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	Author	Burns, R.; Graefe, A.; English, D.,
	Title	Visitor measuring and monitoring challenges on remote national forests: The case of Alaska, USA			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	134-134
	Keywords	MMV4, Alaska, recreation use, national forests, visitor monitoring
	Abstract	The purpose of this project was to identify and evaluate the set of issues associated with recreation use studies measuring and monitoring in Region 10 of the USDA Forest Service (Alaska), and more specifically within the Chugach and Tongass National Forests. The unique environment and conditions of Alaska have long posed significant challenges to recreation monitoring efforts, and several previous efforts have been undertaken to address this topic, both internally (Reed, 2003) and externally (Stynes, 2006). The US Forest Service uses the National Visitor Use Monitoring (NVUM) protocol to measure and monitor visitor use on all of its national forests. In 2000, an initial attempt to measure visitor use on the Tongass National Forest was conducted. Only 138 of 165 planned sampling days were completed, resulting in a completion rate of 84 percent (USDA 2001). This was the lowest achievement rate among all regions, which averaged 95 percent overall. An in depth review suggested that weather was not a factor and that the low accomplishment rate was attributable to personnel and strategic problems experienced by the sample districts. Approximately 12 interviews were conducted, along with a review of literature focusing on this issue. A series of approximately 20—25 recommendations were made to managers as a result of the review and interviews. It is intended that the results of this review will ultimately aid in customizing the survey protocol and instruments for the National Visitor Use Monitoring (NVUM) and related recreation use monitoring studies in this region.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 946			Serial	2594
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	Author	Wachowicz, M.; Maldonado, A.; Vazquez Hoehne, A.,
	Title	MovementMapper: the movement simulation of visitors in nature areas			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	134-135
	Keywords	MMV5, movement analysis, trajectory simulation, movement surface, recreational activity
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 232			Serial	2737
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	Author	Ham, S., Sandberg, E.,
	Title	Interpretation as strategic communication in protected area management			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	134-135
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 433			Serial	2877
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	Author	Melsas, M.
	Title	Handicapped opportunities on public beaches, example of Stroomi beach			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	134-135
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3085
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	Author	Kajala, L., Karoles-Viia, K.
	Title	Long term visitor monitoring in protected and recreational areas – results from Finland and Estonia			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	134-136
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Parks & Wildlife Finland (P&WF) is a unit of Metsahallitus that manages Finland’s national parks and other state-owned protected and recreational areas. Estonian State Management Centre (SFMC) is responsible for managing the Estonian state forests and providing opportunities for outdoor recreation in state forests and protected areas. Both agencies have monitored protected and recreational area visitors with similar methodology for more than ten years, P&WF Finland since year 2000 and SFMC since year 2002 (Metsahallitus 2016a, Metsahallitus 2016b, Karoles & Maran 2014). When visitor information is gathered with uniform and systematic visitor monitoring methods across areas and time, it provides invaluable possibilities for comparisons (Hornback & Eagles 1999, Kajala et al. 2007). This paper examines international visitor information, comparing national level visitor monitoring statistics from Estonia and Finland.
	Call Number				Serial	3901
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	Author	Mangachena, J.; Pickering, C.,
	Title	Why are some species more popular with wildlife tourists: Insights from South Africa.			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	134-135
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Wildlife tourism is popular in many countries and often takes place in protected areas including in developing countries (Higginbottom and Tribe, 2004). Income generated from this type of tourism can contribute to the economy and provide employment in rural areas, including in South Africa (Naidoo et al. 2011). Considering its potential benefits, it is important for those providing wildlife tourism opportunities to know which species are attractive to tourists and why. A common way to obtain this information is by surveying visitors in parks, and this has been done in a range of parks in South Africa, but how do the studies compare, and what species were most popular overall and why? To assess tourists preferences for wildlife tourism in South Africa, we examined data from multiple published surveys in several parks and private game reserves to: 1) examine consistency in species popularity among locations and visitors, and 2) identify species traits that may account for differences in popularity.
