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Author (up) Rammo, M.; Maran, K.; Almik, A.; Karoles, K., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Visitor and Environmental Impact Monitoring as Basis for Sustainable Nature Tourism in Estonian Recreational Areas Type
  Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 62-63  
  Keywords MMV3, Forest recreation, environmental impact monitoring, recreational load, visitor counting, visitor survey  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 598 Serial 2423  
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Author (up) Rao, R.J., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Management of Ecotourism in National Chambal Sanctuary, India Type
  Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 230-232  
  Keywords MMV3, Ecotourism, Chambal River, Crocodile Sanctuary, wilderness values, customer satisfaction  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 687 Serial 2467  
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Author (up) Raschi, A.; Crisci, A.; Mikicic, S., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Climate change and ski areas in Trentino region, Italy Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 93-93  
  Keywords MMV4, Climate change, meteo, ski, winter tourism  
  Abstract The existence of an ongoing climate change cannot be denied, or hidden, and tourism is going to be affected by it to a large extent. The analysis of current trends in the response of tourism to climate change, in conjunction with the forecast of future climate scenaries, can help us in focusing the possible solutions to future possible problems. This work focused on the existing trends in winter tourism in the Trentino region (Italian Alps), by analysing, for the years 1981/1982 to 2007/2008, the climate data from six meteo stations located in ski resorts characterized by different height and geographical position. Data analysis showed that the number of the days with more than 20 cm of snow, minimum level for permitting skiing, is reducing, and interannual variability is increasing. The trend is particularly evident for lower altitude areas. The average, minimum and maximum temperatures of above mentioned winter periods was compared with tourist arrivals suggesting an inverse correlation, with a marked decrease in tourists arrivals in higher temperature periods. The results support the conclusion that the tourists will be obliged to reach higher ski areas with lower temperature and adequate snow level, while a further increase in temperatures will lead the lower ski areas to disappear, and the high seasonal variability will put at risk winter tourism itself in many areas. The further perspective of research, on tourism trends in summer season, will also be outlined.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 926 Serial 2585  
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Author (up) Raschi, A.; Trampetti, S., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Introduction Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 15-15  
  Keywords MMV4  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 886 Serial 2565  
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Author (up) Rathmann, J., Sacher, P., Mayer, M., Job, J. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Trade-offs between the forest ecosystem services biodiversity and recreation: Perception and assessment of deadwood by outdoor recreationists and the general public in Bavaria (SE Germany) Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 475-477  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The present study is part ofthisproject and analyzes theinfluence of deadwood oncultural ecosystem services and their trade-offs like tourismand outdoor-recreation, but also on spiritual and emotional relations of respondents to forests as part of their place attachment and personal identity. Despite some progress in recent years this nexus has not been explored in detail and not with a multiple method research design combining quantitative and qualitative approaches. Thus, this study analyzes the impact of different amounts and arrangements of deadwood in specific forest sites on the visual preference of forest recreationists and tourists according to previous studies in that field (Edwards et al. 2012).Main goal of the research project is the assessment of the perception and valuation of forest ecosystem services by visitors, the public and other stakeholders that are related to forest management. Based on the results we seek to recommend location specific forest development options.  
