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	Author	Engelbauer, M.; Majewski, M.; Job, H.
	Title	Regional Economic Impact of tourism in German Biosphere reservess			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	313-314
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	Within the UNESCO Man and Biosphere program the concept of biosphere reserves aims as an innovative form of protected areas to achieve sustainable development in areas of cultural or/and natural importance. The apparent contradiction between protection and development is dealed with the help of a zoning model. Inside the development zone, surrounding the core and buffer zones of nature conservation, innovative approaches should be tested to strengthen a sustainable regional economy (Kraus et al. 2014). Tourism can be seen as one important vehicle to achieve sustainable conservation and development outcomes, especially in UNESCO Biosphere Reserves (Job et al. 2017).
	Call Number				Serial	4147
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	Author	Curtis, N.,
	Title	Managing Commercial Recreation on Crown Land: The Commercial Recreation Transition Plan for the Sea to Sky Corridor, BC			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	314-319
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	Monitoring and management of visitor flows in parks and recreational areas has traditionally focused on public recreation. However, there is a growing need to find management tools to address commercial operations as well as public recreation, and to manage activities outside of protected areas as well as within them. The implementation of a program to manage previously unregulated commercial recreation operations in the Sea to Sky Corridor, north of Whistler, British Columbia is described. It is argued that commercial recreation (CR) is not only different in kind from public recreation, but also offers significantly different challenges and opportunities with respect to visitor management.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 508			Serial	2317
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	Author	Tyrväinen, L., Järviluoma, J., Nikkola, K., Silvennoinen, H.,
	Title	Windpower in a nature-based tourism area – green energy or landscape disturbance?			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	314-315
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 514			Serial	2958
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	Author	Livina, A., Grinfelde, I.
	Title	Comparison of local and foreign visitor`s choices in two national parks in Latvia			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	314-316
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	The park managers should be aware of the needs of their visitors so that they are satisfied with their experience during the visit. The park managers should balance the needs of nature preservation and interests of visitors in order to ensure preservation of nature values for the next generations because every visit leaves some kind of impact on the visited territory (Eagles 2009, Beardmore 2015). The European Charter for Sustainable Tourism in Protected Areas (ECSTPA) is of good assistance in retaining this concept in practical management. The goal of the present article is to show needs of local and foreign visitors and assessment of their visits in two national parks (NP) in Latvia. One of them, the Kemeri National Park (KNP), has earned (2012) the certificate of ECSTPA (Livina&Atstaja, 2015).
	Call Number				Serial	3958
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	Author	Delphine, L.; Morales, E.; Theriault, W.; Tang, B.; Routhier, F.; Mortenson, W. B.; Prescott, M.,
	Title	“Inclusive Parks”: A scoping review of accessibility standards for people with disabili-ties			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	314-315
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	It is well recognized that access to green and blue spaces have physical, social, psychological and health benefits for people with and without disabilities (Gascon et al., 2017; Labbé et al., 2019; Markevych et al., 2017; Merrick et al., 2020; Rugel et al., 2019, Zhang et al, 2019.). However, many people with disabilities are still excluded from these spaces because of accessibility issues (Burns et al., 2009). The federal government has determined that accessibility for people with disabilities in Canadas world-renowned national parks should be addressed (Marcastel, 2019). Historically, standards have focused on promoting access for people with physical disabilities; however, existing accessibility standards are relatively dated and have had less emphasis on people who experience cognitive or sensory challenges (i.e., visual or auditory) (Parks Canada, 1994). For example, wayfinding is emerging as a critical topic for different disabilities to identify accessible routes for planning purposes and enable real-time navigation. Moreover, environmental features intended for one group (e.g., tactile sidewalk sections for people with vision problems) may make it challenging for people from another group (e.g., those who use mobility devices like wheelchairs) (Ormerod et al., 2015). It is thus important to avoid developing standards in a siloed manner (i.e., with only one disability group in mind). This scoping review is part of the project Providing Accessible ReCreation Outdoors: User-driven Research on Standards (PARCOURS) which overarching goal is to improve the Canadian accessibility standards for national parks funded by the Canadian Accessibility Standards Development Organization. The first phase of this project was to conduct a scoping review to compare and contrast existing international and national standards and novel research evidence to inform the development of revised standards. The question guiding the search for relevant studies was “What are the current accessibility standards in terms of outdoor spaces, including parks to allow people with disabilities to enjoy the natural environments in their community?”