	Call Number				Serial	4260
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	Author	Roose, A.,
	Title	Designing visitor monitoring system in Estonian nature reserves combining passive mobile positioning with other counting methods			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	132-133
	Keywords	MMV5, visitor monitoring, nature reserves, mobile positioning
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 234			Serial	2736
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	Author	Taylor, S.
	Title	Understanding mountain bikers’ choices of recreational settings			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	132-133
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3116
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	Author	Miller, A.; Blahna, D.; Leung, Y.; Morse, W.; Rowland, M.,
	Title	The recreation ecosystem: A social-ecological systems application for recreation ecology highlighting wildlife			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	132-133
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Research outside the recreation ecology field investigates the benefits of natural ecosystems on recreationists, benefits of recreation on the protected ecosystems in which it occurs, and negative impacts of ecosystem components on recreation. Other, less common explorations apply ecological concepts to understand recreation opportunities, activities, and behavior. However, empirical research investigating relationships between social and ecological systems in the recreation context within the same research project (e.g. DAntonio et al. 2013) are sparse. A recent review of the recreation ecology literature revealed this scarcity, with only 3.4% of articles considered interdisciplinary (Sumanapala & Wolf 2019). Interdisciplinary research is critical in understanding how social and ecological systems work together in the outdoor recreation context. This gap could be addressed through development of a framework for interdisciplinary studies in recreation ecology.
	Call Number				Serial	4259
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	Author	Rupf, R.; Stauble, A.
	Title	Monitoring methods of winter backcountry recreation in a wildlife sanctuary			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	131-134
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	Wildlife management is an important issue in areas near human settlements and agricultural landscapes, such as the European Alps. In order to objectively assess the impact of backcountry winter routes and to increase acceptance of the results, the transparent recording of parameters such as the number of athletes or their area load is helpful. In this study we tested various different monitoring methods.
	Call Number				Serial	4081
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	Author	Delafontaine, M.; Neutens, T.; Van De Weghe, N.,
	Title	Delineating potential trajectories in constrained environments using rough space-time prisms			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	130-131
	Keywords	MMV5, time geography, space-time prism, spatiotemporal uncertainty
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 236			Serial	2735
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	Author	English, D., Askew, A., Bowker, J.,
	Title	Recreation travelers’ carbon footprint			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	130-131
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 432			Serial	2876
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	Author	Virkkunen,V.; Erkkonen, J.; Kajala, L.; Aarnio,M.; Mansikkaviita, R.; Lepikkö,T.; Kaikkonen, H.; Korpelainen, R.
	Title	Identifying health and wellbeing benefits perceived by visitors in Finnish protected areas			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	130-131
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3126
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	Author	Van den Berg, J.
	Title	Online visitor monitoring in Dutch nature reserves and National Parks			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	130-133
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	The Netherlands is a delta area and is a haven for a large share of the European habitats. Out of roughly 200 European habitattypes the Netherlands houses almost 50 habitattypes on just a very small part of Europe that is densely populated. Staatsbosbeheer – commissioned by the government – manages a considerable share of all nature reserves and National Parks in the Netherlands. Staatsbosbeheer is promoting outdoor-recreation at as many sites as possible. We had to collect – in a very short time – data regarding our visitors per site. As we are provincial organised the data had to be collected likewise. We wanted to do this for a great number of the most visited sites per province. The collection of the data had to be uniform and without any effort for our local rangers. So we decided to perform online visitor research.The data we wanted to collect should be usuable in ranking our most visited sites and had to increase our knowledge of visitors as well. The key performance indicators we decided to collect regarding each individual nature site were meant to form an objective set of data leading to insights that informs our decision-making.
