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Author Thorhallsdottir, G., Olafsson, R. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Tourism seasonality in Iceland Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 351-353  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Tourism is a seasonal phenomenon even though travelling habits are changing and few destinations, usually cities, are unaffected by some kind of seasonality. School holidays and the weather in the host country are thought to be the most influencing factors for people’s decision to travel, especially during the winter time(Butler, 2001). Unpredictable weather and darkness canadd special excitement to the journey and make the destination interesting (Lundtorp et al., 2001). People are breaking free from previous holiday habits. The experiences tourists are seeking are also changing. People now want to experience something new and adventurous and have an exclusive experience(Koc and Altinay, 2007). Northern Europeans who used to spend their summer holidays on the beaches of the Mediterranean are now going further away during the summer break, and additionally taking short holidays during the winter period(Rosello et al., 2004).This diversification of travel practices is more visible in countries with cold climate and influences all parts of planning and management of tourist destinations (Baum and Lundtorp, 2001).  
  Call Number Serial 3970  
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Author Jakovic, B., Tubic, D., Baklan, R. pdf  url
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  Title (up) Touristic events as generators of visitations increase and tourism sustainability of Nature parks Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 117-119  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Increased demand and interest in outdoor recreation is an ideal opportunity for tourism development in protected areas, but also and challenge for park management to attract more visitors, meettheir needs andexpectations. Satisfying the needs as well and the expectations of the visitors, mostly lead to achieving a higher level of touristic experience which brings multiple benefits for the visited protected areas, such as increased spending, longer stay, return, recommendation etc.Seeing that the revenues from traditional government sources decreasing, tourism provides a vital source of revenues for park agencies. It also provides a key means for protected area agencies to realize their objectives relating to visitor appreciation and enjoyment (Bushell, Eagles, 2006). Anyway, the tourism development in protected areas brings not only benefits, but also the expenses, from the ecological, economical and sociocultural point of view.Ensuring that tourism contributes to the sustainable management of protected areas, it will require enhanced cooperation and partnerships among the tourism industry, governments at all levels, local communities, protected area managers and planners (Eagles et al., 2002).  
  Call Number Serial 3896  
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Author Strzelecka, M.; Grodzinka-Jurczack, M.; Rechcinski, M. pdf  url
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  Title (up) Toward recognition justice through empowerment in Natura 2000 ecotourism Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 226-228  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract This paper makes a theoretical contribution to the fields of sustainable tourism and environmental sociology by that it: 1) relates justice to empowerment from tourism in the context of post-transition economy 2) trains the focus on justice-related issues in environmental policy making in Central and Eastern Europe. By applying recognition justice perspective this work offers a problematization of the Natura 2000 decision-making and empowerment through Natura 2000 ecotourism as political issue in post-transition state.  
  Call Number Serial 4114  
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Author Taczanowska, K; Latosinka, B.; Czachs, C.; Hibner, J.; Muhar, A.; Brandeburg, C.; Rothert, M. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Toward standards for quantification of recreational use in forest areas – indicators and data collection tools applied by te State Forests National Forest Holding, Poland Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 481-483  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract The objective of the study was to create the list of indicators and to define reliable tools that can be utilized for measuring recreation use. The main focus was placed at systematic quantification of visitor loads at recreational trails.  
  Call Number Serial 4202  
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Author Udas, E., Sacher, P., Mayer, M., Meyerhoff, J., Haider, W. pdf  url
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  Title (up) Towards a carbon-neutral university: Assessing the recreational value of a university forest and the tradeoffs with other ecosystem services Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 92-95  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract In our research, we aim to assess tradeoffs and synergies between major forest ecosystem services for designing a decision support tool that provides anoptimal forest management strategy to offsetunavoidable carbon emissions of the EMAU (Figure). As tradeoffs between forest recreation and carbon offsetting were largely unknown for the EMAU forests due to lack of informationon public preferences, it was necessary to conduct visitor monitoring and recreational preference surveys.  
