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Author (up) Falk, M.; Hagsten, E., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Threats to natural world heritage sites from visitors, climate change and transportation: A management perspective Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 356-357  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract The UNESCO list of World heritages includes both cultural and natural sites. Nature parks and cultural landscapes can assigned to the latter group. These sites are often located in sensitive areas and could be threatened by environmental pressures, climate change and crowds of visitors. Despite this, natural (as well as cultural) heritage sites are increasingly used as tools for national tourism marketing campaigns. This in in combination with signs of strong visitor growth raises the discussion of over-visitation (Adie, 2017; Job, Becken and Lane, 2017; Scuttari, and Orsi, Bassani, 2019). Subsequently, there are suggestions that the social and environmental carrying capacity of WHSs should be carefully monitored including an emphasis on information on visitor density (Shelby, Vaske and Heberlein; 1989; Kaltenborn et al., 2013). Previous research show that inclusion of natural areas in the UNESCO WHS list has a significant impact on tourism (Buckley, 2004). However, the management perspective of these aspects is still unknown.The aim of this study is to examine the management perspective on presumptive environmental issues relating to Natural World Heritage sites. The analysis focuses on four perceptions: (i) visitor accommodation (buildings) and associated infrastructure, (ii) ground transportation infrastructure, (iii) visitor impact (iv) climate change and severe weather events. An ordered Probit model is used to estimate the perceptions of the management.Data is based on the UNESCO World Heritage Management Report 2014 and encompass 90 World Heritage sites that are either purely natural or mixed. Cultural landscapes are also included. The explanatory factors include year of inscription, size (measured as land area in hectares), type (full natural site, mixed natural site or archaeological or cultural landscape), covered by the danger list (with risk of losing the inscription) and country of location. Indicators at the country level capture the general environmental performance and attitudes.  
  Call Number Serial 4357  
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Author (up) Fang, C.-P.; Hsu, Y.-C., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Sequence Effect on Satisfaction Regarding Perceived Crowding: Whitewater Rafters in Taiwan Type
  Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 363-364  
  Keywords MMV3, Indicators, questionnaire design, recreational carrying capacity, standards  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 766 Serial 2506  
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Author (up) Fangel, K., Eide, N., Hagen, D., Flyen, A., Vistad, I., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title A conceptual model for assessing wildlife vulnerability to human activity at visitor sites in Svalbard Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages 44-45  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 391 Serial 2835  
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Author (up) Farias-Torbidoni, E.I., Baric, D., Anic, P. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title A segmentation approach in determining visitor motivation to engage in physical activities levels. The case of Spanish protected areas Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 363-365  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract In last three decades, the volume of published literature, acknowledged that wilderness and protected areas play an important role in natural ecosystem conservation and provision of wide variety of goods and services necessary for sustaining the wellbeing of human community in general. Increased demand of society for participation in outdoor recreational activities during the leisure time, to date, instigate a number of scholars and community initiatives to focus their attention on promotion of protected natural settings as key “units” for the enhancement of human physical and mental health . As protected area visitors do not represent one homogenous group, it therefore, seems crucial to provide park managers understandable empirical evidences about whether and to which extent visitors differ in terms of willingness to engage in different physical activities levels. Despite that similar investigations have been conducted, the majority of them were focused on visitors to urban parks than wilderness and protected natural settings. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to segment the visitors to five protected natural areas in Cataluña (Spain), by their motivation to engage in physically challenging activities and then after to examine the influence of socio-demographic, trip, motivational and attitudinal descriptors on segmentation membership.  