	Call Number				Serial	3900
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	Author	Fennell, D.; Moorhouse, T.,
	Title	Towards a model for the assessment of conservation, welfare, and governance in wildlife tourism attractions			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	130-130
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	In the absence of appropriate standards to regulate wildlife tourism attractions (WTAs), the treatment of animals is morally justifiable on the basis of what tourists find acceptable. Under this model, there is little motivation for operators to improve standards if tourists do not leave reputationally damaging feedback. Given this current state, the objectives of this paper are twofold. First, we wish to highlight and categorise existing systemic barriers that prevent the operation of a green market for WTAs. Second, we combine knowledge of these barriers with a recently published theoretical framework on animal justice to derive an initial, robust set of practical criteria with which non-expert tourists can externally assess – and accurately represent to other tourists – ethical standards at WTAs. These criteria allow tourists to better understand the scope and consequences of the proper and improper use of animals in tourism, which, in turn, will hopefully induce positive change along governance, conservation and animal welfare lines.
	Call Number				Serial	4258
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	Author	Cottrell, S.,
	Title	Predictive Model of Responsible Environmental Behaviour: Application as a Visitor-Monitoring Tool			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	129-135
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	This working paper presents a framework for understanding responsible environmental behaviour as a visitor-monitoring tool. Visitor use data forms the basis of any successful visitor management plan to understand user knowledge, awareness and attitudes about pollution issues in order to develop management policies and actions that enhance appropriate visitor behaviour. A case study of the application of a predictive behavioural model on the Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, USA involving boater environmental behaviour as a social indicator is discussed. Results indicate that knowledge of water pollution issues, awareness of the consequences, equipment issues such as boat length and boat type, and situational factors that constrain or hinder appropriate behaviour were indicators of appropriate behaviour. A structural equation path diagram model was tested using AMOS student version 4.01 using up to seven of the eight predictors from boating behaviour case study to demonstrate the strength of a path analysis procedure. Results model those of the stepwise regression procedures used in the original study, yet the path diagrams demonstrate ease of interpreting the structural relationships among variables in a regression equation. Implications for management actions in the case study situation are given followed by a proposed researchmonitoring program coupling social science techniques with the natural sciences.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 452			Serial	2289
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	Author	Beunders, N.M.A.,
	Title	Visitor Management and Destination Management as Tools for Sustainable Regional Development			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	129-134
	Keywords	MMV3, Visitor management, local community, sustainable regional development, sustainable tourism development, destination management, supply chains, biodiversity, conservation
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 632			Serial	2440
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	Author	Bråtå, H.O.; Moranduzzo, M.,
	Title	Managing and monitoring allowance for new second homes in the Rondane Region, Norway			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	129-133
	Keywords	MMV4, Common pool resource, regional planning, Rondane, second homes, wild reindeer
	Abstract	The Rondane mountain region, in South-East Norway, is very popular for recreational purposes. The region is also the habitat for 4500 wild reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). The reindeer are hunted in controlled forms as part of the area management and harvesting of nature. This rural region suffers from decreasing population figures, reduced agricultural activity and declining economic activity in general. Boosting economic activity by increasing tourism, especially in second homes, is thought to be one way of mitigating this decline. Increased recreational activity may however negatively influence a sustainable development of the wild reindeer herd. In order to manage this possibly conflicting interest, local and regional authorities in 1991 set up a regional development plan, covering relevant parts of 14 municipalities in the Hedmark and Oppland counties. Research indicates that taken actions to some extent have managed to balance increase in tourism and protect vital space for wild reindeer. Still, the exact localization of existing and new second homes, and hence the development of new interventions, was until some years ago, not possible to analyse at an aggregated level. Such monitoring is important. A Norwegian real estate register, mapping the exact geographic position of buildings and their year of construction, has however become an important means for such monitoring. By the end of 2005 there were about 18,000 second homes mapped in the region. Increased GIS knowledge has now made it possible to develop detailed analysis of localization of second homes, i.e. distance from the wild reindeer core area, and analyse the development by statistic tools. This is a breakthrough and is anticipated to influence the management of the region and strengthen the potential for balancing economic activity and maintenance of biological diversity.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 944			Serial	2593
