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Author Neuvonen, M.; Sievanen, T. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Recreation monitoring: experiences of responding in web survey and prospects for future Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 258-259  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract This presentation will describe some recent experiences of monitoring outdoor recreation in LVVI2 and NatureMove-projects and discusses of the advantages and challenges of new type of data collection. Sharig experiences of the challenges in monitoring helps to improve and to harmonize monitoring in European wide context.  
  Call Number Serial 4125  
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Author Kajala, L.; Konu, H.; Mikkola, J.; Neuvonen, M.; Tapainen, M.; Tyrvainen, L., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Exploring trends of visitation: 20 years of visitor monitoring in Finnish national parks Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages (down) 258-259  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract The demand of nature-based tourism and recreation has increased due to changes in society, leisure, urbanization, and increased awareness of the health benefits of nature, and during the COVID-19 pandemic destinations such as national parks and protected areas have become even more popular (e.g. Haukeland et al. 2021; Rikkonen et al. 2020). The steady growth during the last decade can be identified also from the increased number of national park visits in Finland (see Figure 1). The growing numbers of visitation, combined with the increase in park hectares, place pressures for management, especially as customer needs and preferences have become increasingly diversified. Gaining visitor insight – identifying growth trends and changes in visitor profiles – is essential for the quality of management in national parks. The purpose of this study is to gain a broader view on the development and trends of visitor motivations, activities, and demographics during the last 20 years. More detailed examination is also made in four park categories.  
  Call Number Serial 4314  
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Author Koscak, M., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Slovenia: a case-study in sustainable rural development for agriculture and tourism Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 257-261  
  Keywords MMV4, Heritage Trails, Dolenjska, Bela krajina, Slovenia, planning, carrying capacity, marketing  
  Abstract This paper deals with the concept of the heritage trail which main purpose is rural regeneration through sustainable tourism. A heritage trail is a regional network of natural and cultural heritage sites, activities and tourism facilities which is created with a well defined product identity in order to support an interesting and varied tourist visit up to one week. The heritage trail does not necessarily have a single theme, with the visitor following a pre-determined route. It can be designed as a coherent menu of natural, cultural and landscape attractions, out of which visitors can create their own itinerary. The aim of heritage trail marketing is to attract the visitor to the region in the first place, by offering a specific and attractive experience. Once in the region, other facilities and experiences can be offered which are not featured in the heritage trail promotion itself  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1004 Serial 2623  
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Author Sterl, P.; Wagner, S.; Arnberger, A., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Social Carrying Capacity of Canoeists in Austria´s Danube Floodplains National Park Type
  Year 2004 Publication Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 2 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 256-263  
  Keywords MMV2  
  Abstract Increasing recreational activities in National Parks affect natural resources as well as the recreational quality. In the Danube Floodplains National Park, stagnant waters, such as the Stopfenreuter and Spittelauer Arm, are a crucial component for ecological integrity, and at the same time constitute a main visitor attraction. In the summers of 2002 and 2003 a visitor survey investigated the perceived crowding of canoeists and whether the social carrying capacity is exceeded. Results of this study are that the social carrying capacity of this area has obviously been reached at certain times.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 350 Serial 2383  
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Author Kruger, L.E., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Affinity to place and serious leisure: implications of amenity migration for nearby recreational and protected areas Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 256-256  
  Keywords MMV4, Recreational and protected areas, place’s affinity, leisure  
  Abstract People have long been attracted to places with high amenity values. The first Baby Boomers have begun to collect Social Security checks and many more will follow. Increasing retirees who make up a growing numbers of migrants are moving into communities fortunate to have highly valued environmental and cultural resources and recreation opportunities. Tourists and retirees are drawn to natural amenities and opportunities for both tranquillity and adventure. Wilderness can be especially attractive and introduces people to rural and remote locations. Resort real estate, full and fractional ownership arrangements (time shares), residence clubs, and a variety of other options provide an array of investment possibilities. Rapid growth of retirees has implications for communities and public land managers. For land managers, growth is likely to increase population density in proximity to public lands, increase pressure on riparian and other environmentally sensitive areas and increase the demand for recreation opportunities and facilities. The changing values within the neighbouring community may change the issues and concerns residents have about recreational and protected area management. Healthy retirees are looking for a variety of recreation and volunteer opportunities. Communities need to consider