  Call Number Serial 3974  
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Author (up) Farias-Torbidoni, E.I., Baric, D., Mas-Alos, S., Planas-Anzano, A., Montserrat-Revillo, S., Gil, G. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The influence of visitor characteristic and natural park facilities on physical activity levels. A case of study Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 493-495  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Recreational and sport activities in protected natural areas (PNA) have increased in recent years. Protected natural areas are not only promising means to satisfy current health-enhancing physical activity (PA) recommendations, but they also are an ideal environment to promote physical activity (Bedimo-Rung et al., 2005, Mowen et al., 2012). However, few investigations have examined user characteristics and park facilities in relation to park-based PA levels or intensities. The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of PNA visitors (socio-demographic data, recreational behaviour, motivations and preferences) and PNA facilities (PA areas, supporting activities, etc.) in respect to metabolic equivalent (MET) expenditure: sedentary, light, moderate and vigorous activities. The work has prominent potential to help decision makers in developing the sound policy and managerial guidance to increase understanding about the complex relationships between user physical activity level and park amenities.  
  Call Number Serial 4015  
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Author (up) Farias-Torbidoni, E.I.; Morera-Carbonell, S.; Dorado-Martinez, V.; Nogueira- Mendes, R.M.; Iturria, D.; Sola, M., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title How many is too much? A methodological approach to determining climbing carrying capacity. The case of Margalef Site – Serra de Montsant Natural Park – Spain Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 196-197  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Protected areas (PA) are key territories for protecting biodiversity while also providing opportunities for human-environment interactions through recreation and tourism, activities that have generally grown all over the world. Over the last three decades, due to the improvement of materials, techniques, and methods of physical preparation, one of the recreational/sports use that has increased considerably in PA has been Climbing that has reached unpredictable popularity and technical levels, increasing pressure and impacts over natural and fragile environments. The Montsant Natural Park, located in the westernmost of the Catalan Pre-littoral range, within the Priorat region, is a special rocky territory with five differentiated climbing areas among which Margalef stands out by being a well known internationally climbing spot with over 1500 routes. This PA that occupies 9.242 hectares, received nearly 166.000 visits in 2020, of which almost 55% concentrated in Margalef area (Farias, Morera & Dorado, 2019). To manage visitation and nature conservation, several carrying capacity frameworks have been developed over the last decades considering all its environmental, social, and economic factors but only a few attempts have been made to operationalize this concept and to transform it into a management tool (Manning 2002). This paper aims to present an adaptation of Cifuentess Touristic Carrying Capacity (Cifuentes,1992), widely applied in the context of trails, to the climbing routes.  
  Call Number Serial 4288  
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Author (up) Farias-Torbidoni, E.I.; Morera, S pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Optimizing the use of the Eco-counters tool. A case of study Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 429-432  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract Reliable data on visitor numbers, and particularly how they are distributed in time and space across these areas are key aspects to balancing conservational and recreational use (sporting and tourist use) of protected areas (Cessford & Muhar, 2003). In this sense, the increasingly popular eco-counters are a good management tool. However, the evidence has shown that the correct analysis of the output data is more difficult than is commonly expected. The purpose of this presentation is to address the problems arising from the use of these eco-counters and to discuss a possible methodology to optimize the use of this tool.  
  Call Number Serial 4185  
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Author (up) Farias-Torbidoni, E.I.; Morera, S.; Baric, D. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Monitoring recreational use in protected natural areas. Alt Pirineu Natural Park 2011-2017. Spain Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 53-55  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract During 2011, a technical study was carried out in the Alt Pirineu Natural Park to assess the number, distribution and characterization of visitors (Farías, 2011). Six years later, in 2017, a detailed study was carried out with the following aims: to review the data collected in 2011; 2) to assess the changes related with the use made by the visitors of this area; and 3) to advance in the knowledge of other aspects related to visits to the Park  
  Call Number Serial 4054  
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Author (up) Farias-Torbidoni, E.I.; Morera, S.; Martinez, V.D.; Cahill, S.; Casas, J.O.S.; Navarro, M.N.; Gaston, I.R.; Moya, M.D., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Changing visitor influx during the covid-19 pandemic. The case of Serra de Collserola Natural Park, Barcelona. Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 106-107  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Proper and effective management of public use in protected natural areas (PNA) is closely linked to having an updated diagnosis of their state. The duty to conserve, implicit in these kinds of areas, requires having sufficient information to justify decision-making. According to Leung et al. (2015), Cessford & Muhar (2003), between a long list of authors, three basic kinds of data need to be considered: 1) the influx of visitors, understood as the total number of users who visit the PNA annually; 2) the recreational, sports and tourist use of the area, which summarizes the number and distribution of user-visits, including the characterization of the different activities carried out during visits; and 3) the profile of the user-visitors. In the case of peri-urban PNAs, such as the Serra de Collserola Natural Park (SCNP), which is also a Natura 2000 Special Area for Conservation (SAC), this kind of information is even more necessary and relevant due to the intense pressure these sites tend to experience, not only in terms of visitor influx but also in terms of the diversity of uses that occur there and also considering their importance from a nature conservation perspective.  
