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	Author	More, T.A.; Manning, R.E.,
	Title	The Public Functions of Parks and Protected Areas			Type
	Year	2004	Publication	Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 2 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	294-298
	Keywords	MMV2
	Abstract	Establishing and managing protected areas throughout the world usually have been considered a governmental function. However, recent conservative political thinking in many developed countries has challenged the role of the public sector on all fronts. In Australia, Britain, Canada, and the United States, government has been seen as a problem, while private enterprise is presented as the solution. Advocates of privatization argue that park services can be provided more efficiently under private management, and that the areas themselves will be better protected for future generations. Unfortunately, such a policy can foster elitism by preserving the benefits of parks and protected areas for the wealthy while ignoring the growing social inequality in many of these countries. In this paper, I examine the concepts that underlie privatization efforts, particularly economic efficiency. I suggest that there is a need to examine the different functions that parks and protected areas serve, and to ask if each function helps to differentiate between public and private. I argue that, in the final analysis, equality of access is the primary function of public-sector management of parks and that we need to examine our policies and practices to ensure that park benefits are distributed fairly throughout society.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 306			Serial	2361
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	Author	Rupf, R., Karlen, B., Wyttenbach, M.
	Title	The rocky path – defining a trail and route network for a new national park: Case study Parc Adula, Switzerland			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	148-151
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Switzerland has the oldest national park in Central Europe and in the Alps – the Swiss National Park in the Engadin Valley. Established in 1914 and with an area of 170 km2, the park is well known, and has strict but well accepted rules for visitors (Backhaus and Rupf, 2014). The Swiss National Park is not classified as a National Park, but as a Strict Nature Reserve category Ia (IUCN). It only consists of a core area without a buffer zone. In 2007 the legal basis for new protected areas in Switzerland including national parks (IUCN category II) was established. This was the beginning of several initiatives to launch new national park projects. One of them is Parc Adula (see Figure 1), situated in the south eastern part of Switzerland, with a total area of 1,250 km2 and a core zone of 145 km2 (12 %). Parc Adula is part of the territory of two different cantons and authorities (Grison and Ticino). In addition, Parc Adula is home to three different languages and cultures (Italian, Romansh and German), with about 16,000 residents in 17 communities. The land drops from the highest peak, Piz Adula, from 3,402 m to 349 m, and different biogeographical regions are therefore represented.
	Call Number				Serial	3905
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	Author	Jaarsma, R.; De Vries, J.; Beunen, R.,
	Title	The surplus-value of a long-standing monitoring program for visitor management in the Meijendel Dunes, a recreation and protected nature area			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	285-287
	Keywords	MMV5, Traffic management, Long-term visitation, Leisure, Parking, Cycling
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 212			Serial	2804
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	Author	Ólafsdóttir, R., Rut, K., Runnström, M.,
	Title	The Use of GIS in Sustainable Tourism Planning – a case study from Katla Geopark, Iceland			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	354-355
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 532			Serial	2976
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	Author	Pouwels, R., van-der-Grift, E., Dirksen, J., Ottburg, F.,
	Title	The use of wildlife overpasses for outdoor recreation			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	106-107
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 420			Serial	2864
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	Author	Pröglhöf, R.; Muhar, A.,
	Title	The visitors’ perspective of visitor monitoring: results from two recreational areas in Eastern Austria			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	294-295
	Keywords	MMV5, visitor monitoring, acceptance, visitor survey
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 204			Serial	2807
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	Author	Wyttenbach, M., Haider, W., Pröbstl, U., Rupf, R.,
	Title	Too many people in the mountains in the winter time?			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	298-299
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 506			Serial	2950
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	Author	Trampetti, S.; Buckley, R.,
	Title	Tourism and conservation on private land in taly			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	183-184
	Keywords	MMV5, protected area, biodiversity, landscape, management
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 150			Serial	2759
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	Author	Buckley, R.,
	Title	Tourism as a Conservation Tool			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	19-25
	Keywords	MMV4, Connectivity, funding, ecotourism, wildlife
	Abstract	Tourism and conservation interact principally through public visitation to public protected areas. In addition, however, tourism can generate funding and political support for conservation in multiple-use areas, community conservancies or private reserves. These tenures are likely to prove increasingly important for conservation under growing pressure from human population growth and anthropogenic climate change. The most successful model seems to be through up-market wildlife-watching lodges in private reserves adjacent to larger public protected areas in developing countries. Private companies such as Conservation Corporation Africa and Wilderness Safaris, operating principally in sub-Saharan Africa, have developed successful business models which do also make significant net contributions to conservation of biological diversity.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 888			Serial	2566
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	Author	Gokhelashvili, R.; Gavashelishvili, A.; Javakhishvili, Z.; Azniashvili, L.,
	Title	Tourism Infrastructure Planning in Tusheti National Park of Georgia			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	74-77
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	This paper provides an example of using biodiversity information for tourism infrastructure and management planning in national parks to avoid conflicts between nature conservation, recreational goals, and other users. Within the area of the proposed Tusheti National Park in Georgia, we used field survey data of seventeen focal species within a GIS analytical environment to assess the consistency of planned management categories zoning and administrative and visitor infrastructure (including tourist trails) with biodiversity conservation requirements. A map, comprised of layers for each focal species, was overlaid onto maps of proposed zoning, infrastructure and tourist trails. Numerous conflicts in planning were detected and recommendations were made to improve zoning and infrastructure planning in the national park, and to minimize negative effects of tourism on biodiversity conservation.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 434			Serial	2280
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	Author	Thorhallsdottir, G., Olafsson, R.