infrastructure, especially in health and transportation sectors. As amenity migrants settle in their new community, the physical changes are readily apparent: new homes, new business, new roads, rising real estate values. Rising levels of disposable income among the middle and skilled working classes and the growth of a “leisure society” with time for recreation and travel have fueled demand for recreation. What are the implications for recreational and protected area management? This paper explores concepts of place and serious leisure as they are related to amenity migration and implications for management of recreational and protected areas near amenity communities. How can these concepts inform our understanding of the changing demands of amenity migration communities? In what ways are concepts of place attachment and sense of place useful in planning for change in high amenity communities and the surrounding recreational and protected areas?  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1002 Serial 2622  
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Author Muangasame, K., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Green tourist perception and motivation: a study of the domestic market in Thailand Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 256-257  
  Keywords MMV5, green tourism, Thailand, tourist behavior, decision-making process, motivation  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 120 Serial 2793  
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Author Manwa, H., Boema, D., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Educational needs of South African national parks’ tour guides Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages (down) 256-257  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 488 Serial 2932  
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Author Mayer,M. pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title The importance of tourism for the regional costs and benefits of national parks – the case of Bavarian Forest National Park, Germany Type
  Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 256-257  
  Keywords MMV7  
  Abstract  
  Call Number Serial 3083  
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Author Kobryn, H.T., Strickland-Munro, J., Brown, G., Moore, S. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Evaluating conflict potential in the marine and coastal areas of the Kimberley region of northern Australia through public participation GIS Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 255-257  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Marine spatial planning (MSP) has been emerging as an approach to plan and maintain a balance between different human uses and conservation goals. Large, remote areas present a number of challenges for conservation managers. The Kimberley region in northern Western Australia extends ten degrees of longitude, eight degrees of latitude, and in our study spanned over 13,300 km of complex coastline. The region is remote, with a low population, and a history of economic development including agriculture, mining, fishing, and more recently oil and gas exploration. It is also renown for its rich Aboriginal culture and heritage, biodiversity and wilderness (Wilson, 2014, Wilson, 2013). Most conservation planning, including MSP, suffers from the lack of social data (St Martin and Hall-Arber, 2014), hence the aim of this study was to evaluate, through the well established method of public participation GIS (e.g. Brown and Pullar, 2012), areas of conflict potential using human values associated with the marine and coastal region of Kimberley.  
  Call Number Serial 3939  
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Author Granet, A.M.; Cordellier, M.; Dobré, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Nature based sports in forests areas in France. Results from the 2015 French National Survey “Forests and Society” Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 255-257  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract Outdoor physical activities and nature-based sports are an important part of forest recreation. With their increase and diversification, foresters are facing new challenges to manage and sometimes limit these sport practices in forested environments whereas local communities are often interested in their development as part of an eco-touristic economy. In this context, the ONF chose to focus on physical activities and nature-based sports in the 2015 Forest and society national survey. This part of the survey was implemented on a 2000 people sample representing the French population aged 15 and more  
  Call Number Serial 4124  
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Author King, K., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Get off my land! Managing youth leisure in multiple natural environments Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages (down) 254-255  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 487 Serial 2931  
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Author Daasnes, M., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Collaboration to promote outdoor life (friluftsliv) in the Nordic countries – Is an action plan the way forward? Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages (down) 254-255  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Outdoor life (friluftsliv) has a strong position in all the Nordic countries, and is mainly built on the same traditions. In the Nordic collaboration, both between authorities and organisations, outdoor life have been a central theme. Nature-based tourism and outdoor life also have many commonalities in the Nordic countries. In this round-table session, invited researchers and representatives from Nordic outdoor life organizations, will present and discuss opportunities and challenges in promoting outdoor life in the Nordic countries. The session also welcome participants to discuss ideas and reflections from other parts of the world. There will be several short presentations to set the stage, followed by plenty of time to discuss. At the end of the session we will ask if there is a need for a common Nordic action plan to promote outddor life, or are there other and better instruments?  
