MMV Proceedings Database -- Query Results

	MMV Proceedings Database Home \| Show All \| Simple Search \| Advanced Search	Login Quick Search: Field: contains:
	521–560 of 1378 records found matching your query (RSS):

Search & Display Options

Select All Deselect All

[1–10] << 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 >> [21–30]

List View

Citations

Details

	Records
	Author	Jakovic, B., Tubic, D., Baklan, R.
	Title	Touristic events as generators of visitations increase and tourism sustainability of Nature parks			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	117-119
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Increased demand and interest in outdoor recreation is an ideal opportunity for tourism development in protected areas, but also and challenge for park management to attract more visitors, meettheir needs andexpectations. Satisfying the needs as well and the expectations of the visitors, mostly lead to achieving a higher level of touristic experience which brings multiple benefits for the visited protected areas, such as increased spending, longer stay, return, recommendation etc.Seeing that the revenues from traditional government sources decreasing, tourism provides a vital source of revenues for park agencies. It also provides a key means for protected area agencies to realize their objectives relating to visitor appreciation and enjoyment (Bushell, Eagles, 2006). Anyway, the tourism development in protected areas brings not only benefits, but also the expenses, from the ecological, economical and sociocultural point of view.Ensuring that tourism contributes to the sustainable management of protected areas, it will require enhanced cooperation and partnerships among the tourism industry, governments at all levels, local communities, protected area managers and planners (Eagles et al., 2002).
	Call Number				Serial	3896
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jansen, P.,
	Title	The gap between science and forest management			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	300-301
	Keywords	MMV5, forest management, research, tools, effective communication
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 192			Serial	2810
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jay, M.; Schraml, U.,
	Title	Migrants’ perspectives on urban forests: the influence of a migration background on patterns of forest use and perception			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	43-44
	Keywords	MMV5, empirical social research, forest recreation, Germany, migration
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 98			Serial	2698
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jensen, F.S.,
	Title	Crowding in Danish Forests – a Nonexistent Problem?			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	378-379
	Keywords	MMV3, Recreation, carrying capacity, social dimension, crowding, preference, forest, Denmark
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 780			Serial	2513
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jensen, F.S.; Nord-Larsen, T.; Johannsen, V.K.; Skov-Petersen,H.
	Title	Recreational indicators in the Danish National Forest Inventory – experiences and results			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	138-139
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3059
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jensen, T.,
	Title	Visitor Monitoring of Eight Recreational and Protected Areas			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	456-457
	Keywords	MMV3, Outdoor recreational activities, national parks and protected areas, monitoring movements
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 839			Serial	2542
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jeon,B-g.; Buerger-Arndt,R.; Avenzora,R.; Lee,J-h.
	Title	Community based outdoor recreation planning: an international collaborative venture between Korea and Indonesia			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	285-286
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3060
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Job, H.; Metzler, D.; Woltering, M.,
	Title	Large Scale Protected Areas + Tourism = Regional Development?			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	140-144
	Keywords	MMV3, Large Scale Protected Areas, regional economic impacts, value-added analysis
