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Author Mose, I.; Weixlbaumer, N., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Protected Areas as a Tool for Regional Development? Type
  Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 149-154  
  Keywords MMV3, Protected areas, paradigm shift, integrated nature conservation, regional development  
  Abstract (down) The last decades have witnessed significant changes in protected area policies in Europe as well as throughout the world. As a result, the total area set aside has more than quadrupled, and today almost 14 percent of the world‘s ecosystems are protected compared with only about 3 percent in 1970. In Europe, first and foremost, large protected areas with an integrative character gain importance increasingly. Based against this background, this paper on the one hand deals with the multifunctionality of post modern large protected areas as well as with the paradigm shift in protected area policies in Europe. On the other hand this paper analyses the advancement and future perspectives of these policies, and reflects upon the current use of protected areas as tools for a sustainable regional development.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 645 Serial 2446  
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Author Draux, H., Olafsson, A.S., Kaae, B.C., Skov-Petersen, H. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Online participatory GIS mapping of marine recreation in Denmark: contrasting crowdsourced and representative survey approaches Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 248-251  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract (down) The lack of spatial information is a challenge to create a balanced and coherent planning and management of the sea, as framed in marine conservation planning andMarine Spatial Planning, MSP (Douvere & Ehler, 2009, Mazor et al 2014). The limited availability and quality of data on recreational marine uses is as an obstacle for implementing EU policy (EEA 2015).Innovative ways for documenting and mapping the missing ‘social landscape’ of the marine environment in terms of spatial attributes of recreational use are needed (Martin & Hall-Arber 2008). To find out the extent of use of the Danish waters for marine recreation activities, our research aimed to collect the spatial extent, diversity, and intensityof these activities.Here, we discuss the quality of the data collected through two sampling strategies: an online crowdsourcedsurvey and a commercial representative panel survey.  
  Call Number Serial 3937  
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Author Stastna, P., Pacak, J., Kala, L., Nejedly, O. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title First Experience with Automated Counting System in the Krkonose Mts. National Park Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 286-287  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract (down) The Krkonoše Mts. (Giant Mts.) are situated on the north border of the Czech Republic. Even the mountains are not too high (the highest top called Snezka Mt. isonly 1603 m a. s. l.) the locality forms a first barrier in the south and eastdirectionfrom sea for the prevailing winds.The climate there is therefore very oceanic, characterizedby humid and foggy weather,rich in precipitations. In the winter is the surface of protuberant objects in upper parts is often covered by thick layer of ice because of the humid winds.We have started counting with automated counters at 27 localities since the year 2012. 22 of themhas been situated at the entrances of the most protected area of the national park (the first zone), which is predominantly situated in the upper part of mountains, close or above the tree line.The movement of visitors is regulated there becausethese parts are higly visited. 4 of these counting point has been also combined for counting of cyclists or motor vehicles.  
  Call Number Serial 3948  
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Author Markov, M., Radic-Lakos, T., Perisic, A., Bracanov, V. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Profile characteristics and satisfaction of Kornati National Park visitors Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 323-325  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract (down) The Kornati Archipelago is situated in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea. It stretches over an area of 320 km2 and includes 149 island, isles and reefs. Part of the Archipelago encompassing 89 land units and adjacent marine area with total 217 m2 was proclaimed National Park in 1980 due to exceptional geomorphological features, anthropogenic terrestrial vegetation, rich marine biodiversity and oceanographic specificities. Tourism was gradually introduced in the Kornati Archipelago in the 1970s. This was the period of the major changes in the lives of the local people up to that time, which had a strong impact on the overall appearance of the Archipelago. The development of tourism activities was made possible with the appearance of fast-motorized boats, making the Archipelago more accessible. The local people turned to tourism and adapted their small houses for tourist accommodation and opened taverns and restaurants.  
  Call Number Serial 3961  
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Author Nakajima, Y.; Izu, N. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Complex surveys for monitoring climbers in Mt.Fuji, Japan Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 118-119  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract (down) The Japanese government listened to the advice and decided to lay out Visitor Management Strategy that includes the process of determining carrying capacities for the upper access routes that will help realizing the desirable style of Mt Fuji accents. In order to do that, the government needs to investigate and research the current state of the mountain by collecting and analyzing objective data. This research was conducted in order to collect and analyze necessary data for strategy mentioned above  
  Call Number Serial 4077  
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Author Markovic, I., Sever, I., Pejnovic, D. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Impact factors on protected areas and management policies on a global scale Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 469-471  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract (down) The issue of sustainability of protected areas has been, up to twenty years ago, on the margins of scientific research due to common perception that the protected natural areas are sustainable by their very existence. Tourism in general, including tourism in protected areas, which often has a prefix eco, inevitably changes and disturbs state of the environment by its existence in a certain area. The main impact of tourism is created by attracting tourists and their concentration on specific particularly attractive area, which brings consequences that signify the usual environmental pressures, such as: waste, wastewater, traffic and others (Growcock, Pickering, 2011). Infrastructure required for tourist activity irreversibly alters the natural, and social environments. Contact with tourism affects the way of life of the local population, socio-cultural identity and brings new structure of the local economy, which substituted the traditional activities. Accordingly, the question arises is tourism in the protected areas possibility or a challenge, at a time when modern trends of world tourism indicate growing interest in protected areas, which not only favours the development of a relatively undeveloped areas, but also generate considerable economic benefits (Dowling et al., 2013). Therefore, this paper examines the issues of sustainable development and management policies on the example of selected natural areas in the world.  
