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Author Sidder, S.; D'Antonio, A.; Dinkins, J.; Monz, C.; Wesstrom, S.,
Title Exploring landscape-scale social and ecological drivers of backcountry sea kayaker campsite selection in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska, USA Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 186-187
Keywords MMV10
Abstract (down) Researchers and land managers increasingly consider parks and protected areas (PPAs) to be integrated social-ecological systems. To apply social-ecological concepts to recreation research in PPAs, researchers must incorporate both social and ecological factors into research on the drivers of recreation behaviors. This research presents one approach for incorporating social and ecological drivers, at the landscape-scale, into a behavioral analysis by applying movement ecology concepts to understand drivers of campsite selection among backcountry sea kayakers in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve (GLBA).
Call Number Serial 4284
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Author Miller, A.; Blahna, D.; Leung, Y.; Morse, W.; Rowland, M.,
Title The recreation ecosystem: A social-ecological systems application for recreation ecology highlighting wildlife Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 132-133
Keywords MMV10
Abstract (down) Research outside the recreation ecology field investigates the benefits of natural ecosystems on recreationists, benefits of recreation on the protected ecosystems in which it occurs, and negative impacts of ecosystem components on recreation. Other, less common explorations apply ecological concepts to understand recreation opportunities, activities, and behavior. However, empirical research investigating relationships between social and ecological systems in the recreation context within the same research project (e.g. DAntonio et al. 2013) are sparse. A recent review of the recreation ecology literature revealed this scarcity, with only 3.4% of articles considered interdisciplinary (Sumanapala & Wolf 2019). Interdisciplinary research is critical in understanding how social and ecological systems work together in the outdoor recreation context. This gap could be addressed through development of a framework for interdisciplinary studies in recreation ecology.
Call Number Serial 4259
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Author De Almeida Cunha, A.; Magro Lindenkamp, T.C.; De Souza Pimentel, D.; Leung, Y.F.,
Title Recreation Ecology in Brazil: a preliminary review Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 18-19
Keywords MMV9
Abstract (down) Research on nature tourism in Brazil, are more focused on social science using qualitative methods. Quantitative or mixed-methods to monitor tourism and recreation impacts are still in an initial stage and must be stimulated. In this study, we conduct a preliminary literature review on recreation ecology in Brazil
Call Number Serial 4043
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Author Skov-Petersen, H.; Jensen, F.S.,
Title Assessing recreation in the Danish nature – present experiences, towards a future monitoring system Type
Year 2004 Publication Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 2 - Proceedings Issue Pages 58-64
Keywords MMV2, Outdoor recreation, recreational use estimates, forest preferences, general public, questionnaire, Denmark
Abstract (down) Research on Danish forest recreation reaches back to the mid-seventies. Two major surveys have been conducted: The Forest and Folk in 1975 and the Outdoor Life ’95-‘98 project. The latter was, in terms of overall objective and chosen methodology, a repetition of the first. Both surveys aimed at collection of base-line information about the recreational life and preferences of Danes and the pattern of use in the Danish nature. Both used a combination of household questionnaires – combined with verbalstatement-cards and photographs – and counting of cars combined with handing out questionnaires at parking-lots in the nature. The present paper presents and discusses the projects and campaigns of the past and looks forward, providing an outline of a future setting of a system for collection of statistical information regarding recreational use of the nature.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 292 Serial 2354
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Author Newman, P.; Manning, R.E.; Fristrup, K.,
Title Managing Soundscapes in National Parks: an adaptive management approach in Muir Woods National monument, California Type
Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 353-353
Keywords MMV4, Soundscapes, visitor-caused noise, adaptive management Muir Woods National Monument, national parks
Abstract (down) Research in national parks has begun to address the issue of human-caused noise and its resource and social impacts. This paper reports the results of a study conducted in the summer of 2007 that tested the efficacy and acceptability of management actions designed to reduce visitor-caused noise The study used an experimental or “adaptive” management” approach designed to test the effectiveness of temporal and spatial zoning to protect natural quiet in Muir Woods National Monument, California, an old growth redwood forest. The adaptive management experiment consisted of two treatments and an associated control. During all three periods, visitorcaused noise was recorded at a fixed location in the park and a visitor survey was conducted. The first treatment tested the effectiveness of a spatial zoning approach by establishing a “quiet zone” in Cathedral Grove through a series of park signs. The second treatment tested the effectiveness of a temporal zoning approach by establishing “quiet days” throughout the park through a series of park signs. The control period included neither of these treatments. Study findings indicate that both the “quiet zone” and “quiet day” treatments were effective in lowering the level of visitor-caused noise in the park as measured during the control period, and that visitors were highly supportive of these management actions.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1044 Serial 2643
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Author Farias-Torbidoni, E.I.; Morera, S
Title Optimizing the use of the Eco-counters tool. A case of study Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 429-432
Keywords MMV9
Abstract (down) Reliable data on visitor numbers, and particularly how they are distributed in time and space across these areas are key aspects to balancing conservational and recreational use (sporting and tourist use) of protected areas (Cessford & Muhar, 2003). In this sense, the increasingly popular eco-counters are a good management tool. However, the evidence has shown that the correct analysis of the output data is more difficult than is commonly expected. The purpose of this presentation is to address the problems arising from the use of these eco-counters and to discuss a possible methodology to optimize the use of this tool.