  Call Number Serial 4313  
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Author Spiess, H.; Mönnecke, M.; Wasem, K.; Kümin, D., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Local Recreational Areas: Accounting for Peoples’ Needs in the Development and Selection of Planning Instruments Type
  Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 253-258  
  Keywords MMV3, Local recreation, leisure-trends, peri-urbanisation, planning instruments, landscape planning, landscape development concept, spatial planning, sustainable development  
  Abstract The goal of the ‘ANAP’ research project is to indicate how peoples’ needs for and expectations towards local recreation areas can be met by the means of employing different planning instruments. An in-depth analysis of the available literature reveals what people actually require and expect and the functional capacity of the planning instruments is illustrated by four case studies. Evaluation of these case studies not only gives rise to recommendations concerning the future implementation of the various planning instruments, it also yields proposals for improving their performance in future development phases. Peri-urbanisation leads to the rapid disappearance of attractive open landscapes in built-up areas. As a result, there is less space available for local recreational purposes, and people have to travel increasingly far to find the kind of landscape they are looking for. In order to tackle and hopefully improve this situation in the long term, adequate instruments for controlling the way landscapes are developed within built-up areas are absolutely essential. This research project aims to show how the different planning instruments can be implemented to achieve best outcomes for people seeking decent recreational areas. The planning instruments selected and developed have to be aimed at preserving an attractive landscape. The insights gained from this research provide the basis for recommendations concerning the future implementation of planning instruments, as well as for their future development. The project ‘ANAP’ is a cooperative project between the ‘Research Centre for Leisure, Tourism and Landscape’ (FTL) at the University of Applied Sciences in Rapperswil (HSR), and the ‘Institute for Sustainable Development’ (INE) at the University of Applied Sciences in Winterthur (ZHW). Other project partners include the Federal Research Institute for Forestry, Snow and Landscape (WSL), Green City Zurich (GSZ), Cantonal Agency for Spatial Planning and Survey of Zurich (ARV), Cantonal Agency for Waste, Water, Energy and Air of the Canton of Zurich (AWEL), and the Cantonal Agency for Spatial Planning of the Canton of Basle. Activities have started in 2003 and will end in 2006.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 700 Serial 2473  
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Author Lupp, G., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Green lifestyle or greening lifestyles? The social dimension of halting the loss of biological diversity Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 253-255  
  Keywords MMV5, biodiversity, lifestyles, ‘in-situ’ vs. ‘ex-xitu’, interview design  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 122 Serial 2792  
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Author Rupf,R.; Haider,W.; Pröbstl,U. pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Hikers and mountain bikers – do they fight like cats and dogs? Type
  Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 253-255  
  Keywords MMV7  
  Abstract  
  Call Number Serial 3105  
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Author Erkkonen, J.; Sievänen, T., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Standardisation of Visitor Surveys – Experiences from Finland Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 252-257  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract A visitor survey standardisation project was conducted in 1998-2000 in Finland. The visitor survey standardisation project was part of a large national outdoor recreation demand and supply inventory (LVVI). There are two reasons for the standardisation of visitor surveys. First, it is possible to collect comparable information from different kind of areas. Moreover, the information gathered can be combined on a national level. Secondly, standardised measurements assure long-term monitoring of behavioural changes in each studied area. The visitor survey standardisation project developed a standardised questionnaire for the most important information gathered with the help of visitor surveys, that is visitor profiles, activities, distribution of use by area, distribution of use by time, duration of the visit, expenditure of visitors and information on visitor satisfaction and motivation. It is recommended that the data collection be carried out by means of self-conducted questionnaires. The project produced a visitor survey manual and a Microsoft Excel application for computing descriptive results in order to encourage the personnel of recreation areas to conduct visitor surveys independently. The implementation of standardised visitor surveys is mainly carried out by Metsähallitus (Forest and Park Service) which manages the majority of the state-owned protected areas and national hiking areas in Finland. At the beginning of 2002, there were 33 national parks, 7 state-owned hiking areas and some 400 other protected areas. About two million recreational visits take place annually in state-owned protected areas and national hiking areas. The number of recreational visits seems to be on the increase. All together 22 different visitor surveys have been conducted in