  Call Number Serial 4008  
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Author Goldstein, S.; Surki, S.; Koriyat, E.; Nemtzov; S. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Collaboration with communities living next to protected areas, for the conservation of biodiversity, landscape and heritage in Israel Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 223-225  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract (down) The Israel Nature and Parks Authority (INPA) is Israels government agency in charge of all legally protected areas (Nature Reserves and National Parks). The INPA has been working for many years in collaboration with local communities. This connection between the INPAs Nature Reserves and National Parks, and the local communities that live next to them, is a longstanding association with mutual implications. Over the years we have experienced a rise in the publics impact upon the environment. In order to protect biodiversity, landscapes and heritage over the long term, the INPA realizes that we must have the public as a cooperative partner.  
  Call Number Serial 4113  
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Author Zega, M., Dakskobler, P. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title MTB Soca Outdoor (Slovenia) – A good case scenario Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 377-378  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract (down) The interest in extreme or adventurous sports has grown rapidly in the last decade. Activities such as skydiving, paragliding, zip lining, canyoning, swinging bungie etc. are experiencing a burst out in number of enthusiasts and challenge audacity. A huge progress has been made also in the corresponding technical equipment. Among mentionedadventuroussports, perhaps the most popularis mountain biking. Since most of these activities happen outdoor, preferably in nature or even better in preserved and remote corners of nature, they inevitably have a significant impact on other usersand inhabitants within these places, e.g. animals and their habitats, hikers, farmers, villagers, foresters, land owners, nature conservationists etc., who have been sharing the placemore or less reconciled with each other since a long time. Now, this new presence has become an everyday reality andit brings a conflict between ‘old and new users’, which cannot be ignored. Therefore, these activitiesneed to be properly integrated into thenatural environment and into the legal system, whichis easy to say, but much more demanding to accomplish.  
  Call Number Serial 3979  
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Author Czegledi, O.; Garcia-Arjona, N.; Paget, E.; Rech, Y.; Gourin, L. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The impact of hiking on visitors consumer behavior in the French shores Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 135-137  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract (down) The interdisciplinary perspective of the project provides a cross-understanding of coastal pedestrian leisure activities by adopting different, yet interrelated scientific approaches, such as historical, sociological, geographical, legal, political and artistic perspectives. In this context, the present communication focuses on the analysis of hiking’s consequences on the leisure consumer behavior at coastal sites  
  Call Number Serial 4082  
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Author Liu, Y.; Olafsson, A. S., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Intentional and incidental nature experiences in urban nature Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 388-389  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract (down) The importance of urban nature has been empha-sized alongside the concept of sustainable city and urban livability. Urban nature can refer to all kinds of green spaces, such as lawns, community gardens, urban parks, urban forests and urban cemeteries. It is known that urban nature deliv-ers the cultural ecosystem services that largely link to human well-being. Hence, many scholars focus on multi-functionality of urban nature (Fagerholm et al., 2019; Hansen et al., 2019), and try to find the link between motives and experi-ences (Vierikko et al., 2020) in order to have a broad understanding of the day to day practice of urban nature. However, due to the extinction of the experiences and loss of human-nature inter-actions, more research should pay attention to nature experiences in order to develop sustaina-ble urban recreational destinations with high citizens experiential values.The built environment with access to in-frastructure and green spaces are preferred dur-ing the lockdown (Amerio et al., 2020). The hu-man-nature interaction is greatly motivated by intentional uses of urban nature provided by in-frastructures, and the fact urban nature can pro-vide spaces for social activities and so on. Yet, little is focus on how restorative experiences, emotions, surprises and sensory experiences can encourage urban dwellers a close contact with nature. Does the increasing recreational use of urban nature at this special moment indicate an increasing need of restorative benefits and better well-being from the urban nature? And is the intentional recreational use of urban nature gen-erated by any incidental experiences gained from urban nature or indirect use of urban nature, due to the fact that well-practiced behaviors are gen-erated by incidental experience? This study cate-gorizes nature experiences into intentional na-ture experiences and incidental nature experi-ences, and aims to answer the following ques-tions (1) what is intentional and incidental nature experience and what are the most common mapped activities in terms of the intentional and incidental use of urban nature (2) which type of urban nature and which landscape feature(s) can provide more intentional or incidental nature experiences (3) what is the relationship between these two kinds of nature experiences?  
