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	Author	Hennig, S.,
	Title	The recreation perspective. A recreationalists typology on visitors and their behaviour by the example of Berchtesgaden National Park			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	183-187
	Keywords	MMV4, visitor characteristics, recreational behaviour, typologies, management, statistical analysis
	Abstract	To perform its tasks management needs information on visitors. They provide insight into the recreational situation of protected areas and support management decisions. Therefor, data on visitor use and visitation behaviour have to be analyzed and mapped. However, information on visitors should not be reduced on singular variables. It is important to combine these different characteristics and build up types of visitors respectively visitor behaviour. In favour of this the approach of recreation perspective is elaborated. The concept takes account of existing typologies on (nature-based) tourism and their attributes (e.g. size, age). Furthermore, visitor behaviour is integrated. Distinguished in macro and micro behaviour it is expressed by choice of activity, destination, type, location and duration of extended stops etc.. Considering these aspects visitors can be categorized into several types. The recreation perspective is worked out and applied to the German Berchtesgaden National Park.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 968			Serial	2605
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	Author	Henkens, R.J.H.G.; Jochem, R.; Pouwels, R.; Visschedijk, P.A.M.,
	Title	Development of a Zoning Instrument for Visitor Management in Protected Areas			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	243-245
	Keywords	MMV3, Recreation, visitor, breeding birds, protected area, Natura 2000, disturbance, impact, zoning, nature management, PROGRESS
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 696			Serial	2471
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	Author	Henkens, R.; Jochem, R.; Pouwels, R.; Van Marwijk, R.,
	Title	Development of userfriendly decision support tool to support visitor impact management in protected areas			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	119-120
	Keywords	MMV5, Decision Support Tool, Natura2000, recreation model MASOOR, user interface, disturbance, visitor management
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 228			Serial	2731
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	Author	Helgadottir, G.; Sigurdardottir, I.
	Title	Riding Horses in protected areas – heritage and/or harm ?			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	92-94
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	Is a trail a scar on the face of earth? This paper explores these and other positions through the case of horse riding in Icelandic national parks. The attitude and experiences of managers, horse owners, conservationists, other residents as well as domestic and international riders towards horse-tourism, natural and cultural heritage conservation and the different kinds of riding trails were investigated
	Call Number				Serial	4067
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	Author	Heikinheimo, V.; Toivonen, T.,
	Title	Critical comparison of social media and other user-generated geographic information as a source of visitor information – lessons learned in the SoMeCon-project			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	294-295
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Up-to-date information about outdoor recreation experiences is important for the planning and management of national parks and other outdoor destinations. User-generated data such as geotagged social media posts and GPS-tracks shared via sports applications have emerged as potential new data sources to complement on-site counters and surveys. There are considerable amounts of geographic information available from digital platforms and mobile devices representing the movements, activities and preferences of visitors, and these data have been increasingly used for studying visits to national parks and green spaces..This presentation draws together our findings from the Social Media Data for Conservation Science -project SoMeCon (2016-2021). Our main objectives were to 1) gain methodological understanding about social media and other user-generated data sets as a source of geographic information, and 2) to provide new information about the spatial and temporal patterns of human activities in national parks and green spaces. We compared social media data to official visitor statistics from Finnish and South African national parks, and social media to other sources of user-generated geographic information (sports app data, mobile network data, PPGIS data) from urban green spaces in Helsinki, Finland.
	Call Number				Serial	4331
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	Author	Hegetschweiler, T.K.; Rusterholz, H.-P.; Baur, B.,
	Title	Using Visitor Monitoring to Reduce Ecological Impacts Due to Picnicking and Grilling in Urban Forests in the Vicinity of Basle, Switzerland			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	58-59
	Keywords	MMV3, Picnicking / grilling in forests, ecological impacts, visitor preferences, recreational planning
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 594			Serial	2421
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	Author	Hegetschweiler, T., Plum, C., Brandli, U.-B., Fischer, C., Ginzler, C., Hunziker, M.