  Call Number Serial 4247  
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Author (up) Farkić, J.; Romanov, R.; Nešić, M. pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Mountaineering marathon on Fruška Gora – the promotion of active lifestyle Type
  Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages 88-89  
  Keywords MMV7  
  Abstract  
  Call Number Serial 3038  
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Author (up) Farstad, E.; Haukeland, J. V., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The sharing economy in the context of outdoor recreation and nature-based tourism in Innlandet County, Norway Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 404-405  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract The sharing economy (SE) refers to an economic model defined as a peer-to-peer based activity of acquiring, providing, or sharing access to goods and services that is often facilitated by a commu-nity-based on-line platform (Ranjbari et al., 2018). SE is growing rapidly, and it is assumed that both new business models and new products based on digital sharing platforms can provide more efficient resource use through increased competition and innovation (NOU 2017:4). Thus, the paper addresses the future role and poten-tials of SE in the context of outdoor recreation and nature-based regional tourism in Innlandet County, Norway. SE research has so far been mainly concentrated within urban contexts, whereas there is a shortage of apposite studies connected to sparsely populated regions in gen-eral and to outdoor recreation/ nature-based tourism in particular. Opportunities of the SE in rural areas lie in e.g., provision of shared mobili-ty, accommodations, food, specialized tools and equipment, and personal services such as guiding, courses, and other skilled human resources; needed for recreational stays and activities in nature areas; and availing prosumtion of nature-based assets. SE can be particularly viable in na-ture areas where such resources may be scarce, or where traditional commercial establishment may not be sustainable.  
  Call Number Serial 4378  
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Author (up) Fausitni Aquino, J.; Leah Burns, G.; Granquist, S.M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Seal watching in Iceland: Ethical Management Development Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 165-167  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract The purpose of this conceptual paper is to address the need to manage human-wildlife interactions in tourism settings to ensure positive outcomes for all stakeholders: wildlife, local communities, and visitors. Seal watching in Iceland is used as a case study to develop a model for investigating theoretical and practical understandings of wildlife watching management, environmental ethics, and community development.  
  Call Number Serial 4092  
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Author (up) Fennell, D.; Moorhouse, T., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Towards a model for the assessment of conservation, welfare, and governance in wildlife tourism attractions Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 130-130  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract In the absence of appropriate standards to regulate wildlife tourism attractions (WTAs), the treatment of animals is morally justifiable on the basis of what tourists find acceptable. Under this model, there is little motivation for operators to improve standards if tourists do not leave reputationally damaging feedback. Given this current state, the objectives of this paper are twofold. First, we wish to highlight and categorise existing systemic barriers that prevent the operation of a green market for WTAs. Second, we combine knowledge of these barriers with a recently published theoretical framework on animal justice to derive an initial, robust set of practical criteria with which non-expert tourists can externally assess – and accurately represent to other tourists – ethical standards at WTAs. These criteria allow tourists to better understand the scope and consequences of the proper and improper use of animals in tourism, which, in turn, will hopefully induce positive change along governance, conservation and animal welfare lines.  
