in the wilderness area. In particular hoofed game, red deer, deer and chamois but also rare birds such as capercaillie or black grouse could be affected. The result of increased disturbance is species extinction or in the case of hoofed game (forest)ecological damage, which cannot be tolerated in such a small wilderness area. In order to counteract the negative effects of a positive visitor development in the wilderness area, appropriate standards must be set for visitor management. For this, measures for visitor guidance should not only be applied inside the wilderness area, but also partly in its forefield. Only thus may the demands of nature protection on an effective visitor management be met. Therefore, basic – from the point of view of the protected area management, very moderate – principles were fixed for the wilderness area itself: • Visitor information on the protection objective • Monitoring of the development of the recreational use • Gentle guidance instead of orders (marked trails) • Discussion of arising utilisation conflicts with all parties concerned.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 438			Serial	2282
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	Author	Burns, R.; Graefe, A.; English, D.,
	Title	Visitor measuring and monitoring challenges on remote national forests: The case of Alaska, USA			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	134-134
	Keywords	MMV4, Alaska, recreation use, national forests, visitor monitoring
	Abstract	The purpose of this project was to identify and evaluate the set of issues associated with recreation use studies measuring and monitoring in Region 10 of the USDA Forest Service (Alaska), and more specifically within the Chugach and Tongass National Forests. The unique environment and conditions of Alaska have long posed significant challenges to recreation monitoring efforts, and several previous efforts have been undertaken to address this topic, both internally (Reed, 2003) and externally (Stynes, 2006). The US Forest Service uses the National Visitor Use Monitoring (NVUM) protocol to measure and monitor visitor use on all of its national forests. In 2000, an initial attempt to measure visitor use on the Tongass National Forest was conducted. Only 138 of 165 planned sampling days were completed, resulting in a completion rate of 84 percent (USDA 2001). This was the lowest achievement rate among all regions, which averaged 95 percent overall. An in depth review suggested that weather was not a factor and that the low accomplishment rate was attributable to personnel and strategic problems experienced by the sample districts. Approximately 12 interviews were conducted, along with a review of literature focusing on this issue. A series of approximately 20—25 recommendations were made to managers as a result of the review and interviews. It is intended that the results of this review will ultimately aid in customizing the survey protocol and instruments for the National Visitor Use Monitoring (NVUM) and related recreation use monitoring studies in this region.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 946			Serial	2594
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	Author	Pröbstl, U.,
	Title	Visitor Monitoring as a prerequisite of assessments in Natura 2000 sites			Type
	Year	2004	Publication	Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 2 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	248-255
	Keywords	MMV2
	Abstract	Biodiversity is increasingly recognized as an invaluable element of the European heritage. Across Europe, the NATURA 2000 ecological network has been established under the European Community’s `habitats` directive and the `bird` directive. The goal of this network is to provide a strong protection for Europe’s most valuable wildlife areas. If development plans or projects threaten to deteriorate this network or its favourable conservation status, a special assessment is required (see Art.6 of the Fauna-Flora-Habitat directive, called FFH-assessment). When planning a new foot-bridge in a NATURA 2000 site, it became obvious that an evaluation of the possible ecological deterioration is only possible when detailed information about the current and the potential future recreational use is included in the assessment. It will be suggested that visitor monitoring and visitor surveys collect essential background information for the FFH-assessment process evaluating the possible impacts on NATURA 2000 sites. Without such data it would be impossible to determine the potential effects of changes to the recreational infrastructure and its associated uses on protected areas. Therefore, a curriculum for protected area planning that strives to accommodate the legal requirements of the European Community should also include recreation research techniques.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 348			Serial	2382
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	Author	Rose, M.; Victoria, P.,
	Title	Visitor monitoring during the COVID-19 Pandemic			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	80-81
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Parks Victorias Charter is to manage National, State and Metropolitan parks and waterways, recreational boating facilities, jetties and piers and other recreation, and tourist assets. This makes up approximately 18 percent of all land in Victoria, Australia, with more than 100 million visits to parks, bays and piers every year. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 global pandemic, visitor monitoring became increasingly important in park management and decision making to ensure health and safety protocols were enacted in park to prevent further community outbreaks. During the COVID-19 restriction periods, staff and visitor monitoring documented changes in visitor use and numbers in the park system. Understanding the wellbeing benefits of being in nature as has been documented in past research, Parks Victoria wanted to examine the physical, emotional and social wellbeing benefits of being in nature and how this had changed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This presentation displays two key research areas to understand the changes to visitation and ways in which Victorians used parks and protected areas during the COVID-19 Pandemic: 1.Park based visitor monitoring2.Impact of COVID-19 on park usage applied research project.
