| Records |
| Author |
Ponticelli, L., Micheletti, C., |
| Title |
The Lavazé pass – Negotiating tourism development and landscape diversity |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
220-221 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
Call Number  |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 471 |
Serial |
2915 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Keßel, A.; Klüpfel, H.; Meyer-König, T.; Schreckenberg, M., |
| Title |
A Concept for Coupling Empirical Data and Microscopic Simulation of Pedestrian Flows |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
199-204 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
In this paper we present a concept for coupling empirical data and a microscopic simulation of pedestrian motion. Since there is no automatic detection method available for this task up to now the main focus is on developing such a system. A review of the different detection methods is presented and the requirements are given an automatic system has to fulfil. Additionally, a possible realisation of such a detector is described. Experiences with such a system for vehicular traffic are reviewed. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 472 |
Serial |
2299 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Karlsson, I., |
| Title |
Swedish-Norwegian regional cooperation increases access to outdoor recreation for people with disabilities |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
222-223 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 472 |
Serial |
2916 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Hennig, S., Zobl, F., |
| Title |
Making web-based maps accessible for elderly people: Development of an improved information source for recreational visits in natural areas |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
224-225 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 473 |
Serial |
2917 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Lawson, S.; Manning, R.; Valliere, W.; Wang, B.; Budruk, M., |
| Title |
Using Simulation Modeling to Facilitate Proactive Monitoring and Adaptive Management of Social Carrying Capacity in Arches National Park, Utah, USA |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
205-210 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
Recent research and management experience has led to several frameworks for defining and managing carrying capacity of national parks and protected areas. The process outlined in contemporary carrying capacity frameworks embodies the principles of adaptive management. That is, management decisions are guided and adapted within these frameworks by monitoring indicator variables to ensure that standards of quality are maintained. The objective of this study was to develop a computer simulation model to estimate the relationships between total park use and the condition of indicator variables. In this way, simulation modeling might facilitate proactive monitoring and adaptive management of social carrying capacity of parks and protected areas. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 474 |
Serial |
2300 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Árnason, Þ., |
| Title |
Managing Vatnajökull National Park |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
226-227 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 474 |
Serial |
2918 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Culinovic, K., |
| Title |
Management of visitors in Plitvice Lakes National Park (Croatia) – present situation, nature conservation, challenges |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
228-229 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 475 |
Serial |
2919 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Lynch, J., |
| Title |
A Spatial Model of Overnight Visitor Behavior in a Wilderness Area in Eastern Sierra Nevada |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
211-217 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
This paper documents an attempt to simulate spatially the behavior of a group of sampled overnight visitors in a dispersed recreation setting – the Humphrey’s Basin region of the John Muir Wilderness in the eastern Sierra Nevada Mountains. This study utilizes spatial data depicting the behavior of backcountry visitors in Humphrey’s Basin to formulate a model based on cost surface techniques in a geographic information system (GIS) to develop a measure of visitor effort expenditure as a way of describing factors influencing spatial distribution of camping behavior. This hiking effort index model (HEI) measures the accumulative cost hikers expended to traverse varying distances between campsite locations in the study area. The cost grid input for the HEI model consisted of a) a slope factor derived from digital elevation models (DEM), b) the measured hiking times of backpackers at various slopes, and c) the relative cost of traveling either on or off trail. The model measures relative travel cost in units of hiking minutes. The model was tested using a subsample of the actual spatial data of visitor behavior not used in the running of the HEI model. Results indicate that the HEI model does accurately simulate the spatial distribution of visitors. This study thus suggests that human behavior in a dispersed recreation setting can be successfully modeled as well as pointing to ways of further improving simulation techniques |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 476 |
Serial |
2301 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Vítek, O., |
| Title |
Let’s Count with Geocaching |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
230-231 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 476 |
Serial |
2920 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Tao, C., Wu, C., |
| Title |
The roles of hardening and separating sites and planting areas in enhancing the carrying capacity in neighborhood parks |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
232-233 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 477 |
Serial |
2921 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Mutz, R.; Von Janowsky, D.; Becker, G., |
| Title |
Cyclical Visitor-Behavior Patterns of Urban Forest Recreation Environments and their Determinants – A Statistical View |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
218-224 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
