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Author Hornigold, K., Lake, I., Dolman, P. pdf  url
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  Title Modelling use of forest recreation routes, an application for woodlark (Lullulaarborea) conservation Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 157-160  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract During the 20th century large parts of the UK were afforested to provide a strategictimber reserve (Peterken, 1993, pg. 85). Afforestation of open habitatsreduced the extent of unimproved grasslands, heathlands and wetlands, with consequent declines in associated species. To mitigate these impacts the UK Forestry Standard (Forestry Commission 2011) recommends a minimum 10% open space. In Thetford Forest (18,730 ha)the Forestry Commission is wideningverges along 278 km oftrackway to increaseopen habitat(current extent 7.1%) and createan ‘Open Habitat Network’ (OHN)to enhance habitat and population connectivity for rare and protected species(Armour-Chelu et al. 2014).In the present study we model recreational flow throughout theThetford Forest trackway networkto estimate DEs h-1on all elements of the proposed OHN. From estimatedthresholdsfor woodlark we quantify the number of trackway elements in the OHN unlikely to be colonised and therefore the potential loss of conservation benefit due to recreation. This tool is then used to assess mitigation through access point closure.  
  Call Number Serial 3908  
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Author Graefe, A., Blair, J.C.E., Ferguson, M., Mowen, A. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Using Photo Elicitation to Understand Hiker Perceptions of Energy and Communication Related Development Along the Appalachian Trail Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 152-153  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract As a result of a growing population, the demand for energy and communication related development has increased. Development needs inadvertently fall within boundaries or cut-through protected areas (i.e., national park units). Understanding impacts resulting from energy and communication related infrastructure development on an individual’s recreational experience is important to resource management agencies such as the National Park Service (NPS). Specifically, with eight power-lines stretching over 2,000 miles through six states associated with the Appalachian Trail (AT), understanding the impact of energy and communication related development is of increased concern. The purpose of this presentation is to provide results of a photo-elicitation study conducted with AT users in conjunction with the NPS and Appalachian Trail Conservancy (ATC) to determine hiker perceptions towards various energy and communication related infrastructure.  
  Call Number Serial 3906  
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Author Rupf, R., Karlen, B., Wyttenbach, M. pdf  url
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  Title The rocky path – defining a trail and route network for a new national park: Case study Parc Adula, Switzerland Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 148-151  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Switzerland has the oldest national park in Central Europe and in the Alps – the Swiss National Park in the Engadin Valley. Established in 1914 and with an area of 170 km2, the park is well known, and has strict but well accepted rules for visitors (Backhaus and Rupf, 2014). The Swiss National Park is not classified as a National Park, but as a Strict Nature Reserve category Ia (IUCN). It only consists of a core area without a buffer zone. In 2007 the legal basis for new protected areas in Switzerland including national parks (IUCN category II) was established. This was the beginning of several initiatives to launch new national park projects. One of them is Parc Adula (see Figure 1), situated in the south eastern part of Switzerland, with a total area of 1,250 km2 and a core zone of 145 km2 (12 %). Parc Adula is part of the territory of two different cantons and authorities (Grison and Ticino). In addition, Parc Adula is home to three different languages and cultures (Italian, Romansh and German), with about 16,000 residents in 17 communities. The land drops from the highest peak, Piz Adula, from 3,402 m to 349 m, and different biogeographical regions are therefore represented.  
  Call Number Serial 3905  
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Author Bizarro, S., Nogueira Mendes, R.M., Santos, T., Juliao, R.P. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Monitoring Outdoor recreation in Serra da Estrela Natural Park, Portugal Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 140-142  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Using the information made available by new technologies and social networks specialized in this segment, the study proposes, based on Voluntary Geographic Information (VGI), the development of planning tools for an efficient characterization of this reality. The methodology intends to study, through an analysis of the available voluntary information, the users’ preferences towards the trail system of Serra da Estrela Natural Park (PNSE). The study results will contribute to the definition of standard criteria used in the design of a trail network, optimized according to the users’ profile and preferences.  
  Call Number Serial 3903  
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Author Hupka, J., Czachs, C., Hruby, S., Brandenburg, C. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Gathering information about leisure and recreational activities in an open landscape setting Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 143-145  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract A non-profit organisation, which is responsible for the conservation of a protected area, has commissioned the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna with the collection of data about visitor activities in an area, which is particularly valuable in terms of nature conservation. The data collection should take place within the framework of several master’s theses. Information about visitor numbers as well as the different types and intensities of recreational activities the visitors practice on the semi-aridgrassland had been the main focus of the monitoring. Besides the allowed leisure and recreational activities, also the prohibited practices and behaviours, such as driving on the semi-aridgrassland by bike or walking dogs without a leash, should be captured.  
