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Author Visintin, F., Marangon, F., Spoto, M. pdf  url
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  Title Accounting the value4money of Marine Protected Areas Type
  Year 2016 Publication (down) Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 433-435  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract Protected Areas (PAs) both terrestrial and marine are financed by public funds. Since the last 2014 the Italian Ministry of the Environment is asking Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) to report the public resource management and especially to assess the worth produced by MPAs at the local level. For this purpose, starting from the economic accounting, environmental benefits and costs have been valuated and integrated building the Protected Area environmental accounting model. The model approach complies with the EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020 (EU, 2011) and the Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystem Services Initiative (EU, 2014) carried out at European level aiming to promote the integration of environmental benefits into accounting and reporting systems at EU and national level. The research on which this paper reports illustrates the model highlighting what and how much value the MPAs are able to create from the money allocated by government and funding bodies. In the Methodology section, the method is outlined and the environmental accounting model is given. In the following section the results are described. The last section provides an analysis of the results and draws the conclusions.  
  Call Number Serial 3998  
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Author Marangon, F.; Spoto, M.; Visintin, F., pdf  url
isbn  openurl
  Title Assigning economic value to natural protected areas: an environmental accounting model Type
  Year 2008 Publication (down) Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 232-236  
  Keywords MMV4, Ecosystem functions, environmental accounting, Long Term Financial Plan, natural marine reserve  
  Abstract The implementation of environmental accounting in Natural Reserves produced some significant results in terms of restrictions. First of all, environmental accounting introduced a limitation in scale, which was inapplicable on a micro scale. A second restriction concerned the physical unit measure that was used instead of a monetary unit measure. Finally, a third limitation was due to the fact that environmental accounting takes into account only costs, not environmental benefits. These three limitations led us to develop an environmental accounting model that considered resources in the Natural Reserve, both consumed and produced. The model applied to Miramare Natural Marine Reserve (Italy) aimed to supplement monetary accounting based on cost and revenue with environmental accounting which reflects not only environmental cost but also environmental revenues, i.e. environmental benefits. Environmental cost took into account anthropic presence, raw materials use, consumption of fuel for motor vehicles and heating fuel, consumption of electricity, water consumption, and administration expenses. Environmental benefits assessed ecosystem functions: gas regulation, nutrient cycling, biological control, food production, recreation, and culture. The difference between costs and benefits, both economic and environmental, represented the value produced or consumed by the Natural Reserve. The model demonstrated that the net benefit for the Reserve was approximately €654,000 covering the amount of public transfer (about €610,000) completely.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 990 Serial 2616  
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