	Title	Physical and social aspects of forest recreation – approaches to a comprehensive monitoring			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	124-125
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Forest monitoring normally either focuses on physical aspects such as tree species, stand structure, vegetation cover, etc. or on social aspects, namely forest recreation and the relationship of people with the forest. However, especially regarding forest recreation, both the physical characteristics of the forest in which recreation takes place as well as the social aspects such as visitor preferences and behaviour play an important role. A clearer understanding of the interactions of society and forest and in particular better knowledge of the interrelation of physical forest characteristics and forest recreation would allow better managing of the forest with regard to societal needs. Physical forest characteristics are often assessed by forest inventories, for which data is normally collected from sample plots on a systematic grid across the country (Tomppo et al., 2010). In order to assess the social dimension of forest recreation, nationwide surveys are conducted in several countries on a regular basis to provide valuable information about the relationship of the population with the forest, usage patterns, motivations for forest recreation, etc. (Sievanen et al., 2008). However, there is no spatially explicit link to the physical forest, or forest characteristics are dealt with in a minor way, e.g. by using photographs without underlying physical forest data. The question arises whether National Forest Inventories (NFIs) and socio-cultural forest monitoring (usually nationwide questionnaire surveys) could be combined to explain and possibly even predict forest recreation patterns from forest-related and visitor-related data.
	Call Number				Serial	3898
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	Author	Heberlein, T.
	Title	Attitudes, norms and the art of visitor management			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	24-25
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 382			Serial	2826
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	Author	Healy, N.,
	Title	Mediating the tourist experience and appropriate levels of interpretation– Exploring reaction to the transformation of Irish nature-based tourism			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	76-77
	Keywords	MMV5, commodification, regulation, transforming destinations, visitor experience
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 46			Serial	2712
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	Author	Healy, N.,
	Title	Protected area governance conflicts in Ireland – mending poor relations and new modes of governance			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	172-173
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 450			Serial	2894
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	Author	Hay, G.,
	Title	Reconciling outdoor sport, biodiversity and wood production in a peri-urban forest – using the example of Fontainebleau Forest			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	20-22
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	Fontainebleau Forest is a French peri-urban forest historically regarded as a local outdoor facility for an increasing number of outdoor sports users. Considering most of these outdoor sports have direct and indirect impacts on the area, where a series of complex rules apply, the ONF has endeavoured to create new policy instruments to target more and more autonomous users. In a context where public funding is constrained, it is also time to ask whether the outdoor sports industry needs to take these questions more seriously
	Call Number				Serial	4044
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	Author	Hausser, Y.; Travis, T.; Finger-Stich, A.,
	Title	Beyond Carrying Capacity in Recreation Management: In Search of Alternatives			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	191-192
	Keywords	MMV3, Camping capacity, concept, management tools, ecology
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 663			Serial	2455
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	Author	Haukeland, J.V.; Stokke, K.B.
	Title	The participation of tourism and outdoor recreation interests in coastal national park management in Norway – a lack of integration			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	211-213
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	The paper addresses the participation of outdoor recreation and tourism stakeholders in the management of two Norwegian coastal national parks. By means of individual interviews, we aim to reveal stakeholders’ roles and functions in the management systems of Ytre Hvaler and Færder national parks.
	Call Number				Serial	4109
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	Author	Haukeland, J.V.; Lindberg, K.; Vistad, O.I.; Daugstad, K.; Fossgard, K.