Call Number Serial 4185
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Author Rundle, S.,
Title Monitoring Low Volume Walker Use of a Remote Mountain Range: a Case Study of the Arthur Range, Tasmania, Australia Type
Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 53-58
Keywords MMV1
Abstract (down) Registration data are the major source of information about bushwalker (hiker, tramper, rambler) volumes and basic characteristics in the Arthur Range within the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area. This paper describes the problems encountered with the existing registration system and the simple and practical solutions adopted to address them.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 426 Serial 2276
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Author Corbett, J., Robles, N.,
Title Dispersed Visitation in Mexico’s Mountains: Challenges to Sustainable Management Type
Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 25-26
Keywords MMV8
Abstract (down) References to “managing and monitoring visitors” generally bring to mind the grand concentrations of visitors thronging Angkor Wat, the Coliseum of Rome, or Teotihuacan, locations that by their fame and accessibility draw large numbers from around the world. Management becomes in effect synonymous with crowd control, carrying capacity, and dealing with periodic surges in visitation related to seasonal vacation periods or other circumstances influencing visitor flow. Rarely do we think of low or sporadic flows or tourism as presenting their own challenges, particularly when institutional support and management processes themselves confront serious constraints. In this paper we examine challenges to sustainable management under conditions of emerging but minimal, intermittent visitor traffic in mountain sites where historically suchvisitation has been non-existent.
Call Number Serial 3865
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Author Evju, M.; Hagen, D.; Jokerud, M.; Olsen, S. L.; Selvaag, S. K.; Vistad, O.I.,
Title Effects of mountain biking versus hiking on trails under different environmental conditions Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 374-375
Keywords MMV10
Abstract (down) Recreational use of nature areas is increasing worldwide. All trail-based activities have a certain degradation effect on vegetation and soil, and conflicts between conservation values and recreation may occur. Controversy still exists regarding the relative impact of mountain bikers compared to hikers on trails. In Norway, mountain biking is allowed on existing, multiuse trails outside of protected areas, but within protected areas restrictions vary, whereas hiking is allowed. A governmental proposal suggests to allow for mountain biking on trails in national parks in line with hiking, but restrictions could be introduced if effects from biking are more severe than from hiking and in conflict with conservation values. For managers, knowledge about the effects of opening trails for new user groups in national parks is highly needed: will mountain biking cause other and more severe effects on trails, and thus provoke higher and other trail maintenance needs, or are effects similar to that if hikers? In this study, we investigated trail degradation from increased use of trails from hikers and ountain bikers under different climatic conditions. Two study sites were selected, one located in an oceanic climate zone and the other in a continental zone. In each site, two trails were selected, one to be predominantly used by hikers and one by mountain bikers. The trails were natural-surfaced, occurring in natural vegetation, and with a variation in topography and plant communities. We contacted local groups through different channels (personal contact, e-mails, announcements on Facebook groups) and encouraged the use of the study trails throughout the summer of 2019. Mountain bikers were informed of the designated biking trails only, and we created Strava segments that were distributed to bikers. The oceanic biking trail was used for a local Endoru race from May-August, whereas the continental trail was part of a mountain bike race in end-August. Hikers were informed of the designated hiking trails only, and we mounted information signs in each end of the trails encouraging people to take a detour.Passes were counted with TRAFx counters.
Call Number Serial 4365
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Author Kobayashi, A., Jones, T.
Title Investigating the Incident Profile of Vulnerable Climber Segments: Older Climbers in the North Japan Alps Type
Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 154-156
Keywords MMV8
Abstract (down) Recreational mountain climbing in Japan has some of the highest-participation rates in the world, but there has been a recent increase in climbing-related incidents and fatalities (OSC, 2016). From 2004 to 2013 the number of incidents across the country increased by 64%, and fatalities by 20% (Kobayashi & Jones, 2015). 47% of all incidents involved climbers aged over 60 years, with many due to falls confirming the heightened risk faced by older (non-climber) citizens (Curl et al, 2016). This paper aims to investigate these trends, and offer implications for improving risk management, by using prefectural police incident reports to examine climbers’ profile in the North Japan Alps.
Call Number Serial 3907
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Author Van den Heuvel, L.; Blicharska, M.; Blyth, S.; Ronnback, P.,
Title Monitoring recreational fishing activities: anglers attitudes towards a national catch reporting program Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 270-271
Keywords MMV10
Abstract (down) Recreational fishing activities have been facing a decline in participation rates throughout industrialized countries in recent years (Arlinghaus et al., 2015). However, many countries are now seeing a considerable increase in recreational fishing license sales as a response to the restrictions on many indoor sports and leisure activities caused by the Covid-19 pandemic (Cooke et al., 2021). Recreational fishing activities have the potential to affect fish populations worldwide, but data about actual fishing pressure is lacking in many countries. Despite the European Commissions recent call for monitoring all fishing activities (including recreational efforts), the development of monitoring programs is still moving slowly. Increased understanding of potential ecological impacts of recreational fishing, combined with the current positive participation rates, emphasize a demand for monitoring recreational fishing catches and effort.