  Call Number Serial 3888  
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Author Rathmann, J., Sacher, P., Mayer, M., Job, J. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Trade-offs between the forest ecosystem services biodiversity and recreation: Perception and assessment of deadwood by outdoor recreationists and the general public in Bavaria (SE Germany) Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 475-477  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The present study is part ofthisproject and analyzes theinfluence of deadwood oncultural ecosystem services and their trade-offs like tourismand outdoor-recreation, but also on spiritual and emotional relations of respondents to forests as part of their place attachment and personal identity. Despite some progress in recent years this nexus has not been explored in detail and not with a multiple method research design combining quantitative and qualitative approaches. Thus, this study analyzes the impact of different amounts and arrangements of deadwood in specific forest sites on the visual preference of forest recreationists and tourists according to previous studies in that field (Edwards et al. 2012).Main goal of the research project is the assessment of the perception and valuation of forest ecosystem services by visitors, the public and other stakeholders that are related to forest management. Based on the results we seek to recommend location specific forest development options.  
  Call Number Serial 4010  
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Author Leung Ng, S.; Cheung, S.Y.; Leung, Y.F., Fang, W. pdf  url
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  Title (up) Trail degradation and organized sporting events in Hong Kong Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 288-289  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract The findings of this study point to the need for cautious permitting, planning, and management of organized sport events in protected areas with respect to event size (e.g., number of participants), trail routes, environmental conditions, and appropriate actions to contain traffic and assist in recovery. It is recommended that organized sporting events and extreme sports be regulated and trail maintenance is crucially important for keeping the protected areas in good condition.  
  Call Number Serial 4137  
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Author Reimann, M., Kerge, H. pdf  url
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  Title (up) Trail use and willingness to participate in trail management by local community of the Neeruti protected area, Estonia Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 232-234  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Beside the visitor studies in protected areas local community studies are becoming more and more relevant in the perspective of locals’ participation in trail use as well as in involvement in the management (Hughey et al 2015, Buta et al 2014, Reimann et al 2014). Neeruti Landscape Conservation area is established in 1957 with some restructuring in 1999 its area is 1313 hectars. The protected area is established to conserve unique postglacial landforms as well as forests, lakes and mires in the area. Neeruti is also included in the list of Natura 2000 areas. The area is also known as an action place of Estonian national epic, there Estonian national hero Kalevipoeg used to plow with a horse and formed the current landforms. Neeruti used to be a popular recreational area already 100 years ago when it had weekend recreation from Tallinn because of the good railway connection. In 1960s the first official nature trail in Soviet Estonia was established here. Today more marketed national parks and other protected areas have stronger popularity in Estonia and Neeruti has mainly regional importance for Laane-Viru county inhabitants. The purpose of the current study was to find out the usage and importance of the hiking trails for the local community and their willingness to contribute to the trail and visitor management processes.  
  Call Number Serial 3932  
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Author Dalley, J. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Tranquility mapping for soundscape management: From concept to reality Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 367-370  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract The search for tranquil environments is often the chief reason people give for escaping urban settings for the ‘natural’ environments of Protected Natural Areas (PNA). Over time, it became apparent to all stakeholders that both the management and monitoring mechanisms were increasingly ineffective and iniquitous in the preservation and allocation of natural soundscapes, and that a new approach was required. Following an extensive scoping study, the Tranquility Rating Prediction Tool (TRAPT) was proposed as the most appropriate solution for DOC’s future soundscape management and monitoring requirements (Watts, Pearse and Donohue, 2016).  
  Call Number Serial 4164  
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Author Dalley, J. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Tranquility mapping: A tool for the equitable allocation of soundscapes in protected areas Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 451-453  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract It is well recognised that advanced industrialised societies have become progressively ‘noisy’ over time. This has led to the health and wellbeing benefits of tranquil spaces becoming increasingly recognised – and valued – around the world. Indeed, the search for tranquil environments is often the chief reason people give for escaping urban settings for ‘natural’ environments. Tranquillity in natural environments is a combination of both ‘natural’ landscapes – and ‘natural’ soundscapes. The preservation and conservation of natural environments therefore requires the management of not just natural landscapes and ecosystems, but also their associated soundscapes. Natural soundscapes are finite: at any place and time the soundscape is 100% ‘natural’ unless affected by ‘unnatural’ human-caused sounds. Therefore, the primary challenge to preserving and conserving natural soundscapes in protected areas is the management of unwanted human-caused sound – or ‘anthropogenic noise’.  