	Call Number				Serial	4339
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	Author	Nasa, M.; Emphandhu, D.; Pattanakiat, S.; Kitisin, S.,
	Title	Database system development of nature-based tourism in protected areas, Chiang Mai province			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	315-319
	Keywords	MMV4, Database System Development, Nature-based Tourism, Protected Areas, Chiang Mai Province
	Abstract	The objectives of this study were to assess the status of nature-based tourism resources, design and develop the database system and web application for tourism resources management in protected areas, Chiang Mai province. The data contained in the database system included tourism resource potential, recreation opportunity spectrum, and physical carrying capacity of the tourism sites in Chiang Mai’s protected areas. The tourism resource potential at 124 sites were assessed and classified into 72 conventional nature tourism (NT), 37 adventure tourism (AT), 5 ecotourism (ET), and 10 being qualified as both adventure and conventional nature tourism sites (NT/AT). The highest potential of the NT sites was identified as Keaw Mae Pan scoring 2.84 out of 3. While Mae Tang and Mae Cham – Tha Phra Sadej water rafting routes were the highest potentials for the AT (score 2.69), Doi Luang Chiang Dao for ET (2.46), and bicycling route Yod Doi Pui – Botanical Garden for the NT/AT (2.13). The recreation opportunity spectrum (ROS) offered nature closely related experiences in primitive (P), semi-primitive non motorized (SPNM), and semi-primitive motorized (SPM) totalling of 77 sites while 47 sited in semi-developed and developed areas offered less nature experience. The system was designed as relational database by System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) for the target group identified as tourism resources planners and managers. The database and web application was developed by MySQL and the available program in php script language, in that order. For the User Interface design, the web browser through internet connection was employed for database management. The database system testing regarding techniques and design earned the score 64%. While the evaluation score of user interface capability and the usefulness of the information contained in the database given by the expert in database development and the PA managers was 81% and 84%, respectively.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1028			Serial	2635
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	Author	Kubo, T.; Shoji, Y.,
	Title	Heterogeneous preferences for trekking in bear habitat: The use of latent class stated preference choice model			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	315-316
	Keywords	MMV5, heterogeneous preferences, bear encounter, choice experiment, risk attitude
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 134			Serial	2816
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	Author	Highfill, T.; Franks, C.; Georgi, P.; Howells, T.
	Title	Introducung the outdoor recreation satellite account			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	315-317
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	The Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), part of the U.S. Department of Commerce, produces official macroeconomic and industry statistics for the U.S. economy. Through a collaborative effort with outdoor recreation economists, industry experts, and multiple government agencies, the BEA recently released the Outdoor Recreation Satellite Account (ORSA), a set of new statistics quantifying the U.S. outdoor recreation economy for 2012-2016. For the first time, the ORSA provides an estimate of the outdoor recreation economys contribution to current dollar gross domestic product (GDP), plus gross output, compensation, and employment by industry statistics.
	Call Number				Serial	4148
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	Author	Prescott, M.; Robillard, J.; Grandisson, M.; Mahmood, A.; Francois, R.; Best, K.L.; Labbe, D.; Mostafavi, M. A.; Miller, W. C.; Morales, E.; Sawatzky, B.; Bulk, L.; Aguilar-Carrasco, M. J.; Borisoff, J.; Mortenson, W. B.,
	Title	Providing accessible recreation outdoors: User-driven research on standards (PARCOURS) – Research protocol			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	316-317
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Although people with disabilities desire outdoor park experiences similar to other visitors, getting around parks and enjoying their features can be a challenge. There are environmental obstacles and hazards that affect the accessibility and enjoyment of parks (i.e., wayfaring) as well as difficulties maintaining orientation and direction (i.e., wayfinding) that can result in anxiety. These conditions can diminish the many benefits attributable to park participation. In Canada, federal parks have a duty to accommodate, as best they can, the diverse needs and preferences of people with disabilities who make up 22.3% of the population. In response to this imperative, Canada is in the process of developing accessibility standards to ensure universal access. The overarching purpose of this study, funded by Accessible Standards Canada (ASC), is to inform these standards through the lived experiences of people with disabilities. The objectives are to identify and prioritize the impact environmental factors have on the ability of individuals to gain access to and enjoyment of all aspects of the park experience, document the range of these requirements, and develop and prioritize standards that can be used by parks to promote accessibility in parks. The following describes the proposed protocol for the study.