  Call Number Serial 4010  
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Author (up) Rauhala, J.; Erkkonen, J.; Iisalo, H., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Standardisation of Visitor Counting– Experiences from Finland Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 258-263  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract In 2000 we started to test visitor counters for the Natural Heritage Services of Southern Finland, in the Teijo Hiking Area. At the same time we tested both an appropriate method for visitor counting and counting equipment. Encouraged by this experience, we started systematic visitor counting in nine southern national parks in 2001. Traditional everyman's rights (right of public access) guarantee all people – Finnish or otherwise – free access to Finland's forests, whether the forests be privately or publicly owned. This makes reliable visitor counting difficult, but at the same time extremely challenging. The main reason for visitor counting is the fact that the total number of visitors is not known well enough in protected and recreational areas. We also need to have comparable and reliable visitor information from different types of area and in the long run we need to know the trends as regards the number of visitors. Besides being very important for Metsahallitus itself, the reliable estimates we are able to produce are also of great regional significance. Visitors can be counted by electronic and mechanical counters of different kinds. We have four types of counter in use. Three electronic types can be used in trail and traffic counting and also indoors. In addition there is one mechanical type which can be used indoors, for example. At the moment the Natural Heritage Services of Southern Finland have about 40 counters in use. Each counter calculates visitors somewhat differently, depending on the installation of the counter, its placement and the quality of the counter. Also, different weather conditions may affect the counters. For these reasons, each counter must be calibrated independently, after which each counter has its own coefficient. After calibration one can calculate the counter’s final result. Thereafter it is possible to calculate the estimated total number of visitors in a specific area. Metsahallitus also carries out visitor counting in other parts of Finland, but not yet as systematically as in southern Finland. Naturally there is a connection between visitor surveys and visitor counting, as both qualitative and quantitative information is important in planning and management processes. This paper presents practical experiences of visitor counting from the Finnish perspective. The presentation deals with the process of planning visitor counting, the special equipment needed in counting and ways of transforming the figures from the calculators into estimates of the number of visits in a specific area. In addition, the results of a pilot study from the Teijo Hiking Area are presented as a case.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 490 Serial 2308  
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Author (up) Rechcinski, M., Pietrzyk-Kaszynska, A., Olszanska, A., Peek, B., Cent, J., Grodzinska-Jurczak, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Is PPGIS always an effective management tool? Reflections based on the Tatra National Park case study Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 99-101  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The presented study, realized within the LINKAGE (LINKing systems, perspectives and disciplines for Active biodiversity GovernancE) project between November 2014 and February 2015, aimed to identify landscape values of Tatra district in Poland. The whole project was to improve biodiversity governance in Poland and Norway by developing innovative protocols and technologies for biodiversity governance. In order to meet that challenge, we used the same carefully designed Internet-based PP GIS application in the socio-ecological context of three national parks: Jotunheimen and Saltfjellet–Svartisen NP in Norway and Tatra NP in Poland (Brown et al. 2015). Both the case studies and adopted methodology were selected to maximise possibility of further comparisons of the results – all the sites were of high-mountain character and protected as national parks. The PPGIS application was based on a tool already widely-used worldwide (see landscapevalues.org for further references) which additionally suggested its broad applicability. The tool uses points as spatial representations of the measured variables. Thus, the mapping exercise required from the respondent to place several markers on the provided basemap to inform about a) landscape values, b) preferred activities and c) unpreferred activities connected to certain places. The task was identical in both Polish and Norwegian applications.  
  Call Number Serial 3890  
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Author (up) Rechcinski, M., Strzelecka, M., Grodzinska-Jurczak, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Does Natura 2000 Always Mean Ecotourism Potential? Application of PP GIS to the Perception Study of the Tourist Stakeholders’ Values at the Local Scale of Natura 2000 Municipalities Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 458-461  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Natura 2000 has been established as the world largest network of protected areas to halt biodiversity loss in Europe, mainly by promoting sustainable use of semi-natural ecosystems. However, in many cases,the implementation of sustainability goals has beenlimited to its environmental dimension. This is evident especially in Central and Eastern Europe where residents reported significant social and economic costsof Natura 2000 (ref. Grodzinska-Jurczak, Cent 2011). Nature conservation authorities and some NGOs often proposeecotourism to respond to the residents’ concerns about negative local-scale economic impact of the Natura 2000 program. However, it can be misleading since an ecotourism potential is not solely created byenvironmental assets concentrated in Natura 2000 sites. Thus, inthis study, we focus more closely on social aspectsof ecotourismand provide insight into 1) community values towards nature, 2) stakeholders’ attitudes towards ecotourist path of development and 3) local environmental knowledge of the stakeholders. We arguethat only after learning these aspects and gaining an active support of wide array of stakeholders’ towards the ecotourist initiatives, the process can trulyaddress local-scale social and economic needswhile contributing to nature conservation (ref. Western, Wright 1994).  
  Call Number Serial 4005  
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Author (up) Reichhart, T.; Arnberger, A.; Muhar, A., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Assessing Trail Use Conditions Using Still Renderings and 3D Computer Animation Type
  Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 340-341  
  Keywords MMV3, Bicyclists, walkers, static, dynamic, 3D computer animation, still rendering, motion, social carrying capacity, character animation  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 754 Serial 2500  
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Author (up) Reif,U.; Rueede, D.; Petri, S.; Drossler, S. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Use of Mobile Data Application to Monitor Law Offense Cases at Black Forest National Park Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 470-472  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract Here, we present a case study of Black Forest National Park in which we customized the application CyberTracker to collect data on law offense cases. With the rise of applications on mobile devices used by park rangers to track species in a protected area, the possibility arose to use such a tracking application also for visitor monitoring.  