	Title	Norwegian nature mangers’ attitudes towards nature-based tourism in national parks – a survey analysis			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	35-36
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3051
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	Author	Haukeland, J.V., Dybedal, P.,
	Title	Visitor Monitoring in a World Heritage Area – The West Norwegian Fjordsnærøyfjorden and Geirangerfjorden			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	33-35
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	The two West Norwegian Fjords,Nærøyfjordenand Geirangerfjorden, were registered on the World Heritage List in 2005. TheWorld Heritage Areascomprise narrow, deep and long fjords with steep sided rock walls that are consideredarchetypical parts of the world’s fjord landscapes. Numerous waterfalls and free-flowing rivers run across forests on their way to the sea. Thefjordsrepresentunique geological values and offer anoutstanding natural beauty. Nærøyfjorden and Geirangerfjorden also include small communities as well as reminisces of shut down tiny dairy farms supplementing cultural and aesthetical values to the natural fjord landscape. Moreover, the world heritage areas also include protected landscapes and natural reserves according to the Norwegian Nature Diversity Act.
	Call Number				Serial	3870
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	Author	Haukeland, J.V.,
	Title	Management of national parks and tourism development – two cases from Norway			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	175-176
	Keywords	MMV5, National Park, management, local stakeholder, tourism development
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 24			Serial	2755
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	Author	Haslestad, K.,
	Title	‘Friluftsliv’ and teaching methods – classroom management and relational thinking			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	180-181
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 454			Serial	2898
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	Author	Hartje, V.,
	Title	Funding outdoor recreational opportunities in Germany- conceptual foundations and state of literature and data			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	154-155
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	A lot of the economic research on the management of visitors in recreational and protected areas focuses on the demand side (what makes visitors tick). It asks how management could relate/ react to the needs, interests, behavior of visitors to make the recreational experience worthwhile for these visitors. This is to a large extent due to the methodological advances in valuing recreational decisions. Comparatively, the amount of research on the supply side of recreational opportunities has been rather small. The standard economic analysis of supply of other (e. g. consumer) goods (in economic terms private goods) focuses on the need to make the necessary resources available for the production of these goods, looks at the cost implications and sees how prices develop to cover these costs and how they fund the supply of these goods. This analysis has been applied to recreation as a recreational production process by Loomis & Walsh in their textbook in 1997. Within this approach, a public supply of recreational opportunities is combined with a household production involving time, money skill equipment to generate visitor use of the area (p.14). I would like to propose a differentiation of their model, by pointing out that outdoor recreational opportunities are not managed jointly as a public supply (as in the National Parks in the USA), but that the major inputs to recreational opportunities (land, landscape qualities, water bodies, access, ancillary infrastructure, information about the opportunities and users knowledge for use) are often provided separately, by different providers and funded by varying sources. This is the case in Germany and it can be observed in other countries as well.
	Call Number				Serial	4269
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	Author	Haraldseid, T.,
	Title	Community entrepreneurship and collective orientation at the intersection of place-making and nature-based tourism			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	33-35
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	This paper addresses the need for integrated perspectives on nature-based tourism and place-making through the lens of community entrepreneurship. The study is part of the research project BIOTOUR (from place-based natural resources to value added experiences, tourism in the new bio economy), funded by the Norwegian Research Council. The case area is the arctic town of Vardø in the Varanger region in Norway
	Call Number				Serial	4048
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	Author	Hansen, S.A.; Arce, J.F.; Lindberg, I.,
	Title	Outdoor recreation during the corona pandemic – experiences and trends from western Sweden			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	88-89
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	The presentation reports on a study and published paper from western Sweden with a focus on the development of outdoor recreation in the region during the Covid-19 pandemic. When the pandemic swept across Sweden and Europe in March 2020, it resulted in major changes in and consequences for outdoor recreation activities across the country. Quite abruptly, conditions for a normal life in Sweden changed in order to reduce the spread of the virus. People were recommended to not travel outside their own region or municipality, and public transportation became problematic to use. Citizens were advised to work from home and not socialize with others beyond their own social circle. In other words, the whole foundation of an active outdoor lifestyle changed. This had consequences for all citizens and, not least, outdoor organizations, many of which had to postpone or completely cancel activities. As a result, the basic conditions for outdoor recreation changed fundamentally.