  Call Number Serial 3904  
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Author Skriver Hansen, A. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Introducing visitor produced pictures as a strategy for studying and monitoring visitor experiences in outdoor recreation management Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 137-139  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Visitor monitoring is an invaluable tool and source of information in recreation planning and management (Kajala et al. 2007). Traditionally, monitoring activitiesinvolve investigations on visitor numbers, profiles and spatial behavior, which is used for overview and information purposes. Unfortunately,monitoring activities that involve acquiring information about visitor experiencesare rarely prioritized by managers (Elands & Marwijk 2008). This is problematic, especially because recreation management “includes managing both material and symbolic […] landscapes” (Hall et al. 2013, p. 122). This is also emphasized by McCool (2006), who states that the state-of-art in visitor experience management needs improvement and that studying visitor experiences can be a way for managers to go beyond what he calls ‘superficial’ monitoring, which is monitoring efforts with a focus on visitor statistics only. Consequently, it is important thatvisitor monitoring efforts are not narrowed down to numbers and figures only, but also include detailed information about the details and specifics of various visitor experiences (McCool 2006). Indeed, it is an essential part of what has been referred to as experienced-based management, where securing and monitoring of high quality experience opportunities is put forward as a crucial part of area planning and management processes (Bushell& Griffin 2006).  
  Call Number Serial 3902  
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Author Kajala, L., Karoles-Viia, K. pdf  url
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  Title Long term visitor monitoring in protected and recreational areas – results from Finland and Estonia Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 134-136  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Parks & Wildlife Finland (P&WF) is a unit of Metsahallitus that manages Finland’s national parks and other state-owned protected and recreational areas. Estonian State Management Centre (SFMC) is responsible for managing the Estonian state forests and providing opportunities for outdoor recreation in state forests and protected areas. Both agencies have monitored protected and recreational area visitors with similar methodology for more than ten years, P&WF Finland since year 2000 and SFMC since year 2002 (Metsahallitus 2016a, Metsahallitus 2016b, Karoles & Maran 2014). When visitor information is gathered with uniform and systematic visitor monitoring methods across areas and time, it provides invaluable possibilities for comparisons (Hornback & Eagles 1999, Kajala et al. 2007). This paper examines international visitor information, comparing national level visitor monitoring statistics from Estonia and Finland.  
  Call Number Serial 3901  
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Author Van den Berg, J. pdf  url
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  Title Online visitor monitoring in Dutch nature reserves and National Parks Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 130-133  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The Netherlands is a delta area and is a haven for a large share of the European habitats. Out of roughly 200 European habitattypes the Netherlands houses almost 50 habitattypes on just a very small part of Europe that is densely populated. Staatsbosbeheer – commissioned by the government – manages a considerable share of all nature reserves and National Parks in the Netherlands. Staatsbosbeheer is promoting outdoor-recreation at as many sites as possible. We had to collect – in a very short time – data regarding our visitors per site. As we are provincial organised the data had to be collected likewise. We wanted to do this for a great number of the most visited sites per province. The collection of the data had to be uniform and without any effort for our local rangers. So we decided to perform online visitor research.The data we wanted to collect should be usuable in ranking our most visited sites and had to increase our knowledge of visitors as well. The key performance indicators we decided to collect regarding each individual nature site were meant to form an objective set of data leading to insights that informs our decision-making.  
  Call Number Serial 3900  
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Author Latosinska, B., Brandenburg, C., Czachs, C., Muhar, A., Grabowski, M., Sobanska, E., Pikus, A., Rothert, M., Taczanowska, K. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Social media dynamics affecting differences between online and on -site surveys: First findings from a case study in the Tricity Landscape Park, Poland Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 126-129  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Managers of parks and forestshave to optimize the allocation of resources to provide new recreational infrastructure and maintain the existing one.In order to successfully managerecreationalareas and to gain realistic view on actual visitation levels as well as visitors’ needs and expectations, it is necessary to find reliable and effective tools and methods for visitor data collection and analysis(Kajala et al., 2007,Cessford, Muhar, 2003). In recent years, the use of online surveys in outdoor recreation research as complement to traditional survey methods (on-site, mail and telephone surveys) has been significantly expanded. Comparability of data gathered from traditional paper interviewing and from online surveys is a subject of discourse in many fields of social science research (Namhun, Xiaojuan, Zvi, 2013, Dolnicar, Laesser, Matus, 2009, Yetter, Capaccioli, 2010). Personal interviewson-site survey and online survey may involve respondents with different sociodemographic profiles because of the different mode. Furthermore, both approaches differ in place and time of interviewing. On-site surveys take place during a trip in a forest and the online survey at a random moment while browsing the internet. In this setting other influencing factors may play a significant role. In outdoor recreation research sampling biases and the influence of social media dynamics on participation in online surveys and representativity of results have not yet been sufficiently researched.  
