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Author (up) Aikoh, T., Kubo, T., Inaba, A., Shoji, Y., pdf  url
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  Title The Actual Situation and the Attitude of Visitors toward Feeding of Wild Animals in the Japanese Suburban Forest Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 27-29  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract In Japan, the number of local governments prohibiting feeding of wild animals in municipal bylaw has increased recently. Feeding of brown bears, wild boars, and Japanese monkeys for recreational purposesis prohibited in some municipalities. In Sapporo City, feeding of squirrels and wild birds in the suburban forest is causing concern, and conflict with other visitors is increasing (Aikoh & Wei, 2013). The manager cannot take specific countermeasures, because feeding is not prohibited in the suburban forest. Therefore, it is becoming necessary to understand the attitudes of visitors for feeding. In this study, we investigated the actual situation regarding feeding of wild animals in a suburban forest, and visitors’ attitudes towards feeding activities, proper distance from wild animals, and the necessity of countermeasures against feeding. We aimed to propose suggestionsbased on our results for the future management of the suburban forest in Sapporo city.  
  Call Number Serial 3868  
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Author (up) Aikoh, T., Ohba, K., Shoji, Y., Kubo, T., pdf  url
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  Title Visitors’ attitudes toward introducing a new visitor management program into a brown bear habitat in Japan Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages 308-309  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 511 Serial 2955  
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Author (up) Aikoh, T., Wang, M.; Gokita, R.; Shoji, Y. pdf  url
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  Title Trends and awareness of foreign visitors in national parks – a case study of national parks Japan Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 408-410  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract What factors attract foreign visitors? Although facility improvement and diversification of services have the advantage of improving the convenience of Japanese users, there is also concern about their impact on natural resources and mismatch with the needs of foreign visitors. Thus, it is indispensable to examine the trends and needs of foreign visitors. In this study, the aim is to clarify the pattern of visits to national parks and the characteristics of foreigners visiting national parks and their needs  
  Call Number Serial 4177  
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Author (up) Aikoh, T.; Arnberger, A.; Shoji, Y.; Mieno, T., pdf  url
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  Title Comparison of motivations and crowding preferences between Austrian and Japanese urban forest visitors Type
  Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 65-65  
  Keywords MMV4, crowding, motivation, urban forest visitor, choice mode  
  Abstract Do Japanese urban forest visitors have the same crowding perceptions than European visitors? Traditionally, it has been considered that an Asian is more tolerant of congestion compared to Western people, because of their different cultural backgrounds and living conditions. However, in many Asian countries, life style has been rapidly westernized, and many Asian people travel or immigrate to Western countries. Our purpose is to investigate the differences of recreation motives and crowding preferences of urban forest visitors between Austria and Japan. We compared motivations and crowding perceptions of on-site forest visitors using the same questionnaires, asked in 2006. Visitors to the Viennese part of the Danube Floodplains National Park, Austria (N = 312) and visitors to the Nopporo Forest Park in Sapporo, Japan (N = 302) were asked to rate 15 motivation items and to choose preferred scenarios of computer-generated choice set images of a discrete choice experiment. Among 15 motivation items, a statistic significant difference was found in 14 items. Both Austrian and Japanese respondents assigned high importance scores to health and nature observation. The Austrians rated highly the motives exercise/sport, quietness and recreation, whereas Japanese visitors placed more importance on experiencing nature and family. We found four motivation factors: Landscape, Solitude, Nature and Health. Results of the choice model showed that Austrian respondents preferred less walkers and dog walkers, whereas Japanese preferred less bikers, joggers and plant pickers. Japanese visitors scored higher on nature observation, and fewer bikers are in this urban forest. Conflicts with dog walkers have been one of the main management issues in the Austrian forest. We found that visitors’ crowding preferences are related to current trail use conditions, and to their motivations. Tourism and recreation become more and more globalized, and this information about differences and similarities of visitor attitudes based on different backgrounds will be helpful for urban forest management.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 906 Serial 2575  
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Author (up) Aikoh, T.; Kikuchi, K.; Shoji, Y., pdf  url
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  Title Visitors’ attitudes to the collection of voluntary fees in national parks in Japan Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages 201-202  
  Keywords MMV5, voluntary fee, entrance fee, usage fee, visitor attitude  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 6 Serial 2768  
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Author (up) Akashi, M.; Shoji, Y.; Aikoh, T., pdf  url
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  Title Understanding the Distance Between Humans and Brown Bears That Tourists Consider Appropriate: A case Study at Shiretoko National Park, Japan Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 8-10  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract This study’s purpose was to understand distance between humans and brown bears that domestic and foreign tourists consider appropriate at Shiretoko National Park in northern Japan.  