Call Number Serial 4320
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Author Cihar, M.; Stursa, J.; Trebicky, V.,
Title Monitoring of Tourism in the Czech National Parks Type
Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 240-245
Keywords MMV1
Abstract (down) Recreational and tourist exploitation of selected parts of four Czech National Parks has been investigated since the year 1997. The article presents cross-section data from 2000. During a nine-day period in the high summer season the basic quantitative census of tourists, cyclists and cars on selected crossroads of tourist paths in the core area of national parks had been carried out and qualitative characteristics, opinions and attitudes of visitors were evaluated. Relation between socio-demographic structure of visitors and their behaviour and attitudes to conservation management activities of the national park’s Authorities was analysed using a special type of a questionnaire based on interviews with a random and representative sample of visitors. There are evident differences between various National Parks (Krkonose, Sumava, Podyji, Ceske Svycarsko) and between the attitudes of foreign visitors and Czech visitors. Investigation has been focused also on local inhabitants and elected representatives of local communities. Results are used by NP Authorities within the process of estimation of ecological and psychological carrying capacity as well as the one of appropriate indicators of sustainable development of the Czech National Parks. Monitoring will continue in the next years.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 484 Serial 2305
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Author Farias-Torbidoni, E.I., Baric, D., Mas-Alos, S., Planas-Anzano, A., Montserrat-Revillo, S., Gil, G.
Title The influence of visitor characteristic and natural park facilities on physical activity levels. A case of study Type
Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 493-495
Keywords MMV8
Abstract (down) Recreational and sport activities in protected natural areas (PNA) have increased in recent years. Protected natural areas are not only promising means to satisfy current health-enhancing physical activity (PA) recommendations, but they also are an ideal environment to promote physical activity (Bedimo-Rung et al., 2005, Mowen et al., 2012). However, few investigations have examined user characteristics and park facilities in relation to park-based PA levels or intensities. The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of PNA visitors (socio-demographic data, recreational behaviour, motivations and preferences) and PNA facilities (PA areas, supporting activities, etc.) in respect to metabolic equivalent (MET) expenditure: sedentary, light, moderate and vigorous activities. The work has prominent potential to help decision makers in developing the sound policy and managerial guidance to increase understanding about the complex relationships between user physical activity level and park amenities.
Call Number Serial 4015
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Author Nogueira Mendes, R.M., da Silva, C.P.
Title Organized mountain biking events within peri-urban protected areas. How many are too many? Type
Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 120-122
Keywords MMV8
Abstract (down) Recreational activities within Protected Areas (PA) are growing in use intensity and diversity with special emphasis in does close to metropolitan areas. This fact is related not only by the increasing numbers of practitioners but also due to modern life-styles were out-doors activities are, among others, almost synonymous of healthy lifestyles. In this paper we discuss some of the aspects that could be take into account in order to deal with such events, with special emphasis on extra use intensity that this races can represent taking as an example the development of an organized MTB event that involved 750 participants and over 150 staff members.
Call Number Serial 3897
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Author Hennig, S., Wasserburger, W.W.
Title Natural areas for everyone – What infrastructure do people with disabilities require? Type
Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 202-205
Keywords MMV8
Abstract (down) Recreational activities in the outdoors have increased remarkably. Being in nature is ever more popular in society as a whole. This also includes disabled people for whom the positive impact of outdoor recreation on well-being and quality of life is even more important than for not handicapped people. But, what kind of infrastructure is needed by disabled people to allow them accessing natural areas? How should elements be designed to be in line with disabled people’s demands? These questions are investigated in the senTour project.
Call Number Serial 3922
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Author Bihunova, M., Kutny, L.
Title Arboretum Mlynany (Slovakia) – what can we learn and experience more? Type
Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 164-166
Keywords MMV8
Abstract (down) Recreational activities are connected with the leisure time of human. They have passive or active form, individual or social mode, organised/regular or occasional way and could be realised in urban, periurban or rural environment. Rural recreation and rural tourism are important for the economic growth of rural areas and contributes to the protection and improvement of environmental values. It is based on the attractiveness of the environment and landscape. It can develop and protect cultural, historical and natural heredity of the site (Flekalová, 2015). In Slovakia, the recreational activities in the protected areas is regulated by The Act. No. 543/2002 on Nature and Landscape Protection. According to the degree of the protection, different activities could be provided on the site. Arboretum Mlynany belongs to the fourth level of Nature Protection (there is a five degree scale of Nature and Landscape Protection in Slovakia) (Štepánková et al, 2012). Signs, trails and wayside exhibits are connectors between the site and visitors. They give meaning to the experience of the moment. Effective trails and interpretative sites are important components for telling the story of a site (Gross et al, 2006).
Call Number Serial 3910
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Author Siegrist, D., Ketterer Bonnelame, L., Sijtsma, F.