  Call Number Serial 4003  
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Author Aikoh, T., Wang, M.; Gokita, R.; Shoji, Y. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Trends and awareness of foreign visitors in national parks – a case study of national parks Japan Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 408-410  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract What factors attract foreign visitors? Although facility improvement and diversification of services have the advantage of improving the convenience of Japanese users, there is also concern about their impact on natural resources and mismatch with the needs of foreign visitors. Thus, it is indispensable to examine the trends and needs of foreign visitors. In this study, the aim is to clarify the pattern of visits to national parks and the characteristics of foreigners visiting national parks and their needs  
  Call Number Serial 4177  
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Author Crowley, C.; Cline, S. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) U.S. Federal recreation: diverse lands, diverse agencies – comparing agency methods of monitoring visitation and estimation economic impacts Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 328-330  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract This presentation describes similarities and differences across the methodologies used by U.S. agencies to estimate visitation to recreation areas under their jurisdiction; the amount and patterns of related spending by those visitors; how this spending affects local economies in terms of economic impacts; and challenges to reporting nation-wide totals.  
  Call Number Serial 4152  
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Author Stones, R. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) UK National Marine Parks: Managing Tourism and Recreation Through A Paradigm Shift of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 206-207  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract As Stones (2018) states, ‘with so many demands on humanity to overcome social injustice and environmental degradation it does seem absurd to rely on a ‘relative’ model to progress sustainable outcomes from tourism and recreation management strategies. So, with an entirely new model of national park being proposed in the UK, how will a National Marine Park look to progress sustainable outcomes from tourism and recreational use? Will it be through a similar principle of responsibility or will it endorse a paradigm shift and look to progress a new model of responsibility? The character and style of this presentation will use the presenter’s extensive expertise in national park and tourism management to provide a conceptual framework addressing this new model of management.  
  Call Number Serial 4107  
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Author De Bie, K. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Understanding and fostering local community support for protected areas engulfed by urban sprawl Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 220-221  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract This study examined the awareness and perceptions of the conservation values of a local community living in newly developed suburbs on the southwestern urban fringe of Melbourne, Australia. The suburbsborder a series of Ramsar listed wetlands, a coastal park and foreshore reserves managed by the Victorian protected area management authority. The wetlands and coastal park in the study area have high biodiversity values, provide important habitat for a variety of fauna species, including migrating birds and support a number of different vegetation communities. Previous studies have shown that increasing urbanization has resulted in a more visitors and a subsequent rise in unauthorized activities and potentially harmful use (Antos et al., 2007).The primary aims of this study were to 1) to explorethe local communities awareness, perception, attitudes and usage of the local parksand 2) identify potential compelling messages and triggers that can influence local resident attitudes and behavior.  
  Call Number Serial 3928  
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Author Kim, H.; Shoji, Y.; Tsuge, T.; Aikoh, T.; Kuriyama,K. pdf  url
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  Title (up) Understanding the demand for ecosystem services provides by park and green spaces: using the partial profile choice experiment Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 353-355  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract The aim of this study is to identify the demand for ecosystem services (ESs) provided by parks and green spaces in Sapporo (northern Japan) using a partial profile choice experiment (PPCE), which is an application of a discrete choice experiment (DCE).  
  Call Number Serial 4159  
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Author Akashi, M.; Shoji, Y.; Aikoh, T., pdf  url
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  Title (up) Understanding the Distance Between Humans and Brown Bears That Tourists Consider Appropriate: A case Study at Shiretoko National Park, Japan Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 8-10  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract This study’s purpose was to understand distance between humans and brown bears that domestic and foreign tourists consider appropriate at Shiretoko National Park in northern Japan.  
  Call Number Serial 4040  
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Author Mamemo, K.; Shoji, T.; Kubo, T.; Tsuge, T.; Kuriyama, K. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Understanding the value of opportunities for tourist support in managing non-native invasive species Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 305-308  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract This paper examines the value of opportunities for tourist support for managing non-native invasive species while on their trip. Recently, an approach for involving the public, especially tourists, in the management of non-native species has attracted much attention. We examined the eradication program for carp and the mangrove canoe tour as a case study. In addition, this research contributes to the development of volunteer tourism.  