	Call Number				Serial	4340
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	Author	Campbell, M.J.,
	Title	Monitoring Trail Use with Digital Still Cameras: Strengths, Limitations and Proposed Resolutions			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	317-321
	Keywords	MMV3, Monitoring, digital camera, data management, activity identification
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 742			Serial	2494
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	Author	Morais, P.; Benayas, J.,
	Title	Using ecotourism experiences to educate tourists: First results from a research in Figueira da Foz salt works (Portugal)			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	317-318
	Keywords	MMV5, ecotourism, education, tourist behaviour, salt works, sustainability
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 132			Serial	2817
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	Author	Skornik, I., Makovec, M.
	Title	Environmentally friendly visitation to Secovlje Salina Nature Park			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	317-318
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	The Secovlje Salina Nature Park is a national territory of high natural, cultural, economic and aesthetic values, the biodiversity of which can be maintained and regulated through sustainable management. The visitors in Secovlje Salina Nature Park are invited to experience the Park through various forms of guidance (information centres and points, information boards, trails, mobile applications), guided tours, workshops in nature, creative workshops and different education programs and lectures. Most suitable forms of recreation are those subjected to the Parks basic purposes. Our guests are recommended to visit the park on foot. To them, the park boards are intended, whereas from June 2016 onwards the Nexto mobile application, which enables an individual guided tour of the park, will also be available to them. The mobile guide is a good technological solution, as it helps us to conserve nature and cultural heritage without invasively encroaching upon it. The higher the number of the mobile application users visiting the natural features, the lower the number of information boards in the Park, which are unnecessary and often spoil the environment.
	Call Number				Serial	3959
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	Author	Yamaki, K.; Shoji, Y.,
	Title	Classification of trail settings in an alpine national park using the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum approach			Type
	Year	2004	Publication	Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 2 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	318-323
	Keywords	MMV2
	Abstract	Considering trail settings in alpine national parks is important for both conserving nature and maximizing the quality of the experience for visitors. This study examines classifying trails in Daisetsuzan National Park, Japan, using the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum approach. A questionnaire was used to obtain data from park visitors concerning their preferences for the facility developments, accessibility, and visitor encounters. The responses were classified into four groups according to the preferences expressed for the types of trail settings. The trails were classified according to their characteristics as described by park visitors. The northern part of the park, with easier access and moderate development, was preferred by all groups, and the southern part of the park was preferred only by the those who favored more primitive surroundings.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 314			Serial	2365
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	Author	Szczepanski, A.,
	Title	Outdoor Education – the hidden classroom in urban green settings			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	318-319
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 515			Serial	2959
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	Author	Sondergard Jensen, F.; Jacobsen, L.B.; Bakhtiari, F.Jellesmark Torsen, B.
	Title	The footprint of outdoor recreation on the Danish national economy			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	318-321
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	Politically, more focus has been given to the importance of nature areas for the Danish publics outdoor life in recent years – a focus culminating in the spring of 2015, when the Ministry of Environment published the first Danish national outdoor recreation policy (Miljøministeriet, 2015). In preparation of this policy, the national economic significance of outdoor recreation was called for. To meet this demand, the consumption related to the Danes’ outdoor recreation activities were estimated based on data collected through a questionnaire survey. Knowing this consumption allows for ’input-output’ analyses to calculate the proportion of Denmarks gross domestic product (GDP) that is attributable to the outdoor recreation activities of Danish households, and the related employment (Jacobsen et al., 2014).