Title R-Types – Development of a typology of recreationists as a base for planning and design of nature-based recreation areas Type
Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 195-198
Keywords MMV8
Abstract (down) Recreation planning is an important aspect of landscape planning. The population of densely populated urban and peri-urban areas relies on the presence of attractive nature-based landscapes close to nature and open spaces. A central aspect in the planning and design of recreation areas is the inclusion of the needs of the population. Against this background, the aim of the project “R-Types” is to assist landscape architects in planning and designing attractive recreational landscapes. First, a visitor survey will be carried out in five selected test areas in Switzerland. In parallel, an online survey will take place. Secondly, a classification of recreational areas in Switzerland is created on a qualitative basis. This enables to assign specific recreation types to each class of recreational areas. Based on this, type-specific measures to protect sensitive natural areas are developed.
Call Number Serial 3920
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Author Cole, D.N.,
Title The significance of recreation impacts: The importance of scale Type
Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 53-53
Keywords MMV4, Recreation ecology, special scale, ecological impact
Abstract (down) Recreation managers often consider the ecological impacts of recreation to be serious problems that need to be mitigated. Conversely, protected area ecologists often consider such impacts to be trivial. Such differences of opinion result from applying divergent evaluative criteria to assessing the significance of recreation impacts. It reflects lack of attention to questions of significance and, in particular, inadequate exploration of scale issues in recreation ecology. Impacts might be considered significant if they represent a substantial loss of ecological integrity or if they are perceived by recreation users to be highly disagreeable. Although not mutually exclusive, impacts on ecological integrity and human perception provide different criteria for evaluating significance. Cole and Landres [1] propose that the ecological significance of an impact is a function of both impact and attribute characteristics. Significance increases with the areal extent, intensity and longevity of the impact and with the rarity and irreplaceability of the impacted attribute. To be significant, from the perspective of human perception, the impacts have to be noticeable. In addition, the most disagreeable impacts are one’s that result from what is considered inappropriate behavior. Given these relevant criteria, this paper explores research that can help in assessing the significance of ecological impacts and suggests which impacts are likely to be most critically important. In particular, the paper reviews what is known about the spatial scale of impacts, since this is relevant to assessing both the areal extent of impacts and how noticeable impacts are. The impacts that are most significant perceptually are often quite different from the impacts that are ecologically most significant.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 898 Serial 2571
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Author Pouwels, R.; Jochem, R.; Henkens, R.J.H.G.,
Title Criteria for scientific tools for recreation planning in nature areas Type
Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 320-324
Keywords MMV4, Adaptive management, integrating scientific tools, recreation planning, biodiversity
Abstract (down) Recreation is increasing the last decades in Northwest-Europe. Although these visitors might have a negative impact on biodiversity values, they are important for the support of biodiversity actions. Therefore a major objective for planning and managing of visitor landscapes is to avoid the negative effects of recreational use and to ensure that expectations of visitors can be afforded. Scientific knowledge and scientific tools always have and always will be important in managing recreation in visitor landscapes. However it is an illusion scientists will deliver ready-to-go answers. In this paper we will define criteria that scientific tools should meet. We will follow the arguments of Haider [1] and McCool et al. [2] that the use of knowledge and tools should be implemented in decision strategies like adaptive management and use experiences from a case study of recreation planning in the New Forest (UK). We will show that scientific tools should be flexible to adapt to local data to gain credibility and legitimacy and should be able to show which management alternative is most likely to meet recreation objectives and conservation objectives. Therefore the recreation tool has to be linked to the biodiversity tool. The scientific tools also should be useful in communication between stakeholders so they learn each other’s key processes and values and better understand the “other side of the table”. Especially because stakeholders have different views about what should or should not be considered a problem.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1030 Serial 2636
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Author Hennig, S.,
Title Going Ahead: From Visitor Monitoring to Recreational Use Monitoring – The Example of the EU Regional Recreation Area Berchtesgaden National Park / Salzburger Kalkhochalpen Type
Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 322-328
Keywords MMV3, Visitor monitoring, visitor management, recreational use, stakeholder, nature and landscape compatible recreation activities, visitor counting, recreation infrastructure, large protected areas, national park regions, workflow
Abstract (down) Recreation is an important issue for protected areas and especially for national parks where visitor numbers are growing. This can be seen as a result of the increasing interest in nature- and landscape based recreation. Consequently, there is a rising demand to manage this kind of human use accordingly. Therefore, measures must be based on well-founded data as well as widespread knowledge and understanding of recreation. Associated investigations must not only focus on visitors. Interest must also inhere to infrastructure, nature- and landscape compatible activity forms, and stakeholders. Another aspect is the need to incorporate protected areas in a larger planning framework. All too often national parks are regarded as something apart from the adjacent lands. But particularly recreation in park areas cannot be seen separately from the surroundings. By integrating all data regarding to recreation in databases and GIS, persons responsible for management-decisions can gain a comprehensive impression of this object. An according monitoring- system considering feasibility and continuation as well as the (future) workflow is worked out in an exemplary manner within the scope of the InterReg-IIIa project “EuRegional Recreational Area Berchtesgaden National Park/ Salzburger Kalkhochalpen”.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 744 Serial 2495
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Author Atik, M.,
Title Recreation impact research in Turkish Mediterranean; Studies in Olimpos- Beydaglari National Park Type
Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages 31-32
Keywords MMV5, recreation impact, Olimpos-Beyda?lar? National Park, Antalya
Abstract (down) Recreation is a pleasant activity that people realise as a function of enjoyment, relaxation and refreshing themselves. Recreational activities often take place in natural settings and could create various impacts on the natural environment. Impact is defined as an undesirable change and even the most careful visitor can cause various forms of damage such as soil compaction, alteration of plant cover, disturbance of fauna etc. On the other hand the quality of recreation activity highly depends on the integrity and naturalness of the recreation settings.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 272 Serial 2692
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Author Elands, B.; Postma, L.; Schouten van der Laan, A.
