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	Author	Rupf, R., Karlen, B., Wyttenbach, M.
	Title	The rocky path – defining a trail and route network for a new national park: Case study Parc Adula, Switzerland			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	148-151
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Switzerland has the oldest national park in Central Europe and in the Alps – the Swiss National Park in the Engadin Valley. Established in 1914 and with an area of 170 km2, the park is well known, and has strict but well accepted rules for visitors (Backhaus and Rupf, 2014). The Swiss National Park is not classified as a National Park, but as a Strict Nature Reserve category Ia (IUCN). It only consists of a core area without a buffer zone. In 2007 the legal basis for new protected areas in Switzerland including national parks (IUCN category II) was established. This was the beginning of several initiatives to launch new national park projects. One of them is Parc Adula (see Figure 1), situated in the south eastern part of Switzerland, with a total area of 1,250 km2 and a core zone of 145 km2 (12 %). Parc Adula is part of the territory of two different cantons and authorities (Grison and Ticino). In addition, Parc Adula is home to three different languages and cultures (Italian, Romansh and German), with about 16,000 residents in 17 communities. The land drops from the highest peak, Piz Adula, from 3,402 m to 349 m, and different biogeographical regions are therefore represented.
	Call Number				Serial	3905
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	Author	Rupf, R., Haider, W., Riesen, M., Skov-Petersen, H., Pröbstl, U.,
	Title	Developing parameters for agent-based models using choice experiments			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	286-287
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 501			Serial	2945
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	Author	Rupf-Haller, R.; Wernli, M.; Filli, F.,
	Title	Visitor Counting with Acoustic Slab Sensors in the Swiss National Park			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	72-77
	Keywords	MMV3, Visitor counting, acoustic slab sensor, Swiss National Park, walking experiments
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 602			Serial	2425
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	Author	Ruoss, E.; Strehler Perrin, C.,
	Title	How to Achieve Nature Protection Involving Local People			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	474-475
	Keywords	MMV3, UNESCO, MAB, participation, conservation, development, added value, INNOREF, visitors management, Biosphere Reserves, Entlebuch
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 857			Serial	2551
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	Author	Runnstrom, M.; Ollafsdottir, R.
	Title	Image analysis to assess hinking impact in Icelandic vegetation communities			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	175-177
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	The objective of this research is to study the correlation between hiking impact (number of hikers) and resilience of different vegetation types in some common Icelandic vegetation communities; moss, moss-heath and grassland.
	Call Number				Serial	4096
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	Author	Rundle, S.,
	Title	Monitoring Low Volume Walker Use of a Remote Mountain Range: a Case Study of the Arthur Range, Tasmania, Australia			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	53-58
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	Registration data are the major source of information about bushwalker (hiker, tramper, rambler) volumes and basic characteristics in the Arthur Range within the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area. This paper describes the problems encountered with the existing registration system and the simple and practical solutions adopted to address them.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 426			Serial	2276
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	Author	Rueede, D.
	Title	Approval of Black Forest National Park by local companies			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	105-107
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	Besides their character as nature protection sites, National Parks are often expected to have positive outcomes on the economic development of the region they are situated in. Another major concern of nature protection sites is the approval by the local community. Here, the main research is concerned with the degree of approval by the local community and possible explanations for variations in such evaluations as well as managerial implications to shape these evaluations
	Call Number				Serial	4072
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	Author	Ruede, D.; Krüger, F.; Garms, M.,
	Title	Visits counting from point data to area and period estimates			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	276-277
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	How many visitors do you have? is a basic and frequently asked question to protected area managers. However, answering such a question is challenging in the case of recreational and protected areas that are characterized by free access and multiple entry points. Due to constraints in financial and personnel resources data collection cannot be anytime (time) and anywhere (space). Thus, the selection of suitable data collection methods and their proper combination arises (Muhar, Arnberger and Brandenburg, 2002, p.1). Within this study, we answer the question for the Black Forest National Park by using counting devices and manual counting events. In addition to estimating the total number of visits, we estimate the relative importance of different use types such as hiking, biking and winter sports. As we are interested in monitoring changes over time, we put a special emphasis on developing a reproducible methodology that can be applied in upcoming years.