	Call Number				Serial	4234
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	Author	Ankre, R., Fredman, P., Lindhagen, A.,
	Title	Visitor monitoring from a management perspective – Experiences from Sweden			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	28-29
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 383			Serial	2827
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	Author	Haukeland, J.V., Dybedal, P.,
	Title	Visitor Monitoring in a World Heritage Area – The West Norwegian Fjordsnærøyfjorden and Geirangerfjorden			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	33-35
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	The two West Norwegian Fjords,Nærøyfjordenand Geirangerfjorden, were registered on the World Heritage List in 2005. TheWorld Heritage Areascomprise narrow, deep and long fjords with steep sided rock walls that are consideredarchetypical parts of the world’s fjord landscapes. Numerous waterfalls and free-flowing rivers run across forests on their way to the sea. Thefjordsrepresentunique geological values and offer anoutstanding natural beauty. Nærøyfjorden and Geirangerfjorden also include small communities as well as reminisces of shut down tiny dairy farms supplementing cultural and aesthetical values to the natural fjord landscape. Moreover, the world heritage areas also include protected landscapes and natural reserves according to the Norwegian Nature Diversity Act.
	Call Number				Serial	3870
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	Author	Vistad, O.I.,
	Title	Visitor Monitoring in Norwegian National Parks? If so: How Will it Find a Position in the Present Situation with Low Funding, Biological Hegemony, Expanding User Interests and Indistinct Management Priorities?			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	80-81
	Keywords	MMV3, Social monitoring, ecological monitoring, national park management, tourism, rural development
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 606			Serial	2427
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	Author	Krzan, P., Krol, M., Zieba, S., Sitarz, M., Zwijacz Kozica, T., Zieba, A., Ziobrowski, S.
	Title	Visitor monitoring in practices. Few examples from the Tatra National Park (Poland)			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	288-289
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	The Tatra National Park (TNP, south Poland) comprises the entire Polish part of the Tatra Mountains (200 km2), the highest and most western part of the Carpathians. In both polish and national parks, human activities are restricted to especially designated areas, such as hiking and skiing trails or climbing areas. The rest is protected as nature reserves, access to them is allowed only with special permit from the national park administration, however, illegal trespassing is quite common. Particularly in TNP, human influence is really high, with about three million tourists visiting the park every year (data from TNP).
	Call Number				Serial	3949
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	Author	Svajda, J.,
	Title	Visitor Monitoring in Tatra National Park			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	485-486
	Keywords	MMV3, Tatra National Park, High Tatras, monitoring of visitors, research inquiry, motoring charge
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 867			Serial	2556
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	Author	Kernen, R.; Furrer, M.; Rupf, R.; Wernli, M.,
	Title	Visitor monitoring in the Protected Area Aletsch Forest			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	291-293
	Keywords	MMV5, visitor monitoring, visitor counting, Aletsch Forest, social carrying capacity
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 206			Serial	2806
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	Author	Jensen, T.,
	Title	Visitor Monitoring of Eight Recreational and Protected Areas			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	456-457
	Keywords	MMV3, Outdoor recreational activities, national parks and protected areas, monitoring movements
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 839			Serial	2542
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	Author	Czachs,C.; Brandenburg,C.