Title Future Stewards? Connection to nature starts from childhood experiences in nature areas Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 363-364
Keywords MMV9
Abstract (down) Recently, several interventions aimed at reconnecting children with nature, through real life nature experiences, have been initiated. Examples of these interventions are: the greening of children’s playing environment at nurseries, school and during leisure time and the introduction of nature experience programs for primary school children. The aim of this research is to investigate the connection of nature
Call Number Serial 4162
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Author Lupp, G.; Kasbauer, K.; Schisslbauer, J.; Kantelberg; V.; Paulet, S.
Title Perception of Forest and Forest Management by Germans and Migrants using Photovoice Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 156-157
Keywords MMV9
Abstract (down) Recently, Photovoice as a qualitative approach has received increasing attention. People take photos of features considered relevant for the respective research questions. Afterwards, individual photographers explain in semi-structured interviews why they have taken these pictures (Wang & Burris 1997, Heyman 2012). In our study, volunteer participants, both Germans and migrants (persons not having been born in Germany) walked a 4 km loop trail in the Weltwald Freising near Munich and took pictures of the forest. At the end of the walk, persons explained why they had chosen to take the respective pictures.
Call Number Serial 4089
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Author Kubo, T., Mameno, K., Tsuge, T.
Title Which local policies increase revisit intention to Amami Oshima Island, Japan? Using Best–Worst scaling methodology Type
Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 225-228
Keywords MMV8
Abstract (down) Recently, many studies have increasingly used and discussed the concept of revisit intentions. For example, Baker and Crompton (2000) have examined the relationship between revisit intentions and their satisfaction with travel. Chen and Gursoy (2001) have revealed the influence of past vacation experience on their revisit intentions. However, our previous studies conducted in Japanese recreational sites have shown that most tourists have expressed high revisit intentions. It seems difficult to identify which local polices increase revisit intentions of tourists using general questions (e.g., 5-point Likert scale questions). Based on the above backgrounds, the present study used Best–Worst Scaling (BWS) methodology to examine which local policies encourage tourists to revisit the destination. The advantage of BWS over general rating questions is to easily elicit relative importance of items such as policies for respondents because they choose one most and one least preferred item in each choice set. This advantage can give decision makers facing budget constraints useful information about local policy priorities for sustainable tourism.
Call Number Serial 3930
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Author Le Guyader, D.; Jannic, N.; Harlay, X.
Title Counting visitors in Marine Protected Areas and after ? A statistical modelling experiment to estimate the spatial and temporal distributions of recreational coastal activities Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 281-283
Keywords MMV9
Abstract (down) Recently, a three years survey on recreational shore fishing has been conducted in French MPAs during European LIFE project. This survey has been extended to other concomitant recreational activities in the “Parc Naturel Marin des Estuaires Picards et de la Mer d’Opale (PNM EPMO)” (Meirland et al., 2015). This contribution aim to estimate the distribution over time (by season) and space (by counting site) of leisure activities on the PNM EPMO territory using statistical modelling of counting data.
Call Number Serial 4134
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Author Morozova, A., Campbell, M.J.
Title Sustainable Tourism Development in Belize: A Comparison of two communities at different stages of development Type
Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 229-231
Keywords MMV8
Abstract (down) Recently Belize has implemented a National Sustainable Tourism Plan that aims to highlight Belize’s rich tourism resources while ensuring a sustainable future for tourism. Given that sustainable tourism must benefit local peoples and conserve nature it is important to understand exactly how tourism is impacting local communities.In this study we undertook an analysis of the current state of tourism in the communities of Laguna and Hopkins Village in Belize to identify: how residents perceive tourism and its impacts, the perceived economic, social and cultural effects of tourism on communities’ livelihoods and, how this relates to location, governance, and gender.
Call Number Serial 3931
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Author Pettengil, P.; Sharp, R.; Reigner, N.; Manning, R.