  Call Number Serial 4145  
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Author Verreault, C; Spence, C.; pdf  url
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  Title (up) Unplanned trail creation in Gatineau Park, Canada: engaging users in finding a sustainable solution Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 301  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract The National Capital Commission, the federal Crown corporation managing Gatineau Park, has initiated a series of consultations with over eighty user groups and adjacent communities to engage them in finding a sustainable solution. Awareness of the negative environmental and public safety impacts caused by unofficial trails was enhanced among user groups and solutions to reduce these impacts were found collaboratively and are now being implemented.  
  Call Number Serial 4143  
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Author Skar, M.; Rybraten, S.; Oian, H. pdf  url
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  Title (up) Urban, proximtate nature – how is it important in a Norwegian and multi-cultural context ? Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 161-163  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract In an ongoing study, Integrating value diversity in the assessment of urban ecosystem services from nature-based solutions in cities (SIS URBAN), one of the main objectives is to expand our knowledge about inhabitants’ engagement with diverse types of urban nature. This study is based on 280 interviews on three different areas in Oslo, addressing passers-by requested to participate in shorter interviews on the spot. The three areas span a range of green space.  
  Call Number Serial 4091  
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Author Moreira, J.C; Burns, R.C.; de Carvalho, G.K. pdf  url
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  Title (up) Use of game cameras and interviews to monitor visitors: is there crowding in the Iguaçu National Park – Brazil Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 276-277  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract  The objective of this effort was to collect data with cameras and to verify the satisfaction of the visitor and their crowding perception. The methodology involved interviews with 920 visitors and on-site data collection using a Plotwatcher camera. Camera images were collected each day, between 09h and 19h. Visitors were asked about their perception related with the number of people who were on the park at that time. The interviews took place between December 2017 and January 2018. Photos were also presented with 3 different scenarios to obtain visitors’ perceptions of the number of other visitors in the park. The three options were pictures with few people, with many people and a vast number of other people, so the visitor could answer which photo he preferred.  
  Call Number Serial 4132  
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Author Reif,U.; Rueede, D.; Petri, S.; Drossler, S. pdf  url
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  Title (up) Use of Mobile Data Application to Monitor Law Offense Cases at Black Forest National Park Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 470-472  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract Here, we present a case study of Black Forest National Park in which we customized the application CyberTracker to collect data on law offense cases. With the rise of applications on mobile devices used by park rangers to track species in a protected area, the possibility arose to use such a tracking application also for visitor monitoring.  
  Call Number Serial 4198  
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Author Burns, R.C. pdf  url
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  Title (up) Use of various of data in decision making: A transportation case study in Seattle, Washington, USA Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 269-270  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract Access to outdoor recreation settings can be defined and operationalized in many different ways, including access through transportation methods that enable people to visit recreation areas. This roundtable discussion paper focuses on understanding residents’ preferences for a potential transportation method from a major urban setting (the Seattle-Metro area) to the western, more accessible fringes of the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest (MBS), in the US state of Washington. The study involved a series of quantitative studies, focusing on MBS users and non-users.  
  Call Number Serial 4129  
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Author Pickering, C.; Chabau-Gibson, M.; Raneng, J. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Using Flickr images to assess how visitors value and use natural areas: lessons from a popular natural area on the Gold Coast, Australia Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 68-69  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract To evaluate the benefits and limitations of using Flickr images to assess visitor use and sociocultural values we are conducting research in a range of popular natural areas. This includes the Spit, an area of beaches, dunes and forest separating the ocean from a major estuary, in the rapidly growing urban city of the Gold Coast, Australia  
  Call Number Serial 4058  
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Author Monteiro, L. pdf  url
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  Title (up) Using GPS data from Web 2.0 platforms to assess informal trail network and its impacts in protected areas Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 270-272  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract VGI represent today a significant form of user-generated content compiling information about locations (e.g. places of interest), a phenomena or information (e.g. GPS tracking of bike and hiking routes), and can be stored into interactive track management services (e.g. Web 2.0 platforms) (Rinner et al., 2008). The present explores the use of GPS-based visitor tracking data organized in a Web 2.0 platform as an alternative resource to assess the spatial distribution of informal trails networks and their level of impacts in protected areas. It has is application in Arrábida Natural Park (PNA), an important protected area in Portugal, located 37 km south of Lisbon, where informal trails are a constant management concern due to a lack of a structured and formal trail system, leading to some impacts and extensive areas of disturbance.  