	Abstract	The results of this research clearly indicate that tourism in Large Scale Protected Areas can generate considerable benefits for the regional economy, especially in peripheral and structurally disadvantaged regions. For instance, in Mueritz National Park it is estimated that guests whose key motivation for visiting was the brand ‘National Park’ (a share of nearly 44% of all 390 000 visitors in 2004) created the equivalent of 261 full time job equivalents. In Berchtesgaden National Park only about 10% of 1.13 million visitors in 2002 have been attracted by the Protected Area brand, generating about 206 jobs. In the regions of Hoher Flaeming and Altmuehltal 211 respectively 483 jobs were created by Nature Park related tourism. But in the latter cases these impacts are largely not ascribable to the status as a Protected Area. As indicated by this research, more importance should be attached to the issue of tourism in Large Scale Protected Areas. Financial benefits of tourism in National Parks and Nature Parks may contribute to increasing acceptance of nature conservation. Therefore decision-making processes in nature protection and regional tourism policy need to more fully incorporate aspects of durable economic development. Therefore decision-making processes concerning nature protection and tourism policy need to more fully incorporate the concept of sustainability, whether with regard to nature- based and ecotourism in Protected Areas in general, or with specific regard to Nature Parks and conservation as well as development of cultural landscapes therein.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 639			Serial	2443
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jochem, R.,
	Title	Building the model right and building the right model: Verification and validation of the recreation simulation model MASOOR			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	160-160
	Keywords	MMV4, Behaviour simulation, MASOOR, recreation model, behavioural rules and preferences
	Abstract	MASOOR (Multi Agent Simulation Of Outdoor Recreation) is a multi-agent recreational behaviour simulation model. MASOOR is developed to evaluate both existing management policies and effects of various management actions. In addition, it can serve as a communication tool in participatory processes. By visualizing recreational behaviour on maps the model helps different stakeholders (recreationists, managers, scientists) to interpret the complex patterns of visitor use and support the discussion among those stakeholders. However, it is important that the model is verified and validated. Verification can be defined as the process of testing whether or not the logic of the model is acceptable. It involves checking that the model behaves as expected and it is sometimes referred to as testing the ëinner validityí of the model. Verification deals with building the model right. Validation relates to the extent that the model adequately represent the actual situation that is modeled. Validation deals with building the right model. Validity can be ascertained by comparing the output of the model with comparable data collected from a real-world system using a various statistics. In this paper we verify MASOOR by an assessment of recreational path use at different numbers of replications. We validate MASOOR by comparing the modeled output with real world data. Finally, we focus the validation on specific behavioural rules such as preference for path type and chunking direction
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 958			Serial	2600
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jochem, R.; Pouwels, R.; Visschedijk, P.A.M.,
	Title	MASOOR: The Power to Know – A Story About the Development of an Intelligent and Flexible Monitoring Instrument			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	347-350
	Keywords	MMV3, Agent based modelling, MASOOR, recreation, visitor, nature management
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 758			Serial	2502
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jodlowski, M.
	Title	Management strategies for outdoor recreation in Central European high-mountain national parks			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	86-88
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	High-mountain ranges are unique features of the landscape in Poland, Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Slovakia and Slovenia. They are also one of the main tourism destination in the respective countries. Traditional outdoor activities i.e. mountaineering and alpine skiing are extremely popular there although in the last two decades new forms of outdoor sports and recreation have gain significant importance, e.g. ski-touring, rock climbing, mountain biking and other (see Zinser 1995). There is a broad knowledge of tourism impact on mountain environment in general (e.g. Rixen, Rolando 2013) but various management strategies and regulations are applied in response to this impact (Eagles et al. 2002, Manning, Anderson 2012, Mason 2005).