  Call Number Serial 4198  
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Author (up) Reigner, N.; Arnason, O.; Hallgrimsson, J.H.; Soevarsoon, R.; Gunnarsdottir, R.; Georgsson, S.O.; Skulladottir, S.S.; Salter, R. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Expanding carrying capacity assessment from the site level to the national level: An Icelandic case study Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 178-179  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract Stjórnstöð Ferðamála has commissioned EFLA Consulting Engineers (Iceland), and their collaborators from Recreation and Tourism Science (USA) and TRC Tourism (New Zealand), to develop a nation-wide approach to tourism carrying capacity assessment. This assessment analyzes the economic, infrastructural, and social dimensions of tourism carrying capacity for Iceland. Based on a quantitative modeling approach that predicts destination conditions (Y-axis variables) from tourism drivers (X-axis variables),  
  Call Number Serial 4097  
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Author (up) Reimann, M., Ehrlich, Ü., Tõnisson, H., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Valuing Estonian shores for outdoor recreation using landscape preferences and contingent valuation methods Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages 338-339  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 524 Serial 2968  
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Author (up) Reimann, M., Kerge, H. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Trail use and willingness to participate in trail management by local community of the Neeruti protected area, Estonia Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 232-234  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Beside the visitor studies in protected areas local community studies are becoming more and more relevant in the perspective of locals’ participation in trail use as well as in involvement in the management (Hughey et al 2015, Buta et al 2014, Reimann et al 2014). Neeruti Landscape Conservation area is established in 1957 with some restructuring in 1999 its area is 1313 hectars. The protected area is established to conserve unique postglacial landforms as well as forests, lakes and mires in the area. Neeruti is also included in the list of Natura 2000 areas. The area is also known as an action place of Estonian national epic, there Estonian national hero Kalevipoeg used to plow with a horse and formed the current landforms. Neeruti used to be a popular recreational area already 100 years ago when it had weekend recreation from Tallinn because of the good railway connection. In 1960s the first official nature trail in Soviet Estonia was established here. Today more marketed national parks and other protected areas have stronger popularity in Estonia and Neeruti has mainly regional importance for Laane-Viru county inhabitants. The purpose of the current study was to find out the usage and importance of the hiking trails for the local community and their willingness to contribute to the trail and visitor management processes.  
  Call Number Serial 3932  
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Author (up) Reimann, M.; Ehrlich, Ü., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Dependence of tourism destinations non-market value on the visit rate: the contingent valuation case study of Jägala Waterfall Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 239-242  
  Keywords MMV4, Nature tourism, nature resource utilization, contingent valuation  
  Abstract The article discusses the resource utilisation conflict at the example of Jägala Waterfall, which is the highest and greatest natural waterfall in Estonia. There are plans to build a hydro-power plant there, which would conduct most of the water past the waterfall to the power plant’s turbines, reducing significantly natural and recreational values of the waterfall. The authors carried out a contingent valuation (CV) study to identify the monetary equivalent of non-market values related with Jägala waterfall. This paper examines the dependence of the respondents’ willingness to pay (WTP) on whether or not they have visited the waterfall, indicating thus the significance of nature tourism for the formation of non-market value of natural features. The paper analyses also the dependence of the visit rate on the respondents’ sociometric characteristics. Using the Logit-model, it was identified that the statistically significant factors that influence the probability of visiting Jägala Waterfall are education, income and age. Gender and nationality are not statistictically significant factors for the probablity of visiting the Waterfall. It was also identified that visiting rate has positive impact to WTP.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 994 Serial 2618  
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Author (up) Reimann, M.; Kuldna, P.; Sovali-Sepping, H; Poltimae, H.; Uustal, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Naturalness and perceived safety in urban gree areas. Case study from Tallin, Estonia Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 158-160  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract Naturalness and perception of safety in urban green areas can be two indicators that influence visitor recreational patterns, but their impact may vary (Kabish 2015, Kronenberg 2015). The current study provides an overview of the visitor survey of three different urban green areas in Estonian capital Tallinn: 1) historical and most prominent urban park Kadriorg; 2) former strictly closed Soviet military area Paljassaare which is still very wild looking and basically unmanaged; 3) mixed area which has one part of wetland and shrubland in former inaccessible coastal area and another part of classically managed park Rocca Al Mare.  