  Call Number Serial 4258  
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Author (up) Fernandez-Lozala,S.; Haider, W.; Pröbstl-Haider,U. pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Mainstreaming ecosystem services into decisions – a choice experiment on the future use of Parque Nacional Cumbres de Monterrey/Mexico Type
  Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages 213-214  
  Keywords MMV7  
  Abstract  
  Call Number Serial 3039  
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Author (up) Figueiredo, E., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Quiet struggles – conflicts between residents, visitors and protected and recreational areas’ administrations Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 26-32  
  Keywords MMV4, remote rural areas, rural protected and recreational areas, social conflicts, social perceptions  
  Abstract The paper aims to discuss the conflicting situations which can occur between residents, visitors and political and administrative entities in protected and recreational areas, particularly in the ones located in remote rural spaces. Rural areas (both legally protected and without protection status) are increasingly valued in contemporary societies as environmental reserves. Consequently rural areas are progressively perceived as amenities and as objects of consumption mainly by urban or non local populations. The visitors’ demands and consumptions of rural protected and recreational areas tend to prevail over the local populations’ needs and aspirations in terms of socioeconomic development. The non coincidence between the desired and the lived rural environment tends to create a number of conflicts among the various stakeholders. These areas tend to become the scenario for both latent and manifest struggles, considering the contradictory perceptions, needs, interests and desires held by the different social actors. Based on empirical evidence from some Portuguese rural protected and recreational areas we will debate not only the existence of two clearly contrasting visions, but also the consequences these can have in terms of future social and economic development and environmental protection strategies.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 890 Serial 2567  
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Author (up) Findlay, C.; Southwell, K.; Ward Thompson, C.; Salheen, M.; Aspinall, P., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The Effectiveness of Wayfinding Systems with Forest Users Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 328-334  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract Forest wayfinding systems include the sources of information, content and presentation, that potential visitors use to find forest sites and maximise their experience of forest recreation. This paper presents original research from an on-going user-led study of signage at forest recreational sites across the UK, and is part-funded by the Forestry Commission. Research methods used in the study included structured interviews with forest users, a signage audit, observation-based behavioural studies and exploratory work with space syntax. The starting point for the study was an apparent low rating of satisfaction with road signs by visitors to Forestry Commission sites in annual visitor surveys. Signs are “…the most visible manifestation of corporate face” and function to “…provide reliable and accessible information to encourage and welcome visitors” (Forest Enterprise Signs Manual, 1997). Good signs also form part of a positive perception of woodlands (Burgess, 1995) and may be considered within the context of removing barriers to the use of the countryside by disabled people and socially excluded groups. The research found evidence that there were some problems with forest wayfinding, but that these problems are related more to the context, content and location of signs, rather than the materials and details of sign design. More consideration needs to be given to identifying the minimum but key information needs of users at key locations within the forest site. Signs are costly to design, construct, install and maintain, and a crucial concern must be to provide the minimum information for maximum benefit, based on what the user needs to know at each stage of the journey and forest experience. The study also highlighted the role of signage in site promotion, visitor expectations, conflicts between different user groups and accessibility of information. A model for signage to satisfy visitor information needs was developed. The results presented here cover phase 1 of the project and it is anticipated that the methodology developed during the research will have practical applications in evaluating and developing new signage systems, and the training of forest and other recreational site managers.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 512 Serial 2319  
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Author (up) Finger-Stich, A.S.; Tanner, A.C., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Tourism Development and Local Actors’ Engagement for Sustaining Alpine Forests Type
  Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 264-265  
  Keywords MMV3, Participatory natural resources management, community forestry, sustainable tourism and rural development  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 704 Serial 2475  
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Author (up) Firth, R.; Green, P. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Reconciling Traditional and Recreational Activities in the 100 Wild Islands Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 309-311  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract In 2017, a multi stakeholder initiative was launched called the Wild Islands Tourism Advancement Partnership (WITAP). WITAP is a community-based project with the goal to capitalize on the eastern shore archipelago as a tourism destination. As part of the WITAP project, the Nature Trust and the provincial Department of Environment, are developing a management strategy that will provide complementary management direction on both Nature Trust and Crown land. The Nature Trust has focused community engagement for several years on gathering information on ecological and social variables, and to discuss and receive feedback on plans to acquire privately owned properties for conservation. More recently, communities have engaged with the Nature Trust to discuss possible management approaches to the 100 Wild Islands.  