Urban forest recreation environments have their particular rhythms, not only natural periodicities, but also periodicites of their human members (vistors, rangers,...). A human forest ecosystem as a basic unit of analysis can be defined as an interaction between the population, the organization of forest and the technology in response to the environment. In order to manage such forest ecosystems information about the recreation demand of visitors is needed, particularly about the rhythms of the visitor flow. A scientific project in Stuttgart, a town in South-Germay, provides for an example. The central objective of this paper is to detect periodicities in a time series of frequencies of certain groups of visitors, observed by a fix video camera over one year (March 1999-March 2000) (n=1421 measurements). A not widespreaded statistical method, the spectral analysis, will be applied on the data. Certain periodicities can be found, especially a day-cycle, week-cycles and year-cycles for the various groups of visitors. Impacts of weather (sunny, cloudy, rainy) and weekday (weekend or not) have significant influence on the visitor flow. A simulation illustrates the shape of the cycles, which are detected. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 478 |
Serial |
2302 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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|
| |
| Author |
Manning, R., Anderson, L., |
| Title |
Managing outdoor recreation: Case studies in the national parks |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
234-235 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 478 |
Serial |
2922 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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|
| |
| Author |
Taplin, R., Moore, S., |
| Title |
Benchmarking for visitor management in parks |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
236-237 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 479 |
Serial |
2923 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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|
| |
| Author |
Zanon, D.; Curtis, J., |
| Title |
Societal & park recreation trends in Victoria, Australia |
Type |
|
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 5 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
107-108 |
| Keywords |
MMV5, society, recreation, trends, parks |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 48 |
Serial |
2726 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Ploner, A.; Brandenburg, C., |
| Title |
Modelling the Dependency between Visitor Numbers and Meteorological Variables via Regression Trees |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
225-232 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
We propose using regression trees as a flexible and intuitive tool for modelling the relationship between weather conditions and day to day changes of the visitor load in outdoor recreation areas. Regression trees offer a number of advantages when compared e.g. to linear models, specifically by outlining different seasonal and meteorological scenarios. When applied to video monitoring data from the Lobau, an Austrian nature conservation area, good regression tree models for the total number of visitors and the counts for some visitor categories (bikers, hikers, swimmers) were found, while other categories could not be adequately represented (dog walkers, joggers). The regression trees indicate a strong relationship between weather and total visitor numbers, as well as weather and the number of bikes and swimmers, respectively. The relationship to weather was found to be only slight for hikers and dog walkers, and completely absent for joggers. In general, the use of derived meteorological quantities in form of thermic comfort indices for characterizing weather conditions results in better models than the use of directly observable meteorological quantities. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 480 |
Serial |
2303 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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|
| |
| Author |
Lai, P., Hsu, Y., |
| Title |
A place-based approach to building partnerships with recreational resource users |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
238-239 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 480 |
Serial |
2924 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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|
| |
| Author |
Newman, P., Taff, D., Lawson, S., Fristrup, K., Trevino, K., |
| Title |
Protecting soundscapes in U.S. national parks: Developing visitor simulation and noise exposure models |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
240-241 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 481 |
Serial |
2925 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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|
| |
| Author |
Skov-Petersen, H., |
| Title |
GIS-based modeling of car-borne visits to Danish Forests |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
233-239 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
Vector-based GIS is used as a basic for building a predictive model of car-borne recreational activities in Danish nature areas. Special attention is paid to the forests. The model takes its point of departure from frequencies of forest visits considering type of starting point (dwelling, summer house etc.), travel cost (into four time-bands) and three different nature types (forest, beach, and the remainder landscape). By means of linear regression statistics the model results are correlated with registered activities (number of cars in an extensive selection of parking lots in the nature). Further the effect of various local amenities – distance to the coasts, terrain form etc. – are evaluated. The work is part of the authors Ph.D.-thesis (Skov- Petersen, 2002). |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 482 |
Serial |
2304 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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|
| |
| Author |
Steiner, A., Williams, D., |
| Title |
Fifty years of experiential knowledge: Using oral history to understand wilderness management in Sequoia-Kings Canyon National Parks, USA |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
242-243 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 482 |
Serial |