state-owned areas in the last few years. The results of some of the surveys have almost immediately been used in management and planning of the area in question. In general, there is increasing understanding and interest in the use of visitor information as a tool in decision making: services can be improved to meet visitor expectations better and scarce resources can be allocated more effectively. Along with visitor surveys, systematical visitor counts have recently been started using electronic trail and traffic counters, guest books or manual counters in several protected and recreational areas. At the moment, the next step will be to develop a national database of the collected information, and also to develop good practice in order to benefit from the information on a national level. This paper discusses, firstly, the structure and type of information that is needed from a visitor survey, secondly, how to conduct a visitor survey as a routine method in planning processes, and the framework within which visitor information can be utilised in planning and management. Thirdly, the Finnish experience of the benefits to be gained by using a standardised model for conducting visitor surveys is discussed.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 488 Serial 2307  
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Author Keirle, I., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title An importance-performance study of visitor opinions concerning access into the countryside of Ceredigion Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 252-255  
  Keywords MMV4, Access, Importance-Performance Analysis, infrastructure, service quality  
  Abstract It is important that countryside resource managers gain a full understanding of visitor needs and develop suitable facilities and infrastructure to respond to them. Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) is a simple and effective technique that can be used to identify those attributes of a product or service that visitors consider to be important and to gain responses on how these attributes are performing. This study based in the county of Ceredigion in Wales, used IPA to find the relationship between importance and performance for a range of attributes relating to the management of access into the countryside, covering the areas of infrastructure, information and product acceptability. The results indicated that attributes relating to infrastructure such as signposting and stiles were not performing to visitor expectations and issues relating to dog mess caused visitors the greatest concern. When sub-divided by user type the results showed a clear segregation as to what different user types considered important and their perception of performance.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1000 Serial 2621  
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Author de Vries, S., Goossen, M., de Boer, T., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Visitor density, recreation motive, crowding and attractiveness Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages (down) 252-253  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 486 Serial 2930  
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Author Čulinović,K. pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Plitvička jezera National Park – outdoor recreation possibilities and conflicts Type
  Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 252  
  Keywords MMV7  
  Abstract  
  Call Number Serial 3031  
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Author Hodl, C. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Geocaching in protected areas – a survey of potential negative effects on the natural environment and implications for future management in the Donau-Auen National Park, Austria Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 252-254  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Geocaching originated in the year 2000 in the USA as a leisure activity, which requires the recreationists to find containers (so-called geocaches) based on their coordinates posted online. Since geocaches are often hidden off-trail in natural environments, protected areas are likely to be affected by this activity (Brost & Quinn 2011). Previous analysis has shown that the Donau-Auen National Park, which is partly located within the boundaries of Austria’s capital city of Vienna and which is under a large amount of public use pressure (Arnberger & Hinterberger 2003, Tazcanowska et al. 2006), is most heavily affected by geocaching amongst all six Austrian national parks – both in terms of the number of caches hidden and in terms of the number of visits logged online (Hodl 2013).  
  Call Number Serial 3938  
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Author English, D.K.; Zarnoch, S.J., White, E.M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Estimating Daily Existing Traiffic from National Forest recreation Sites Using Short-Term Observations Counts Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 252-254  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract Our goal was to develop estimates of daily (24-hour) exiting traffic volume using just the 6-hour observational count of exiting traffic and two variables from the interviews. More exactly, our goal was to develop 24-hour estimates from the 6-hour counts that were equivalent to the estimates generated from the current NVUM method. If our work was successful, we could eliminate the data quality issues and costs of the mechanical counters without appreciably changing the resulting estimates of visitation. We present our analytic process and results, and an evaluation of how well the process worked.  