	Call Number				Serial	4238
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	Author	Hansen, A.S.; Glette, V.; Arce, J.F.,
	Title	Mapping recreational activities in coastal and marine areas – PPGIS findings from western Sweden			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	172-173
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	The presentation reports on a study and published paper with a focus on mapping coastal-marine recreation in the Gothenburg region on the west coast of Sweden. In Sweden, outdoor recreation is considered an important land and water use activity, and is associated with key societal aspects, such as increased environmental awareness, public health and local development. For this reason, outdoor recreation has become an important planning topic in the Gothenburg region, which offers many recreational opportunities in the coastal zone (Hansen, 2016).
	Call Number				Serial	4277
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	Author	Hansen, A.S.
	Title	Monitoring recreational qualities and impacts in coastal and marine areas			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	96-97
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3050
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	Author	Hammer, T.,
	Title	Protected areas as opportunities for recreation and tourism planning – The challenge to create synergies between nature protection and tourism development as a basis for regional development. Experiences from Switzerland			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	181-182
	Keywords	MMV5, protected areas and regional development, nature protection and tourism policies, Switzerland
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 152			Serial	2758
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	Author	Ham, S., Sandberg, E.,
	Title	Interpretation as strategic communication in protected area management			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	134-135
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 433			Serial	2877
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	Author	Halpenny,E.; Priebe,R.
	Title	An app in the park: a phenomenological study of park visitors’ use of mobile digital applications in a Canadian park			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	276-277
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3049
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	Author	Halpenny, E.
	Title	World Heritage brand awareness and impact: a study of Canadian and US park visitors’ knowledge of and behaviour toward the World Heritage brand			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	104-105
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3048
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	Author	Haider, W.; Riley, J.; Mostegl, N.,
	Title	The Sea-to-Sky playground: individual outdoor recreation and commercial recreation on public land in winter			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	277-277
	Keywords	MMV4, Outdoor recreation, winter recreation, landuse
	Abstract	The so-called “Sea-to-Sky Corridor” in British Columbia, Canada, spreads from Vancouver via Squamish beyond Whistler. Its superb scenery nestled between ocean and glaciers attracts residents of Vancouver and international visitors alike. Most of the area is public land, and a major regional landuse plan is just about to be completed. While forestry has been the main traditional use, now summer and winter recreation feature very prominently in these plans. The plans separate much of the motorized and non-motorized activities, but other potential conflicts such as between commercial recreation and independent outdoor recreationists have been addressed to a lesser extent. In order to obtain some insights into the number of visitors and describe some of their characteristics, we undertook an intensive user count at the main staging areas, combined with a short intercept survey about the types of activities pursued, distances travelled, specific locations and expenditures. In the presentation I will elaborate on the method used for estimating site specific and regional user numbers, associated expenditures, and perceived and actual conflict. The presentation will compare motorized and nonmotorized users, as well as clients of commercial operations and independent travelers, and link these findings to the already existing zoning for the region. The presentation will conclude with identifying remaining shortcomings of information for future landuse decisions in light of expected future use increases, as both the demand from the metropolitan Vancouver as well as from the resort community of Whistler will continue to grow
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1012			Serial	2627
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	Author	Haider, W.; Beardmore, B.; Hunt, L.,
	Title	The view from a canoe: the complexity of route choice behaviour captured in a stated choice survey			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	109-111
	Keywords	MMV5, canoeing, stated choice survey, scenic beauty estimation, campsite choice
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 40			Serial	2727
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	Author	Haider, W.; Anderson, C.; Beardmore, B.; Anderson, D.A.,
	Title	Recreational Trail Use of Residents in Jasper National Park, Canada			Type
	Year	2004	Publication	Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 2 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	85-92
	Keywords	MMV2
	Abstract	This paper reports the results of a survey of recreation activities by the residents of the town of Jasper in Jasper National Park on the eastern slope of the Rockies in Canada. During the summer, residents enjoy hiking, jogging, mountain biking and horseback riding. In order to better understand the importance of trail attributes, the attitude towards encounter levels, and the possible acceptance of trail management options, a discrete choice experiment was administered in a mail survey. We identified three distinct user groups based on activity patterns, and these three groups differed significantly in their responses to most attributes in the discrete choice model. In the discussion we elaborate how the results of a discrete choice experiment can be used to simulate the affects of various management options on the three user groups. Simulating the likely recreation behaviour by the residents of Jasper produces insights for both visitor management and wildlife management.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 360			Serial	2388