2926 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Erhartic, B., Smrekar, A., Smid, M., |
| Title |
Protected area within the city: Monitoring and management of visitors in Landscape park Tivoli, Rožnik and Šišenski hrib in Ljubljana (Slovenia) |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
246-247 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 483 |
Serial |
2927 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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|
| |
| Author |
Cihar, M.; Stursa, J.; Trebicky, V., |
| Title |
Monitoring of Tourism in the Czech National Parks |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
240-245 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
Recreational and tourist exploitation of selected parts of four Czech National Parks has been investigated since the year 1997. The article presents cross-section data from 2000. During a nine-day period in the high summer season the basic quantitative census of tourists, cyclists and cars on selected crossroads of tourist paths in the core area of national parks had been carried out and qualitative characteristics, opinions and attitudes of visitors were evaluated. Relation between socio-demographic structure of visitors and their behaviour and attitudes to conservation management activities of the national park’s Authorities was analysed using a special type of a questionnaire based on interviews with a random and representative sample of visitors. There are evident differences between various National Parks (Krkonose, Sumava, Podyji, Ceske Svycarsko) and between the attitudes of foreign visitors and Czech visitors. Investigation has been focused also on local inhabitants and elected representatives of local communities. Results are used by NP Authorities within the process of estimation of ecological and psychological carrying capacity as well as the one of appropriate indicators of sustainable development of the Czech National Parks. Monitoring will continue in the next years. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 484 |
Serial |
2305 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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|
| |
| Author |
Fox, D., |
| Title |
Urban-proximate nature as a resource for events and festivals: a SWOT analysis |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
248-249 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 484 |
Serial |
2928 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Buchecker, M., Degenhardt, B., Kienast, F., |
| Title |
The role of the cultural background for nearby outdoor recreation behavior |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
250-251 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 485 |
Serial |
2929 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
English, D.B.K.; Kocis, S.M.; Arnold, J.R.; Zarnoch, S.J.; Warren, L., |
| Title |
Visitor Use of USDA Forest Service Recreation Areas: Methods and Results from the National Visitor Use Monitoring Effort |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
246-251 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
One stratum of survey sites in the USDA Forest Service’s National Visitor Use Monitoring (NVUM) effort contains agency-managed elements of the National Wilderness Preservation System. Two related methods are used to estimate the amount of visitation that occurs in these areas. One utilizes annual information on the number of use permits at the sites where these are mandatory; the other employs a double-sampling approach to estimate visitation. In both cases, on-site visitor sampling is required to obtain the information necessary to estimate actual visitation. A few additional questions on the survey enable us to describe visitor demographics, evaluate customer satisfaction, and estimate economic values and impacts of these visits. The presentation discusses development of the sampling design as well as calibration issues for both use estimation methods. A comparison of the statistical accuracy and cost of each is made. Because the sample design is based on the spatial-temporal combination of Wilderness exit points and the days they are open, some analytic adjustment to the sample survey data is required (beyond simple sample means) to get results that describe the visiting population. The analytic framework is presented, along with some empirical results from the first year of sampling at six selected National Forests to give the flavor of the managerially-relevant information we have so far obtained. The presentation concludes with a discussion of how we plan to extend the analysis that can include issues such as developing models of visitor flows and relating visitation levels to perceptions of crowding. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 486 |
Serial |
2306 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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|
| |
| Author |
de Vries, S., Goossen, M., de Boer, T., |
| Title |
Visitor density, recreation motive, crowding and attractiveness |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
252-253 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 486 |
Serial |
2930 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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|
| |
| Author |
King, K., |
| Title |
Get off my land! Managing youth leisure in multiple natural environments |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
254-255 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 487 |
Serial |
2931 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Erkkonen, J.; Sievänen, T., |
| Title |
Standardisation of Visitor Surveys – Experiences from Finland |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
252-257 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