	Title	Tourism seasonality in Iceland			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	351-353
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Tourism is a seasonal phenomenon even though travelling habits are changing and few destinations, usually cities, are unaffected by some kind of seasonality. School holidays and the weather in the host country are thought to be the most influencing factors for people’s decision to travel, especially during the winter time(Butler, 2001). Unpredictable weather and darkness canadd special excitement to the journey and make the destination interesting (Lundtorp et al., 2001). People are breaking free from previous holiday habits. The experiences tourists are seeking are also changing. People now want to experience something new and adventurous and have an exclusive experience(Koc and Altinay, 2007). Northern Europeans who used to spend their summer holidays on the beaches of the Mediterranean are now going further away during the summer break, and additionally taking short holidays during the winter period(Rosello et al., 2004).This diversification of travel practices is more visible in countries with cold climate and influences all parts of planning and management of tourist destinations (Baum and Lundtorp, 2001).
	Call Number				Serial	3970
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	Author	Dorado, V.; Farias-Torbidoni, E. O.; Mendes, R. N.; Morera, S.; Garriga, M.; Villanueva, M.,
	Title	Tourist carrying capacity. A turning point to a sustainable tourism model. The case of Alt Pirineu National Park – Spain.			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	56-57
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	In the last decades, the world population has increased its physical sports activities in the natural environment. According to the last Eurobarometer survey about outdoor sports, Spain figures in third place with 53% of the population claiming that have been involved in physical outdoor activities, after Finland (67%) and Austria (54%) (European Commission, 2018). As a result, there has been an increase in overcrowding in Protected Areas, which has attracted the attention in the Spanish mass media revealing the consequences that have already demonstrated in various environmental (Cole, 2008; Newsome, 2014; Pickering, 2010; Salesa & Cerda, 2020), social (Weiler et al., 2019) and security studies (Moscoso, 2004). On that point, different public and private entities requested solutions to manage overcrowding in different natural parks through the determination of the Tourist Carrying Capacity (TCC), i.e. maximum number of people who can visit an area at the same time, without damaging the physical, economic or sociocultural environment, nor cause an unacceptable decrease in the quality of visitors satisfaction (OMT, s. f.). This article aims to show the application of the Cifuentes (1992) methodology about the TCC in 17 trails of Alt Pirineu Natural Park (PNAP), within Vall Ferrera to be included in the next trail guide of the park.
	Call Number				Serial	4223
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	Author	Ólafsson, R.,
	Title	Tourist distribution in time and space: A case from the Icelandic Highlands			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	30-31
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 384			Serial	2828
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	Author	Jakovic, B., Tubic, D., Baklan, R.
	Title	Touristic events as generators of visitations increase and tourism sustainability of Nature parks			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	117-119
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Increased demand and interest in outdoor recreation is an ideal opportunity for tourism development in protected areas, but also and challenge for park management to attract more visitors, meettheir needs andexpectations. Satisfying the needs as well and the expectations of the visitors, mostly lead to achieving a higher level of touristic experience which brings multiple benefits for the visited protected areas, such as increased spending, longer stay, return, recommendation etc.Seeing that the revenues from traditional government sources decreasing, tourism provides a vital source of revenues for park agencies. It also provides a key means for protected area agencies to realize their objectives relating to visitor appreciation and enjoyment (Bushell, Eagles, 2006). Anyway, the tourism development in protected areas brings not only benefits, but also the expenses, from the ecological, economical and sociocultural point of view.Ensuring that tourism contributes to the sustainable management of protected areas, it will require enhanced cooperation and partnerships among the tourism industry, governments at all levels, local communities, protected area managers and planners (Eagles et al., 2002).