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	Author	Williams, D.; Champ, J.; Lundy, C.; Cole, D.,
	Title	Using visitor generated Internet content as a recreation monitoring tool			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	128-129
	Keywords	MMV5, discourse, visitor preferences, substitution, place attachment, meaning
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 222			Serial	2734
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	Author	Lankia, T., Pouta, E.,
	Title	Effects of water quality changes on recreation benefits in Finland: Combined travel cost and contingent behavior model			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	128-129
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 431			Serial	2875
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	Author	Warmouth, J.; Skibins, J.; Schuler, G.,
	Title	Cold as Ice? Arctic tourists epiphanies and connection to wildlife			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	128-129
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Wildlife tourism is expected to produce conservation benefits for species observed during a trip. This is due, in part, to the unique wildlife encounters that occur during such trips. It is hypothesized that the more unique and rare animal encounters in the wild are, the more likely tourists will be to realize heightened emotional states. Previous studies have explored tourists emotional connection to wildlife (i.e., conservation caring) and environmental epiphanies as two constructs to evaluate the effect of wildlife tourism experiences. Furthermore, these constructs are shown to have a direct positive influence on conservation behaviors. This study investigated tourists conservation caring and environmental epiphany levels during a 10-day wildlife viewing cruise through the Svalbard Islands (Norway).The purpose of this study is to explore 1) if arctic tourism is capable of stimulating an environmental epiphany; 2) the emotional connections (i.e., conservation caring) arctic tourists form with wildlife, and 3) the relationship between environmental epiphanies and conservation caring.
	Call Number				Serial	4257
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	Author	Van Wagtendonk, J.W.,
	Title	Simulation modeling of visitor flows: where have we been and where are we going?			Type
	Year	2004	Publication	Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 2 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	127-134
	Keywords	MMV2
	Abstract	The Wilderness area Simulation Model was developed in 1972 by Resources for the Future with programming assistance from IBM. It simulates parties moving through a wilderness and records the number of encounters each party experiences. The model has been applied to the Spanish Peaks Primitive Area in Montana, the Adirondack Forest Reserve in New York, the Desolation Wilderness in California, the complex of the wilderness areas surrounding and including Yosemite National Park, the Green and Yampa Rivers in Dinosaur Monument, the Colorado River in Grand Canyon National Park, and the Appalachian National Scenic Trail in Vermont. In its time, the model was a useful tool for establishing the relationship between use levels and encounters and testing management alternatives. As innovative as the model was, recent advances in behavioral science and computer technology have rendered it out of date.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 405			Serial	2410
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	Author	Vujičić, M.; Vasiljević,D.
	Title	Valuing abiotic nature – upgrading preliminary version of Geosite Assessment Model (GAM) by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	127-129
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3129
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	Author	Staab, J.; Taubenbock, H.; Hob, H.
	Title	Monitoring Visitor Numbers with computer vision			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	127-129
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	Utilizing cameras to count visitors has proven to be accurate, traceable and rich in features (Arnberger et al., 2005). However, extracting data from the imagery manually consumes large resources, limiting the utilization of camera observations to short-term monitoring projects. In this work, we apply and test computer vision to characterize visitors at the Biosphere Reserve Schorfheide-Chorin in Germany in an automatic manner.
	Call Number				Serial	4080
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	Author	Lindberg, K., Fredman, P.,
	Title	Uncertainty in the contribution of outdoor recreation to local and national economies			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	126-127
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 430			Serial	2874
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	Author	Latosinska, B., Brandenburg, C., Czachs, C., Muhar, A., Grabowski, M., Sobanska, E., Pikus, A., Rothert, M., Taczanowska, K.