	Call Number				Serial	4323
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	Author	Rudolphi, W.; Haider, W.,
	Title	Visitor Management and Ecological Integrity: One Example of an Integrated Management Approach Using Decision Analysis			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	143-149
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	In this paper we argue in favor of using a decision analysis framework for more integrated decision-making when managing protected areas. Such an approach will enable agencies to balance between the frequently conflicting goals of visitor management and ecological integrity. We present a case study from the West Coast Trail in Pacific Rim National Park Reserve, BC, Canada, in which we use ELECTRE and AHP to establish a ranking of several management options. We conclude by suggesting that such a more formal framework constitutes a more objective decision support tool, assists in framing relevant management questions and tradeoffs, and at the same time provides guidance for data collection.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 456			Serial	2291
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	Author	Roux, F.,
	Title	Global attendance study in the Estérel Massif to preserve and manage a protected area			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	46-49
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	To cope with these difficulties and to mobilize new financial resources, the Intercommunal Syndicate for the Protection of the Estérel Massif (SIPME) adopted in 2015 a Forest Charter to better integrate the multiple functions of the forest (ecological, social and economic) within the framework of a coordinated management. It is also planned to complete this process with a “Grand Site de France approach” to deal with the high attendance level issues and to reach excellence in sustainable territory management
	Call Number				Serial	4052
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	Author	Rossi, S.D.; Pickering, C.M.; Byrne, J.A.
	Title	Local community perceptions about mountain bike riding in peri-urban national parks			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	69-71
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3104
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	Author	Rossi, S.D.; Barros, A.; Pickering, C.; Leung, Y-F; Walden-Schreiner, C.
	Title	Assessing visitor spatial behaviour in mountain protected areas with crowdsourced photos: Examples from Argentina and Australia			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	81-83
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	This study explores how geotagged photos on Flickr can reveal spatial and temporal patterns of visitor use for managers of mountain protected areas
	Call Number				Serial	4063
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	Author	Rossi, S., Marina, C., Byrne, J.,
	Title	Differences among hikers, runners and mountain bikers in a peri-urban park			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	176-177
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 452			Serial	2896
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	Author	Rose, M.; Victoria, P.,
	Title	Visitor monitoring during the COVID-19 Pandemic			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	80-81
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Parks Victorias Charter is to manage National, State and Metropolitan parks and waterways, recreational boating facilities, jetties and piers and other recreation, and tourist assets. This makes up approximately 18 percent of all land in Victoria, Australia, with more than 100 million visits to parks, bays and piers every year. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 global pandemic, visitor monitoring became increasingly important in park management and decision making to ensure health and safety protocols were enacted in park to prevent further community outbreaks. During the COVID-19 restriction periods, staff and visitor monitoring documented changes in visitor use and numbers in the park system. Understanding the wellbeing benefits of being in nature as has been documented in past research, Parks Victoria wanted to examine the physical, emotional and social wellbeing benefits of being in nature and how this had changed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This presentation displays two key research areas to understand the changes to visitation and ways in which Victorians used parks and protected areas during the COVID-19 Pandemic: 1.Park based visitor monitoring2.Impact of COVID-19 on park usage applied research project.