  Call Number Serial 4146  
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Author (up) Flemsæter, F., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title The moral landscapes of Dovrefjell – Exploring relationships between morality and landscape in the struggles over a highly valuated mountain area in Norway Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages 216-217  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 469 Serial 2913  
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Author (up) Floyd, M.F.; Hipp, J.A.; Marquet, O.; Alberico, C.; Mazak, E.; Huang, J. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title An Assessment of interrater reliability from the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) in urban parks in New York City Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 62-66  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract There is a lack of understanding of how SOPARC reliability might be affected by the factors such as time of day, presence of organized activities or type of target areas, could affect reliability and agreement between observers. This variance might be exacerbated when trying to record combined user attributes such as age and gender or age and physical activity, measurements that have traditionally drawn lower reliability scores. To address this gap, we examine the extent interrater reliability varies across various types of target areas and contextual conditions using 3390 paired SOPARC observations in New York City parks  
  Call Number Serial 4057  
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Author (up) Folmer, A. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Wildlife and flora and the valuation of green places: a comparison between local and national green places in the Netherlands Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 104-107  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract In my study, wildlife and flora were defined as all species that can be encountered in the Netherlands. From another version of the Hotspotmonitor (version 1.9, in Folmer, Haartsen, Daams and Huigen, in press), it was found that locally, relatively common animal species are found attractive (e.g. Highland cattle, deer, waders, hedgehogs, ducks, frogs, dragonflies, rabbits, fish), whereas nationally, charismatic, and large wildlife are mentioned most often (e.g. wild boars, foxes, seals, and badgers). With regard to flora in local and national green places, the differences are less profound, locally, trees are mentioned most frequently, whereas nationally, heather is on first position. For both green places at local and national level, plants, flora, flowers, and more specifically orchids, are also mentioned as reason for attractiveness (Folmer et al.,in press).  
  Call Number Serial 3892  
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Author (up) Folmer, A., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Visitor’s experiences with wildlife in protected nature areas Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages 217-218  
  Keywords MMV5, sense of place, wildlife, visitors, experiences, protected areas  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 250 Serial 2775  
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Author (up) Folmer, A.; Schuurmans, S.; Wielenga, B., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Critical indicators for measuring the support for bird protection among visitors in the Dutch Wadden Sea area Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 210-211  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract “Onbekend maakt onbemind” [Unfamiliar makes unloved], is a typical Dutch saying that refers to unfamiliarity with a place, with food or some-thing else, leading to a lack of emotional connec-tion, support and/or care. With this in mind, nine nature organisations in the Netherlands want to increase awareness on the special nature values of World Heritage Site the Wadden Sea area among a broad public, with the overall aim to enlarge support for nature and bird protection. Their campaign is part of a larger multi-faceted project called “Wij & Wadvogels” [“We and Wadden birds”], which is running from 2019 to 2026. The project is unique as it does not only focus on physical measurements to improve the natural habitat of birds (restoration and expan-sion of resting, foraging and breeding places for birds); it also includes the social valuation of na-ture, with the focus on birds. The project aims to offer new sustainable forms of bird recreation which should result in increasing support for na-ture and birds (Vogelbescherming, 2018). This aim underlines the importance of gaining more insight into which aspects contribute to a higher support for nature and bird protection most. In this paper, we investigate indicators which predict support for bird protection among visitors to the Wadden Sea area. These indicators will be part of a monitoring system which moni-tors the effectiveness of activities of the project from 2021 to 2026. Due to the corona crisis, the actual monitoring could not start yet, as the type of visitors was expected to differ significantly from a normal year. Especially the relatively high number of first time visitors was notable. On the other hand, this gave us more opportunities to investigate differences between visitors.  