	Call Number				Serial	3886
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jodlowski, M.,
	Title	Climbing management in protected areas of southern Poland			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	484-484
	Keywords	MMV4, Rock climbing, climbing management, environmental impact, bolts, Southern Poland
	Abstract	Hundreds of rock cliffs and isolated rocks can be found in Southern Poland within upland, mid-mountain or high-mountain landscapes. Most of these sites are, to a various extent, protected by law – within national parks, landscape parks, nature reserves or nature monuments. They are major tourist attractions for visitors of the respective protected areas who generally do not interfere with cliffs ecosystems. This is not the case with climbing activities which remain a subject of an unremitting controversy.This work focuses on the analysis of the climbing management with respect to the assessment of the impact of climbing activities on cliff environment. Polish environmental law does not regulate climbing management, referring it to the competence of protected area managers. However, in the majority of protected areas management consists only in a total closure of some areas to any climbing activities. Trees have been frequently planted in the vicinity of rocks; rock surfaces on which climbing had been curtailed are now overgrown with mosses and herbaceous vegetation, while natural xerophyte and heliophyte communities have been destroyed. Resulting landscape changes largely decreased many geosites’ attractiveness not only for climbing but tourism in general. Only recently in some climbing areas trees and shrubs in the vicinity of cliffs have been cleared, however, frequently such actions are not previously consulted with reserve or national park managers. With the growing popularity of this type of qualified tourism, it is necessary to create a modern system of climbing management, based on environmental conservation. Conservation and management plans for protected areas should contain detailed regulations of access to particular geosites where climbing activities are to be allowed. Such regulations may impose seasonal closure of particular cliffs or parts of cliffs to climbing during bird nesting periods or closures due to protection of cliff plant communities. Specified should be the types of permitted climbing activities together with protection method. Finally, monitoring of climbing intensity and environmental impact should be carried out for sustainable tourism development
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1094			Serial	2668
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jodlowski, M.,
	Title	Climbers’ attitudes toward nature conservation and management in Tatra National Park, Poland			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	207-208
	Keywords	MMV5, management, attitudes, questionnaire survey, Tatra National Park
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 258			Serial	2771
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jodlowski, M., Rechcinski, M.,
	Title	Model of high-mountain hiking trails (via ferrata type) in Tatra National Park – A comparison between Poland and Slovakia in the context of the Alps			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	146-147
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 438			Serial	2882
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jodlowski, M.; Depta, L.; Wójcik, P.,
	Title	Climbing impact on the relief and vegetation of the Tatra National Park			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	85-85
	Keywords	MMV4, Tatra National Park, climbing impact, relief, vegetation
	Abstract	The Tatra Mts. are the only high-mountain range in Poland, protected as a national park since 1954. The environment of rock cliffs, and especially the vegetation is unique within the mountain ecosystem. However, harsh environmental conditions result in high level of ecosystem vulnerability. In the Tatra National Park climbing activity encompasses all of its disciplines: sport climbing on equipped routes, both short and multi-pitched, traditional climbing as well as the alpine climbing. Recently, new climbing disciplines, such as dry-tooling and bouldering, have also became popular. The climbing impact has been a subject to competitive debate between national park managers, naturalists and climbers, although it has been relatively weakly studied. This study focuses on the landscape changes resulting from climbing activities on the cliff ecosystems located in forest, subalpine and alpine geoecological belts, both on carbonate and crystalline substrate. Within some crags climbing activity is permitted by law, however the others are a subject to illegal exploration. The basis for this study was surveying the existing climbing routes (and state of protection. e.g. bolts and pitons) as well as monitoring of the climbing intensity on specific crags. The landscape changes were identified by geomorphic mapping of cliffs and adjacent slopes as well as botanical studies. Observed landscape changes caused by climbers result mainly in mechanical damage of vegetation, growing instability of slope covers, and micro-relief alteration. The impact significantly differs with reference to climbing disciplines and geological substrate. The largest changes encompassing complete removal of vegetation layer and soil cover result from dry-tooling on limestone cliffs, whereas sport climbing on granite cliffs causes only limited removal of weathered rocks and restraining of lichens succession.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 920			Serial	2582
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Johansen, K., Koster, R., Hunt, L.,
	Title	Environmental messages, diver attitudes and depreciative behaviours: Does how we communicate environmental messages to recreational divers and dive tourists really matter?			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	136-137
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 434			Serial	2878
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Johansen, K., Spence, K.,
	Title	Implementing the Trans Canada Trail 2017 connectivity plan in Northern Ontario, Canada: Tourism, hiking trails and rural development			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	204-205
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 464			Serial	2908
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jone, B.; Findlater, K.; Bissix, G.
	Title	Operation ironworks: addressing antisocial behaviour in Scotland’s first national park			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	100-101
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3061
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jones, T., Yamamoto, K., Aikoh, T., Kobayashi, A.