	Title	Visitor monitoring with time lapse trail cameras			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	303-305
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3033
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	Author	Nasa, M.; Emphandhu, D.; ,
	Title	Visitor perception of crowding at Doi Inthanon summit, Doi Inthanon National Park			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	157-159
	Keywords	MMV5, visitor perception, crowding, Doi Inthanon National Park
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 16			Serial	2747
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	Author	Shoji, Y.; Yamaki, K.,
	Title	Visitor Perceptions of the Inscription on the World Heritage List: The Use of Stated Choice Methods			Type
	Year	2004	Publication	Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 2 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	305-310
	Keywords	MMV2
	Abstract	This study examines how visitors to Daisetsuzan National Park in Japan perceive its inscription on the World Heritage List by applying stated choice methods. Most visitors regarded the inscription as favourable although their willingness to pay indicated that better visitor control and further conservation of natural resources would be necessary by taking opportunity of the inscription. However, the current situation of World Heritage sites in Japan indicates that the domestic management system of natural resources is inadequate to realize these visitor visions. We conclude that the nomination of Daisetsuzan National Park for the World Heritage List should be reconsidered, but only after the Japanese management system for natural resources has been improved.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 310			Serial	2363
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	Author	Ghelichipour, Z.; Muhar, A.,
	Title	Visitor risk management in core zones of protected areas: First results from a survey of European park administrations			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	107-111
	Keywords	MMV4, Conservation regulations, European Protected Areas, Questionnaire, Visitor Risk Management
	Abstract	Effective visitor risk management practices play an important role in the management of outdoor recreation. Many forms of outdoor recreation have inherent risks associated with them, indeed for many recreational activities risk and challenge are integral components. In many European countries, the administrations of protected areas are legally liable for some kinds of visitors’ injuries, e.g. caused by falling trees or damaged handrails. Sometimes this liability may cause legal problems for the managers, as management measures (e.g. removal of trees) might be in conflict with conservation regulations. These problems are particularly serious in core zones of protected areas, because of their stronger conservation status. In this study, visitor safety management and likely conflicts with conservation regulations in different European protected areas has been surveyed. The findings imply that today visitor risk management is not considered as an important aspect of the management process in core zones of protected areas. This might change in the future: In many core zones of European parks regular forest management for timber production has only recently been discontinued, which will lead to an increased visitor risk when natural processes of ecosystem development take over.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 934			Serial	2589
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	Author	Hurtado, M.; Burns, R.; Andrew, R.G.; Schwarzmann, D.; Moreira, J.C.,
	Title	Visitor satisfaction and crowding at the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	230-230
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Understanding the human benefits and pressures on ocean and coastal environments is critical to keep managing these areas in a sustainable way. Outdoor recreation in marine protected areas has been increasing over the years. The increasing popularity of marine areas presents a paradox. On one hand, people seek to recreate in unique natural coastal environments with settings that match their needs and desires, and at the same time, millions of people depend on coral reefs and their income from tourism. On the other hand, the same increased recreational attention has resulted in negative impacts on the physical and social environment. Unfortunately, the literature indicates that sandy coastal areas are naturally more vulnerable to recreation impacts due to interactions between wind, waves and sediments. This is the main reason why an effective management and monitoring of visitor use is fundamental in marine protected areas. Carrying capacity is a term that emerged within the environmental and outdoor recreation fields of study and can be used as a potential management tool. A background on social carrying capacity leads to two important terms, which are satisfaction and crowding. The primary purpose of this study is to examine the satisfaction and crowding of visitors at the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. There are different variables that can influence overall satisfaction and crowding levels, this study will compare these variables across recreation users, such as snorkelers and divers, and other demographic variables in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary.
	Call Number				Serial	4303
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	Author	Melville, S.J.,
	Title	Visitor Satisfaction Surveys and the Development of Access Standards for National Nature Reserves in England			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	64-71
	Keywords	MMV3, Qualitative monitoring, work planning, access standards, visitor satisfaction
	Abstract	It is estimated that National Nature Reserves in England receive around 15 million visitors each year, and this number is increasing. Since the mid 1990s English Nature has undertaken a series of visitor satisfaction surveys on a number of the National Nature Reserves in England. The purpose of the initial studies was to establish the visitors’ understanding of National Nature Reserves and what it was that those visitors wanted by way of facilities to improve the experience of their visit. The results of the surveys influenced the development of ‘access standards’ for use in work planning and financial resource allocation across the suite of 160 National Nature Reserves managed by English Nature. Following major investment between 2002-2004, a further round of visitor satisfaction surveys has been completed and this paper discusses the results of these and the implications for future access improvement funding and works.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 600			Serial	2424
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	Author	Schaub, J.
	Title	Visitor structure in the Kellerwald-Edersee National Park (Hesse, Germany)			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	21-22
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3108
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	Author	Arnberger, A.; Brandenburg, C.,
	Title	Visitor Structure of a Heavily Used Conservation Area: The Danube Floodplains National Park, Lower Austria			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	7-13
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	National parks in close proximity to large conurbations are not subject to the normal conflicts between conservation and ecological tourism but to those between conservation and urban recreational requirements. The Danube Floodplains National Park, Lower Austria is situated to the east of Vienna, the capital city of Austria, with a population of 1.6 million. Between June 2000 and May 2001, visitors were monitored in the Lower Austrian part of the National Park. An analysis of the results of the interviews, as well as their integration with the results obtained using long-term video monitoring, counts by human observers and route analysis, led to the identification of specific visitor categories with individual behavioral patterns and spatio-temporal distribution. In particular, regular recreational visitors from adjacent residential areas were very concerned about overcrowding and would react to the high visitor frequency through a change in their habits. This alteration of visiting habits would lead to grave problems for the environmental management of the National Park.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 412			Serial	2269
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