  Call Number Serial 4040  
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Author (up) Kim, H.; Ito, R.; Shoji, Y.; Aikoh, T., pdf  url
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  Title Evaluation of crowding acceptability in national recreation area using field and web-based surveys: A case study in Shiretoko World Heritage site Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 194-195  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Crowding management is an important issue in the field of natural recreation. Our study site at Shiretoko National Park is one of Japans most popular natural recreation areas, visited by over 1 million visitors every year. Particularly in the summer season, many visitors want to observe bears, causing crowding problems. To solve these crowding issues, it is essential to determine the appropriate carrying capacity in natural recreation areas. To this end, investigating visitors crowding perceptions (crowding norms) is necessary. There are various approaches to measuring visitors crowding norms. More recently, visual approaches have been widely applied. This approach enables the identification of respondents crowding norms by asking them to identify the most acceptable level of crowding using photographs or illustrations (Manning & Freimund, 2004). As this approach uses photographs or illustrations, respondents can visibly recognize and recall the places in question (Manning & Freimund, 2004). Many studies investigating visitors crowding norms have been conducted using field and web- based surveys. However, researchers have given limited attention to explaining how crowding norms differ between fields and potential visitors. When determining the appropriate carrying capacity in natural recreation areas, it is necessary to consider both visitor types crowding norms; this paper investigates these, providing suggestions for determining the appropriate carrying capacity.  
  Call Number Serial 4287  
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Author (up) Kim, H.; Shoji, Y.; Tsuge, T.; Aikoh, T.; Kuriyama,K. pdf  url
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  Title Understanding the demand for ecosystem services provides by park and green spaces: using the partial profile choice experiment Type
  Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 353-355  
  Keywords MMV9  
  Abstract The aim of this study is to identify the demand for ecosystem services (ESs) provided by parks and green spaces in Sapporo (northern Japan) using a partial profile choice experiment (PPCE), which is an application of a discrete choice experiment (DCE).  
  Call Number Serial 4159  
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Author (up) Kubo, T., Shoji, Y., Takimoto, K., Suzuki, H., Osada, M., pdf  url
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  Title Understanding residents’ risk perceptions associated with fatal brown bear accidents: A case study in Shibetsu town, northern Japan Type
  Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal NULL  
  Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages 382-383  
  Keywords MMV6  
  Abstract NULL  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 545 Serial 2989  
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Author (up) Kubo, T.; Shoji, Y., pdf  url
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  Title Heterogeneous preferences for trekking in bear habitat: The use of latent class stated preference choice model Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages 315-316  
  Keywords MMV5, heterogeneous preferences, bear encounter, choice experiment, risk attitude  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 134 Serial 2816  
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Author (up) Mameno, K., Shoji, Y., Kubo, T., Aikoh, T., Tsuge, T. pdf  url
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  Title Estimating preferences for pricing policies in Japanese national parks using best-worst scaling Type
  Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 436-438  
  Keywords MMV8  
  Abstract The purpose of this study is to understand preferences of the general Japanese public for pricing policies in the national park system applying the best-worst scaling (BWS) approach. One remarkable feature of Japanese national parks is that the most of costs for park services have traditionally financed not by visitors but by general taxpayers. Recently, however, the Japanese government has faced a serious financial shortage, each national park faces revenue shortfalls. In the near future, we need some fundamental changes in Japanese parks system on pricing policies. We have to know general Japanese citizens’ preferences for them.  
  Call Number Serial 3999  
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Author (up) Shibasaki, S.; Onodera, S.; Aiko, T.; Tsuge, T.; Shoji, Y.; Yamaki, K., pdf  url
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  Title Current situations and issues of risk management in protected areas; A case study of the Oirase Stream Area in Towada-Hachimantai National Park, Japan Type
  Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages 229-230  
  Keywords MMV5, risk management, protected areas, visitor safety, Oirase Stream Area  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 238 Serial 2781  
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Author (up) Shoji, Y.; Yamaki, K., pdf  url
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  Title Visitor Perceptions of the Inscription on the World Heritage List: The Use of Stated Choice Methods Type
  Year 2004 Publication Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 2 - Proceedings Issue Pages 305-310  
  Keywords MMV2  
  Abstract This study examines how visitors to Daisetsuzan National Park in Japan perceive its inscription on the World Heritage List by applying stated choice methods. Most visitors regarded the inscription as favourable although their willingness to pay indicated that better visitor control and further conservation of natural resources would be necessary by taking opportunity of the inscription. However, the current situation of World Heritage sites in Japan indicates that the domestic management system of natural resources is inadequate to realize these visitor visions. We conclude that the nomination of Daisetsuzan National Park for the World Heritage List should be reconsidered, but only after the Japanese management system for natural resources has been improved.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 310 Serial 2363  
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Author (up) Yamaki, K.; Shoji, Y., pdf  url
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  Title Classification of trail settings in an alpine national park using the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum approach Type
  Year 2004 Publication Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 2 - Proceedings Issue Pages 318-323  
  Keywords MMV2  
  Abstract Considering trail settings in alpine national parks is important for both conserving nature and maximizing the quality of the experience for visitors. This study examines classifying trails in Daisetsuzan National Park, Japan, using the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum approach. A questionnaire was used to obtain data from park visitors concerning their preferences for the facility developments, accessibility, and visitor encounters. The responses were classified into four groups according to the preferences expressed for the types of trail settings. The trails were classified according to their characteristics as described by park visitors. The northern part of the park, with easier access and moderate development, was preferred by all groups, and the southern part of the park was preferred only by the those who favored more primitive surroundings.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 314 Serial 2365  
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