  Call Number Serial 4371  
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Author Marangon, F.; Spoto, M.; Visintin, F., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Assigning economic value to natural protected areas: an environmental accounting model Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 232-236  
  Keywords MMV4, Ecosystem functions, environmental accounting, Long Term Financial Plan, natural marine reserve  
  Abstract (down) The implementation of environmental accounting in Natural Reserves produced some significant results in terms of restrictions. First of all, environmental accounting introduced a limitation in scale, which was inapplicable on a micro scale. A second restriction concerned the physical unit measure that was used instead of a monetary unit measure. Finally, a third limitation was due to the fact that environmental accounting takes into account only costs, not environmental benefits. These three limitations led us to develop an environmental accounting model that considered resources in the Natural Reserve, both consumed and produced. The model applied to Miramare Natural Marine Reserve (Italy) aimed to supplement monetary accounting based on cost and revenue with environmental accounting which reflects not only environmental cost but also environmental revenues, i.e. environmental benefits. Environmental cost took into account anthropic presence, raw materials use, consumption of fuel for motor vehicles and heating fuel, consumption of electricity, water consumption, and administration expenses. Environmental benefits assessed ecosystem functions: gas regulation, nutrient cycling, biological control, food production, recreation, and culture. The difference between costs and benefits, both economic and environmental, represented the value produced or consumed by the Natural Reserve. The model demonstrated that the net benefit for the Reserve was approximately €654,000 covering the amount of public transfer (about €610,000) completely.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 990 Serial 2616  
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Author Milentijevic, N., Valjarevic, A., Vukoicic, D., Cimbaljevic, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title GIS Technology and Spatial Analysis of Geo-cultural heritage in the Municipality of Prokuplje (Serbia) Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 111-112  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract (down) The idea to protect the geo-cultural heritage of Serbia dates its institutional beginnings in the 1950s. In the middle of nineties, start systematic valorization of cultural heritage and Natural objects. The special place of conservation and geo-cultural protection belongs to the municipality of Prokuplje. The municipality of Prokuplje situated in the south region of Central Serbia, surrounding by mountains of Jastrebac, Radan and part of Kopaonik. Populations, manufacturing capacity and communications are concentrated in the valley of Toplica (in the town of Prokuplje), but mountain hinterland still lost demographic potential. These are the main reasons of not enough affirmation in the area of a municipality. The surface area of the municipality of Prokuplje is 759 km², which is only 0,8 % of the total area of Serbia. In this paper were marked most important geo-sites (epigeny of river Toplica, pseudo-cave Pasjacko kale) and objects of cultural heritage (Church St. Prokopije, Latin Church, and the medieval upper town Hameum). With using GIS technology we determined the dispersion of cultural objects on the territory of the municipality. The special view can be in creating virtual web map of geo-space. The analysed results represent a quality basis for data storage in digital form which in significance and more detailed touristic valorization of the geo-cultural potentials of the municipality in the future period.  
  Call Number Serial 3894  
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Author Bishop, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Outdoor recreation and protection of Iceland’s Central Highland: conditions for a consensus among domestic users Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 338-340  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract (down) The Icelandic Central Highland cover about 40% of the country, gathering a wide range of landscapes combining large glaciers, vast black sand desert, powerful geothermal areas and rivers, rough lava fields and important wetlands. As a result from such a diversity, the area as a whole consist of an outstanding venue for nature-based tourism and outdoor recreation. Other natural resources are also found in the area, as it has been used since historical times for hunting, fishing or as summer pasture or more recently to produce electricity from renewable sources. Similar to any other use of the natural resource, perspectives of development of the area for nature-based activities are raising serious issues as such highly sensitive environments may be irreversibly impacted by human activities. The establishment of protected areas is presented by various stakeholders as a potential solution to address the issues induced by the exponential growth of tourism. This study aimed to approach the attitudes of outdoor recreationist to the Central Highland and land-use management issues related to its protection. While there seems to be a certain consensus regarding the need to address issues related to the development of tourism in the Central Highland, views gets very polarized when it comes to the idea of a National Park, with a striking gap between opinions expressed by users of motorized and non-motorized activities.  
  Call Number Serial 3966  
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Author Karácsonyi, Z.; Aradi, C.; Lisztes, L., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title From the Beginning Until the World Heritage Title: The Tendencies and Management of Visitor Flows at the Hortobágy National Park Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 421-422  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract (down) The Hortobágy was always in the center of interest because of its special natural values and its characteristic landscape. Even since 1973, when the Hortobágy National Park was established (as the first national park in Hungary) the visitor flows has been significant. However, this mainly meant a 1 or 2 days mass visits. The successive management plans paid increased attention to the problems and issues related to the visitor flows and the possible solutions. The developed zoning-system and the management regulations based on this deal with the tourism. The recently built Epona Rider Village and then the private tourism organizations appeared in increasingly large numbers, and require a new management approach. The important developments of the recent years (educational center, museums, demonstrational centers) also had a great influence on visitor flow management. The practice applied in each stage of the development process, their modifications and further developments, which is to meet the requirements of the World Heritage title, will be introduced.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 546 Serial 2336  
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Author Uzun, A.; Yesil, A.; Ozsul, Z., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The Planning of User Flows in Istanbul Groves for Sustainability in Natural Structure Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 290-295  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract (down) The greenness of Istanbul Bosphorus, except its natural vegetation, is gathered in its parks, gardens and groves. The greenness of the Bosphorus identifies itself with the groves that also have great monumental value. Today, in Istanbul, there is a great number of groves that belongs to either governmental or private institutions. Recently, these groves have experienced increasing pressure from the great number of visitors and their potential use. The latest inventories indicate that existing use patterns of the natural resources of groves affect the trees and plant diversity negatively. Overuse of specific sites causes damage to vegetation especially for exotic plant species that are rarely found in Istanbul. This paper is aimed to describe progress on a system that enables optimal dispersion of use patterns and sustainable use of the groves for future protection. The “User Inventory for Istanbul Groves” was developed to include periodic user observation and user survey in order to maintain groves effectively. For this reason, the computer technology is used as an evaluation tool for examining the user survey results and physical data of the groves that concentrate especially on Yildiz Grove. For the purpose of the study, Yildiz Grove is divided into different zones based on the physical conditions and potential use patterns of the grove and a system is developed that depends on sensitivity for usage.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 500 Serial 2313  