  Call Number Serial 3943  
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Author Graefe, A., Blair, J.C.E., Ferguson, M., Mowen, A. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Using Photo Elicitation to Understand Hiker Perceptions of Energy and Communication Related Development Along the Appalachian Trail Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 152-153  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract As a result of a growing population, the demand for energy and communication related development has increased. Development needs inadvertently fall within boundaries or cut-through protected areas (i.e., national park units). Understanding impacts resulting from energy and communication related infrastructure development on an individual’s recreational experience is important to resource management agencies such as the National Park Service (NPS). Specifically, with eight power-lines stretching over 2,000 miles through six states associated with the Appalachian Trail (AT), understanding the impact of energy and communication related development is of increased concern. The purpose of this presentation is to provide results of a photo-elicitation study conducted with AT users in conjunction with the NPS and Appalachian Trail Conservancy (ATC) to determine hiker perceptions towards various energy and communication related infrastructure.  
  Call Number Serial 3906  
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Author Lupp, G., Forster, B., Naumann, J., Honert, C., Kantelberg, V., Koch, M., Pauleit, S. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Using trigger trail cameras for visitor monitoring – Applications in Bavaria Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 277-279  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The evaluation of visitor management actions is dependent on profound data about visitor flows and visitor numbers (Clivaz et al. 2013). Stakeholders in the Urban Forest 2050 project were interested in more qualitative data to evaluate their visitor management and offers for specific target groups. Managing authorities were interested to get numbers of joggers, Nordic walkers and dog walkers, as well as prams and wheelchairs. Also user numbers of dog walkers and especially off leash dogs was considered important, since they are a source for potential conflicts with both other user groups and cause interference with wildlife. Finally, also the share of the persons reading information boards had to be assessed. A number of visitor counts and monitoring with camera-based systems have been described (e.g. Janowsky & Becker 2003). Rapid technological development has led to a wide availability of trigger trail cameras for wildlife observation at budget prices, so we opted for these cameras to test options and limitations of such cameras for visitor monitoring. Two urban proximate forests in Freising and the southwestern mountain slope of the Grunten Mountain in the southwest of Bavaria were selected as a study area.  
  Call Number Serial 3945  
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Author Arnberger, A.; Preisel, H.; Brenner, H. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Using visitor monitoring data to manage mountain biking use in the Wienerwald Biosphere Reserve, Austria Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 332-333  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract Since many years, mountain biking has been a very popular activity in the Wienerwald UNESCO Biosphere Reserve (WBR) which directly borders the city of Vienna with its 1.9 m inhabitants (Arnberger & Eder, 2007; Hirnschall et al., 2012). A monitoring of mountain-biking use was established in one of the biking hot spots to deliver information on use intensities and to test the success of the reorganization of mountain bike trails and areas.  
  Call Number Serial 4153  
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Author Norman, P., Pickering. C. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Using volunteered geographic information to assess the visitor use of parks Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 141-143  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract This type of volunteered geographic information (VGI) is starting to be used by researchers and managers to assess visitor use of parks (Senaratne et al., 2017). But which websites, what sort of information is available and what are the limitations of this type of data? We conducted three research projects to determine: (1) what types of VGI is available for different parks, (2) how does route data vary among websites, (3) how useful is this VGI for assessing visitor use across and within parks, and (4) how accurate is this data compared to trail counters  
  Call Number Serial 4084  
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Author Dimovic, D., Stefan, A., Ivanic, K.Z, pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Values and Benefits of Protected Areas as Potential for Sustainable Development Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 7-8  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Demographic change is a challenge for many remote regions in Europe when it comes to the development of long term sustainable development strategies. While large scale investments often suggest new jobs and economic growth, the possible impacts of new regional development projects on natural resources and nature conservation are neglected. As a consequence, the opportunities and threats of regional development as well as the role of nature as a capital for local economies are rarely known. On the one hand the decreasing populations offer more potential for extensive agriculture, wilderness or sustainable tourism arising from additional land-use options and on the other hand the regions are facing the challenges to enhance the attractiveness and economic prosperity. This means that innovative solutions are needed to combine sustainable regional development that builds on the potential of nature conservation and natural resource management within sustainable and resilient local economic. In order to better understand the ecologically sustainable territorial developmentthe Protected Areas Benefit Assessment Tool (PA-BAT) was used to assess the protected areas in the Balkan ecoregion an area with a rich natural and cultural heritage.The PA-BAT is a new tool developed and tested by Equilibrium Research, WWF and partners.It was the biggest ever participatory assessments of protected areas benefits at the regional level, 60 workshops held in protected areas with more than 1,200 participants. This kind of workshops are an effective way of gathering and focusing public input at the early stage of protected area management planning process, but also motivation for their continued involvement in following stages.  