  Call Number Serial 3899  
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Author Nogueira Mendes, R.M., da Silva, C.P. pdf  url
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  Title Organized mountain biking events within peri-urban protected areas. How many are too many? Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 120-122  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Recreational activities within Protected Areas (PA) are growing in use intensity and diversity with special emphasis in does close to metropolitan areas. This fact is related not only by the increasing numbers of practitioners but also due to modern life-styles were out-doors activities are, among others, almost synonymous of healthy lifestyles. In this paper we discuss some of the aspects that could be take into account in order to deal with such events, with special emphasis on extra use intensity that this races can represent taking as an example the development of an organized MTB event that involved 750 participants and over 150 staff members.  
  Call Number Serial 3897  
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Author Hegetschweiler, T., Plum, C., Brandli, U.-B., Fischer, C., Ginzler, C., Hunziker, M. pdf  url
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  Title Physical and social aspects of forest recreation – approaches to a comprehensive monitoring Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 124-125  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Forest monitoring normally either focuses on physical aspects such as tree species, stand structure, vegetation cover, etc. or on social aspects, namely forest recreation and the relationship of people with the forest. However, especially regarding forest recreation, both the physical characteristics of the forest in which recreation takes place as well as the social aspects such as visitor preferences and behaviour play an important role. A clearer understanding of the interactions of society and forest and in particular better knowledge of the interrelation of physical forest characteristics and forest recreation would allow better managing of the forest with regard to societal needs. Physical forest characteristics are often assessed by forest inventories, for which data is normally collected from sample plots on a systematic grid across the country (Tomppo et al., 2010). In order to assess the social dimension of forest recreation, nationwide surveys are conducted in several countries on a regular basis to provide valuable information about the relationship of the population with the forest, usage patterns, motivations for forest recreation, etc. (Sievanen et al., 2008). However, there is no spatially explicit link to the physical forest, or forest characteristics are dealt with in a minor way, e.g. by using photographs without underlying physical forest data. The question arises whether National Forest Inventories (NFIs) and socio-cultural forest monitoring (usually nationwide questionnaire surveys) could be combined to explain and possibly even predict forest recreation patterns from forest-related and visitor-related data.  
  Call Number Serial 3898  
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Author Jakovic, B., Tubic, D., Baklan, R. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Touristic events as generators of visitations increase and tourism sustainability of Nature parks Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 117-119  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Increased demand and interest in outdoor recreation is an ideal opportunity for tourism development in protected areas, but also and challenge for park management to attract more visitors, meettheir needs andexpectations. Satisfying the needs as well and the expectations of the visitors, mostly lead to achieving a higher level of touristic experience which brings multiple benefits for the visited protected areas, such as increased spending, longer stay, return, recommendation etc.Seeing that the revenues from traditional government sources decreasing, tourism provides a vital source of revenues for park agencies. It also provides a key means for protected area agencies to realize their objectives relating to visitor appreciation and enjoyment (Bushell, Eagles, 2006). Anyway, the tourism development in protected areas brings not only benefits, but also the expenses, from the ecological, economical and sociocultural point of view.Ensuring that tourism contributes to the sustainable management of protected areas, it will require enhanced cooperation and partnerships among the tourism industry, governments at all levels, local communities, protected area managers and planners (Eagles et al., 2002).  
  Call Number Serial 3896  
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Author Bartoletti, C.T., Magro, T.C. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Recreational use in Natural Protected Areas: Adventure Races Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 114-116  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract This research aimed to analyse Adventure Races’ rules as well as to interview races’ organizers and athletes in search of trends in Adventure Races’ organization in Brazil. It also sought whether or not, and to which extent these organizers and adventure sports’ consumers took into consideration environmental issues and not only logistical and financial factors when choosing the location, date and rules for a race. Finally, national park managers were too questioned about their professional perceptions towards the positive and negative impacts that Adventure Races had or may have on their work areas. Based on the information gathered from these tree stakeholders the final goal was to aid the establishment of better management actions focused on developing Adventure Races so that they will better meet the demands in public use and the objectives of conservation in natural protected areas.  
  Call Number Serial 3895  
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Author Milentijevic, N., Valjarevic, A., Vukoicic, D., Cimbaljevic, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title GIS Technology and Spatial Analysis of Geo-cultural heritage in the Municipality of Prokuplje (Serbia) Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 111-112  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The idea to protect the geo-cultural heritage of Serbia dates its institutional beginnings in the 1950s. In the middle of nineties, start systematic valorization of cultural heritage and Natural objects. The special place of conservation and geo-cultural protection belongs to the municipality of Prokuplje. The municipality of Prokuplje situated in the south region of Central Serbia, surrounding by mountains of Jastrebac, Radan and part of Kopaonik. Populations, manufacturing capacity and communications are concentrated in the valley of Toplica (in the town of Prokuplje), but mountain hinterland still lost demographic potential. These are the main reasons of not enough affirmation in the area of a municipality. The surface area of the municipality of Prokuplje is 759 km², which is only 0,8 % of the total area of Serbia. In this paper were marked most important geo-sites (epigeny of river Toplica, pseudo-cave Pasjacko kale) and objects of cultural heritage (Church St. Prokopije, Latin Church, and the medieval upper town Hameum). With using GIS technology we determined the dispersion of cultural objects on the territory of the municipality. The special view can be in creating virtual web map of geo-space. The analysed results represent a quality basis for data storage in digital form which in significance and more detailed touristic valorization of the geo-cultural potentials of the municipality in the future period.  