	Call Number				Serial	4149
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	Author	Kling, K. G.,
	Title	Balancing values of accessible nature-based tourism, nature conservation and the visitor experience			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	318-319
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Spending time in nature and participating in outdoor activities has positive effects on the health and well-being of individuals, and nature-based tourism and outdoor recreation have the potential to provide an appropriate setting to engage in such activities (Farkic et al., 2020; Lackey et al., 2019). Even though our understanding of the benefits of nature experiences is well established, there remains unequal access to nature and nature-based activities among different groups in society. People with disabilities are often excluded from being able to fully participate in nature-based tourism and recreation due to physical and social barriers. There is therefore a need for natural areas to become more inclusive and cater to the needs of diverse groups of visitors (Menzies et al., 2020). The accommodation and adjustment of natural areas so that they become more inclusive for people with disabilities nevertheless entails some contradiction of values, especially between accessible nature-based tourism, nature conservation and the visitor experience (Corazon et al., 2019; Donlon, 2000). Increased accessibility in, as well as to, natural areas often means expanding infrastructure and improving facilities; actions which can have an impact on visitors perceptions of untouched nature and raise questions as to whether they are compatible with the objectives of nature conservation (Tverijonaite et al., 2018). However, political objectives of accessible nature for all are highly important in the context of social sustainability and social inclusion, and managers and planners of natural areas therefore have to balance these differing values in order to ensure that different interests and expectations are met. This balancing creates a moral dilemma concerning access to nature: who has access and who is excluded, and how should values be prioritised?
	Call Number				Serial	4341
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	Author	Rosa, P.; Almeida, M.; Carvalhinho, L.,
	Title	Nature sports in natural places: a contribution to the management of protected areas			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	319-320
	Keywords	MMV5, protected areas, nature sports, management models, visitor management
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 130			Serial	2818
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	Author	Melichar, J., Kaprova, K.
	Title	Measuring recreation benefits of forest quality change with contingent behavior model			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	319-322
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	In this study, a single site travel cost model is applied to infer recreational values placed by visitors on Jizerské hory Mountains (JH), one of the oldest landscape protected areas in the Czech Republic. Observed and stated behavior of recreationists are analyzed and used to estimate welfare changes associated with four hypothetical programs that improve or degrade the environmental quality in the area. The hypothetical scenarios are (i) decline of the forest quality of the existing spruce wood in the near future because of continuing air pollution (70% of spruce forest destroyed), (ii) change of forestry composition to 80% of broad-leaved trees which are more resistant to air pollution than spruce wood, (iii) the designation of the bird area as a Natura 2000 network which will cover 40% of the area and increases the number of birds, and (iv) charging an entrance fee into the bird area of 30 CZK.
	Call Number				Serial	3960
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	Author	Van Der Donk, M.; Cottrell, S.,
	Title	Developing a Visitor Management Framework for WWF’s PAN Parks Project – Case Study of a National Park in France			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	320-327
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	The purpose of this presentation is to discuss the visitor management planning process in progress at the Parc National du Mercantour in France. Park administration wishes to achieve World Wildlife Fund for Nature’s (WWF) designation as a PAN Park. Details concerning the development of a visitor management framework for WWF’s PAN Parks project will be given. Results will reflect practical aspects of Visitor Management Planning
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 510			Serial	2318
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	Author	Pouwels, R.; Jochem, R.; Henkens, R.J.H.G.,
	Title	Criteria for scientific tools for recreation planning in nature areas			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	320-324
	Keywords	MMV4, Adaptive management, integrating scientific tools, recreation planning, biodiversity
	Abstract	Recreation is increasing the last decades in Northwest-Europe. Although these visitors might have a negative impact on biodiversity values, they are important for the support of biodiversity actions. Therefore a major objective for planning and managing of visitor landscapes is to avoid the negative effects of recreational use and to ensure that expectations of visitors can be afforded. Scientific knowledge and scientific tools always have and always will be important in managing recreation in visitor landscapes. However it is an illusion scientists will deliver ready-to-go answers. In this paper we will define criteria that scientific tools should meet. We will follow the arguments of Haider [1] and McCool et al. [2] that the use of knowledge and tools should be implemented in decision strategies like adaptive management and use experiences from a case study of recreation planning in the New Forest (UK). We will show that scientific tools should be flexible to adapt to local data to gain credibility and legitimacy and should be able to show which management alternative is most likely to meet recreation objectives and conservation objectives. Therefore the recreation tool has to be linked to the biodiversity tool. The scientific tools also should be useful in communication between stakeholders so they learn each other’s key processes and values and better understand the “other side of the table”. Especially because stakeholders have different views about what should or should not be considered a problem.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1030			Serial	2636