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Author Arnberger, A.; Haider, W.; Muhar, A., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Social Carrying Capacity of an Urban Park in Vienna Type
  Year 2004 Publication Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 2 - Proceedings Issue Pages 361-368  
  Keywords MMV2  
  Abstract (down) The goal of this research was to investigate the social carrying capacity of an urban park in Vienna, Austria. We used a stated choice approach, combined with a referendum style conjoint model. Based on the hypothesis that the perception of crowding is influenced by several factors, digitally calibrated images were generated to depict in a systematic and rigorous manner different visitor numbers, user types, group sizes, the placement of visitors within the scene, numbers of dogs on or off leash, and the direction of visitor movement. The social carrying capacity was measured by asking each respondent whether the presented scenario was acceptable or not. Overall, visitor numbers, the placement of visitors within the image, and dogs being on or off a leash influenced the visitors’ decisions the most. The results of the binomial logit model can be used to simulate and calculate the visitor norms for many different situations; in other words, the referendum style conjoint approach delivers recreation norms within a truly multivariate investigative framework.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 286 Serial 2351  
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Author Barros, M.I.A.; Magro, T.C., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Visitors to the Highlands of Itatiaia National Park, Brazil, and their Perceptions of Visitor Impacts Type
  Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 102-106  
  Keywords MMV3, Visitor characteristics, recreation impact, visitor’s perceptions, Brazilian National Parks  
  Abstract (down) The goal of this research was to characterize the visit and visitors to the highlands of Itatiaia National Park (PNI), located in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and, based on that information, to explore the guidelines of a visitor education program designed to encompass minimum impact techniques that would help minimize management problems. A questionnaire was applied to 605 people from February to August 2002 in order to collect information about visits and visitors. Among the information collected were group size, activities carried out by visitors, duration of visit, and educational level of visitors, their previous experience and perceptions of the impacts caused by visitors.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 618 Serial 2433  
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Author Radivojevic, G., Tesanovic, D., Banjac, M., Tomic, N. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Nature park ‘’sargan – Mokra gora’’ as a major hot spot for promoting Serbian gastronomy Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 501-502  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract (down) The goal of this paper is to determine the structure of the gastronomic offer in restaurants which are located in the area of Šargan-Mokra Gora Nature Park and to investigate which national dishes are included in the offer and promoted as representative dishes of Serbian gastronomy. The Nature Park is located between the Tara and Zlatibor Mountains in Western Serbia. When it comes to gastronomy, what makes it unique and diverse is its favorable geographical location. This area is well known for livestock farming which is the dominant economic activity in the area. Therefore, meat and other products of animal origin, accompanied by mountain cereal and fruit represent basic ingredients used by local people for preparing meals.  
  Call Number Serial 4017  
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Author Spiess, H.; Mönnecke, M.; Wasem, K.; Kümin, D., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Local Recreational Areas: Accounting for Peoples’ Needs in the Development and Selection of Planning Instruments Type
  Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 253-258  
  Keywords MMV3, Local recreation, leisure-trends, peri-urbanisation, planning instruments, landscape planning, landscape development concept, spatial planning, sustainable development  
  Abstract (down) The goal of the ‘ANAP’ research project is to indicate how peoples’ needs for and expectations towards local recreation areas can be met by the means of employing different planning instruments. An in-depth analysis of the available literature reveals what people actually require and expect and the functional capacity of the planning instruments is illustrated by four case studies. Evaluation of these case studies not only gives rise to recommendations concerning the future implementation of the various planning instruments, it also yields proposals for improving their performance in future development phases. Peri-urbanisation leads to the rapid disappearance of attractive open landscapes in built-up areas. As a result, there is less space available for local recreational purposes, and people have to travel increasingly far to find the kind of landscape they are looking for. In order to tackle and hopefully improve this situation in the long term, adequate instruments for controlling the way landscapes are developed within built-up areas are absolutely essential. This research project aims to show how the different planning instruments can be implemented to achieve best outcomes for people seeking decent recreational areas. The planning instruments selected and developed have to be aimed at preserving an attractive landscape. The insights gained from this research provide the basis for recommendations concerning the future implementation of planning instruments, as well as for their future development. The project ‘ANAP’ is a cooperative project between the ‘Research Centre for Leisure, Tourism and Landscape’ (FTL) at the University of Applied Sciences in Rapperswil (HSR), and the ‘Institute for Sustainable Development’ (INE) at the University of Applied Sciences in Winterthur (ZHW). Other project partners include the Federal Research Institute for Forestry, Snow and Landscape (WSL), Green City Zurich (GSZ), Cantonal Agency for Spatial Planning and Survey of Zurich (ARV), Cantonal Agency for Waste, Water, Energy and Air of the Canton of Zurich (AWEL), and the Cantonal Agency for Spatial Planning of the Canton of Basle. Activities have started in 2003 and will end in 2006.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 700 Serial 2473  
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Author Saga, A.; Aikoh, Y.; Hayasaka, S.; Ito, M., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Risk communication as a measure to develop adventure tourism in Ja… Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 36-37  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract (down) The global market for adventure tourism (AT) was steadily growing before the COVID-19 pandemic broke out in early 2020. The market is expected to recover most quickly in the tourism arena because AT is realized as small group tours in amidst nature. Adventure tourism was in fact introduced in Japan several years ago. This study introduces the reason that AT has not been included in commercial tourism and seeks a way to develop AT in Japan. To realize this, risk communication is examined through a case study that focuses on hiking.  