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	Author	Haider, W.,
	Title	Stated Preference & Choice Models – A Versatile Alternative to Traditional Recreation Research			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	115-121
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	In outdoor recreation research and visitor management applications, stated preference and choice methods have not enjoyed the same amount of popularity when compared to other directions of applied research. This is somewhat surprising considering the fact that decisions that managers of protected areas and outdoor recreation in general face are typically multiattribute in nature and require an understanding of the trade-offs that decision-makers of clients are willing to make. This paper provides an overview to stated choice research by explaining the essential considerations during the design and analysis of this approach. The various stages will be explained on hand of a simple example. Then the versatility of the approach will be demonstrated by discussing research design options in more detail.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 448			Serial	2287
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	Author	Haider, W.,
	Title	North American Idols: Personal Observations on Visitor Management Frameworks and Recreation Research			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	16-22
	Keywords	MMV3
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 576			Serial	2412
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	Author	Haider, W.,
	Title	Context matters in behavioural recreation research			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	162-163
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 445			Serial	2889
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	Author	Haberfellner, E., Pröbstl, U., Wirth, V.,
	Title	Ski touring on ski slopes – Problem or opportunity?			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	150-151
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 440			Serial	2884
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	Author	Gunter de Queiroz, L.; Lindenkamp, T.C.M.,
	Title	Impacts of lockdown on the management of Brazilian National Parks			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	108-109
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	What did the current pandemic represent for park managers in Brazil? This pandemic certainly created negative consequences for costumers (visitors). But does this mean as well for conservation? Based on interviews sent to the 74 managers, we present an overview of the impact of Covid-19 at management of Brazilian National Parks.
	Call Number				Serial	4248
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	Author	Gundersen, V.; Andersen, O.,
	Title	Visitor counting and surveys in a dispersed-use mountain area in Norway			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	67-68
	Keywords	MMV5, visitor monitoring, visitor counting, visitor survey, automatic counters, GPS tracking
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 76			Serial	2709
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	Author	Gundersen, V.,
	Title	Human-wildlife interactions: The challenge of monitoring socio-ecological dimensions in Norwegian National Parks			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	18-19
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation are the principal threats to biodiversity worldwide. In addition to the direct changes to the habitat caused by human activity, the mere presence of humans can prevent wildlife from accessing otherwise intact patches of habitat. This is exemplified by a wideranging species, wild reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) in Norway. During winter, reindeer rely on lichens that are both vulnerable for wear and slow to regenerate. In summer months, the reindeer follow the retreat-ing snowpack as they seek greener vegetation and insectfree calving pastures. The wild reindeer is a challenging species to manage. It is adapted to survive in a mountain environment with extremely variable foraging conditions that require extensive seasonal movements. Human development of different kind of infrastructure, combined with increased human presence in their environment, mainly for for recreational purposes, have created an ever-changing disturbance regime. To monitor the human use component in this context, include the metrics of visitors spatial extent, temporal extent and variability, volume, type of activity and characteristics.Marked trails between tourist cabins are the most common infrastructure within wild reindeer ranges, and trail systems often transect large remote areas in such a way that that wild reindeer herds are forced to cross marked trails frequently. The key question is: what level of human disturbance can reindeer herds tolerate, in terms of user numbers per unit of time, before the reindeer movements are either severely hampered or cease altogether? The human use of trails within a wild reindeer range inevitably varies considerably during the summer peak tourist season. Some trail segments see as few as 1 person/day, while other segments have more than 500 person/day. The intensity of use can also vary considerably between different types of trails or paths and the terrain they cross. NINA uses several different methods to collect data on the spatiotemporal pattern of human presence in large mountain areas where use is widely dispersed: automatic counters (TrafX, EcoCounter), GPS surveys (Trackstics), asking visitors to draw their trips on a map, systematic moment observations, mobility bigdata (e.g. the Strava training smartphone app), and different kinds of secondary data. This talk will address these methods and give examples of potential methodological biases.