	Call Number				Serial	4234
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	Author	Rosa, P.; Almeida, M.; Carvalhinho, L.,
	Title	Nature sports in natural places: a contribution to the management of protected areas			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	319-320
	Keywords	MMV5, protected areas, nature sports, management models, visitor management
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 130			Serial	2818
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	Author	Roovers, P.; Hermy, M.; Gulinck, H.,
	Title	A Survey of Recreation Interests in Urban Forests, the Influence of Travel Distance			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	277-283
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	The forest complex of Heverlee-Meerdaal, which consists of two forest parts, is located on a gradient from a rural region to an expanding urban area. By means of counts an interpretation on congestion and on spreading of visitors in time and space in the area was made. On the basis of these counts questionnaires were carried out in the forest throughout the whole year and among all activity groups. The questionnaires dealt with socio-demographical characteristics of the visitors, preferences and perceptions of the respective activity groups and their interpretation of the forest area concerning structure and infrastructure. According to this study, the geographical distribution of the visitors in the forest is highly determined by the position of the forest along a gradient relative to the conurbation.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 496			Serial	2311
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	Author	Roovers, P.; Dumont, B.; Gulinck, H.; Hermy, M.,
	Title	Visual obstruction of herb vegetation, defining standards for natural barriers			Type
	Year	2004	Publication	Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 2 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	400-403
	Keywords	MMV2
	Abstract	As a result of increasing impact of recreation on natural resources and visitor experiences, wilderness managers often want to control recreational use. However, most of the attempts to alter wilderness recreational use patterns, suffer from a lack of knowledge of visitors’ behaviour they seek to influence. This study concentrated on the effects of ground vegetation on perceived obstruction to recreationists. The aim was to define marginal values for the structure of natural barriers. Ratings by participants (n= 131) on a five-point scale, measured perceived obstruction. These ratings were linked to vertical cover of the vegetation. Analyses indicated a significant exponential relationship between vertical cover and perceived obstruction. A marginal vegetation height of about 54 cm could be identified as having obstructive features. Also the condition of the soil and the presence of irritating species seemed to influence visitors’ judgement. It was concluded that a more intensive use of natural barriers to control recreational use, is a functional alternative with economical and aesthetical advantages.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 338			Serial	2377
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	Author	Roose.A.; Sepp,K.; Kliimask,J.
	Title	Dilemma of rural diversification via tourism and nature conservation in peripheral Estonia			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	185-187
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3103
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	Author	Roose, A., Sepp, K.,
	Title	Balancing conservation and visitation through a comprehensive monitoring system of nature protection in Estonia			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	88-89
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 410			Serial	2854
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	Author	Roose, A.,
	Title	Designing visitor monitoring system in Estonian nature reserves combining passive mobile positioning with other counting methods			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	132-133
	Keywords	MMV5, visitor monitoring, nature reserves, mobile positioning
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 234			Serial	2736
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	Author	Rogowski, M.,
	Title	Changes of tourism under impact of COVID-19 pandemic in Stołowe Mountains and Karkonosze Mountains National Parks, south-western Poland			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	104-105
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	National parks are important tourist destinations because of their high bio- and geodiversity values that enable outdoor activities and leisure in natural environment. This is vibrant issues because the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions have limited leisure in natural environment. This presentation highlights the outcomes of the survey conducted on visitors behaviour and motivations during national park visits at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. The research was conducted in two mountain national parks located in south-western Poland, i.e., Stolowe Mts. National Park (SMNP) and Karkonosze National Park (KNP), both located in the Sudety Mountains along the Polish-Czech national border. The study identifies intentions of visitors behaviour change in comparison with the pre-COVID-19 period, i.e., 2017-2019. The study aimed to determine the factors that influence the mountain national park visits. Specifically, the surveys were used i) to assess spatiotemporal changes of visitors, distribution in two national parks, including changes in seasonality of tourism and frequencies of main tourism attractions sight-seeings; i) to characterized changes in motivations and behaviours of park visitors during the pandemic period in comparison to the pre-COVID-19 period.
	Call Number				Serial	4246
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	Author	Rogowski, M.
	Title	Monitoring System of Tourist Traffic (MSTT) in Stolowe Mts. National Park in SW Poland			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	58-61
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	The Stolowe Mts. National Park (SMNP) is located in the Sudetes Mts. in South-West Poland, on the border with the Czech Republic. The total area of the SMNP is 6,340 ha and there are around 100 km of marked hiking trails. The Monitoring System of Tourist Traffic (MSTT) in the SMNP consisted of the following specific objectives: 1) Qualitative monitoring using questionnaire-based data collection of visitors’ motivations and preferences; 2) Quantitative monitoring using 38 infrared sensors (Eco-counters) to count tourist traffic at the entrances of marked hiking trails within the SMNP border.