	Title	Comparing Climber Monitoring Methods on Mount Fuji			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	242-244
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Monitoring visitation is fundamental to effective management of protected areas, directing limited budgets towards mitigation of high priority impacts, such as those related to trails, trash and congestion. Accurate data is fundamental to negotiate problematic ‘hotspots’ and minimize conflicts between visitor segments (Eagles, 2014). However, although considerable research efforts have been devoted to monitoring visitation, many protected areas still function with inaccurate or out-of-date visitation statistics, exacerbated by a lack of systematic data collection due to various problems (Cope et al., 2000, Cessford & Muhar, 2003, Buckley 2009, Aikoh & Gokita, 2015):- – lack of multi-year time series due to changing count methods and institutional arrangements, – under-reporting due to multiple entrances, multiple access roads or non-tourist traffic, – representativeness of sample days undermined by weather conditions, public holidays, etc, – ‘guesstimates’ based on perceptions of staff or local volunteers, indirect or anecdotal evidence. In the ongoing quest for reliable, cost-effective collection methods, the pros and cons of on-site staff versus automated counters is a perennial question which this paper aims to contextualize using the case study example of two parallel systems currently being utilized on Mount Fuji’s north face.
	Call Number				Serial	3935
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jones, T., Yamamoto, K., Aramaki, S.,
	Title	Building a proactive conservation strategy for Mt Fuji’s foreign climbers			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	138-139
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 435			Serial	2879
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jones,T.; Take,M.
	Title	Monitoring attitudes to nature-based tourism: A case Study of Japan’s National Parks.			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	211-212
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3062
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Juliao, R.P: Humanas, S.E.; Valente, M.; Nogueira Mendes, R.
	Title	Issues on trail runners, trail running and recreational and protected areas in Portugal			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	290-293
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	Present paper delivers a tentative picture of TR in Portugal, providing the first systematic research of this recreational activity. A geographical analysis is done to the race events of 2017 and analyzed according to the trail runners profile in order to understand the main motivations and characteristics of this activity. Comprising the practitioners expectations is an important step to support land managers and decision makers to accommodate those within the main objectives of classified and protected areas – nature conservation, local and sustainable development, etc.
	Call Number				Serial	4138
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Junge,X.; Schüpbach,B.; Hunziker,M.
	Title	Results of forest-preference surveys in Switzerland			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	223-224
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3063
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jungmeier, M.; Kovarovics, A.; Leitner, H.; Rossmann, D.,
	Title	Managing emerging patterns of outdoor recreation – The example of Nockberge Bio-sphere Reserve, Austria			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	198-199
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed multiple aspects of human-nature interactions and relationships. In protected areas, for example, the significantly reduced or altered visitor frequencies of the anthropopause (Rutz et al., 2020, p. 1156) have opened up the possibility of observing the influence of tourism and visitor behaviour on wildlife. Yet, the pandemic has increased the pressure on many natural sites and protected areas. An inquiry on European protected areas identifies overcrowding, a new profile of visitors, problematic behavior, and conflicts between different user groups(McGinlay et al., 2020, p. 1) as corresponding problems. This gives measures for the precautionary proactive management of visitor flows and tourism activities a new relevance.
	Call Number				Serial	4289
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Junker, B.; Buchecker, M.,
	Title	Recreation Interests and Participation in River Restoration Projects			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	266-267
	Keywords	MMV3, Public participation, river restoration, land-use conflict, public acceptance, social sustainability, water resources management, case studies
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 706			Serial	2476
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kaae, B.; Olafsson, A.S.
	Title	Profiles of water oriented outdoo recreation groups in Denmark			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	204-205
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	The paper aims at drawing profiles of the different groups participating in different types of water-oriented outdoor recreation in Denmark in relation to a number of socio-demographic variables.
	Call Number				Serial	4106
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kaae, B.C., Olafsson, A.S., Draux, H., Skov-Petersen, H.