Title Assessing and managing trail use and endurance activities in Grand Canyon National Park, USA Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 294
Keywords MMV9
Abstract (down) Recent research at Grand Canyon National Park demonstrates that participation in endurance activities, including trail running, tends to be concentrated over a few weekends of the year (Pettengill 2017). When visitor use is concentrated like this, it can create or exacerbate impacts with potentially dramatic and lasting consequences. Impacts can be environmental (e.g., erosion, vegetation damage, contamination from human waste), social (e.g., crowding, conflict, degraded experiences), and administrative (e.g., exhausted employees, overtaxed facilities).
Call Number Serial 4139
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Author Lawson, S.; Manning, R.; Valliere, W.; Wang, B.; Budruk, M.,
Title Using Simulation Modeling to Facilitate Proactive Monitoring and Adaptive Management of Social Carrying Capacity in Arches National Park, Utah, USA Type
Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 205-210
Keywords MMV1
Abstract (down) Recent research and management experience has led to several frameworks for defining and managing carrying capacity of national parks and protected areas. The process outlined in contemporary carrying capacity frameworks embodies the principles of adaptive management. That is, management decisions are guided and adapted within these frameworks by monitoring indicator variables to ensure that standards of quality are maintained. The objective of this study was to develop a computer simulation model to estimate the relationships between total park use and the condition of indicator variables. In this way, simulation modeling might facilitate proactive monitoring and adaptive management of social carrying capacity of parks and protected areas.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 474 Serial 2300
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Author Neuvonen, M., Nummelin, T., Sievanen, T., Tuulentie, S.
Title Future prospects of nature-based recreation and tourism in Finland Type
Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 176-178
Keywords MMV8
Abstract (down) Recent changes in tourism and recreation have been driven by socio-demographic shifts, increases in disposable time and incomes, technological changes, transport developments, and emerging systems of policy and governance (Williams & Shaw 2009). In addition, population growth, urbanization and decreasing environmental quality have been identified as megatrends in tourism, recreation and leisure (Gartner & Lime 2000). The aim of this study was to identify societal driving forces and trends ofoutdoor recreation,and to capture the insights and understandingof alternative futures among the actors working in research and practice in the field of nature-based recreation and tourism in Finland.
Call Number Serial 3914
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Author Efthimious, G.; Roussou, M.
Title A survey of visiting rat to National Parks of Greece Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 423-425
Keywords MMV9
Abstract (down) Purpose of this research is to become an initial approach of trafficking in National Parks of Greece which are managed by a Management Body (MB). Our research was conducted from May to December 2017, by sending questionnaires to the M.B., to gather information for registered visitors to them for the period 2010-2016.
Call Number Serial 4183
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Author Pickering, C., Leung, Y-F.
Title What’s the latest research on mountain biking in protected areas?: Results from the special issue of the Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism Type
Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 168-169
Keywords MMV8
Abstract (down) Public use of protected areas is changing, with declines in activities such as horse riding and hunting in some locations, while others such as mountain bike riding are increasing. Mountain biking riding is popular now in a wide range of protected areas from urban parks to wilderness areas and in many countries. Such popularity energizes the discourse about how mountain biking can contribute to protected area objectives, and at what cost. There is also an increasing focus on research on social and environmental aspects of mountain biking. This interest was reflected in numerous talks on the challenges of managing and monitoring mountain biking at MMV7 (Reimann et al. 2014). Inspired by this emphasis, a special issue of the Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism was set aside to showcase the latest research on mountain biking (Pickering and Leung, 2016).
Call Number Serial 3911
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Author English, D.B.K.; Kocis, S.M.; Zarnoch, S.J.,
Title Characteristics and Use Patterns of Visitors to Dispersed Areas of Urban National Forests Type
Year 2004 Publication Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 2 - Proceedings Issue Pages 179-184
Keywords MMV2, Urban forests, use patterns, visitor perceptions, crowding, visitor characteristics, demographics, wilderness
Abstract (down) Public recreation areas near large urban centers are experiencing increasing pressure from visitation, especially in undeveloped and wildland areas that are close to expanding population centers. Understanding the use patterns, characteristics, and perceptions of recreation visitors is critical to managing these areas for maximum sustainable benefits. Of the over 120 National Forests in the United States, eighteen have been officially designated as ‘Urban’, because of their proximity to large metropolitan areas. Sixteen of these forests have designated Wilderness areas within them. This paper examines the recreation visitors to the undeveloped portions of those National Forests. Key market segments of visitors are identified with respect to demographics, residence, annual use frequency, and visit duration. In addition, visitor perceptions of crowding and safety and their relationship with visitation levels are examined.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 366 Serial 2391
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Author Selin, S.; Valenzuela, F.; Golston, J.,
Title A participatory assessment of the USDA Forest Service Southwestern Regions sustainable recreation strategy Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 164-165
Keywords MMV10
Abstract (down) Public land management agencies, both in the United States and internationally, have been challenged mightily to operationalize sustainable outdoor recreation and nature-based tourism policies and practices at a field level.  Needed are action-oriented and field-based evaluative research focused on “how” sustainable recreation is being operationalized in the field.  The purpose of this research study was to conduct a participatory evaluation of the Southwestern Region (Region 3) Sustainable Recreation Strategy (SRS) after five years of implementation.  Using both outcome-based and process measures, the study evaluated the efficacy of SRS policy/program actions and interventions in progressing towards its original goals and expected outcomes.  In addition, the study also assessed what policy/program adjustments are needed in the SRS to adapt to system and agency change and to strengthen the capacity of Region 3 Recreation Programs across the 11 National Forests.  