  Call Number Serial 4213  
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Author Higham, J., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The Anthropocene and what it means for managing outdoor recreation experiences Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 22-22  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract (down) The global COVID-19 pandemic has, first and foremost, been a widespread human tragedy. It has also been a global social and economic circuit-breaker. The disruption that it has caused has been all embracing, and from this has emerged a fleeting opportunity to rethink all aspects of environment, society and economy. In the context of tourism and recreation, the current crisis has been widely recognised as a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to build back better and, in doing so, to try to address fundamental global environmental challenges. Twenty years ago, at the dawn of the new millennium Crutzen and Stoermers (2000) article The Anthropocene argued that the Holocene had ended and a new epoch, for which humankind is responsible, had begun. Anthropogenic climate change, pollution, species extinction, exhaustion of soils, over-exploitation of resources, and population growth were seen as evidence of the Anthropocene. The concept of the Anthropocene has become prominent in the tourism and recreation literature. Many of the central rationales for the Anthropocene – such as climate change, resources depletion, and pollution – are also central concerns associated with pre-COVID growth in tourism and recreation. If our species is a geological force and the impacts are of tourism and recreation are geophysical in scope, this significantly increases the ethical stakes associated with our fields of scholarship. To begin, I will frame my presentation with an initial discussion and critique of the Anthropocene and what it means. In this discussion the locus of responsibility is important. It is necessary to question how particular topics of debate come to the fore and who stands to benefit from how public issues are framed. Visions of tourism and recreation development are interwoven with assumptions regarding who stands to benefit and who will bear the costs associated with those benefits.I will use this critique to consider two of the most fundamental environmental challenges confronting tourism and recreation scholarship; carbon emissions and biodiversity loss. I will draw upon the emerging regenerative tourism paradigm to consider how tourism and recreation can contribute to restoring and regenerating rather than depleting natural capital, while simultaneously building social, cultural and economic capital. This discussion has important implications for tourism and recreation, in terms of pathways forward in the quest for practices that respond with urgency to the these global environmental imperatives. This presentation will be illustrated with emerging examples from Aotearoa (New Zealand).  
  Call Number Serial 4383  
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Author Ziener, K., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Formal concept analysis – a method for exploring complex responses of tourist surveys Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 325-329  
  Keywords MMV4, Formal Concept Analysis, hierarchical structures, Lake Neusiedl Region, tourist surveys  
  Abstract (down) The Formal concept analysis goes back to the 1940s and is advanced by Rudolf Wille in the eighties. Based on the algebraic lattice theory so-called concept lattices will be used for visualisation of hierarchical structures in a line diagram. The method needs as input a context consisting of sets of objects and attributes and a binary relation between these objects and attributes. In a concept lattice quantitative and qualitative data can be combined and relations between the objects as well as between the attributes can be analysed. Therefore concept lattices are suitable for analysing the results of surveys. The respondents and their answer patterns constitute the context. Precondition is a hierarchical structure of the answers (e.g. ordinal ordered data). In this presentation will be demonstrated how to use the line graph of the concept lattice for analysing complex questions of tourist surveys. As an example the main activities of about 600 tourists and daily visitors in the Lake Neusiedl Region are analysed. With the procedure of Formal Concept Analysis the different answer patterns of respondents are arranged as nodes in a line diagram. This diagram is constructed by means of two partial concept lattices that will be integrated later. The interpretation of the line graph will start at the biggest nodes, consider the whole structure of the graph and include additional attributes in order to describe groups of tourists with the same activity pattern.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1032 Serial 2637  
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Author McIntyre, N.; Svanqvist, B., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Living in the Forest: Meanings and Use of Recreational Residences Type
  Year 2004 Publication Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 2 - Proceedings Issue Pages 155-163  
  Keywords MMV2  
  Abstract (down) The Forest Service Recreation Residence Program has been operational since the passage of the Occupancy permits Act in 1915. In the initial years the Forest Service actively encouraged summer home occupancy with the view that such occupancy encouraged recreational use and assisted in proper forest management and fire control as well as providing a source of income. Approval of further recreation residence development on public land was discontinued in 1968 as program costs exceeded revenues and the perception that such occupation of public land was elitist and potentially restricted public access to desirable recreation sites. More recently, both the appraisal process and the pursuance of permit violations have become a focus of some political controversy. Recreational residences have often been built by and remain in the same family across generations leading to a strong attachment and identification with a particular forest tract. The study discussed in this paper examines the use of these residences and the meanings of such use to a sample of cottage owners in the Arapahoe-Roosevelt and Pike National Forests in Colorado, USA. A multi-methods approach was used to collect data on cottage use including project analysis, surveys, experiential sampling and in-depth interviews. The rationale underlying the multi-method approach and some preliminary results of this study will be presented in this paper.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 393 Serial 2404  
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Author Roovers, P.; Hermy, M.; Gulinck, H., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title A Survey of Recreation Interests in Urban Forests, the Influence of Travel Distance Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 277-283  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract (down) The forest complex of Heverlee-Meerdaal, which consists of two forest parts, is located on a gradient from a rural region to an expanding urban area. By means of counts an interpretation on congestion and on spreading of visitors in time and space in the area was made. On the basis of these counts questionnaires were carried out in the forest throughout the whole year and among all activity groups. The questionnaires dealt with socio-demographical characteristics of the visitors, preferences and perceptions of the respective activity groups and their interpretation of the forest area concerning structure and infrastructure. According to this study, the geographical distribution of the visitors in the forest is highly determined by the position of the forest along a gradient relative to the conurbation.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 496 Serial 2311  
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Author Leung Ng, S.; Cheung, S.Y.; Leung, Y.F., Fang, W. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Trail degradation and organized sporting events in Hong Kong Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 288-289  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract (down) The findings of this study point to the need for cautious permitting, planning, and management of organized sport events in protected areas with respect to event size (e.g., number of participants), trail routes, environmental conditions, and appropriate actions to contain traffic and assist in recovery. It is recommended that organized sporting events and extreme sports be regulated and trail maintenance is crucially important for keeping the protected areas in good condition.  