	Title	Latent demand and constraints to water-oriented outdoor recreation in Denmark			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	332-334
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Denmark is a small and highly coastal country with 7,300 km of coastlines and over 400 islands as well as many lakes and streams. Consequently, the outdoor recreation patterns are particularly linked to the coastal and marine environments. Based on a national survey, this paper focuses on assessing latent demand and constraints in relation to water-oriented outdoor recreation. The aim of the paper is to analyze latent demand and constraints to participation in water-oriented outdoor recreation among three groups: 1) water-oriented outdoor recreationists, 2) land-oriented outdoor recreationists, and 3) non-recreationists. The study explores the existence of a latent demand even among participants due to constraints reducing their preferred participation.
	Call Number				Serial	3964
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kaae, B.C.; Olafsson, A.S.,
	Title	Inclusion of coastal and marine recreation in a data-driven framework for ecosystem-based Maritime Spatial Planning in Danish marine waters.			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	176-176
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	This presentation describes how coastal and marine recreation data has been included in a cross-sectoral project ECOMAR: A data-driven framework for ecosystem-based Maritime Spatial Planning in Danish marine waters. This development and demonstration project involves data from a range of marine sectors including coastal and marine recreation and analyses these in an extensive cumulative impact assessment modelling. The presentation will focus on the results linked to the coastal and marine recreation: How other marine sectors have impact on coastal and marine recreation as well as the recreational impacts on some of the sectors. The results, implications and use of coastal and marine recreation data for Maritime Spatial Planning and management are discussed and related to the newly released Danish Maritime Spatial Plan.
	Call Number				Serial	4279
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kabashima, Y., Cristina, T., Almeida, L.,
	Title	Theory and reality of the field guide profession in a protected area			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	208-209
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 466			Serial	2910
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kadijk, H., Bergsma, M.
	Title	The Dutch and German Waddencoast: Similar but different. An entrepreneurial context			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	199-200
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	The Dutch and German Waddencoast belong to the international Waddensea area, which was assigned the status of World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2009. Cross-border comparison shows both areas have similar natural resources, however show different developments where tourism is concerned. While along the German coast artificial beaches, marinas and campsites are represented, these tourism assets are less matured along the Dutch Waddencoast. Empirical evidence shows that the natural and cultural resources of a destination constitute only a comparative advantage of a tourist area: they are a necessity but not a sufficient condition for being competitive (Cracolici & Nijkamp, 2009). Hence, if these resources do not provide an answer in explaining the difference in tourism development between Germany and the Netherlands, explanations should be sought elsewhere. Moscardo (2014) emphasized on the complex pattern of governments, entrepreneurs and other actors within the process of community development and called for a need to understand the interplay between tourism and other community activities. This research paper focuses on the interplay between tourism entrepreneurs and their environment. The purpose is to understand the difference in tourism development along the Dutch and German Waddencoast by exploring the meanings, feelings and beliefs German and Dutch tourism entrepreneurs attach to their environment.
	Call Number				Serial	3921
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kahler, A.; Arnberger, A.,
	Title	A comparison of passive infrared counter results with time lapse video monitoring at a shared urban recreational trail			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	485-489
	Keywords	MMV4, Passive infrared sensor, shared trail, video monitoring, Vienna
	Abstract	This study compared two visitor counting methods at a heavily used multi-use access trail to the Donau-Auen National Park in Vienna, Austria. We compared visitor numbers gained by video monitoring with passive infrared counter results (Ecocounter – Ecotwin©). Both devices were installed at the same place and recorded the recreation use along the trail between December 2007 and January 2008. During daylight the video camera took pictures every 1.6 seconds. Counting by Ecotwin resulted in 3477 counts, while the total amount of counts by video monitoring was 4405. We will discuss causes for the differences in visitor numbers, and the pro and cons of both methods.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1096			Serial	2669
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kajala, L., Karoles-Viia, K.