	Call Number				Serial	4056
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	Author	Rodrigues, A.; Rodrigues, Á.,
	Title	Diversification of the tourism offer in rural and natural areas: the implementation of a Dark-Sky Reserve in Portugal			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	234-235
	Keywords	MMV5, Dark-Sky Reserve, Portugal, tourism, light pollution, protected areas
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 184			Serial	2783
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	Author	Rodrigues, Á.; Kastenholz, E.; Rodrigues, A.,
	Title	Walking trails in recreational and protected areas: an exploratory study of the tourist’s perception of natural areas			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	203-208
	Keywords	MMV4, Hiking, destination marketing, visitor survey, market analysis, natural areas
	Abstract	Nowadays, there is a growing demand for leisure, recreation and tourism activities in nature, with hiking being one of the most popular activities. Walking on a trail through nature, besides providing contact with nature, fruition and relaxation, also constitutes an effective way of interaction between men and nature that could awake an increased environmental awareness (Siqueira, 2004). However, tourists that visit natural areas are not a homogeneous segment (Wight, 2001). Specific motivations and personal characteristics make people look for natural areas with different desires. This understanding is very important for those responsible for the planning and management of natural areas. In this context there are two sides to be considered: supply and demand. One of the most efficient ways to manage flows of visitors in natural environments focuses on the careful design of walking trails. However, for that development to be planned and managed in a sustainable manner it is necessary to know the hikers’ profile. This paper presents the results of an exploratory survey of Portuguese and foreign hikers in Portuguese natural areas of different landscapes. Differences between the national and international visitor group could be identified as far as environmental preferences and nature perception is concerned, implying differentiated destination marketing strategies for protected areas.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 976			Serial	2609
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	Author	Rodrigues, Á., Rodrigues, A., Fernandes, F.,
	Title	“Night walks” and rural development: A Case Study of Alentejo, Portugal			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	392-393
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 550			Serial	2994
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	Author	Rodrigues Marques, N.; de Almeida Cunha, A.; Fazito, M.
	Title	Socio-environmental conflicts in the Cerrado Protected Areas of Chapada dos Veadeiros: a discursive treatment of tourism and development in Brazil			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	110-112
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	The critical literature on tourism development would benefit from a discursive treatment of development policy contexts (Bianchi, 2009), and more specifically in protected sites’ regions. To respond to this agenda, this ongoing research aims to analyze the socio-environmental conflicts between tourism and mining in the town of Cavalcante, in the state of Goiás. In order to address the proposed objective, we employed a Foucauldian Discourse Analysis method, seeking a deeper understanding of the empirical reality and its complexity.
	Call Number				Serial	4074
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	Author	Robles, N., Corbett, J.,
	Title	The Program for Visitor Management at Monte Alban, Mexico: A Strategy for Managing Mass Tourism through Junior Volunteers			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	23-24
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	A common problem among those grand World Heritage Sites such as Angkor, TajMahal, Great Wall of China, or the Roman Coliseum is the unrelenting pressure of mass visitation, a continuing presence regardless of season or circumstance. Site managers and service providers know few respites and must plan their relationship with visitors as of constant demand. Most cultural and natural sites open to the public, however, experience periodic fluctuations in the flow of visitor traffic, i.e., across a year will have peak, moderate, and low seasons, often quite predictable because they coincide with calendars governing visitor mobility such as school calendars or public celebrations. In Latin America peak periods for domestic tourism frequently coincide with major flows of international tourist traffic, confronting sites with dramatic though predictable swings in the volume of visitors within a relatively short time.