  Call Number Serial 4295  
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Author (up) Forbord, M.; Lindberg, K.; Siverstvik, R.M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Nature based firms and community resilience Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 187-189  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract In rural communities, nature-based tourism (NBT) potentially contributes to resilience. The purpose of this paper is to discuss three aspects of resilience (ecological, economic, and social) with reference to NBT and illustrate this through findings from a study of NBT firms in Norway. The study is part of a cross-disciplinary research project on NBT (BIOTOUR) taking place 2016 to 2020.  
  Call Number Serial 4100  
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Author (up) Forer, P., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Serial Experiences : Monitoring, Modelling and Visualising the Free Independent Traveller in New Zealand at Multiple Scales with GIS Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 173-179  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract This paper outlines a number of approaches and methodologies, based on utilising itinerary analysis and Geographic Information Systems, which have sought to explore tourism flows and their impacts at a range of temporal and spatial resolutions. As such its basic records are the sequential movement patterns of individual tourists, either from night to night or from stop to stop. It draws from a data base of some 50,000 journeys nationally, and three major regional surveys in Northland, the West Coast and Rotorua conducted between 1997 and 2001. The paper initially deals with analysis and integration issues relating to existing national data sets on international and domestic visitors and their overnight stays. It then describes and critiques the development of map-based sample surveys applied to detailed information on intra-regional flows, with reference to work in both Tai Tokerau (Northland) and the South Island's West Coast. These surveys record the 'informal' stopping behaviour of visitors in greater detail, and allow initial analysis of movement and positioning of tourists at various times of the day. Insights gained from these data are explored, and their relationship to other data sets such as attraction visitation and accommodation usage surveys are reviewed. Finally, the significance of the data for tourism (in areas such as development strategies and impact assessment) and for wider geo-demographic applications are discussed, as are new data collection opportunities for recording itineraries and flows.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 464 Serial 2295  
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Author (up) Fox, D., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Urban-proximate nature as a resource for events and festivals: a SWOT analysis Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages 248-249  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 484 Serial 2928  
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Author (up) Fox, D., Xu, F., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Evolutionary and cultural influences on interactions with nature: a comparison of British and Chinese visitors to the New Forest National Park and Jiuzhaigou National Scenic Area Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages 328-329  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 520 Serial 2964  
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Author (up) Franco Roque, B.; Nogueira Mendes, R.; Magalhaes, M.F.; Pereira da Silva, C., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Monitoring Walkers and Hikers of Madeira Island through web-share services Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 75-77  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract The aim of this study is to explore whether web shared data can be used with the purpose of identifying users’ country of residence and compare it with the official touristic data regarding incoming markets of Madeira  
  Call Number Serial 4061  
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Author (up) Fredman, P. pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Toward indicators of nature-based recreation in Sweden Type
  Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages 142-143  
  Keywords MMV7  
  Abstract  
  Call Number Serial 3040  
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Author (up) Fredman, P., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Modelling Visitor Expenditures at Fulufjället National Park, Sweden Type
  Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 391-392  
  Keywords MMV3, Expenditures, economic impact, national park, protected areas, visitor studies  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 792 Serial 2519  
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Author (up) Fredman, P., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title National Park Designation – Visitor Flows and Tourism Impact Type
  Year 2004 Publication Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 2 - Proceedings Issue Pages 369-375  
  Keywords MMV2  