	Title	Long term visitor monitoring in protected and recreational areas – results from Finland and Estonia			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	134-136
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Parks & Wildlife Finland (P&WF) is a unit of Metsahallitus that manages Finland’s national parks and other state-owned protected and recreational areas. Estonian State Management Centre (SFMC) is responsible for managing the Estonian state forests and providing opportunities for outdoor recreation in state forests and protected areas. Both agencies have monitored protected and recreational area visitors with similar methodology for more than ten years, P&WF Finland since year 2000 and SFMC since year 2002 (Metsahallitus 2016a, Metsahallitus 2016b, Karoles & Maran 2014). When visitor information is gathered with uniform and systematic visitor monitoring methods across areas and time, it provides invaluable possibilities for comparisons (Hornback & Eagles 1999, Kajala et al. 2007). This paper examines international visitor information, comparing national level visitor monitoring statistics from Estonia and Finland.
	Call Number				Serial	3901
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kajala, L.; Erkkonen, J.,
	Title	Why count visitors? Twenty years of experiences on visitor monitoring in Finlands protected areas			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	50-52
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	This paper presents the Finnish case of visitor monitoring as implemented by Parks & Wildlife Finland (P&WF) in national parks and other protected areas. We give an overview of the entire visitor monitoring process from data collection and storage to using the data in reporting, management and decision making.
	Call Number				Serial	4053
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kajala, L.; Erkkonen, J.; Perttula, M.,
	Title	Measures for Developing Sustainability of Nature Tourism in Protected Areas			Type
	Year	2004	Publication	Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 2 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	236-241
	Keywords	MMV2
	Abstract	Nature protection areas are often significant and attractive recreation areas and tourist destinations. In Finland, Metsähallitus manages most of state owned protected areas. Thus, Metsähallitus also has a significant responsibility for tourism development in these areas. As a part of a larger Metsähallitus project to promote sustainable nature tourism in protected areas, the organization has developed measures for estimating the environmental impacts of nature tourism in protected areas. The measures are derived from Metsähallitus’ nine principles of for sustainable nature tourism, including the aspects of ecological, socio-cultural, and economic sustainability. The indicators have been tested in six pilot areas across Finland. This article describes the process of developing indicators, and the ways in which the indicators are being and will be used through incorporating them into the overall planning process. Sustainability is approached by setting standards, i.e. defining the limits of acceptable change, for each indicator. While some of the indicators are ready to be used, further development and testing is still required.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 344			Serial	2380
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kajala, L.; Konu, H.; Mikkola, J.; Neuvonen, M.; Tapainen, M.; Tyrvainen, L.,
	Title	Exploring trends of visitation: 20 years of visitor monitoring in Finnish national parks			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	258-259
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	The demand of nature-based tourism and recreation has increased due to changes in society, leisure, urbanization, and increased awareness of the health benefits of nature, and during the COVID-19 pandemic destinations such as national parks and protected areas have become even more popular (e.g. Haukeland et al. 2021; Rikkonen et al. 2020). The steady growth during the last decade can be identified also from the increased number of national park visits in Finland (see Figure 1). The growing numbers of visitation, combined with the increase in park hectares, place pressures for management, especially as customer needs and preferences have become increasingly diversified. Gaining visitor insight – identifying growth trends and changes in visitor profiles – is essential for the quality of management in national parks. The purpose of this study is to gain a broader view on the development and trends of visitor motivations, activities, and demographics during the last 20 years. More detailed examination is also made in four park categories.