  Call Number Serial 4090  
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Author (up) Reimann, M.; Lamp, M.-L., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title How Involvement and Economical Benefits can Change Local Residents’ Attitudes of Nature Conservation and Tourism: Karula National Park, Estonia Type
  Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 397-398  
  Keywords MMV3, Community-based tourism, public involvement, national park development, attitudes, perceptions, impacts  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 798 Serial 2522  
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Author (up) Reimann, M.; Tiivel, T. pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Changes in local community perceptions towards tourism impact. A case from Matsalu National Park, Estonia Type
  Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages 67-68  
  Keywords MMV7  
  Abstract  
  Call Number Serial 3098  
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Author (up) Reimann, M.; Jõõras,S. pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Disabled people perceptions of the nature trails Type
  Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages 136-137  
  Keywords MMV7  
  Abstract  
  Call Number Serial 3099  
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Author (up) Rein, H., Meifert, K., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Joined and online-based visitor monitoring and benchmarking Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages 92-93  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 413 Serial 2857  
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Author (up) Renner, C., Lupp, G., Stein, C., Siegrist, D., Bastian, O., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Maintaining high biodiversity and landscape diversity for and through tourism – approaches for co-financing models Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages 190-191  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 458 Serial 2902  
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Author (up) Restad, C.; Aas, Ø.; Wold, L.C., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title On the stone footpath – Reactions to abrasion reducing measures at Besseggen, Jotunheimen National Park, Norway Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages 29-30  
  Keywords MMV5, abrasion reducing measure, visitor survey, user satisfaction  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 278 Serial 2691  
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Author (up) Rettie, K. pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Winter data collection in Canada’s mountain parks Type
  Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages 98-99  
  Keywords MMV7  
  Abstract  
  Call Number Serial 3100  
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Author (up) Rettie, K., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Shaping Culture in Nature: Human Use Management in Canada’s Mountain National Parks Type
  Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 374-375  
  Keywords MMV3, National park management, visitor experience, culture and nature  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 776 Serial 2511  
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Author (up) Rettie, K., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Monitoring human use on trails in Canada’s mountain national parks Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages 94-95  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 414 Serial 2858  
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Author (up) Revier, H.; Folmer, A. pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Nature excursions in the Dutch Wadden Sea: tools to integrate tourism, outdoor recreation and nature protection in a natural World Heritage site Type
  Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages 58-59  
  Keywords MMV7  
  Abstract  
  Call Number Serial 3101  
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Author (up) Rice, W.; Pan, B., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Using Googles Mobility Data to understand park visitation during the COVID-19 pandemic: A note of caution Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 76-77  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically impacted park visitation around the globe. In an effort to understand the factors influencing these changes, numerous attempts have been made to use big data to monitor changes in park use (e.g., Venter et al., 2020). Googles Community Mobility Reports represent a dataset with significant potential in this regard. Released in April 2020, these reports were generated on the hypothesis that aggregated, anonymized data could be helpful [to] make critical decisions to combat COVID-19 (Fitzpatrick & DeSalvo, 2020, para. 1). The heading on the reports website asks browsers to see how your community is moving around differently due to COVID-19 (Google 2020b). The data released through the reports are generated from aggregated, anonymized sets of data from [Google] users who have turned on the Location History setting, which is off by default (Google 2020b).  