  Abstract National parks around the world are increasingly attracting visitors to experience pristine and unique natural environments. While increases in national park tourism provides business opportunities both in the parks and in adjacent communities, there are several economic, social and ecological aspects that need to be monitored in order to sustain high quality visitor experiences. Increases in visitation may cause negative impacts on the environment, conflicts between different user groups or within groups. At the same time, data on visitor numbers, distribution and attitudes is needed in order to design efficient management strategies and provide appropriate recreation opportunities. This paper reports preliminary findings from two different surveys of visitors to Fulufjället National Park in Sweden – one year before and one year after national park designation respectively. Both surveys used on site counters and self registration boxes to collect visitor data. Follow-up mail questionnaires were sent to a sample of Swedish and German visitors. The survey of 2001 (one year before national park designation) collected data on visitor numbers, nationalities, demographics, trip characteristics, crowding, willingness to pay, attitudes towards management actions and tourism development etc. The purpose of the 2003 survey (one year after national park designation) was to monitor possible short term changes in some of these parameters as a consequence of the national park designation in 2002. In addition, the 2003 survey was designed to estimate the regional economic impact of the park. Data from the two surveys are compared and the results are discussed from both a methodological and an impact perspective.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 288 Serial 2352  
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Author (up) Fredman, P., Lindhagen, A., Nordström, G., pdf  url
doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Monitoring outdoor recreation trends in Sweden Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages 82-83  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 408 Serial 2852  
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Author (up) Fredman, P., Sandell, K. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Predicting Outdoor Recreation – Experts vs. the Public Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 170-172  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Future participation in outdoor recreation is of interest to authorities as well as tourism and outdoor recreation organizations, but at the same time difficult to give an accurate answer for. It is not possible to study the future as such, since there is no empirical data to be analyzed which measures the time ahead of us. But the future is nevertheless a very important field of research because predicting the future is inherent important to make the right management decisions, improve adaptation, inform policy makers and ultimately support a more sustainable development. Alm et al. (2012:7) argue that “...we can use our knowledge about history and about the current situation for a discussion that also involves our values. The basic idea is that we can better shape our future in the way we want if we do this on an educated basis”. Elements in building this educated basis with regard to social science is for example information about changes over time for activities and attitudes, as well as presumptions concerning the future expressed by different groups. Hence, among the techniques that can be used to get a better basis for speculations about the future are predictions by experts and surveys among potential participants.  
  Call Number Serial 3912  
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Author (up) Fredman, P., Wikstrom, D., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Monitoring National Park Visitors – Short and Long Term Changes Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 20-22  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Tourism and recreation in protected areas receive an increased recognition among both managers and researchers worldwide. A recent study of protected area visitation globally shows that eight billion visits per year generate approximately US $600 billion per year in direct expenditure (Balmford et al., 2015). In order to ensure high quality experiences and long-term sustainable tourism operations, protected area managers have to pay attention to the different types of visitors, their attitudes and behaviors (Eagles, 2014). This can be achieved through different visitor monitoring schemes designed and applied in accordance with site characteristics and visitation patterns (Kajala, 2007). The current study compare results from visitor studies at Fulufjallet National Park (FNP) in 2001 (the year before the part was established), 2003 (the year after the park was established), and 2014 (12 years after the park was established). In doing so, short and long term national park designation effects can be analyzed. The establishment of FNP marks an important trend in Swedish environmental policy as it is the first national park where planning and implementation explicitly builds on visitor data in order to promote recreation and tourism opportunities.  