Call Number Serial 4274
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Author Mann, C.; Arnberger, A.,
Title Crowding in European forests: Status quo and implications for forest management and research Type
Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 67-67
Keywords MMV4, Crowding, Europe, forest recreation, methods, scales, social impacts
Abstract (down) Providing forests on a sustainable basis include knowledge about recreation quality of forest visitors and perceived impacts. While ecological impacts have been a central topic for forest recreation research, social impacts such as use-conflict and crowding were rarely investigated. This paper analyses research attempts in European forests dealing with visitors’ crowding perceptions at a first time. For data collection, the Cost Action E33 “Forest for recreation and nature tourism” network, as well as a focused literature research was used. Compared to recreation research in the United States, where crowding is a prominent topic, only 16 European crowding studies were identified since the 1980s, predominantly carried out in Central and Northern Europe. Reported crowding- perceptions ranged from 1064%. Among these, correlations between use-levels and crowding perceptions were yielded, as well as manifold significant influences of setting attributes and visitor characteristics. Most studies used a theoretical foundation oriented towards the US recreation crowding literature, but differ in their methods of measuring crowding. As a result, the use of different scales and data collection methods, restrict a nation-and European-wide comparisons. In most Southern, Eastern and several Central European countries, crowding is not recognized as an issue for forest recreation research and management. Besides less political willingness and financial constraints, general access rights to forests, and the lack of legal requirements are considered among the main obstacles of putting more emphasis on recreation crowding research. Due to the ongoing societal demands for outdoor recreation together with trends to concentrate uses on fewer paths and areas for ecological reasons crowding may be of higher importance in the future. A need for standardized crowding research is stated to gain more insights of cultural differences and commonalities. Changes of the recreation systems, its uses and users can be better recognized for a sustainable, future-oriented forest recreation management.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 910 Serial 2577
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Author Sitarz, M.; Kauzal, P.; Kot, M.; Krol, M.; Matysek, M.; Rabiasz, J.; Zieba, A.; Kozica, T. Z.,
Title Sewage management in remote protected areas: high mountain challenge Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 58-69
Keywords MMV10
Abstract (down) Protected areas around the world have to deal with the problem of tourist pressure. Providing access to the most valuable natural areas has a great impact on the environment. This task is especially difficult in the core zones of the protected areas which are remote and far from the urbanized zones. One of the many identified threats associated with the intense tourist traffic is sewage pollution (Lebersorger et al. 2010, Weissenbacher 2008, Andreottola 2003). In the Tatra National Park the problem of sewage pollution becomes more and more crucial over the years. The reason of that is gradually rising number of tourists (almost 4 million of tourists in 2019 and 2020) who visit not only tourist trails and other specially dedicated areas but also trespassing the fragile natural habitats. In mountain shelters, located in the core zone and mostly in remote areas generally biological wastewater treatment plants are used, which very often hardly deal with the enormous amount of sewage. What is more faecal contamination occurs also nearby the tourist trails. As a result this situation is causing pressure on the nature, including the pollution of streams and ponds. Around the world there are many different solutions regarding the sewage management. The aim of this research is to gather and analyse these solutions in order to recommend the best options for the protected areas, especially remote.
Call Number Serial 4224
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Author Pouwels, R.; Schmidt, A.; Foppen, R.; Van Kleunen, A.,
Title Outdoor sports, leisure and recreational activities is considered a main pressure for achieving European nature conservation targets Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 116-117
Keywords MMV10
Abstract (down) Protected areas are one of the major strategies to conserve biodiversity. Still many habitats and species occurring in these areas are under threat due to pressures from within as well as outside these areas. One of these potential pressures is disturbance by human activities like sports, tourism and other recreational activities. As these activities are increasing in most protected areas, conflicts between outdoor recreation and nature conservation have also increased. In order to take adequate measures, managers need scientific knowledge on the nature and severity of the impact of these human activities on conservation targets (McCool 2016). However, scientific knowledge is inconclusive, and often based on studies that take into account few habitats or species. In Europe the Habitats and Birds Directives (HBD) are the main nature conservation policy instruments to safeguard Europes diversity of wild plants, animals and landscapes. The aim of the HBD is to protect the most vulnerable habitats and species in Europe. Their conservation status assessed every six years according to a standard protocol. The assessments show that for many habitats and species the conservation status is still unfavourable. This unfavourable conservation status is caused by a multitude of pressures and threats. Agricultural activities and urbanization are the most frequently reported pressures and threats for both habitats and species.
Call Number Serial 4251
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Author Visintin, F., Marangon, F., Spoto, M.