	Title	Social media dynamics affecting differences between online and on -site surveys: First findings from a case study in the Tricity Landscape Park, Poland			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	126-129
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Managers of parks and forestshave to optimize the allocation of resources to provide new recreational infrastructure and maintain the existing one.In order to successfully managerecreationalareas and to gain realistic view on actual visitation levels as well as visitors’ needs and expectations, it is necessary to find reliable and effective tools and methods for visitor data collection and analysis(Kajala et al., 2007,Cessford, Muhar, 2003). In recent years, the use of online surveys in outdoor recreation research as complement to traditional survey methods (on-site, mail and telephone surveys) has been significantly expanded. Comparability of data gathered from traditional paper interviewing and from online surveys is a subject of discourse in many fields of social science research (Namhun, Xiaojuan, Zvi, 2013, Dolnicar, Laesser, Matus, 2009, Yetter, Capaccioli, 2010). Personal interviewson-site survey and online survey may involve respondents with different sociodemographic profiles because of the different mode. Furthermore, both approaches differ in place and time of interviewing. On-site surveys take place during a trip in a forest and the online survey at a random moment while browsing the internet. In this setting other influencing factors may play a significant role. In outdoor recreation research sampling biases and the influence of social media dynamics on participation in online surveys and representativity of results have not yet been sufficiently researched.
	Call Number				Serial	3899
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	Author	Berge, T.B.,
	Title	Between a rock and a hard place: How nature guides in Arctic Svalbard navigate conflicting norms			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	126-127
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Human-wildlife interactions in the context of tourism have received significant attention in the academic literature. However, non-consumptive wildlife watching tourism taking place in animals natural habitats has received less attention than hunting and fishing tourism and human interactions with captive wildlife. Meanwhile, increasing global pressure to visit remote places with unique fauna requires an improved focus on wildlife viewing tourism in animals natural habitat. Tourisms interest in exotic and endangered species is growing and poses a considerable challenge, particularly evident in the Arctic. Polar bear tourism exemplifies the paradox where a vulnerable species is synonymous with both attractive tourism experiences as well as being a symbol of climate change (Lemelin & Dyck, 2008). Also, the demand for close interactions with wildlife has been stimulated and reinforced by marketing and behavioral trends, which poses new challenges to the niche. Therefore, wildlife destinations must strive for comprehensive and interdisciplinary management strategies taking into account both conservation and animal welfare concerns (Winter, 2020).
	Call Number				Serial	4256
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	Author	Monteiro, L.; Svobodova, K.; Sklenička, P.
	Title	Monitoring the patterns of visitor use at World Heritage sites			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	125-126
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3091
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	Author	Bay-Larsen, I.; Bjøru, R.; Eilertsen, S.M.; Fedreheim, G.E.,
	Title	Integrated Conservation Processes – A Tool for Reducing Conflicts in Area Conservation Processes			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	124-128
	Keywords	MMV3, Integrated conservation process, use – protection conflicts, use – use conflicts, stakeholders, business development local participation
	Abstract	Experimental trampling was conducted in a coastal sand dune community located in a State Park in Southeastern, Brazil. To evaluate the effects it was used 5 permanent plots. The trampling intensities were 25, 75, 200, 500 and 1,000 passes and each plot had a control area. Response to trampling was assessed by determining species composition, vegetation cover and height evaluation, right after trampling, 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 1 year after trampling. The same parameters were evaluated just before trampling. Although there was a substantial loss of vegetation cover on 500 and 1,000 treatment plots, the study area was recovered in a few months. Reductions in height occurred with less impact: 200 passes. The 500 and 1,000 pass interference didn’t show statistical difference for cover and 200, 500 or 1,000 passes were statistically similar for the community, suggesting weak linearity between impact and amount of use. The results show that this community has a good resilience; probably in response to the natural stress the vegetation suffers continuously. The vegetation’s changes in species composition seem to be more accurate; especially the extinction of rare species and the introduction of alien ones.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 630			Serial	2439
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	Author	Taczanowska, K.; Brandenburg, C.; Arnberger, A.; Tomek, H.; Muhar, A.,
	Title	GIS as a tool supporting understanding of visitor flows in recreational areas			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	124-127
	Keywords	MMV5, GIS, visitor flows, spatial analysis, spatial behaviour, nature-based tourism, recreation
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 224			Serial	2733
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	Author	Arnegger, J.,
	Title	Protected areas, the tourist bubble and regional economic development			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	124-125
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 429			Serial	2873
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	Author	Hegetschweiler, T., Plum, C., Brandli, U.-B., Fischer, C., Ginzler, C., Hunziker, M.