  Call Number Serial 4137  
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Author Shalovenkov, N., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Interaction of Land and Water Ecosystems in Recreational and Protected Areas Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 452-459  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract (down) The experience of monitoring and management of visitor flows is stored enough large for land ecosystems in recreational and protected areas. An estimation of influence of visiting flows and choice of optimum loadings for water ecosystems are connected to some difficulties. This difficulty is predetermined, first of all, by complexity of interaction of land and water ecosystems and by complexity of performance of monitoring of environment for such ecosystems. Interaction of water and land ecosystems we will consider on an example of the Dniester River Basin and coast of the Black Sea, which are popular recreational and protected areas.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 560 Serial 2343  
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Author Raschi, A.; Crisci, A.; Mikicic, S., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Climate change and ski areas in Trentino region, Italy Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 93-93  
  Keywords MMV4, Climate change, meteo, ski, winter tourism  
  Abstract (down) The existence of an ongoing climate change cannot be denied, or hidden, and tourism is going to be affected by it to a large extent. The analysis of current trends in the response of tourism to climate change, in conjunction with the forecast of future climate scenaries, can help us in focusing the possible solutions to future possible problems. This work focused on the existing trends in winter tourism in the Trentino region (Italian Alps), by analysing, for the years 1981/1982 to 2007/2008, the climate data from six meteo stations located in ski resorts characterized by different height and geographical position. Data analysis showed that the number of the days with more than 20 cm of snow, minimum level for permitting skiing, is reducing, and interannual variability is increasing. The trend is particularly evident for lower altitude areas. The average, minimum and maximum temperatures of above mentioned winter periods was compared with tourist arrivals suggesting an inverse correlation, with a marked decrease in tourists arrivals in higher temperature periods. The results support the conclusion that the tourists will be obliged to reach higher ski areas with lower temperature and adequate snow level, while a further increase in temperatures will lead the lower ski areas to disappear, and the high seasonal variability will put at risk winter tourism itself in many areas. The further perspective of research, on tourism trends in summer season, will also be outlined.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 926 Serial 2585  
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Author Lupp, G., Forster, B., Naumann, J., Honert, C., Kantelberg, V., Koch, M., Pauleit, S. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Using trigger trail cameras for visitor monitoring – Applications in Bavaria Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 277-279  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract (down) The evaluation of visitor management actions is dependent on profound data about visitor flows and visitor numbers (Clivaz et al. 2013). Stakeholders in the Urban Forest 2050 project were interested in more qualitative data to evaluate their visitor management and offers for specific target groups. Managing authorities were interested to get numbers of joggers, Nordic walkers and dog walkers, as well as prams and wheelchairs. Also user numbers of dog walkers and especially off leash dogs was considered important, since they are a source for potential conflicts with both other user groups and cause interference with wildlife. Finally, also the share of the persons reading information boards had to be assessed. A number of visitor counts and monitoring with camera-based systems have been described (e.g. Janowsky & Becker 2003). Rapid technological development has led to a wide availability of trigger trail cameras for wildlife observation at budget prices, so we opted for these cameras to test options and limitations of such cameras for visitor monitoring. Two urban proximate forests in Freising and the southwestern mountain slope of the Grunten Mountain in the southwest of Bavaria were selected as a study area.  