	Call Number				Serial	3864
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	Author	Robinson, J.A.; Leung, Y.-F.,
	Title	Visitor Use and Impact Monitoring: An Adaptive Design Model			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	472-473
	Keywords	MMV3, Adaptive management, adaptive monitoring, monitoring design, decision making process, protected areas, visitor impacts, visitor monitoring, impact monitoring, recreation ecology
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 855			Serial	2550
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	Author	Roberts, J., Liley, D.,
	Title	Welsh seasonal habitat vulnerability mapping			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	40-41
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 389			Serial	2833
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	Author	Roberts, J.,
	Title	An audience based approach to communication intervention			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	502-504
	Keywords	MMV4, Audience-based communication, Codes of conduct, Recreational impacts
	Abstract	Communication Interventions (CIs) are often used by the environmental and outdoor sectors to try to manage and mitigate the impacts of recreation. This research audited the CIs currently being used in Wales, reviewed the process of creating them and explored the way that audiences gather and responded to advice, instruction and guidance. It found that currently most CIs are too narrow in their delivery and do not consider behaviour change sufficiently, tending to over focus on the message. The study recommends that CIs should utilise a broad range of integrated media, linked, if possible, to direct ‘points of contact’. A guide to creating effective audience based CIs is being developed using the results and recommendations.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1108			Serial	2675
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	Author	Riseth, J.Å.,
	Title	Parks for whom? A Norwegian policy dilemma: recreation vs indigenous interests			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	384-389
	Keywords	MMV4, Commercial tourism, convention on biological diversity, indigenous interests, IUCN category VI Yellowstone model
	Abstract	As most countries, Norway has adopted the Yellowstone model for nature protection; limiting humans’ role to be guests in nature. The country established its first national park in 1962. In 2008, 14.3 % of the mainland is formally protected; including 29 national parks, many established newly. Recent decades’ growing concern of the insufficiency of this protection model includes the lack of seeing conservation as a social issue, not only a biological one, was confirmed by the Vth World Park Conference in 2003. The same year the Norwegian government advanced a new policy for increased use of national parks for commercial tourism, named the “Mountain Text”. The fact not addressed is that 18 of 29 parks are situated in Sámi reindeer pasture areas. The contemporary policy has revealed an unexpected conflict of objectives. Whereas the Mountain Text strengthen the goal of recreation, affected Sámi herders fear that parks instead of protection for them will mean increased disturbance of vulnerable animals and areas and accordingly have changed their basic attitudes from being positive to becoming ambiguous towards new parks and park extensions. This is a problem both in equity as well as efficiency perspective and also a source of new conflicts. Norway currently reforms its conservation legislation to reinforce biodiversity protection. Though indigenous interests have not so far become a core issue in this process; this process and the international process under the Convention on Biological Diversity together create a window of opportunities for reconciling conflicting objectives. One of the relevant instruments is the IUCN Category VI, available from 1994, which juxtaposes biodiversity protection and sustainable use.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1056			Serial	2649
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	Author	Richard, B.; Altin, L.
	Title	Guests’ reactions to being monitored: the balancing act of added value and privacy concerns			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	108-109
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3102
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	Author	Rice, W.; Pan, B.,
	Title	Using Googles Mobility Data to understand park visitation during the COVID-19 pandemic: A note of caution			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	76-77
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically impacted park visitation around the globe. In an effort to understand the factors influencing these changes, numerous attempts have been made to use big data to monitor changes in park use (e.g., Venter et al., 2020). Googles Community Mobility Reports represent a dataset with significant potential in this regard. Released in April 2020, these reports were generated on the hypothesis that aggregated, anonymized data could be helpful [to] make critical decisions to combat COVID-19 (Fitzpatrick & DeSalvo, 2020, para. 1). The heading on the reports website asks browsers to see how your community is moving around differently due to COVID-19 (Google 2020b). The data released through the reports are generated from aggregated, anonymized sets of data from [Google] users who have turned on the Location History setting, which is off by default (Google 2020b).
	Call Number				Serial	4232
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	Author	Revier, H.; Folmer, A.
	Title	Nature excursions in the Dutch Wadden Sea: tools to integrate tourism, outdoor recreation and nature protection in a natural World Heritage site			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	58-59
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3101
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	Author	Rettie, K.,
	Title	Shaping Culture in Nature: Human Use Management in Canada’s Mountain National Parks			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	374-375
	Keywords	MMV3, National park management, visitor experience, culture and nature
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 776			Serial	2511
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	Author	Rettie, K.,
	Title	Monitoring human use on trails in Canada’s mountain national parks			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	94-95
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 414			Serial	2858
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	Author	Rettie, K.
	Title	Winter data collection in Canada’s mountain parks			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	98-99
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3100
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	Author	Restad, C.; Aas, Ø.; Wold, L.C.,
	Title	On the stone footpath – Reactions to abrasion reducing measures at Besseggen, Jotunheimen National Park, Norway			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	29-30
	Keywords	MMV5, abrasion reducing measure, visitor survey, user satisfaction
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 278			Serial	2691
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	Author	Renner, C., Lupp, G., Stein, C., Siegrist, D., Bastian, O.,
	Title	Maintaining high biodiversity and landscape diversity for and through tourism – approaches for co-financing models			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	190-191
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 458			Serial	2902
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	Author	Rein, H., Meifert, K.,
	Title	Joined and online-based visitor monitoring and benchmarking			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	92-93
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 413			Serial	2857
Permanent link to this record