	Title	Physical and social aspects of forest recreation – approaches to a comprehensive monitoring			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	124-125
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Forest monitoring normally either focuses on physical aspects such as tree species, stand structure, vegetation cover, etc. or on social aspects, namely forest recreation and the relationship of people with the forest. However, especially regarding forest recreation, both the physical characteristics of the forest in which recreation takes place as well as the social aspects such as visitor preferences and behaviour play an important role. A clearer understanding of the interactions of society and forest and in particular better knowledge of the interrelation of physical forest characteristics and forest recreation would allow better managing of the forest with regard to societal needs. Physical forest characteristics are often assessed by forest inventories, for which data is normally collected from sample plots on a systematic grid across the country (Tomppo et al., 2010). In order to assess the social dimension of forest recreation, nationwide surveys are conducted in several countries on a regular basis to provide valuable information about the relationship of the population with the forest, usage patterns, motivations for forest recreation, etc. (Sievanen et al., 2008). However, there is no spatially explicit link to the physical forest, or forest characteristics are dealt with in a minor way, e.g. by using photographs without underlying physical forest data. The question arises whether National Forest Inventories (NFIs) and socio-cultural forest monitoring (usually nationwide questionnaire surveys) could be combined to explain and possibly even predict forest recreation patterns from forest-related and visitor-related data.
	Call Number				Serial	3898
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	Author	Schallinger, T.; Rolf W.; Rueede, D.
	Title	GPS-Based Visitor Monitoring in Protected Areas Using Mobile Tracking Application Data – A Case Study in Black Forest National Park			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	124-126
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	Today, due to the progress in information and communication technologies and widespread mobile internet use, new, innovative approaches involving secondary crowdsourced volunteered geographic information (VGI) data are emerging . It was thus examined to what extent using online available GPS-tracked routes via mobile applications is applicable and beneficial as an alternative, cost-effective method to provide data for visitor monitoring in PAs.
	Call Number				Serial	4079
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	Author	Nygaard, V.J.,
	Title	Staging the wild: Photographers behaviour and attitudes towards the use of bait, hides and landscape modifications in large carnivore photography			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	124-125
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Wildlife photography is a growing phenomenon in Scandinavia. As most forms of wildlife tourism, wildlife photography may have positive and negative effects, on both local communities and wildlife itself. Therefore, it is interesting to investigate tourists ethics in relation to wildlife photography.My work explores photographers perceptions on the phenomena “wildlife/wild animals” and “wilderness”. These perceptions are also linked to the photographers values. Furthermore, I investigate how they reflect upon facilitating or manipulating both the wildlife itself and the wilderness that serves as a backdrop, in wildlife photography.
	Call Number				Serial	4255
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	Author	Bielański, M.; Adamski,P.; Witkowski, Z.