  Call Number Serial 3866  
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Author Stahal Olafson, A.; Kaae, B.C.; Hjorth Caspersen, O.; Steen Moler, M.; Skov-Petersen, H.; Proestholm, S.; Sondergard Jensen, F. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) VGI crowdsourcing of recreational use patterns and experiential place value for national park planning in Denmark Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 78-80  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract This study seeks out to explore and discuss the potential of VGI approaches by triangulating findings between three PPGIS surveys with different sampling strategies, and findings from a social media VGI study of Flickr photos. Finding from all four studies are focused on a fjord landscape in a new national park situated in Roskilde, Denmark  
  Call Number Serial 4062  
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Author Gil, A.; Fonseca, C.; Nogeuira Mendes, R.; Magalhaes, M.F.; Pereira da Silva, C. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Visitation “barometer” as a tool for environmental management and awareness: the Berlengas nature reserve case study Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 200-203  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract This study aimed to: i) determine the number of visitors in Berlenga island – a baseline for carrying capacity adjustment, and ii) develop a Visitation ‘Barometer’ – a tool presented as a quality scale associated to the recreational pressure of the protected area, with the aim to provide information for management decisions and visual support to environmental awareness.  
  Call Number Serial 4105  
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Author Oian, H.; Fredman, P.; Sandell, K.; Saeforsdottir, A.D.; Tyrvainen, L.; Sondergeard Jensen, F., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Visitor influx and sustainable tourism development – paradoxes and dilemnas in the Nordic countries Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 23-25  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract Visitors’ experiences of nature attractions are at the core of the tourism industry of the Nordic countries. The main aim with this presentation is to discuss some dilemmas and paradoxes arising from the efforts of finding sustainable solutions to urgent problems caused by the rather sudden influx of tourist and the increasing variety of demands that follows from this  
  Call Number Serial 4045  
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Author Ljustina, M., Opacic, B., Vitas, B., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Visitor Management and Monitoring in Croatian Protected Areas Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 13-15  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Croatian protected areas (PAs), especially national and nature parks are often emphasised as main natural attractions in Croatia. Green Tourism Action Plan sees Croatia as a leader of tourism based on natural heritage and sets several goals for development of sustainable tourist offer within and around PAs (Ministry of tourism, 2016). In addition, different projects on national level have goals to develop tourist offer and marketing of PAs focusing primarily on nature and national parks. In recent years there is also a raise of funds available for PA visitor infrastructure, although many already have educational trails, info centres etc. Even though some PAs have high and some low numbers of visitors, most national parks, with oscillations, show growth (SINP, 2014). Since, there is a growing interest for visiting protected areas globally (IUCN, 2015), we could ask ourselves are we prepared to manage visitation?  
  Call Number Serial 3862  
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Author Stokke, K.B., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Visitor management for nature-based tourism and community development: Participation across protected area borders Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 27-29  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract In this paper, we discuss the role of the regional parks as a bridge-builder among the environmental conservation authority, municipalities and other actors in order to create sustainable synergies between tourism and community development  
  Call Number Serial 4046  
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Author Emphandhu, D. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Visitor Management forResource Conservation in Community-based Ecotourism,Thailand Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 379-381  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract KohPitakin Thailand is a small island located near Mu KohChomphon National park. Most are local fisheries.In 1992, marine resources were in crisis. The commercial fishing boats over-fished in the area close to Koh Pitak. The local people at KohPitakfinally announced conservation measures to protect marine resources and introduced community-based ecotourism (CBET) to motivate community members in resource conservation. Ecotourism at KohPitakhas become very popular that many visitors came to visit Koh Pitak, but limited resourcesand poor management has gradually created tourism impact.This paper aimed to examine how local community has applied visitor management as a tool for resource conservation and managing tourism impact.  