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	Author	Tapaninen, M., Kajala, L., Erkkonen, J., Aarnio, M.,
	Title	Healthy parks healthy people Finland			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	320-321
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 516			Serial	2960
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	Author	Dahlberg, A.; Borgstrom, S.,
	Title	A just access to urban green commons? The case of people using wheelchairs in Stockholm			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	320-321
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Urban green space and urban green infrastructure as contributors to city qualities have received growing scholarly and practical attention. Of the many forms of urban green space, we focus on urban green commons (UGC), arguing that issues of environmental justice are highlighted and strengthened in the perspective of commons. The UGC concept has been used with slightly different meanings, where e.g. Németh (2012) defines urban commons (not only green spaces) as being collectively owned, held in joint use, and to which everyone has access. Coldings and Barthels (2013:157) definition of UGC includes urban green space of varied ownership and which “depend on collective organization and management”, as e.g. community gardens and allotment gardens, which are not open to all. In this study, we define UGC as green spaces that legally are accessible to anyone, which in a Swedish context is where the Right of Public Access applies (SEPA 2020). However, just because you have the legal right of access does not mean that you have realized access.We focus on access in a broad sense explored from an environmental justice perspective. The degree of access is often defined quantitatively such as proximity to green spaces, or by how many from a certain social group use these spaces (Kabisch & Haase 2014). However, access is a complex concept, and inspired by Rigolon (2016) we include mental (e.g. fear), social (e.g. company), physical (e.g. roots, ice), and structural (e.g. transport, information) aspects of access. There are different ways of theorizing and analyzing environmental justice (e.g. Anguelovski 2020), and in this study, we follow Svarstad and Benjaminsen (2020), who defines environmental justice as distributive, recognition, procedural, and capabilities, and Rutt and Gulsrud (2016) who apply this lens on access to UGC. We find that within these categories all aspects of environmental justice can be explored.UGC are intended to be accessible for all people – but is that really the case? Loftus (2020) raises the question about what really is included in the expression “all the people” that often is used in policy and planning declarations, also concerning urban green spaces. But are they in practice UGC from an environmental justice perspective? The use of UGC is increasingly studied, but people with impaired mobility, e.g. using a wheelchair, is one example of a group whose access to urban green spaces has been largely neglected. Most studies about this group include all disabilities (Burns 2013) or are not focused solely on the urban context (Burns 2013, Stigsdotter 2018). However, Corazon et al. (2019) present a qualitative study with people with mobility impairment in cities.
	Call Number				Serial	4342
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	Author	Šakic, R.,
	Title	Education of school children in special nature reserve “Gornje Podunavlje” (Serbia)			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	321-322
	Keywords	MMV5, protected area, school children, education, recreation, learning
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 128			Serial	2819
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	Author	Hennig, S.,
	Title	Going Ahead: From Visitor Monitoring to Recreational Use Monitoring – The Example of the EU Regional Recreation Area Berchtesgaden National Park / Salzburger Kalkhochalpen			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	322-328
	Keywords	MMV3, Visitor monitoring, visitor management, recreational use, stakeholder, nature and landscape compatible recreation activities, visitor counting, recreation infrastructure, large protected areas, national park regions, workflow
	Abstract	Recreation is an important issue for protected areas and especially for national parks where visitor numbers are growing. This can be seen as a result of the increasing interest in nature- and landscape based recreation. Consequently, there is a rising demand to manage this kind of human use accordingly. Therefore, measures must be based on well-founded data as well as widespread knowledge and understanding of recreation. Associated investigations must not only focus on visitors. Interest must also inhere to infrastructure, nature- and landscape compatible activity forms, and stakeholders. Another aspect is the need to incorporate protected areas in a larger planning framework. All too often national parks are regarded as something apart from the adjacent lands. But particularly recreation in park areas cannot be seen separately from the surroundings. By integrating all data regarding to recreation in databases and GIS, persons responsible for management-decisions can gain a comprehensive impression of this object. An according monitoring- system considering feasibility and continuation as well as the (future) workflow is worked out in an exemplary manner within the scope of the InterReg-IIIa project “EuRegional Recreational Area Berchtesgaden National Park/ Salzburger Kalkhochalpen”.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 744			Serial	2495
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	Author	Ihlebæk, C.,
	Title	Care farming – using the farm environment for rehabilitation			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	322-323
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 517			Serial	2961
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	Author	Shimazaki, Y.; Crowley, C.