  Call Number Serial 3894  
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Author McArdle, K., Walden-Schreiner, C., Edwards, M.B., Leung, Y-F., Seekamp, E., Duerden, M., Blank North, G. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Evaluating Youth Conservation Corps Trail Improvement Projects: Sampling & Data Collection Protocols Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 108-110  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract This poster highlights the project’s first phase: development and implementation of a standardized trail assessment. This tool employs accessible measures appropriate for participants who may have limited data collection experience, is applicable to a diversity of landscapes worldwide, and is adaptable to other types of programs besides conservation. The tools developed through this collaboration are being implemented by corps members and staff during and after improvement projects. Using a comprehensive and standard methodology, the evaluation will provide corps and their partners with valuable information to use in communicating their outcomes, identifying opportunities for program growth and improvement.  
  Call Number Serial 3893  
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Author Folmer, A. pdf  url
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  Title Wildlife and flora and the valuation of green places: a comparison between local and national green places in the Netherlands Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 104-107  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract In my study, wildlife and flora were defined as all species that can be encountered in the Netherlands. From another version of the Hotspotmonitor (version 1.9, in Folmer, Haartsen, Daams and Huigen, in press), it was found that locally, relatively common animal species are found attractive (e.g. Highland cattle, deer, waders, hedgehogs, ducks, frogs, dragonflies, rabbits, fish), whereas nationally, charismatic, and large wildlife are mentioned most often (e.g. wild boars, foxes, seals, and badgers). With regard to flora in local and national green places, the differences are less profound, locally, trees are mentioned most frequently, whereas nationally, heather is on first position. For both green places at local and national level, plants, flora, flowers, and more specifically orchids, are also mentioned as reason for attractiveness (Folmer et al.,in press).  
  Call Number Serial 3892  
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Author Marinoski, N., Nestoroska, I. pdf  url
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  Title Spatial-planning aspects of tourism development in the protected area Jasen Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 102-103  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The aim of this paper is to present the spatial-planning aspects for tourism development of protected area Jasen, that is multipurpose area, and has potentials different tourism types, through identifying the following: specific characteristics of tourism and geographical position of Jasen as a tourist value, and as a factor of tourism development, differentiation of locations with specific developmental resources that can be included successfully in the tourist offer, place and role of Jasen in tourism development of Republic of Macedonia, interactive connection of Jasen with other tourist area on national and international level, principles, criteria and indicators of sustainable development of tourism, and differentiation of different types of tourism and activities that can be developed in relation to the spatial and functional characteristics of Jasen and its differentiated localities.  
  Call Number Serial 3891  
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Author Rechcinski, M., Pietrzyk-Kaszynska, A., Olszanska, A., Peek, B., Cent, J., Grodzinska-Jurczak, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Is PPGIS always an effective management tool? Reflections based on the Tatra National Park case study Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 99-101  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The presented study, realized within the LINKAGE (LINKing systems, perspectives and disciplines for Active biodiversity GovernancE) project between November 2014 and February 2015, aimed to identify landscape values of Tatra district in Poland. The whole project was to improve biodiversity governance in Poland and Norway by developing innovative protocols and technologies for biodiversity governance. In order to meet that challenge, we used the same carefully designed Internet-based PP GIS application in the socio-ecological context of three national parks: Jotunheimen and Saltfjellet–Svartisen NP in Norway and Tatra NP in Poland (Brown et al. 2015). Both the case studies and adopted methodology were selected to maximise possibility of further comparisons of the results – all the sites were of high-mountain character and protected as national parks. The PPGIS application was based on a tool already widely-used worldwide (see landscapevalues.org for further references) which additionally suggested its broad applicability. The tool uses points as spatial representations of the measured variables. Thus, the mapping exercise required from the respondent to place several markers on the provided basemap to inform about a) landscape values, b) preferred activities and c) unpreferred activities connected to certain places. The task was identical in both Polish and Norwegian applications.  
  Call Number Serial 3890  
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Author Udas, E., Sacher, P., Mayer, M., Meyerhoff, J., Haider, W. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Towards a carbon-neutral university: Assessing the recreational value of a university forest and the tradeoffs with other ecosystem services Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 92-95  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract In our research, we aim to assess tradeoffs and synergies between major forest ecosystem services for designing a decision support tool that provides anoptimal forest management strategy to offsetunavoidable carbon emissions of the EMAU (Figure). As tradeoffs between forest recreation and carbon offsetting were largely unknown for the EMAU forests due to lack of informationon public preferences, it was necessary to conduct visitor monitoring and recreational preference surveys.  