  Call Number Serial 4123  
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Author Thijs, J.J., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Formulating a policy on public support for the Goois Natuurreservaat, the Netherlands Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 251-252  
  Keywords MMV5, public support, policy, cooperation, nature reserve  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 114 Serial 2791  
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Author Graefe,A.R.; Burns,R.C. pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Oregon dunes national recreation area, USA: a trend examination of trip characteristics, crowding, and satisfaction levels (2002, 2006, and 2011) Type
  Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 251  
  Keywords MMV7  
  Abstract  
  Call Number Serial 3046  
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Author Buchecker, M., Degenhardt, B., Kienast, F., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title The role of the cultural background for nearby outdoor recreation behavior Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages (down) 250-251  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 485 Serial 2929  
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Author English, D.; White, E., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Potential contributions of crowd-sourced data in public lands recreation monitoring systems Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages (down) 250-250  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Data on recreation use and visitor patterns are critical for information decisions about recreation management and policy. In the U.S., the recreation monitoring systems used by the federal public land agencies rely almost exclusively on traditional tools and approaches (Leggett et al. 2017). Specifically, U.S. federal agencies commonly combine permanent and temporary traffic counters with on-site visitor surveying to measure the amount of recreation use and visitor characteristics. Of the federal agency recreation monitoring programs, the National Visitor Use Monitoring (NVUM) Program used by the United States Forest Service is viewed as the most comprehensive. Recreation practitioners and policymakers have raised the potential for using crowd-sourced and online information posted by visitors in place of, or as supplement to, traditional recreation monitoring programs. We have found that crowd-sourced data, including social media posts, are well correlated with official NVUM use estimates across a range of spatial resolutions (Fisher et al. 2018, Wood et al. 2020). Further, Wood et al. found that models could be used to directly estimate the amount of recreation use, even at previously unstudied sites. However, that study also found that models developed using social media data worked best when they incorporated some on-the-ground counts gathered using traditional approaches. In this presentation, we describe opportunities to use crowd sourced data to complement the National Visitor Use Monitoring Program. First, crowd-sourced data offers the ability to infer patterns in recreation use at individual sites. The NVUM sampling program is not designed to provide recreation use estimates for individual sites and crowd sourced data offers promise to fill in this gap. Second, the NVUM program only provides results for individual forests every five years. By identifying relationships between the crowd-sourced data and the NVUM data collected in the on-the-ground sample year, we can develop an estimate of recreation use trends in the years between NVUM sample estimates using crowd-sourced data. Finally, the NVUM sample is drawn from a population of recreation site days characterized by field managers. This characterization can be difficult for managers because it requires knowledge of fine-scale temporal patterns in recreation use at individual sites. We believe that crowd-sourced data can be used to assist in describing those temporal trends, potentially improving the accuracy in characterizing the site day population.    
  Call Number Serial 4312  
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Author Von Ruschkowski, E., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Integrating local community interests in large protected area management – challenges and opportunities Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 249-250  
  Keywords MMV5, National Park, Germany, local communities  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 112 Serial 2790  
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Author Burns, R.C.; Moreira,J.C. pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Recreation monitoring in Brazil conservation units: a preliminary examination of trip characteristics, opinions, crowding, and satisfaction levels Type
  Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 249-250  
  Keywords MMV7  
  Abstract  
  Call Number Serial 3024  
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Author Woodward, D.; Galymzhan, A.; Gaziz, A.; Erbol, D.; Woodward, A. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The effect of interpretation by local guides in burabay aspiring geopark, Kazakhstan Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 249-250  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract The study aims to look at the effect of interpretation provided by local guides to visitors in Burabay National Park. The guides were selected and trained among representatives of local community within geopark project. The methods used included questionnaires and in-depth interviews.  
  Call Number Serial 4122  
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Author Pröbstl, U., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Visitor Monitoring as a prerequisite of assessments in Natura 2000 sites Type
  Year 2004 Publication Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 2 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 248-255  
  Keywords MMV2  
  Abstract Biodiversity is increasingly recognized as an invaluable element of the European heritage. Across Europe, the NATURA 2000 ecological network has been established under the European Community’s `habitats` directive and the `bird` directive. The goal of this network is to provide a strong protection for Europe’s most valuable wildlife areas. If development plans or projects threaten to deteriorate this network or its favourable conservation status, a special assessment is required (see Art.6 of the Fauna-Flora-Habitat directive, called FFH-assessment). When planning a new foot-bridge in a NATURA 2000 site, it became obvious that an evaluation of the possible ecological deterioration is only possible when detailed information about the current and the potential future recreational use is included in the assessment. It will be suggested that visitor monitoring and visitor surveys collect essential background information for the FFH-assessment process evaluating the possible impacts on NATURA 2000 sites. Without such data it would be impossible to determine the potential effects of changes to the recreational infrastructure and its associated uses on protected areas. Therefore, a curriculum for protected area planning that strives to accommodate the legal requirements of the European Community should also include recreation research techniques.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 348 Serial 2382  
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Author Fox, D., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Urban-proximate nature as a resource for events and festivals: a SWOT analysis Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages (down) 248-249  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 484 Serial 2928  
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Author Draux, H., Olafsson, A.S., Kaae, B.C., Skov-Petersen, H. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Online participatory GIS mapping of marine recreation in Denmark: contrasting crowdsourced and representative survey approaches Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 248-251  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The lack of spatial information is a challenge to create a balanced and coherent planning and management of the sea, as framed in marine conservation planning andMarine Spatial Planning, MSP (Douvere & Ehler, 2009, Mazor et al 2014). The limited availability and quality of data on recreational marine uses is as an obstacle for implementing EU policy (EEA 2015).Innovative ways for documenting and mapping the missing ‘social landscape’ of the marine environment in terms of spatial attributes of recreational use are needed (Martin & Hall-Arber 2008). To find out the extent of use of the Danish waters for marine recreation activities, our research aimed to collect the spatial extent, diversity, and intensityof these activities.Here, we discuss the quality of the data collected through two sampling strategies: an online crowdsourcedsurvey and a commercial representative panel survey.  