	Title	Measuring tourism in public natural parks in Japan			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	322-324
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	This study introduces methods of measuring visitors in Japanese public natural parks, and discusses associated problems and areas for future efforts in park management. We also discuss the use of data to estimate economic impacts from recreational use by visitors.
	Call Number				Serial	4150
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	Author	Wolf, I. D.; Waitt, G.,
	Title	Wellbeing geovisualization: geographies of difference, accessibility and everyday natures.			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	322-323
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Some of the benefits for people whose everyday routines are organized to incorporate interactions with places for nature are well established in the liveable cities literature. Officially designated greenspaces, including parks and reserves, for instance not only play an important role in maintaining biodiversity and socio-ecological functions; they offer urban recreationists the opportunity to exercise, socialize and relax (Torland, Weiler, Moyle & Wolf, 2015; Wolf, Stricker, & Hagenloh, 2015). And yet the multitude of benefits of urban places of nature remains largely understudied (Wolf, Ainsworth & Crowley, 2017). Also places that may be socially constituted as natural beyond official categories of greenspace are often not included when researching the benefits of engagement with places for nature. This project enrolls a participatory geographic information system (PGIS) and specifically visualization to better understand the relationships between everyday natures and wellbeing.
	Call Number				Serial	4343
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	Author	Soliva, R.; Hunziker, M.,
	Title	Landscape scenarios for the Swiss Alps			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	323-324
	Keywords	MMV5, mountain agriculture, market liberalisation, wilderness development, landscape preferences
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 126			Serial	2820
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	Author	Markov, M., Radic-Lakos, T., Perisic, A., Bracanov, V.
	Title	Profile characteristics and satisfaction of Kornati National Park visitors			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	323-325
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	The Kornati Archipelago is situated in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea. It stretches over an area of 320 km2 and includes 149 island, isles and reefs. Part of the Archipelago encompassing 89 land units and adjacent marine area with total 217 m2 was proclaimed National Park in 1980 due to exceptional geomorphological features, anthropogenic terrestrial vegetation, rich marine biodiversity and oceanographic specificities. Tourism was gradually introduced in the Kornati Archipelago in the 1970s. This was the period of the major changes in the lives of the local people up to that time, which had a strong impact on the overall appearance of the Archipelago. The development of tourism activities was made possible with the appearance of fast-motorized boats, making the Archipelago more accessible. The local people turned to tourism and adapted their small houses for tourist accommodation and opened taverns and restaurants.
	Call Number				Serial	3961
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	Author	Lee, J., Buerger-Arndt, R.,
	Title	Understanding the healing function of urban forests in Germany and in Korea			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	324-325
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 518			Serial	2962
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	Author	Karlsdottir, B.; O'Brien, L.,
	Title	How mobile apps can draw families to the forest			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	324-325
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Forestry England has a history of producing chil-drens activity trails at their forest sites based on popular media characters such as Zog and Stick-man. The aim of these trails is to engage children and families with the forest through forest-based activities with stories which are meaningful to children. For a recent trail based on Shaun the Sheep (an animated film by Aardman Animations), Forestry England partnered with Sport England to also encourage increased physical activity. Some of the trails have been app-based, using technology to provide visitors with chal-lenges and fun interactive and augmented reality elements. Activity packs are sold on site with stickers and activity booklets linked with the apps which are free. Signposts or statues of characters provide clues along the trails. Previous surveys have shown that the trails, especially the Gruffalo Spotters in 2017, have brought a high number of visitors to the forest. Encouraging increased visits to forest sites and other natural environments brings multiple, phys-ical, psychological and social benefits to visi-tors (OBrien et al., 2011; Houlden et al., 2018; Twohig-Bennett and Jones, 2018). Further bene-fits can be gained from undertaking physical activ-ity in forest settings (OBrien, 2019).The Forestry England trails are targeted at younger age-groups, usually ranging somewhere between 3-12 years. With mental disorders among children and young people on the rise (NHS, 2018), coupled with