  Call Number Serial 3888  
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Author Kaprova, K., Melichar, J. pdf  url
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  Title Modelling the recreation demand for natural areas in the Czech Republic Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 96-98  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The contribution aims at modelling of recreation demand for large natural areas in the Czech Republic using a discrete choice model based on McFadden´s random utility framework. Our application encompasses 27 recreation areas, including national parks and large protected landscape areas. The main interest of the analysis is to determine which environmental attributes of recreation sites (such as land cover, type or structure of vegetation or forest type) drive the demand for outdoor recreation, employing the recreation demand model, it is further possible to disentangle the implicit recreation value that visitors associate with particular sites and particular environmental characteristics of the area.  
  Call Number Serial 3889  
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Author Gulic, J., Struc, S., Debeljak Sabec, N. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Monitoring of disturbances in the natural environment on Pohorje Mountain (Slovenia) Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 89-91  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract This paper deals with the monitoring of disturbances (motorized vehicles, snowmobiles, bikes) in the natural environment on Pohorje Mountain range (Slovenia) and presenting implemented activities dealing with visitor management in the area. Activities were carried out through the project SUPORT – Sustainable Management of Pohorje area (EEA Financial Mechanism and Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2009-2014 in Slovenia, EEAG 4300-346/2014, Y2015-2016) and transferring management planning process into ongoing project LIFE TO GRASLANDS – Conservationand management ofdrygrasslands in EasternSlovenia (LIFE 14 NAT/SI/000005).The project focusedtowards efficient management and monitoring of Natura 2000 sites. One of the work packages of the project included zoning of space on the appropriateness of human activity in the natural environment.With Ferro-magnetic sensors, we have monitored disturbances in the natural environment. The sensors tracked the frequency of disturbances in the natural environment and on forest roads, where traffic is only permitted for forest management  
  Call Number Serial 3887  
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Author Jodlowski, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Management strategies for outdoor recreation in Central European high-mountain national parks Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 86-88  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract High-mountain ranges are unique features of the landscape in Poland, Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Slovakia and Slovenia. They are also one of the main tourism destination in the respective countries. Traditional outdoor activities i.e. mountaineering and alpine skiing are extremely popular there although in the last two decades new forms of outdoor sports and recreation have gain significant importance, e.g. ski-touring, rock climbing, mountain biking and other (see Zinser 1995). There is a broad knowledge of tourism impact on mountain environment in general (e.g. Rixen, Rolando 2013) but various management strategies and regulations are applied in response to this impact (Eagles et al. 2002, Manning, Anderson 2012, Mason 2005).  
  Call Number Serial 3886  
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Author Cimbaljevic, M., Milentijevic, N. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title ICT in promoting and interpretation in protected areas – example of Serbian national parks Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 82-83  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract In recent years, the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the environment protection and promotion has attracted great attention. ICT can improve the understanding of environmental issues in humans, as well as their political implications. In research, ICT application is generally considered as a way to use this technology for the benefit of the environment. Today, communication processes are strongly associated with the use of Web 2.0 tools, working on desktop computers and mobile devices. Such advantages and challenges of modern ICT’s are quite relevant for large protected areas (e.g. national parks). Nonetheless, destination success depends on its capacity to create and promote the competitive tourism product according to preferences and requirements of potential and existing demand. For these purposes, in addition to ICT’s, geographic information systems (GIS) play an important role.  
  Call Number Serial 3885  
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Author Stankov, U., Klauco, M., Vujicic, M.D., Vasiljevic, Dj., Dragicevic, V. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title National parks are going social? An exploratory study of former Yugoslav countries on Facebook Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 79-81  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Many national parks (NP) and other organizational structures for environmental protection recognized growing popularity of Facebook and this topic is gaining importance since it is attracting more and more academic and practitioner attention. Still, this process is uneven in different parts of the world. This paper examines level of adopting and current practices of Facebook usage by the NPs in former Yugoslav countries (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, FYR Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia) to seek for common practices, good examples or pitfalls. In most cases, NPs can be seen as tourist destinations and consequently, parts of parks managing structures can act as destination management organizations (DMOs). Therefore, this research proposes and adopts the use of common methodology for assessing destination management organizations Facebook Pages in order to explore the level and form of acceptance among NPs.  