	Call Number				Serial	4314
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kajikawa, M.; Miyasaka, T.; Kubota, Y.; Oba, A.; Miyasaja, K.,
	Title	Quantifying nationality bias in data from different social media platforms for visitor monitoring in Nikko National Park, Japan			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	52-53
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Nature-based tourism in protected areas has grown worldwide in recent years, but excessive use of natural areas can result in their degradation or loss. Visitor management should be based on proper monitoring data to achieve quality experiences for visitors without damaging nature resources. Visitor data are typically collected through field surveys, but budget and human resource constraints can limit the spatiotemporal resolution of survey data. Geotagged photos and messages posted on social media by visitors have attracted attention as useful sources of information with high spatiotemporal resolution. Previous studies, however, have raised concerns that biases in social media data arising from the sociodemographic attributes of posters can create challenges in determining who and what the social media data represent, and in interpreting this data in a reliable way. The present study focused on nationality bias, i.e., differences between the nationality of actual visitors versus the nationality of those visitors who post on social media. Nationality bias can arise due to significant differences in the use of social media from country to country (including the proportion of the population using social media). Cultural and values differences between countries can also greatly influence visitor behavior, and these gaps may lead to over- or under-estimation of visitors from specific countries or regions. However, nationality bias is not fully understood because few studies have explicitly considered it until now (e.g., Heikinheimo et al., 2017; Sinclair et al., 2020). In addition, the previous studies were confined to protected areas where the majority of visitors were from Europe.
	Call Number				Serial	4221
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kalenjuk, B., Timotic, D., Tesanovic, D., Gagic, S., Banjac, M.
	Title	Analysis of the state and offer of the hospitality facilities in special nature reserves in Vojvodina			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	498-500
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Special Nature Reserves (abbreviated – SNR) are the most valuable protected areas, in which nature is unchanged or slightly changed. These include the habitats of endangered and rare species of wild plants, animals and fungi, without settlements or with rare settlements where man lives in line with nature. The establishment of the SNR is carried out in order to preserve the existing natural features, gene pool, ecological balance, monitoring of natural phenomena and processes, preservation of traditional way of life (Epler Wood, 2002, Szabados and Kicošev, 2006).
	Call Number				Serial	4016
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kalisch, D.,
	Title	Car traffic in a national park: visitors’ perceptions and attitudes			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	148-149
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 439			Serial	2883
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kalisch, D.; Klaphake, A.,
	Title	Perceived Crowding and Satisfaction among Overnight and Day Visitors on Hallig Hooge – A Visitor Survey in the Wadden Sea National Park, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	370-371
	Keywords	MMV3, Perceived crowding, visitor conflicts, satisfaction, survey, expectations, motivations
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 772			Serial	2509
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kalisch, D.; Klaphake, A.,
	Title	The dilemma of recreational use versus nature protection – Responses from National Park authorities in Austria, Germany and Switzerland			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	404-408
	Keywords	MMV4, national park tourism, recreation management, visitor activities, monitoring
	Abstract	National Parks in Central Europe, which attract millions of visitors annually, are being threatened by a wide variety of negative impacts. In this highly populated region, we find numerous hazards caused by infrastructure, agriculture and tourism. For this reason, preserving the environment is the main goal of the National park authorities. As visitor numbers increase, there is a consequential increase in environmental impacts and conflicts between different visitor groups. In order to balance tourism and conservation and to reduce and minimize negative effects on the ecosystem, authorities implement visitor management strategies. These require specified knowledge about visitor flows, visitor numbers and the main activities undertaken by visitors. Over the past years most european National Parks have adopted periodical visitor monitoring, to gather data about visitor numbers and characteristics. There exists however differences in quality and extent of monitoring programs. With this in mind, we surveyed a number of National Park authorities to gauge their perception of recreation use level, different National Park activities and the application of management tools in the parks. Overall we asked 21 authorities in Austria, Germany and Switzerland to complete a questionnaire which includes questions about current and expected visitor numbers, monitoring of the current recreation use and impacts, measures to control the recreational use, conflicts between nature and tourism and cooperation with other stakeholders in the area. The result of the survey suggests that most of the authorities (81%) simply estimate the recreational use in national park. More than half of authorities anticipate an increase of visitor numbers (especially in National Parks founded in the late 1990s) and none expect that numbers will decrease. They report various suitable protective measures that are in operation and accepted by the National Park visitors. All in all, the authorities consider any negative environmental impacts of visitor activities to be moderate.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1062			Serial	2652
Permanent link to this record