  Call Number Serial 3945  
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Author Goossen, M., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title What do people want in National Landscapes Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 211-211  
  Keywords MMV4, European Landscape Convention, protection, policy, Netherlands  
  Abstract (down) The European Landscape Convention (ELC) is the first European Treaty that is aimed specifically at the landscape. The aims of this Convention are to promote landscape protection, management and planning. A main point is that the landscape contributes to the shaping of local cultures. Landscape is a basic component of European nature and cultural heritage. Landscape contributes to the well-being of people and the strengthening of the European identity. This produces everyone rights and responsibilities for protection, management and planning of the landscape. The ELC promotes the involvement of citizens at “their” landscape and stimulates the regional and national governments in Europe to create good conditions for the development and the management of the landscape. The ELC cover all landscapes, urban or rural, nicely or ugly. On the 10th of June 2005 the Dutch minister of Agriculture, Nature and Food quality announced that The Netherlands will ratify the European Landscape Convention. The Dutch landscape policy has been renewed and is entirely in line with this Convention. There are 20 National Landscapes in the Netherlands, which cover approx. 25% of the surface. In the Netherlands important spatial changes are in preparation, varying from new house construction projects to catching the impact of climate change. So involvement of citizens is very important. Therefore the government was interested in the opinion of inhabitants of these National Landscapes, and what their attitude is and what their preferences are. An on-line research with 4000 respondents was carried out to give the answers. The most important result is that the inhabitants agree with the policy. Their attitude is that (economic) development must continue, but with great care of the typical characteristics of the landscape. The preferences depend on the different recreation motives, but the desire for nature development is very popular.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 978 Serial 2610  
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Author Gentin, S.; Praestholm, S., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title From idea to practice: potentials and obstacles in engaging volunteers and refugees in nature based integration in five Danish municipalities. Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 330-331  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract (down) The European Commission has promoted revisiting and developing approaches for the successful integration of migrants all over Europe. One possible response to address this challenge is using nature as an arena for social integration of newcomers, as discussed by Gentin et al (2019). The aim of the project – “Nature friend – integration through outdoor recreation and nature activities” was to enroll new volunteers and test new approaches in integration of refugees and newly arrived asylum seekers through nature based activities. Local groups of the Danish Refugee council in five different municipalities in Denmark participated in the project. The theoretical point of departure was Essers (1999) four basic forms of social integration: structural, cultural, interactive and identificational integration. Based on Esser (1999) the relationship between nature and integration can be understood in terms of: 1) Structural integration describing access to common resources and main institutions of society, 2) cultural integration with aquisition of knowledge and competences, cultural aspects, common practices, general rules of behaviour, 3) interactive integration describing friendships and social interactions, 4) identificational integration with emotional bonds to other groups and places.In this relation, “Naturefriend – integration through outdoor recreation and nature activities” focused on social interactions and language learning (interactive integration), as well as getting to know near-by nature (identificational integration). Further, the work by Rishbeth and Finney (2006) and their focus on novelty and nostalgia was found in the refugees thoughts about the nature-based activities inspired the theoretical understanding of the refugee perspective of this project.  
  Call Number Serial 4347  
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Author Naviglio, L., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title The European Charter for Sustainable Tourism (ECST) integrated with other voluntary tools can facilitate a more effective tourism management in Natural Parks Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 212-216  
  Keywords MMV4, sustainable tourism, protected areas, voluntary tools, public/private shared strategies  
  Abstract (down) The European Charter for Sustainable Tourism (ECST), promoted by Europarc in EU protected areas, considers the natural resources conservation as the reason for tourist attractiveness and tourism economy. The main goal is to create a network between public and private subjects in order to individuate and to promote new sustainable tourism offers and to define common, shared, strategies and action plans able to improve local economy preserving natural resources. The ECST implementation can be improved by using procedures and approaches typical of other voluntary tools like ISO 14001/EMAS and Local Agenda 21 (LA21). In particular, the environmental analysis should be more addressed to the existing relationships between pressures produced by tourism and other human activities and the state of the environment (the DPSIR scheme proposed by EEA could be useful for that). A evaluation of criticisms and a rank of priorities should be introduced in the process (as in ISO 14001) and local stakeholders involvement can be referred to LA21. ISO 14001/EMAS should provide references also for monitoring plans and for the management of procedures aimed at using the “park logo” (http://qualitypark. casaccia.enea.it) as award for best practices.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 980 Serial 2611  
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Author Tempesta, T.; Arkilo, S., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Recreational demand of the Euganean Hills Regional Park (Veneto – Italy) Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 288-292  
  Keywords MMV4, Benefits Estimation, Recreational demand, Regional Park  
  Abstract (down) The Euganean Hills Regional Park is a hilly area of about 180 square kilometres that rises isolated in the central Veneto plain. It was established in 1989 but there is no data available on the number of visitors, and economic benefits for the local economy and for the visitors. With the aim of estimating visitor flow, a telephone survey was conducted. A sample of 309 families living on the Veneto and Emilia Romagna plain was interviewed. In order to estimate the visitors’ expenditure, a subsequent in-person survey was made on site. The research highlighted that the Park, with 168 visits per hectare per year, is probably the most frequently visited of the Veneto Region. Also the expenditure of the daily visitors (4.025 euros per hectare per year) and the recreational benefits (837 euros per hectare per year) are much greater than in the other Regional Parks of a similar size.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1018 Serial 2630  
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Author Colas, S.; Fitton, M.; Thaxter, P., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title The progress project: the dynamics of involving the public in managing Peri-Urban Forests Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 165-168  
  Keywords MMV4  
  Abstract (down) The EU Forest Action Plan gives special emphasis to the benefits of Urban and Peri-urban forests for public recreation and as an aid to public understanding of conservation issues. At the same time forest and green recreation is being promoted in national agendas because of perceived therapeutic benefits. This strong promotion of forest recreation has re-kindled the concerns that recreation use would damage the resource and have major detrimental impact on biodiversity. The PROGRESS project, which focussed on two peri-urban forests in England and France, offered the opportunity to review these issues.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 962 Serial 2602  
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Author Buckley, A., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Right or responsibility? Local people as ‘visitors’ in protected areas on the south coast of Western Australia Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 363-367  