  Call Number Serial 3884  
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Author Peric, M., Krsmanovic, Z.M., Markovic, S., Krsmanovic, S. pdf  url
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  Title Protected Areas in the Function of Tourism Improvement in Western Serbia Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 77-78  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The basic condition for tourism development is healthy and unpolluted environment with its natural and cultural values. Opportunities for tourism development in a certain area are more favorable in conditions when environment is better preserved and more attractive. On the other hand, there are polluted, degraded and devastated landscapes that cannot be returned to primarily state. In recent years, in many developed countries across the Europe, the great attention has been devoted to sustainable development of tourism and the preservation of the environment at the same time. It is assumed that integration of protected areas and their role in the tourism offer of Western Serbia will be improved on the basis of examples, experiences and knowledge of developed countries. The concept of sustainable development implies a balanced economic, social and cultural development without compromising the environment. So, it can be concluded that sustainable tourism has a long-term benefits and effects.  
  Call Number Serial 3883  
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Author Mayer, M., Woltering, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The recreational value of German national parks – consumer surplus analyzed with travel cost models Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 74-76  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract National parks (NLP) provide several ecosystem services like biodiversity and habitat protection, but also regulating and supporting services as well as cultural services like recreation and spiritual functions. Existing research about cultural ecosystem services of German NLP often focus on economic impact studies proving their role as major tourism attractions in rural areas (Job et al. 2016, Mayer & Job 2014, Woltering 2012). However, these studies only offer an incomplete view of the willingness to pay for recreation in NLP as they rely solely on the onsite expenditures of visitors while the travel and time costs to reach the parks are not considered. This paper presents the preliminary results for the recreational value of 14 out of 16 German NLP. The recreational value is determined using travel cost models (TCM). Although well established and criticized for years (Ward & Beal 2000), theseare its first applications to German NLP.  
  Call Number Serial 3882  
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Author Bergsma, M., Kadijk, H. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Tourism Markers for National Parks – The Case of the Netherlands Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 72-73  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract In the Dutch nature conservation tradition and the management of National Parks, the focus has mainly been on nature protection, education and research. In other countries the NP’s have much more economic value for consumers and entrepreneurs (Van der Windt, 2012). Especially well established parks attract overnight visitors which spend money on accommodation and food in the surroundings of the national Park (Mayer et al, 2010). So tourists who are on holiday and visit a National Park in a particular country, are of economic value for the management of the protected area and local residents and gateway communities (Thomas, Huber & Koontz, 2015, King et al, 2012). In many regions National Parks and other protected areas have become an important attraction and play an important role in destination development (Reinius and Fredman, 2007). Such attractions are very important for the development of a tourism destination and the major motivator for tourists to travel to a certain destination. Effective marketing of the heritage values of the attractions will enhance revenue streams from tourism (King et al, 2012). A technique to build visitor awareness about the heritage values, is to present the tangible and intangible elements of the National Park prominently, consistently and repeatedly throughout the customer journey. This is not only important for the visitor experience but also for building positive beliefs and behaviours among decision makers, local inhabitants and tourism businesses (King et al, 2012).  
  Call Number Serial 3881  
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Author Stamenkovic, I., Pantelic, M., Stojanovic, V., Ivkov, M., Lazic, L. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Attitudes of the Government and Non-Government Sectors Towards Development of Ecotourism in Protected Natural Areas in Autonomous Province of Vojvodina (Serbia) Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 66-69  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Each country tends to create a tourism policy and thus leads the planning and management of tourism development. Researchers opinion on the economic impact of the global ecotourism economy are different and some of them believe that ecotourism is developing faster than the tourism industry as a whole, and that this proportion is more than 20% of the world tourism market. When it comes to the development of ecotourism most responsible factor is the government that provides the funding and the ability to create favorable circumstances for the control and knowledge of how the private sector could work effectively. The development of ecotourism in Vojvodina should be aligned with the expected results of the Twinning Project SR07-IB-EN-02 – Strengthening the administrative capacity of protected areas in Serbia – Natura 2000. The ultimate goal of the project was to create an ecological network of NATURA 2000 in the Republic of Serbia. That would improve the preservation of endangered species and their habitats and raising awareness on the protection of natural heritage as well as increasing the capacity to implement legal standards for the protection of nature.  
  Call Number Serial 3880  
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Author Kan, E., Oljaboy, S., Inna, R., Jens, W., Rustam, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title A New Concept for Sustainable Natural Resources Management in Uzbekistan: The Case of the Lower Amudaryastate Biosphere Reserve Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 64-65  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The Project “Ecosystem based land and forest management of the tugai habitats of Amudarya river for improving livelihood of local communities and as adaptation strategy to climate change (Uzbekistan/Turkmenistan)” financed by the German Federal Ministry of Development and Economic Cooperation (BMZ) is implemented between 2015 and 2017 by NGO KRASSin Uzbekistan and research institute under the Ministry of Nature Protection in Turkmenistan in partnership with the Michael Succow Foundation for the Protection of Nature(Germany). The project addresses a sustainable, climate- and site-adapted management of natural resources in the Amudarya River, thereby improving the livelihood of the people in the target region and the environmental capacity of the floodplain natural space.  