concerns about childrens lack of engagement with nature, it is important to design interventions for children that provide opportunities for nature-based social interactions, physical activities and cognitive res-toration. The Forestry England trails provide such opportunities through designing attractive mo-bile apps based on much loved childrens charac-ters. Time used by children on electronic media is negatively correlated with time spent in nature and connectedness to nature, and can lead to physical and psychological health prob-lems (Larson et al., 2019). However, the two are not mutually exclusive and Human-Computer Interactions (HCI) technology can improve both time spent in nature and connectedness to na-ture. Exploratory technology such as the Forestry England apps help “encourage children to ex-plore outdoors in nature” (Anggarendra and Brereton, 2016)
	Call Number				Serial	4344
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	Author	Bambi, G.; Panero, V.,
	Title	A modern net of paths for every type of hiking: new possibilities in order to discover and to promote a protected area			Type
	Year	2004	Publication	Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 2 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	325-329
	Keywords	MMV2
	Abstract	The recreational and protected areas are increasingly undertaking a social function toward becoming a real destination for holidays and travel equal to famous tourist locations. In Italy this type of “green ecotourism” is spreading as an alternative type of tourism enabling it to repopulate the countryside and to exploit the history and culture of rural territories. To demonstrate how hiking in general can be a way to discover and to promote a protected rural area from the perspective of a tourist point of view, one of the most beautiful Italian areas has been examined, the Casentino Valley in Tuscany.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 316			Serial	2366
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	Author	Ziener, K.,
	Title	Formal concept analysis – a method for exploring complex responses of tourist surveys			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	325-329
	Keywords	MMV4, Formal Concept Analysis, hierarchical structures, Lake Neusiedl Region, tourist surveys
	Abstract	The Formal concept analysis goes back to the 1940s and is advanced by Rudolf Wille in the eighties. Based on the algebraic lattice theory so-called concept lattices will be used for visualisation of hierarchical structures in a line diagram. The method needs as input a context consisting of sets of objects and attributes and a binary relation between these objects and attributes. In a concept lattice quantitative and qualitative data can be combined and relations between the objects as well as between the attributes can be analysed. Therefore concept lattices are suitable for analysing the results of surveys. The respondents and their answer patterns constitute the context. Precondition is a hierarchical structure of the answers (e.g. ordinal ordered data). In this presentation will be demonstrated how to use the line graph of the concept lattice for analysing complex questions of tourist surveys. As an example the main activities of about 600 tourists and daily visitors in the Lake Neusiedl Region are analysed. With the procedure of Formal Concept Analysis the different answer patterns of respondents are arranged as nodes in a line diagram. This diagram is constructed by means of two partial concept lattices that will be integrated later. The interpretation of the line graph will start at the biggest nodes, consider the whole structure of the graph and include additional attributes in order to describe groups of tourists with the same activity pattern.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1032			Serial	2637
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	Author	Vukolov, V.; Woodward, D.,
	Title	Ecotourism expedition to the Ile-Alatau National Park			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	325-326
	Keywords	MMV5, ecotourism, Ile Alatau National Park, Northern Tyan-Shan, protected areas, Kazakhstan, Zailiiskiy Alatau
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 124			Serial	2821
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	Author	White, E.M.; English, D.K.
	Title	Measuring the spending of visitors to U.S. national forests over two decades			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	325-327
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	Understanding the magnitude and characteristics of spending by individuals recreating on national forests is key to describing how recreation use of the NFS affects the economy, both in communities around national forests and nationally. We have been conducting long-term research on recreation visitor spending patterns as part of the Forest Service National Visitor Use Monitoring (NVUM) Program. In this paper, we describe our approach to estimating visitor spending patterns and magnitude and report on the observed stability in spending patterns over time.
	Call Number				Serial	4151
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	Author	Wolf-Watz, D.,
	Title	The outdoor recreation – environmentalism relationship			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	326-327
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 519			Serial	2963
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	Author	Ishiuchi, T., Kawamoto, Y., Huruie, I.