  Keywords MMV4, Australian protected areas, local people, passive and active nature-based recreation, remote areas  
  Abstract (down) The environmental impact of local people recreating in nature is an under-studied aspect of protected area management. A recent review of nature-based recreation was undertaken in regional south-western Australia. Surrounded by an array of protected areas — including a national park with World Heritage status — the local residents of this remote Western Australian location have relatively unrestricted access to a variety of protected landscapes. A recent mineral resources boom in Western Australia has heralded a return to mining in the area, accompanied by a considerable population increase — both as itinerant and permanent miners. For local people and environmental managers alike, this influx has raised concerns about the carrying capacity of this fragile ecosystem to sustain the wilderness recreation activities of the newly arrived mining community. This paper draws on evidence gathered from a study commissioned by the regional environmental authority and outlines the extent to which local people, both long term and recent arrivals can be considered ‘visitors’ to these protected places.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1048 Serial 2645  
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Author Shapochkin, M.; Kiseleva, V., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Monitoring of Recreation-Affected Forest Stands in the National Park Losiny Ostrov Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 59-64  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract (down) The effect of recreation on the forests of National Park Losiny Ostrov located within the boundaries of Moscow is examined. The methods of monitoring of recreation-affected forest stands are represented, and the preliminary results of their application for the revealing of the most damaged forest areas are discussed. Some practical measures are suggested in order to redistribute visitor flows across the territory of the most visited part of the national park.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 428 Serial 2277  
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Author Goossen, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Smart monitoring visitors National Parks Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 240-241  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract (down) The Dutch government is reintroducing policy for the 20 National Parks. The aim is to develop the National Parks into a strong brand. The reason behind it is the claim that a National Park contributes to the regional economy. There is a clear need from the managers of National Parks to understand how that contribution works. Insights from the external factors, combined with information about its current users and stakeholders and market research data will help the manager, but also local enterprises to choose relevant target markets. There is therefore a need for the development of a tool that brings the benefits of a National Park in a simple, affordable and reliable manner. The tool consists of Key Performance Indicators (KPI). Key Performance Indicators will determine how well the National park is meeting its objectives (Wearing & Schweinsberg, 2016).  
  Call Number Serial 3934  
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Author Kadijk, H., Bergsma, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The Dutch and German Waddencoast: Similar but different. An entrepreneurial context Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 199-200  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract (down) The Dutch and German Waddencoast belong to the international Waddensea area, which was assigned the status of World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2009. Cross-border comparison shows both areas have similar natural resources, however show different developments where tourism is concerned. While along the German coast artificial beaches, marinas and campsites are represented, these tourism assets are less matured along the Dutch Waddencoast. Empirical evidence shows that the natural and cultural resources of a destination constitute only a comparative advantage of a tourist area: they are a necessity but not a sufficient condition for being competitive (Cracolici & Nijkamp, 2009). Hence, if these resources do not provide an answer in explaining the difference in tourism development between Germany and the Netherlands, explanations should be sought elsewhere. Moscardo (2014) emphasized on the complex pattern of governments, entrepreneurs and other actors within the process of community development and called for a need to understand the interplay between tourism and other community activities. This research paper focuses on the interplay between tourism entrepreneurs and their environment. The purpose is to understand the difference in tourism development along the Dutch and German Waddencoast by exploring the meanings, feelings and beliefs German and Dutch tourism entrepreneurs attach to their environment.  
  Call Number Serial 3921  
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Author Suchet, A. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title From canyoning to agritourism and cultural tourism. The diversification in lower or mid-altitude ski resort, French Alps Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 113-114  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract (down) The diversification of tourist activities in small, low altitude resorts has long been a major concern for these locations, especially since the 1990s . Compared with their high-altitude counterparts, many such resorts might be considered as intrinsically more diversified, benefiting from both a summer and winter season. A number of examples may be used to explore the issue of diversification in more detail as well as some of the problems it poses.  
  Call Number Serial 4075  
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Author Perrin-Malterre, C., Chanteloup, L., Gruas, L. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Perceptions and behavior of winter sports participants in Regional Natural Park of Bauges Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 300-302  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract (down) The development of ski touring and snow shoeing has led to an increasing human presence in mountains in wintertime. Wintertime is a difficult time for wildlife, due to rough weather conditions that cause animalsdifficulty to move and higher energy expenditure at a time where food is scarce.Yet, territory managers have very few data concerning the perception of wildlife by visitors. In addition, their impact (extensive travelling, displacement of feeding and resting areas)on wildlife is difficult to quantify. A research program has been led on the Bauges mountain range in order to deal with these issues. As local managers became interested in the impact of winter recreational activities, the Regional Natural Park got involved in the campaign « Respect to Protect » to promote a more respectful visitor behaviour.Thus, a partnership was set up with EDYTEM lab in order to get a better understanding about these visitors, their types of practice and their perceptions. .  
  Call Number Serial 3953  
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Author Kajala, L.; Konu, H.; Mikkola, J.; Neuvonen, M.; Tapainen, M.; Tyrvainen, L., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Exploring trends of visitation: 20 years of visitor monitoring in Finnish national parks Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 258-259  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract (down) The demand of nature-based tourism and recreation has increased due to changes in society, leisure, urbanization, and increased awareness of the health benefits of nature, and during the COVID-19 pandemic destinations such as national parks and protected areas have become even more popular (e.g. Haukeland et al. 2021; Rikkonen et al. 2020). The steady growth during the last decade can be identified also from the increased number of national park visits in Finland (see Figure 1). The growing numbers of visitation, combined with the increase in park hectares, place pressures for management, especially as customer needs and preferences have become increasingly diversified. Gaining visitor insight – identifying growth trends and changes in visitor profiles – is essential for the quality of management in national parks. The purpose of this study is to gain a broader view on the development and trends of visitor motivations, activities, and demographics during the last 20 years. More detailed examination is also made in four park categories.  
  Call Number Serial 4314  
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