Title Accounting the value4money of Marine Protected Areas Type
Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 433-435
Keywords MMV8
Abstract (down) Protected Areas (PAs) both terrestrial and marine are financed by public funds. Since the last 2014 the Italian Ministry of the Environment is asking Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) to report the public resource management and especially to assess the worth produced by MPAs at the local level. For this purpose, starting from the economic accounting, environmental benefits and costs have been valuated and integrated building the Protected Area environmental accounting model. The model approach complies with the EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020 (EU, 2011) and the Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystem Services Initiative (EU, 2014) carried out at European level aiming to promote the integration of environmental benefits into accounting and reporting systems at EU and national level. The research on which this paper reports illustrates the model highlighting what and how much value the MPAs are able to create from the money allocated by government and funding bodies. In the Methodology section, the method is outlined and the environmental accounting model is given. In the following section the results are described. The last section provides an analysis of the results and draws the conclusions.
Call Number Serial 3998
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Author Arnegger, J.; Eisenstein, B.; Job, H.; Woltering, M.,
Title Protected area labels as brands in tourism: insights from Germany Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 212-213
Keywords MMV10
Abstract (down) Protected areas (PAs) are often major tourist attractions, notably in peripheral regions. Officially awarded designations, e.g. “national park”, have been described as being important brands that can create unique selling propositions (USP) for destinations, distinguishing them from similar, but unlabeled landscapes (Arnegger, 2014). The PA label is seen as a guarantee for quality and authentic nature experiences. Officially designated PAs represent a scarce resource since official (national or international) labels are not easily, if at all, transferable and imitable (Hannemann & Job, 2003). It is often argued that certain designations, especially national parks and world heritage sites, have a superior brand identity compared to other, less-known labels such as biosphere reserves or nature parks (Reinius & Fredman, 2007; Job et al., 2005; Nolte, 2004). However, this argument appears to be based to a large degree on specific case studies and on-site surveys rather than on systematic image assessments of PA categories. The present study addresses this research gap by evaluating the strengths of different PA categories as brands in tourism in a representative panel study for the German context. We focus on the three major large-scale PA categories as defined by the German Federal Law on Nature Conservation (BNatSchG): (a) national parks, (b) biosphere reserves and (c) nature parks (“Naturparke”), all of which can play, according to their legal mandate, important roles for tourism.
Call Number Serial 4296
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Author Farias-Torbidoni, E.I.; Morera-Carbonell, S.; Dorado-Martinez, V.; Nogueira- Mendes, R.M.; Iturria, D.; Sola, M.,
Title How many is too much? A methodological approach to determining climbing carrying capacity. The case of Margalef Site – Serra de Montsant Natural Park – Spain Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 196-197
Keywords MMV10
Abstract (down) Protected areas (PA) are key territories for protecting biodiversity while also providing opportunities for human-environment interactions through recreation and tourism, activities that have generally grown all over the world. Over the last three decades, due to the improvement of materials, techniques, and methods of physical preparation, one of the recreational/sports use that has increased considerably in PA has been Climbing that has reached unpredictable popularity and technical levels, increasing pressure and impacts over natural and fragile environments. The Montsant Natural Park, located in the westernmost of the Catalan Pre-littoral range, within the Priorat region, is a special rocky territory with five differentiated climbing areas among which Margalef stands out by being a well known internationally climbing spot with over 1500 routes. This PA that occupies 9.242 hectares, received nearly 166.000 visits in 2020, of which almost 55% concentrated in Margalef area (Farias, Morera & Dorado, 2019). To manage visitation and nature conservation, several carrying capacity frameworks have been developed over the last decades considering all its environmental, social, and economic factors but only a few attempts have been made to operationalize this concept and to transform it into a management tool (Manning 2002). This paper aims to present an adaptation of Cifuentess Touristic Carrying Capacity (Cifuentes,1992), widely applied in the context of trails, to the climbing routes.
Call Number Serial 4288
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Author Farias-Torbidoni, E.I.; Morera, S.; Martinez, V.D.; Cahill, S.; Casas, J.O.S.; Navarro, M.N.; Gaston, I.R.; Moya, M.D.,
Title Changing visitor influx during the covid-19 pandemic. The case of Serra de Collserola Natural Park, Barcelona. Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 106-107
Keywords MMV10
Abstract (down) Proper and effective management of public use in protected natural areas (PNA) is closely linked to having an updated diagnosis of their state. The duty to conserve, implicit in these kinds of areas, requires having sufficient information to justify decision-making. According to Leung et al. (2015), Cessford & Muhar (2003), between a long list of authors, three basic kinds of data need to be considered: 1) the influx of visitors, understood as the total number of users who visit the PNA annually; 2) the recreational, sports and tourist use of the area, which summarizes the number and distribution of user-visits, including the characterization of the different activities carried out during visits; and 3) the profile of the user-visitors. In the case of peri-urban PNAs, such as the Serra de Collserola Natural Park (SCNP), which is also a Natura 2000 Special Area for Conservation (SAC), this kind of information is even more necessary and relevant due to the intense pressure these sites tend to experience, not only in terms of visitor influx but also in terms of the diversity of uses that occur there and also considering their importance from a nature conservation perspective.
Call Number Serial 4247
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