  Call Number Serial 3863  
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Author (up) Fredman, P.; Boman, M.; Lundmark, L.; Mattsson, L.; Svensson, B., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title The economics of outdoor recreation participation among the Swedish population Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages 245-246  
  Keywords MMV5, expenditures, economic impact, recreation, Sweden  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 176 Serial 2788  
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Author (up) Fredman, P.; Ernerfeldt Burman, L., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Outdoor recreation in change. A Swedish program on outdoor recreation research Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 483-483  
  Keywords MMV4, Outdoor, recreation, change, sweden  
  Abstract Outdoor Recreation in Change is an interdisciplinary research program which will analyze current dynamics of outdoor recreation and nature based tourism in Sweden, forming a thorough knowledge base for future research and monitoring. The program is organized into six projects to emphasize the diversity of outdoor recreation research. (1) The research is integrated through a common empirical arena that includes case studies of recreation landscapes and a national survey to provide information on outdoor recreation activities, participation and constraints. This will give a comprehensive input to five deepening projects: (2) Outdoor recreation patterns (motives, access, urban-rural tensions, gender, immigrants, youth, non-users and trends); (3) Urban proximate nature (outdoor recreational opportunities, economics and health); (4) Outdoor recreation in spatial planning (land use, conflict resolution, impact assessment and local management); (5) Outdoor recreation and nature conservation (integrated land management, environmental education and guiding); and (6) Nature-based tourism for regional development (demand, supply, impacts, protected areas and governance). Communication at three levels (information, dialogue and collaboration) will establish strong linkages and ensure that results are disseminated to a broad group of external stakeholders and practitioners. The program, which is financed by the Environmental Protection Agency, is planned for six years and involves 18 researchers at seven universities in Sweden. This presentation will give an overview of the program, current program activities, and highlights of recent results.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1092 Serial 2667  
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Author (up) Fredman, P.; Haukeland, J. V.; Dybedal, P.; Stokke, K. B.; Forbord, M., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title From place-based resources to value-added experiences: Future perspectives on Nature-based tourism Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 348-349  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Nature based tourism is framed and flavored not only by the socio economic conditions of the region where it occurs, but just as much by natural resources and opportunities to make use of them in a tourism context. This session summarizes five years of research on nature based tourism in the BIOTOUR project and discuss future prospect of this sector in the light of a greener economy, more robust communities and sustainable practices. It will also present key content from the recently published book “Nordic Perspectives on Nature-based Tourism. From place-based resources to value-added experiences”, edited by professors Peter Fredman and Jan Vidar Haukeland.  
  Call Number Serial 4354  
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Author (up) Fredman, P.; Vidar, J.; Tyrvainen, L.; Siegrest, D.; Lindberg, K. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Prominent trends in nature-based tourism – An international comparison Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 181-183  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract Nature-based tourism (NBT) is an increasingly important sector of the economy for many countries rich in outdoor recreation opportunities, especially so in rural regions where expectations for economic growth are high (Hall & Boyd, 2005; Fredman & Tyrväinen, 2010). NBT is also subject to significant changes due to social, technological, economic, environmental and political factors, referred to as mega-trends (Dwyer et al., 2008), where a trend implies a general direction in which something is developing, changing or people are behaving. This paper aims to identify the most prominent trends in NBT within and across five countries / regions with respect to their commercial potential.  
  Call Number Serial 4098  
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Author (up) Fredman, P.; Wolf-Watz, D., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Impact from Covid-19 on outdoor recreation in Sweden Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 84-85  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract The Covid-19 outbreak has brought about radical changes for societies, individuals as well as the environment. Concerns about the infection and strategies to deal with it, including restrictions on travel and social interaction, have dramatically altered many peoples lives. This includes also recreation in the outdoors as well as environmental impacts, following from crowding, pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Considering the unique situation following the Covid-19 outbreak, it is of interest to study how outdoor recreation has changed and reflect upon possible environmental effects these changes may bring. We do this by asking the following questions; 1. Has participation in outdoor sports changed during the pandemic and why? 2. How has participation changed with respect to; transport and mobility, use of land and water, use of material and equipment, involvement in events, social values, motivation and meaning? 3. What are the potential environmental consequences, and opportunities, following the pan- demic? The study focuses on outdoor recreation participation in Sweden during the first months of the pandemic.  
  Call Number Serial 4236  
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Author (up) Fredman,P.; Sandell,K. pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Recreation trends and sustainable development in the context of the environmental objective “A magnificent mountain landscape” Type
  Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages 206-207  
  Keywords MMV7  
  Abstract  
  Call Number Serial 3041  
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