	Title	Usefulness of GPS tracking in monitoring skitourers’ activity in Tatra National Park, Poland			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	123-124
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3018
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	Author	Burns, R.C.; Graefe, A.R.,
	Title	Segmentation of Outdoor Recreationists: A Comparison of Recreationists’ Perceptions of Importance and Satisfaction Across Activities			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	122-128
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	The purpose of this study was to explore levels of importance and satisfaction with various attributes of customer service among selected segments of outdoor recreationists. The study also examined the nature of the relationships between satisfaction attributes and overall satisfaction. These relationships were tested for four dimensions of satisfaction (facilities, services, information, and recreation experience), across three water-based user groups (ramp users, campers, and day users). This study builds on previous customer satisfaction research conducted by both consumer behavior specialists and recreation researchers. In congruence with previous research on customer satisfaction, many of the constructs associated with quality in a recreation environment are intangible, elusive, and extremely difficult to measure. Study results showed that there are significant differences between different segments of users in reported levels of importance and satisfaction with various aspects of a recreational visit, but the nature of the relationships between the various domains and overall satisfaction varies little across the user segments.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 450			Serial	2288
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	Author	Dehez, J., Lyser, S.,
	Title	Combining indicators for recreational beach assessment: the case of the “Beach Plan Scheme” in South West France			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	122-123
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 428			Serial	2872
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	Author	Arnegger, J.; Herz, M.; Campbell, M.,
	Title	Media representation of nature, mass ecotourism, and the visitor experience			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	122-123
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	The soft or mass ecotourism sub-field makes up a large percentage of the ecotourism sector in many regions worldwide. This sub sector is generally characterized by larger group size, lower environmental commitment, and higher levels of service standards when compared to traditional “hard” ecotourists (Weaver, 2001).It has been argued that this popularity is driven in large part by representations of nature in popular media such as documentaries and magazines (Lemelin, 2006). Generally, any form of media may play a salient role in tourism contexts, i.e. raising expectations toward destinations, trips or tourism experiences, which may not be met in reality (Michalkó et al., 2015). Thus, while media has the potential to positively impact peoples expectations, perspectives and attitudes it also implies the danger of overpromising. Individuals with unrealistic expectations are hence more likely to experience some form of disappointment (Bramwell, 1998).These general notions can be expected to be specifically relevant in nature-based settings, in that tourists expectations may be highly influenced by curated representations of nature and wildlife. In turn, expectations are generally assumed to impact satisfaction which is a main driver for positive behavioral outcomes such as intention to re-visit and positive word-of-mouth (Faerber et al., 2021). When applied to wildlife tourism experiences we assume that the more the held image (shaped by media consumption) differs from objective reality, the greater will be both the tourists expectation and his/her disappointment.The present study examines the relationship between visitors pre-trip expectations and post-trip satisfaction of a mass ecotourism nature experience as a function of previous involvement in nature activities and organizations, and consumption of wildlife and nature-based media.
	Call Number				Serial	4254
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	Author	Pfeifer, J.; Hennig, S.; Opp, C.,
	Title	Analysis of visitor nodes as a tool for visitor management by the example of Berchtesgaden National Park			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	121-126
	Keywords	MMV4, visitor nodes, recreational use, visitor management, infrastructure and statistical analysis
	Abstract	Infrastructural elements in protected areas play an important role for visitors. They provide equipment to visitor activities and their demands. However data on infrastructure is frequently disregarded. Concepts and models to collect and deal with infrastructure data have to be developed. In Berchtesgaden National Park the concept of visitor nodes is used in order to support visitor management. Identification of 81 visitor nodes in this protected area took place. They have been classified into five categories: “place for excursions”, “destination for hiking”, “information”, “resting” and “orientation”. Each category is characterized through a defined standard supply. By using categories, evaluation of each visitor node was done. Deficits as well as satisfying situations became observably.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 942			Serial	2592
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	Author	Rupf, R.; Koechli, D.; Haider, W.; Skov-Petersen, H.; Pröbstl, U.,
	Title	Framework Mafreina: management toolkit recreation and wildlife in the Swiss Alps			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	121-123
	Keywords	MMV5, agent-based model, discrete choice experiment, environmental planning, GPS-logging, recreation
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 226			Serial	2732
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