  Call Number Serial 3937  
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Author Vaisanen, T.; Heikinheimo, V.; Hiippala, T.; Toivonen, T., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Exploring human-nature interactions in national parks with social media photo-graphs and computer vision Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages (down) 248-249  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Understanding the activities and preferences of visitors is crucial for managing protected areas and planning conservation strategies. User-generated geographic information such as photographs shared on social media have emerged as new data sources to complement more traditional visitor information such as on-site surveys. However, analyzing large volumes of photographs manually is a laborious task. Automated analysis of the rich textual and visual content on social media data offers new opportunities for understanding human presence and activities in nature (Toivonen et al. 2019). Approaches for textual and content analysis have been widely developed under the umbrella of conservation culturomics (Ladle et al. 2016). They have been recognized as a useful data source for nature conservation. At the same time, automated analysis visual content has remained rather underexplored when mapping human activities in nature. In this presentation we present our findings of using computer vision methods to explore human-nature interactions from social media photographs and their applicability to visitor monitoring of protected areas. Our main questions are: What types of information can off-the-shelf computer vision methods extract from social media photographs, in terms of activities and preferences of people? Do different visitor groups share different types of photographs from national parks? How does photographic content vary between different types of national parks?   
  Call Number Serial 4311  
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Author Chiari, S.; Schmid, F.; Muhar, A.; Muhar, S., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Recreational functions of rivers in Austria: an approach to the visitors’ perspective Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 247-251  
  Keywords MMV4, Behaviour, preferences, requirements, river recreation, user survey  
  Abstract In the past Austrian rivers faced a series of human impacts leading to a loss of both ecological and social functionality. River restoration measures aim to improve this functionality, however, they are currently mostly targeted at ecological functions rather than at recreation. To prevent conflicts between ecological integrity and recreational needs integrated river management is demanded. So far river recreation in Austria is an unknown quantity, as profound data are lacking. The range of present river-based recreational activities can only roughly be estimated. The ongoing project “Future options for the development of riverine landscapes – space requirements for multifunctionality” aims to fill this gap. Concerning recreationists’ dispersion, behaviour and preferences data is collected along three rivers (Enns, Drau, Lech). The first step of the methodological approach was an explorative preparatory study conducted in 2007. Qualitative face-to-face interviews should clarify which factors influence river recreationists in terms of how they perceive the river, what they appreciate about the setting and what compromises their quality of experience. Based on these results a semi-standardised questionnaire was developed for a quantitative survey conducted in 2008, covering topics such as visitation motives, use patterns, habits, and perceptive aspects using image-based choice statements. Additionally the extent of river recreation is assessed via peak-day observations documenting recreational characteristics like number of visits, length of stay and activities. Preliminary results indicate that most people associate calmness and relaxation with river recreation rather than adventure and action. In particular, the acoustic scenery and certain natural attributes play a major role. Most people state, that they prefer natural river sections for recreational purposes. However, some ecologically valuable features such as woody debris seem to bother them. Further steps aim to identify key factors for the usability of rivers, integrating both objective factors such as the biophysical setting and subjective issues such as aesthetics and personal preferences.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 998 Serial 2620  
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Author Buijs, A., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title High attachment and poor relationships: how social processes influence the development of diverging views into social conflicts Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 247-248  
  Keywords MMV5, social conflicts, nature management, national parks, images of nature  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 116 Serial 2789  
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Author Buta,N.; Stein,T.V.; Bustam,T.D. pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Assessing crowding perceptions and satisfaction among visitors at El Yunque National Forest, Puerto Rico Type
  Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 247-248  
  Keywords MMV7  
  Abstract  
  Call Number Serial 3026  