	Title	Study on Comfort Evaluation using Brain Waves and Questionnaire Survey in Outdoor Spaces			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	326-327
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Modern society can be stressful, and there is growing interest in the creation of comfortable living space. Many studies of urban space have focused on ways of creating relaxing space and comforting environments. For example, green space at highway rest facilities has been found to ease driver stress (Iwasaki et al., 2007). In recent years, devices for measuring biological information that were originally used in the field of medicine have become generally available and are being used in a variety of research fields. Research into the evaluation of urban space is no exception, and many researchers are now using biological information to quantify the effects of spatial recognition on the human body. Examples are the measurement of salivary amylase levels (Nakagawa et al., 2014) and brain waves in moving subjects (Miura et al., 2005). Here, we quantified the difference between the healing effects and stress-reduction effects of green space and general street space (including space at a train station), by a using inexpensive EEG (electroencephalography or “brain wave”) machine. Our aim was to quantitatively verify the healing and stress-reduction effects of these spaces by using EEG measurement and a psychological analysis performed with a questionnaire survey.
	Call Number				Serial	3962
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	Author	Palsdottir, A.; O'Brien, L.; Dolling, A.,
	Title	Nature-based vocational training for nature conservation and human wellbeing in Skåne, Sweden			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	326-327
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	There has been an increase in the flow of refugees, migrants, immigrants, and asylum seekers into Europe from the Middle East and Africa, which has meant that their integration into societies has become an important topic. The Nordic countries have received a higher number of migrants per capita basis over the past few years than other European countries (Pitkänen et al.2017; Gentin et al., 2019). In 2015, about 163,000 people sought asylum in Sweden and the integration of these people into Swedish society has become an important focus for the government (Swedish Institute 2015-2018). Nature-based solutions have been defined by the European Commission as solutions that are inspired and supported by nature (European Commission, 2015 p5), and nature-based interventions can be used as solutions for a variety of purposes and with different groups within society. Pitkänen et al. (2017) found there is increasing interest in nature-based solutions which are seen as having the potential to be a cost-effective and efficient means of integrating migrants into host societies. A number of nature-based integration projects have been created in Nordic countries; they are mainly voluntary for migrants but can combine integration or labour market training or vocational and medical rehabilitation.
	Call Number				Serial	4345
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	Author	Findlay, C.; Southwell, K.; Ward Thompson, C.; Salheen, M.; Aspinall, P.,
	Title	The Effectiveness of Wayfinding Systems with Forest Users			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	328-334
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	Forest wayfinding systems include the sources of information, content and presentation, that potential visitors use to find forest sites and maximise their experience of forest recreation. This paper presents original research from an on-going user-led study of signage at forest recreational sites across the UK, and is part-funded by the Forestry Commission. Research methods used in the study included structured interviews with forest users, a signage audit, observation-based behavioural studies and exploratory work with space syntax. The starting point for the study was an apparent low rating of satisfaction with road signs by visitors to Forestry Commission sites in annual visitor surveys. Signs are “…the most visible manifestation of corporate face” and function to “…provide reliable and accessible information to encourage and welcome visitors” (Forest Enterprise Signs Manual, 1997). Good signs also form part of a positive perception of woodlands (Burgess, 1995) and may be considered within the context of removing barriers to the use of the countryside by disabled people and socially excluded groups. The research found evidence that there were some problems with forest wayfinding, but that these problems are related more to the context, content and location of signs, rather than the materials and details of sign design. More consideration needs to be given to identifying the minimum but key information needs of users at key locations within the forest site. Signs are costly to design, construct, install and maintain, and a crucial concern must be to provide the minimum information for maximum benefit, based on what the user needs to know at each stage of the journey and forest experience. The study also highlighted the role of signage in site promotion, visitor expectations, conflicts between different user groups and accessibility of information. A model for signage to satisfy visitor information needs was developed. The results presented here cover phase 1 of the project and it is anticipated that the methodology developed during the research will have practical applications in evaluating and developing new signage systems, and the training of forest and other recreational site managers.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 512			Serial	2319
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	Author	Fox, D., Xu, F.,
	Title	Evolutionary and cultural influences on interactions with nature: a comparison of British and Chinese visitors to the New Forest National Park and Jiuzhaigou National Scenic Area			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	328-329
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 520			Serial	2964
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