  Call Number Serial 3879  
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Author Sorensen, H., Moreno, M., Leppe, A. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Stakeholders to the Rescue Biosphere Reserve in the Chilean Andes Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 57-60  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract A multi-stakeholder approach with particular emphasis on the involvement of local communities were to be implemented that should foster dialogue, integrate cultural and biological diversity, and demonstrate sound sustainable development practices and policies based on research and monitoring,and finally the area should act as a site of excellence for education and training. Now five years after the declaration, formal public assessment and monitoring of the management efforts hasn’t been put in place, hence this presentation of an Impact Evaluation that aim toproduce an overall evaluative judgment about the significance of the declaration of the Biosphere Reserve in addition to descriptions of possible changes will be reported.  
  Call Number Serial 3877  
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Author Arnegger, J., Schaaff, C., Gokhelashvili, R. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Supporting Georgia’s Protected Areas: Linking Conservation and Local Development Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 61-63  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract According to Aichi target 11 of the Convention on Biological Diversity, the global network of protected areas (PAs) shall be extended to cover 17% of all terrestrial areas by 2020. Internationally, progress has been achieved, with PAs now covering 12.5% of all terrestrial land. Challenges remain: Notably developing countries still lack both capacity and financial resources to adequately set up and manage PA systems, a gap that requires continuous commitment of international donors (di Minin & Toivonen, 2015). In this regard, approaches that aim to reconcile conservation and poverty reduction have been increasingly common in recent years: Between 1980 and 2008, almost three quarters of the total international aid allocated for biodiversity conservation was targeting “mixed” projects that explicitly addressed both ecological and economic objectives (Miller, 2014). This contribution presents one such project, the Support Programme for Protected Areas in Georgia (SPPA), and introduces the local context and existing challenges.  
  Call Number Serial 3878  
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Author Gokita, R., Kadowaki, M., Terasaki, T. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Effectiveness of Consensus-Building Methods Using Sustainable Tourism Indicators in the Collaborative Management of Japan’s National Parks: A Case Study of the Oku-Nikko Area in Nikko National Park Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 53-56  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Japans national parks are organized based on a regional land designation system that is not tied to land ownership or limited to the public use of the area. These areas are home to a significant number of people (600,000 people across 32 parks). Therefore, it is necessary for park management to accommodate the local residents daily living, economic activities, and the natural areas’ protection and use. Based on these circumstances, managing national parks appropriately requires building a consensus among and striving to win the cooperation of a variety of stakeholder organizations and individuals. This is not limited to only park officials, but also residents, businesses, and visitors. In Japanese national parks, there are venues to examine individual issues and conduct liaison and coordination functions. However, these venues are extraordinarily limited with regard to which have been established as places in which the greater park system’s stakeholders can come together (Tsuchiya, 2014).  
  Call Number Serial 3876  
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Author Chazée, L., Réquier Desjardins, M., Khechimi, W. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Monitoring Recreational and Educational Services Provided by Mediterranean Wetlands: How Natural Capital Impact Human and Social Capital? Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 49-52  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Since 2011, the Mediterranean Wetlands Observatory (MWO) is a wetlands management tool of the MedWet regional Initiative (1991) working under the umbrella of the Ramsar convention (1971) and managed by the Tour du Valat Institute for Research and Conservation of Wetlands (TdV). MWO is developing its first indicator on cultural ecosystem services as an “impact” indicator to be integrated in the DPSIR (Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response) conceptual model adopted by MWO. The overarching objective of this indicator is to develop additional advocacy based on sound scientific work among local and national decision-makers as well as planners involved in development options achievement and territorial management. This indicator also intends to help site managers to adapt their services to recreational and educational visitors. It aims concretely at measuring how ecosystem services biophysical value and function of wetlands provide human and social advantages to societies.  
  Call Number Serial 3875  
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Author Selin, S. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Backbone Leadership and River Recreation Corridors: The Mon River Valley Coalition Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 44-45  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract This research employed an embedded case study approach recommended by several tourism researchers (Dredge, Hales, & Jamal, 2013, Wray, 2015). The author was familiar with the Mon River Valley Coalition having served as a program coordinator with the Monongahela River Town Program for two years. After stepping down from the program coordinator position, the author was able to use personal knowledge, social networks, and accumulated program material to conduct this embedded case study research design (Yin, 2009).  
  Call Number Serial 3873  
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Author Dehez, J., Bouisset, C., Degrémont, I. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The Contribution of Proximity-Based Analysis to Outdoor Recreation Management Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 46-48  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Managing outdoor recreation requires close coordination between stakeholders. This leads to a more complicated situation, because the majority ofstakeholders involved do not know each other well. Better integration of visitors into the management process calls for a fundamental change in the way, conceptual and practical models are designed. To this end, we propose an original analytical framework, inspired by the fields of economics and geography, based on various definitions of proximity.  