A visitor survey standardisation project was conducted in 1998-2000 in Finland. The visitor survey standardisation project was part of a large national outdoor recreation demand and supply inventory (LVVI). There are two reasons for the standardisation of visitor surveys. First, it is possible to collect comparable information from different kind of areas. Moreover, the information gathered can be combined on a national level. Secondly, standardised measurements assure long-term monitoring of behavioural changes in each studied area. The visitor survey standardisation project developed a standardised questionnaire for the most important information gathered with the help of visitor surveys, that is visitor profiles, activities, distribution of use by area, distribution of use by time, duration of the visit, expenditure of visitors and information on visitor satisfaction and motivation. It is recommended that the data collection be carried out by means of self-conducted questionnaires. The project produced a visitor survey manual and a Microsoft Excel application for computing descriptive results in order to encourage the personnel of recreation areas to conduct visitor surveys independently. The implementation of standardised visitor surveys is mainly carried out by Metsähallitus (Forest and Park Service) which manages the majority of the state-owned protected areas and national hiking areas in Finland. At the beginning of 2002, there were 33 national parks, 7 state-owned hiking areas and some 400 other protected areas. About two million recreational visits take place annually in state-owned protected areas and national hiking areas. The number of recreational visits seems to be on the increase. All together 22 different visitor surveys have been conducted in state-owned areas in the last few years. The results of some of the surveys have almost immediately been used in management and planning of the area in question. In general, there is increasing understanding and interest in the use of visitor information as a tool in decision making: services can be improved to meet visitor expectations better and scarce resources can be allocated more effectively. Along with visitor surveys, systematical visitor counts have recently been started using electronic trail and traffic counters, guest books or manual counters in several protected and recreational areas. At the moment, the next step will be to develop a national database of the collected information, and also to develop good practice in order to benefit from the information on a national level. This paper discusses, firstly, the structure and type of information that is needed from a visitor survey, secondly, how to conduct a visitor survey as a routine method in planning processes, and the framework within which visitor information can be utilised in planning and management. Thirdly, the Finnish experience of the benefits to be gained by using a standardised model for conducting visitor surveys is discussed. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 488 |
Serial |
2307 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Manwa, H., Boema, D., |
| Title |
Educational needs of South African national parks’ tour guides |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
256-257 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 488 |
Serial |
2932 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Fägerstam, E., |
| Title |
Outdoor teaching on the school grounds and in the bush |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
258-259 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 489 |
Serial |
2933 |
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| Author |
Rauhala, J.; Erkkonen, J.; Iisalo, H., |
| Title |
Standardisation of Visitor Counting– Experiences from Finland |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
258-263 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
In 2000 we started to test visitor counters for the Natural Heritage Services of Southern Finland, in the Teijo Hiking Area. At the same time we tested both an appropriate method for visitor counting and counting equipment. Encouraged by this experience, we started systematic visitor counting in nine southern national parks in 2001. Traditional everyman's rights (right of public access) guarantee all people – Finnish or otherwise – free access to Finland's forests, whether the forests be privately or publicly owned. This makes reliable visitor counting difficult, but at the same time extremely challenging. The main reason for visitor counting is the fact that the total number of visitors is not known well enough in protected and recreational areas. We also need to have comparable and reliable visitor information from different types of area and in the long run we need to know the trends as regards the number of visitors. Besides being very important for Metsahallitus itself, the reliable estimates we are able to produce are also of great regional significance. Visitors can be counted by electronic and mechanical counters of different kinds. We have four types of counter in use. Three electronic types can be used in trail and traffic counting and also indoors. In addition there is one mechanical type which can be used indoors, for example. At the moment the Natural Heritage Services of Southern Finland have about 40 counters in use. Each counter calculates visitors somewhat differently, depending on the installation of the counter, its placement and the quality of the counter. Also, different weather conditions may affect the counters. For these reasons, each counter must be calibrated independently, after which each counter has its own coefficient. After calibration one can calculate the counter’s final result. Thereafter it is possible to calculate the estimated total number of visitors in a specific area. Metsahallitus also carries out visitor counting in other parts of Finland, but not yet as systematically as in southern Finland. Naturally there is a connection between visitor surveys and visitor counting, as both qualitative and quantitative information is important in planning and management processes. This paper presents practical experiences of visitor counting from the Finnish perspective. The presentation deals with the process of planning visitor counting, the special equipment needed in counting and ways of transforming the figures from the calculators into estimates of the number of visits in a specific area. In addition, the results of a pilot study from the Teijo Hiking Area are presented as a case. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 490 |
Serial |
2308 |
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| Author |
Mikaels, J., |
| Title |
Skill development and our perception of the environment: A phenomenological approach to canoe tripping in Canada |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
260-261 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 490 |
Serial |
2934 |