  Call Number Serial 3980  
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Author Lykkja, H. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Visitor Management in the West Norwegian Fjords – Bridging the Gaps between Disciplines,Sectors and Administrative Levels Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 36-38  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract A preliminary study revealed a need to develop a method for sustainable and user focused visitor management with a high degree of user participation, suitable for both small and high volume destinations. The Council for the WHS West Norwegian Fjords is the project owner, while management is under the Nærøyfjord world heritage park. Active partners are the municipalities, the travel industry, and local associations. (Lykkja and Knagenhjelm, 2014). The goal is to find a balance between preservation of important sites and giving visitors a rewarding experience, while at the same time supporting economic development. Achieving this goal will make it easier for the custodians to report to UNESCO, and to maintain the site in a sustainable manner. Research to be carried out includes customer analysis, the customer journey, local value creation and usage stress limits. We collaborate with other research projects conducted in the region.  
  Call Number Serial 3871  
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Author Haukeland, J.V., Dybedal, P., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Visitor Monitoring in a World Heritage Area – The West Norwegian Fjordsnærøyfjorden and Geirangerfjorden Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 33-35  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The two West Norwegian Fjords,Nærøyfjordenand Geirangerfjorden, were registered on the World Heritage List in 2005. TheWorld Heritage Areascomprise narrow, deep and long fjords with steep sided rock walls that are consideredarchetypical parts of the world’s fjord landscapes. Numerous waterfalls and free-flowing rivers run across forests on their way to the sea. Thefjordsrepresentunique geological values and offer anoutstanding natural beauty. Nærøyfjorden and Geirangerfjorden also include small communities as well as reminisces of shut down tiny dairy farms supplementing cultural and aesthetical values to the natural fjord landscape. Moreover, the world heritage areas also include protected landscapes and natural reserves according to the Norwegian Nature Diversity Act.  
  Call Number Serial 3870  
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Author Krzan, P., Krol, M., Zieba, S., Sitarz, M., Zwijacz Kozica, T., Zieba, A., Ziobrowski, S. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Visitor monitoring in practices. Few examples from the Tatra National Park (Poland) Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 288-289  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The Tatra National Park (TNP, south Poland) comprises the entire Polish part of the Tatra Mountains (200 km2), the highest and most western part of the Carpathians. In both polish and national parks, human activities are restricted to especially designated areas, such as hiking and skiing trails or climbing areas. The rest is protected as nature reserves, access to them is allowed only with special permit from the national park administration, however, illegal trespassing is quite common. Particularly in TNP, human influence is really high, with about three million tourists visiting the park every year (data from TNP).  
  Call Number Serial 3949  
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Author Goossen, M.; Uphus, L. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Visitors counting combining new technologies; PIR and LoRa with Arduino Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 116-117  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract The nature area ‘Het Renkums Beekdal’ in the Netherlands consists of a linear north-south valley with fringing forest on the hills to its East and West. They don’t have the financial resources to be able to use most of the currently available methods, so they therefore need new cost-effective technology that can count the visitors effectively and accurately. We therefore searched for open source methods and new techniques.  
  Call Number Serial 4076  
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Author Schagner, J.P.; Arnberger, A.; Eagles, P.F.J.; Kajala, L.; Leung, Y.F.; Spenceley, A.; Desguinet, M.; Gosal, A.; Signorello, G.; Engelbauer, M.; Bertsky, B.; Engels, B. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title (up) Visitors number for protected and nature areas: a global data sharing initiative Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 264-267  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract To fill the gap on globally available visitor statistics for nature areas, a group of researchers from around the world including the authors of this paper formed an informal research project. The researchers’ disciplinary backgrounds and interests in visitor data differ broadly. While part of the team originates in the domain of visitor monitoring, some focus on the economic impacts of nature tourism (TAPAS group), others concentrate on the modelling and mapping of cultural ecosystem services using earth observations (FAWKES-project) and again others work on nature conservation and how it may benefit from nature tourism (BIOPAMA.org).  
  Call Number Serial 4128  
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