	Call Number				Serial	4381
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	Author	Gulinck, H.; Dumont, B.,
	Title	Simulating Visitors’ Dispersion in a Nature Reserve based on a Friction Model			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	187-190
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	A friction model is used for predicting the risk of human penetration of fragile vegetation and bird breeding sites in a nature reserve in central Belgium. The basic components of the study are the terrain classification and the determination of friction values. Different sets of friction values are proposed: based on expert estimation, on walking speed, on energy consumption estimation and on willingness to trespass. The results are compared with spatial data derived from visitor’s observations and interviews. The model is to be improved in a later stage by incorporating the effects of visitor's goals, and of attractors and detractors such as vistas, free roaming cattle or physical challenges. The outcome of this study will be used as basis for the evaluation, and eventually of the redesign, of the current management decisions provided in and around the reserve. Also it should help in following-up the effects of the rapidly changing vegetation and terrain conditions on the behaviour of visitors.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 468			Serial	2297
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	Author	Gulič, J.; Štruc,S.; Šabec,N.D.
	Title	Monitoring and management of visitors on Pohorje Mountain active raised bogs (Slovenia)			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	175-176
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3047
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	Author	Gulic, J., Struc, S., Debeljak Sabec, N.
	Title	Monitoring of disturbances in the natural environment on Pohorje Mountain (Slovenia)			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	89-91
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	This paper deals with the monitoring of disturbances (motorized vehicles, snowmobiles, bikes) in the natural environment on Pohorje Mountain range (Slovenia) and presenting implemented activities dealing with visitor management in the area. Activities were carried out through the project SUPORT – Sustainable Management of Pohorje area (EEA Financial Mechanism and Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2009-2014 in Slovenia, EEAG 4300-346/2014, Y2015-2016) and transferring management planning process into ongoing project LIFE TO GRASLANDS – Conservationand management ofdrygrasslands in EasternSlovenia (LIFE 14 NAT/SI/000005).The project focusedtowards efficient management and monitoring of Natura 2000 sites. One of the work packages of the project included zoning of space on the appropriateness of human activity in the natural environment.With Ferro-magnetic sensors, we have monitored disturbances in the natural environment. The sensors tracked the frequency of disturbances in the natural environment and on forest roads, where traffic is only permitted for forest management
	Call Number				Serial	3887
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	Author	Guennoc, L.,
	Title	Managing “over-tourism” of natural and sensitive areas using visitor data			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	74-75
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	For several years now, visitor management in nature parks has been an ongoing discussion. The fragile balance between welcoming the public and preserving natural areas has always been at the heart of decisions, sometimes difficult to make, by natural area managers.The current health context reinforces these tensions, with the increased importance of natural spaces, between periods of lockdown and the human need for outdoor spaces for exercise and leisure.In sensitive natural areas, and particularly in areas with high tourist pressure, the management of overcrowding has become a major topic, in the light of the COVID-19 crisis.Two specific topics have come to the fore: on one hand, health constraints may now require a specific threshold not to be exceeded, and on the other hand, the overall visitor experience and the preservation of sites, which requires measuring the number of visitors to avoid trampling and natural site degradation, whether they are natural parks, beaches but even periurban spaces.
	Call Number				Serial	4231
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