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| Author |
Öhman, J., Sandell, K., |
| Title |
An educational tool for outdoor education and environmental concern |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
262-263 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 491 |
Serial |
2935 |
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| Author |
Nagy, K., |
| Title |
Public Use of the Public Parks and Protected Areas of Budapest |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
271-276 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
Based on the series of studies investigating the public uses of various public parks and nature conservation areas of Budapest, a comparative evaluation was prepared which allowed us to quantify the actual recreational role of these two types of green areas in the green area system of large cities. The approach involved on-site interviews with questionnaires and on-site monitoring, with additional urban planning analyses. The results provided direct help in the development of green area management guidelines for cities and in the preparation of future management plans for protected areas. In addition, the results allowed us to develop planning guidelines and a basis for developing new means of environmental awareness raising and education. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 492 |
Serial |
2309 |
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| Author |
Szczepanski, A., |
| Title |
The importance of place for learning and teaching – an outdoor educational perspective |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
264-265 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 492 |
Serial |
2936 |
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| Author |
Sezerel, H., Cil, A., |
| Title |
Connecting nature, culture, and art in the context of socially responsible ecological tourism |
Type |
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| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
268-269 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 493 |
Serial |
2937 |
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| Author |
Aoki, Y.; FujitaHitoshi; Aoki, K., |
| Title |
Measurement and analysis of congestion at the traditional Japanese garden “Korakuen” |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
264-270 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
Nature and greenery spaces are especially required in the high-density residential areas of Megalopolis in Japan. People are looking for rich greenery spaces and they are requiring for the preservation of the greenery space in redeveloping areas. But people have recently found that parks often were too crowded, when they visited them for enjoying a quiet greenery environment. Almost all old Japanese cities have parks in traditional garden style, which have been opened to the public since Meiji revolution, i.e. a hundred years ago. Originally, the gardens were possession of the Daimyo, i.e. the feudal lord, and they were enjoyed privately. Recent increase in visitors destroyed the original use pattern and the unique atmosphere, and this, of course, confused the management of the park administration. The administration and the users therefore encouraged investigations concerning the appropriate management of park as a pleasant environment. To find a preferable carrying capacity of green spaces, the impression of congestion and quietness was analyzed in a traditional Japanese garden, using the number of visitors as an indicator. The following results were obtained. The impression of congestion is significantly correlated with the number of visitors in the park, and 700 persons on 7 hectares generates the impression of congestion for a half of visitors. To satisfy the impression of quietness for more than a half of visitors, their numbers must be reduced to less than 400 persons for 7 hectares. The decreasing in number of visitors provides a more efficient impression of congestion than that of increasing. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 494 |
Serial |
2310 |
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| Author |
Velvin, J., Bjørnstad, K., Krogh, E., |
| Title |
Tradition and innovation in farm-based nature tourism: Lessons for protected area management |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
270-271 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 494 |
Serial |
2938 |
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| Author |
Campbell, M., MacKay, K., |
| Title |
Understanding tourists’ choices in a developing tourist community |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
272-273 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 495 |
Serial |
2939 |
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| Author |
Roovers, P.; Hermy, M.; Gulinck, H., |
| Title |
A Survey of Recreation Interests in Urban Forests, the Influence of Travel Distance |
Type |
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| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
277-283 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
The forest complex of Heverlee-Meerdaal, which consists of two forest parts, is located on a gradient from a rural region to an expanding urban area. By means of counts an interpretation on congestion and on spreading of visitors in time and space in the area was made. On the basis of these counts questionnaires were carried out in the forest throughout the whole year and among all activity groups. The questionnaires dealt with socio-demographical characteristics of the visitors, preferences and perceptions of the respective activity groups and their interpretation of the forest area concerning structure and infrastructure. According to this study, the geographical distribution of the visitors in the forest is highly determined by the position of the forest along a gradient relative to the conurbation. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 496 |
Serial |
2311 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Dóra, A., |
| Title |
Managing tourism in a popular wilderness destination |
Type |
|
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges |
Abbreviated Journal |
NULL |
| Volume |
MMV 6 - Proceedings |
Issue |
NULL |
Pages |
274-275 |
| Keywords |
MMV6 |
| Abstract |
NULL |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 496 |
Serial |
2940 |
| Permanent link to this record |