  Call Number Serial 4232  
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Author (up) Richard, B.; Altin, L. pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Guests’ reactions to being monitored: the balancing act of added value and privacy concerns Type
  Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages 108-109  
  Keywords MMV7  
  Abstract  
  Call Number Serial 3102  
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Author (up) Riseth, J.Å., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Parks for whom? A Norwegian policy dilemma: recreation vs indigenous interests Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 384-389  
  Keywords MMV4, Commercial tourism, convention on biological diversity, indigenous interests, IUCN category VI Yellowstone model  
  Abstract As most countries, Norway has adopted the Yellowstone model for nature protection; limiting humans’ role to be guests in nature. The country established its first national park in 1962. In 2008, 14.3 % of the mainland is formally protected; including 29 national parks, many established newly. Recent decades’ growing concern of the insufficiency of this protection model includes the lack of seeing conservation as a social issue, not only a biological one, was confirmed by the Vth World Park Conference in 2003. The same year the Norwegian government advanced a new policy for increased use of national parks for commercial tourism, named the “Mountain Text”. The fact not addressed is that 18 of 29 parks are situated in Sámi reindeer pasture areas. The contemporary policy has revealed an unexpected conflict of objectives. Whereas the Mountain Text strengthen the goal of recreation, affected Sámi herders fear that parks instead of protection for them will mean increased disturbance of vulnerable animals and areas and accordingly have changed their basic attitudes from being positive to becoming ambiguous towards new parks and park extensions. This is a problem both in equity as well as efficiency perspective and also a source of new conflicts. Norway currently reforms its conservation legislation to reinforce biodiversity protection. Though indigenous interests have not so far become a core issue in this process; this process and the international process under the Convention on Biological Diversity together create a window of opportunities for reconciling conflicting objectives. One of the relevant instruments is the IUCN Category VI, available from 1994, which juxtaposes biodiversity protection and sustainable use.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1056 Serial 2649  
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Author (up) Roberts, J., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title An audience based approach to communication intervention Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 502-504  
  Keywords MMV4, Audience-based communication, Codes of conduct, Recreational impacts  
  Abstract Communication Interventions (CIs) are often used by the environmental and outdoor sectors to try to manage and mitigate the impacts of recreation. This research audited the CIs currently being used in Wales, reviewed the process of creating them and explored the way that audiences gather and responded to advice, instruction and guidance. It found that currently most CIs are too narrow in their delivery and do not consider behaviour change sufficiently, tending to over focus on the message. The study recommends that CIs should utilise a broad range of integrated media, linked, if possible, to direct ‘points of contact’. A guide to creating effective audience based CIs is being developed using the results and recommendations.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1108 Serial 2675  
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Author (up) Roberts, J., Liley, D., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Welsh seasonal habitat vulnerability mapping Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages 40-41  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 389 Serial 2833  
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Author (up) Robinson, J.A.; Leung, Y.-F., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Visitor Use and Impact Monitoring: An Adaptive Design Model Type
  Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 472-473  
  Keywords MMV3, Adaptive management, adaptive monitoring, monitoring design, decision making process, protected areas, visitor impacts, visitor monitoring, impact monitoring, recreation ecology  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 855 Serial 2550  
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Author (up) Robles, N., Corbett, J., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The Program for Visitor Management at Monte Alban, Mexico: A Strategy for Managing Mass Tourism through Junior Volunteers Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 23-24  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract A common problem among those grand World Heritage Sites such as Angkor, TajMahal, Great Wall of China, or the Roman Coliseum is the unrelenting pressure of mass visitation, a continuing presence regardless of season or circumstance. Site managers and service providers know few respites and must plan their relationship with visitors as of constant demand. Most cultural and natural sites open to the public, however, experience periodic fluctuations in the flow of visitor traffic, i.e., across a year will have peak, moderate, and low seasons, often quite predictable because they coincide with calendars governing visitor mobility such as school calendars or public celebrations. In Latin America peak periods for domestic tourism frequently coincide with major flows of international tourist traffic, confronting sites with dramatic though predictable swings in the volume of visitors within a relatively short time.  
  Call Number Serial 3864  
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Author (up) Rodrigues Marques, N.; de Almeida Cunha, A.; Fazito, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Socio-environmental conflicts in the Cerrado Protected Areas of Chapada dos Veadeiros: a discursive treatment of tourism and development in Brazil Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 110-112  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract The critical literature on tourism development would benefit from a discursive treatment of development policy contexts (Bianchi, 2009), and more specifically in protected sites’ regions. To respond to this agenda, this ongoing research aims to analyze the socio-environmental conflicts between tourism and mining in the town of Cavalcante, in the state of Goiás. In order to address the proposed objective, we employed a Foucauldian Discourse Analysis method, seeking a deeper understanding of the empirical reality and its complexity.  