  Call Number Serial 3874  
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Author Bandeira Diniz, F.K., de Souza Pimentel, D. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Social Carrying Capacity at a Brazilian Protected Area Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 39-41  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The modern societies reencounter the nature’s social representation in protected areas. Thus, there is a new enchantment with natural environments and concepts’ redefinition (Borrie 2012). According to this social archetype, the protected areas assume this main goal of biological diversity protection and ecosystems process maintenance (Dudley 2008). But even the most conscious visitors leave marks of their presence. A possible management action to protect resources and improve the visitor experience is to limit the number of visitors by calculating the social carrying capacity. This concept it refers to the number of visitors that can be accommodated in a protected area at the same time ensuring a satisfactory experience (Boullon 1997). The objective of this paper is to present the social carrying capacity of a high visited site in a Brazilian Park.  
  Call Number Serial 3872  
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Author Lykkja, H. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Visitor Management in the West Norwegian Fjords – Bridging the Gaps between Disciplines,Sectors and Administrative Levels Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 36-38  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract A preliminary study revealed a need to develop a method for sustainable and user focused visitor management with a high degree of user participation, suitable for both small and high volume destinations. The Council for the WHS West Norwegian Fjords is the project owner, while management is under the Nærøyfjord world heritage park. Active partners are the municipalities, the travel industry, and local associations. (Lykkja and Knagenhjelm, 2014). The goal is to find a balance between preservation of important sites and giving visitors a rewarding experience, while at the same time supporting economic development. Achieving this goal will make it easier for the custodians to report to UNESCO, and to maintain the site in a sustainable manner. Research to be carried out includes customer analysis, the customer journey, local value creation and usage stress limits. We collaborate with other research projects conducted in the region.  
  Call Number Serial 3871  
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Author Haukeland, J.V., Dybedal, P., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Visitor Monitoring in a World Heritage Area – The West Norwegian Fjordsnærøyfjorden and Geirangerfjorden Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 33-35  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The two West Norwegian Fjords,Nærøyfjordenand Geirangerfjorden, were registered on the World Heritage List in 2005. TheWorld Heritage Areascomprise narrow, deep and long fjords with steep sided rock walls that are consideredarchetypical parts of the world’s fjord landscapes. Numerous waterfalls and free-flowing rivers run across forests on their way to the sea. Thefjordsrepresentunique geological values and offer anoutstanding natural beauty. Nærøyfjorden and Geirangerfjorden also include small communities as well as reminisces of shut down tiny dairy farms supplementing cultural and aesthetical values to the natural fjord landscape. Moreover, the world heritage areas also include protected landscapes and natural reserves according to the Norwegian Nature Diversity Act.  
  Call Number Serial 3870  
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Author Hunziker, M., Hubschmid, E., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Experimental Long-Term Evaluation of a Campaign to Reduce Freeriding-Wildlife Conflicts of Snow Sports Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 30-32  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The appearance of outdoor recreation activities has increased significantly all over the world (Manning & Anderson, 2012) as well as in Switzerland (Hunziker et al., 2011). This development can lead to conflicts, in particular between snow-sports participants and native wildlife populations in subalpine areas (e.g. Arlettaz et al., 2007). The Swiss and Austrian campaign “Respektiere deine Grenzen” so far successfully reduced such conflicts by positively influencingthe respective behaviour of people who engage in ski-touring and snow-shoeing by means of information and sensitization (Immoos & Hunziker, 2015). However, it has been known that one group of snow-sports participants can hardly be influenced by such information campaigns, the so-called freeriders: skiers and snowboarders who use the transport facilities of ski resorts but ride down off the ski-runs (e.g. Zeidenitz et al. 2010). Thus, a specific freerider campaign, called “"respect wildlife”", was launched in Switzerland, focussing on this group using its media and language.  
  Call Number Serial 3869  
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Author Aikoh, T., Kubo, T., Inaba, A., Shoji, Y., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The Actual Situation and the Attitude of Visitors toward Feeding of Wild Animals in the Japanese Suburban Forest Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 27-29  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract In Japan, the number of local governments prohibiting feeding of wild animals in municipal bylaw has increased recently. Feeding of brown bears, wild boars, and Japanese monkeys for recreational purposesis prohibited in some municipalities. In Sapporo City, feeding of squirrels and wild birds in the suburban forest is causing concern, and conflict with other visitors is increasing (Aikoh & Wei, 2013). The manager cannot take specific countermeasures, because feeding is not prohibited in the suburban forest. Therefore, it is becoming necessary to understand the attitudes of visitors for feeding. In this study, we investigated the actual situation regarding feeding of wild animals in a suburban forest, and visitors’ attitudes towards feeding activities, proper distance from wild animals, and the necessity of countermeasures against feeding. We aimed to propose suggestionsbased on our results for the future management of the suburban forest in Sapporo city.  
  Call Number Serial 3868  
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