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Author English, D.B.K.; Kocis, S.M.; Arnold, J.R.; Zarnoch, S.J.; Warren, L., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Visitor Use of USDA Forest Service Recreation Areas: Methods and Results from the National Visitor Use Monitoring Effort Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 246-251  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract One stratum of survey sites in the USDA Forest Service’s National Visitor Use Monitoring (NVUM) effort contains agency-managed elements of the National Wilderness Preservation System. Two related methods are used to estimate the amount of visitation that occurs in these areas. One utilizes annual information on the number of use permits at the sites where these are mandatory; the other employs a double-sampling approach to estimate visitation. In both cases, on-site visitor sampling is required to obtain the information necessary to estimate actual visitation. A few additional questions on the survey enable us to describe visitor demographics, evaluate customer satisfaction, and estimate economic values and impacts of these visits. The presentation discusses development of the sampling design as well as calibration issues for both use estimation methods. A comparison of the statistical accuracy and cost of each is made. Because the sample design is based on the spatial-temporal combination of Wilderness exit points and the days they are open, some analytic adjustment to the sample survey data is required (beyond simple sample means) to get results that describe the visiting population. The analytic framework is presented, along with some empirical results from the first year of sampling at six selected National Forests to give the flavor of the managerially-relevant information we have so far obtained. The presentation concludes with a discussion of how we plan to extend the analysis that can include issues such as developing models of visitor flows and relating visitation levels to perceptions of crowding.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 486 Serial 2306  
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Author Mast-Attlmayr, U., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Cederberg Environs Spatial Planning in the Western Cape, South Africa Type
  Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 246-252  
  Keywords MMV3, Nature tourism: concepts and experiences in recreational and protected areas  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 698 Serial 2472  
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Author Erhartic, B., Smrekar, A., Smid, M., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Protected area within the city: Monitoring and management of visitors in Landscape park Tivoli, Rožnik and Šišenski hrib in Ljubljana (Slovenia) Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages (down) 246-247  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 483 Serial 2927  
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Author de Souza Pimental, D.; Pinto Meireles, C.; Barcellos, M.; de Oliveira, M.L.; Ramos Costa, S.M., Perdomo Santos, V. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Developement of interpretative trails in Brazilian protected areas Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages (down) 246-248  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract This paper aims to discuss the cases of interpretative trails’ development experienced in different protected areas, pointing out similarities and particularities of the process from defining the environmental interpretation points to interpretative trails evaluation.  
  Call Number Serial 4121  
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Author Wood, S.; Lee, H.; Lia, E.; Miller, L.; Seo, B.; White, E.; Winder, S., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Landscape-scale insights into recreational activities derived from social media content Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages (down) 246-246  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Volunteered geographic information, such as social media and online trip reports, are a promising source of data on the amount and character of recreational use in parks and protected areas.  The volume of data is often correlated with on-site measures of park visitation, and the content contains rich descriptions of visitors experiences.  This study presents a novel and generalizable model of public land visitation based on posts to three online social media platforms and two trip reporting platforms from National Forests in Washington, USA.  Then, we introduce and apply a convolutional neural network model for accurately classifying these visitors activities, based on the content of the social media.  We find that social media can substantially improve estimates of visitation to public lands.  Furthermore, there is also a strong correlation between the number of survey respondents reporting their participation in 14 common recreational activities and the number of social media posts classified as pertaining to the same activity.  The models perform nearly as well in novel locations as in the primary location, suggesting that the approaches are broadly applicable, though performance varies by activity.  By comparing our maps of recreational participation to the underlying landscape, we find that natural features (such as rivers, lakes, and higher elevations) and some built infrastructure (campgrounds, trails, roads) support a greater diversity of activities, while visitors are less sensitive to features such as picnic areas and wilderness designation.  Even while respecting the limitations of the volunteered data and models, these results provide actionable information to land managers by illuminating how recreation varies spatially and according to the recreational activities that are provided.  
  Call Number Serial 4310  
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