  Call Number Serial 4074  
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Author (up) Rodrigues, Á., Rodrigues, A., Fernandes, F., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title “Night walks” and rural development: A Case Study of Alentejo, Portugal Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages 392-393  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 550 Serial 2994  
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Author (up) Rodrigues, Á.; Kastenholz, E.; Rodrigues, A., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Walking trails in recreational and protected areas: an exploratory study of the tourist’s perception of natural areas Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 203-208  
  Keywords MMV4, Hiking, destination marketing, visitor survey, market analysis, natural areas  
  Abstract Nowadays, there is a growing demand for leisure, recreation and tourism activities in nature, with hiking being one of the most popular activities. Walking on a trail through nature, besides providing contact with nature, fruition and relaxation, also constitutes an effective way of interaction between men and nature that could awake an increased environmental awareness (Siqueira, 2004). However, tourists that visit natural areas are not a homogeneous segment (Wight, 2001). Specific motivations and personal characteristics make people look for natural areas with different desires. This understanding is very important for those responsible for the planning and management of natural areas. In this context there are two sides to be considered: supply and demand. One of the most efficient ways to manage flows of visitors in natural environments focuses on the careful design of walking trails. However, for that development to be planned and managed in a sustainable manner it is necessary to know the hikers’ profile. This paper presents the results of an exploratory survey of Portuguese and foreign hikers in Portuguese natural areas of different landscapes. Differences between the national and international visitor group could be identified as far as environmental preferences and nature perception is concerned, implying differentiated destination marketing strategies for protected areas.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 976 Serial 2609  
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Author (up) Rodrigues, A.; Rodrigues, Á., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Diversification of the tourism offer in rural and natural areas: the implementation of a Dark-Sky Reserve in Portugal Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages 234-235  
  Keywords MMV5, Dark-Sky Reserve, Portugal, tourism, light pollution, protected areas  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 184 Serial 2783  
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Author (up) Rogowski, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Monitoring System of Tourist Traffic (MSTT) in Stolowe Mts. National Park in SW Poland Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 58-61  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract The Stolowe Mts. National Park (SMNP) is located in the Sudetes Mts. in South-West Poland, on the border with the Czech Republic. The total area of the SMNP is 6,340 ha and there are around 100 km of marked hiking trails. The Monitoring System of Tourist Traffic (MSTT) in the SMNP consisted of the following specific objectives: 1) Qualitative monitoring using questionnaire-based data collection of visitors’ motivations and preferences; 2) Quantitative monitoring using 38 infrared sensors (Eco-counters) to count tourist traffic at the entrances of marked hiking trails within the SMNP border.  
  Call Number Serial 4056  
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Author (up) Rogowski, M., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Changes of tourism under impact of COVID-19 pandemic in Stołowe Mountains and Karkonosze Mountains National Parks, south-western Poland Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 104-105  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract National parks are important tourist destinations because of their high bio- and geodiversity values that enable outdoor activities and leisure in natural environment. This is vibrant issues because the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions have limited leisure in natural environment. This presentation highlights the outcomes of the survey conducted on visitors behaviour and motivations during national park visits at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. The research was conducted in two mountain national parks located in south-western Poland, i.e., Stolowe Mts. National Park (SMNP) and Karkonosze National Park (KNP), both located in the Sudety Mountains along the Polish-Czech national border. The study identifies intentions of visitors behaviour change in comparison with the pre-COVID-19 period, i.e., 2017-2019. The study aimed to determine the factors that influence the mountain national park visits. Specifically, the surveys were used i) to assess spatiotemporal changes of visitors, distribution in two national parks, including changes in seasonality of tourism and frequencies of main tourism attractions sight-seeings; i) to characterized changes in motivations and behaviours of park visitors during the pandemic period in comparison to the pre-COVID-19 period.  
  Call Number Serial 4246  
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Author (up) Roose, A., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Designing visitor monitoring system in Estonian nature reserves combining passive mobile positioning with other counting methods Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages 132-133  
  Keywords MMV5, visitor monitoring, nature reserves, mobile positioning  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 234 Serial 2736  
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Author (up) Roose, A., Sepp, K., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Balancing conservation and visitation through a comprehensive monitoring system of nature protection in Estonia Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages 88-89  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 410 Serial 2854  
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