	Call Number				Serial	3896
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	Author	Aikoh, T., Wang, M.; Gokita, R.; Shoji, Y.
	Title	Trends and awareness of foreign visitors in national parks – a case study of national parks Japan			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	408-410
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	What factors attract foreign visitors? Although facility improvement and diversification of services have the advantage of improving the convenience of Japanese users, there is also concern about their impact on natural resources and mismatch with the needs of foreign visitors. Thus, it is indispensable to examine the trends and needs of foreign visitors. In this study, the aim is to clarify the pattern of visits to national parks and the characteristics of foreigners visiting national parks and their needs
	Call Number				Serial	4177
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	Author	Schaller, H., Ólafsdóttir, R., Sigurgeirsdóttir, S.,
	Title	Trends in protected area management: Policies and the reality at national parks in Iceland and Japan			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	396-397
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 552			Serial	2996
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	Author	Vaccari, F.; Baronti, S.; Magno, R.; Trampetti, S.; Giannini, F.; Raschi, A.,
	Title	TuristiCO2: a carrying capacity assessment for sustainable tourism in a park island			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	522-525
	Keywords	MMV4, Carrying Capacity, Carbon Sequestration, Greenhouse effect, Park Islands
	Abstract	Carrying capacity has been a long-standing issue in management of parks, outdoor recreation and tourism. This paper describes the first analysis concerning a project on touristic carrying capacity assessment on Pianosa, an island of the Parco Nazionale of Arcipelago Toscano, using an Eddy-Covariance tower for CO2 fluxes measurement. The preliminary results show that Pianosa represents a sink of carbon, thus actively contribute to reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1120			Serial	2681
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	Author	Van Marwijk, R.; Taczanowska, K.,
	Title	Types of Typologies – From Recreationists & Tourists to Artificial Agents			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	499-501
	Keywords	MMV3, Tourist typology, artificial agents, recreation, spatial behaviour, recreational behaviour, wilderness experience, landscape preference
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 873			Serial	2559
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	Author	Stones, R.
	Title	UK National Marine Parks: Managing Tourism and Recreation Through A Paradigm Shift of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	206-207
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	As Stones (2018) states, ‘with so many demands on humanity to overcome social injustice and environmental degradation it does seem absurd to rely on a ‘relative’ model to progress sustainable outcomes from tourism and recreation management strategies. So, with an entirely new model of national park being proposed in the UK, how will a National Marine Park look to progress sustainable outcomes from tourism and recreational use? Will it be through a similar principle of responsibility or will it endorse a paradigm shift and look to progress a new model of responsibility? The character and style of this presentation will use the presenter’s extensive expertise in national park and tourism management to provide a conceptual framework addressing this new model of management.
	Call Number				Serial	4107
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	Author	Pouwels, R.; Opdam, P.,
	Title	Uncertainties and new management strategies: solving the recreation- biodiversity conflict with local stakeholders			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	267-269
	Keywords	MMV5, adaptive management, boundary management, incomplete knowledge, unpredictability
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 104			Serial	2798
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	Author	Newman, P.; Manning, R.E.; Pilcher, E.; Trevino, K.; Savidge, M.,
	Title	Understanding and Managing Soundscapes in National Parks: Part 1- Indicators of Quality			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	198-200
	Keywords	MMV3, Natural sounds, perceptions, national parks, visitor experience
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 669			Serial	2458
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	Author	Manning, R.E.; Newman, P.; Pilcher, E.; Hallo, J.; Valliere, W.; Savidge, M.; Dugan, D.,
	Title	Understanding and Managing Soundscapes in National Parks: Part 2 – Standards of Quality			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	201-202
	Keywords	MMV3, Soundscapes, standards of quality, norms, park management, national parks
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 671			Serial	2459
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	Author	Lawson, S.R.; Plotkin, K.,
	Title	Understanding and Managing Soundscapes in National Parks: Part 3 – Computer Simulation			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	203-204
	Keywords	MMV3, Soundscapes, computer simulation, monitoring, park management, national parks
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 673			Serial	2460
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	Author	Schwarzmann, D.; Burns, R.; Andrew, R.,
	Title	Understanding recreation use at Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary: A pilot study			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	236-237
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	NOAAs Office of National Marine Sanctuaries has a long history of understanding economic expenditures in and near sanctuary settings. Users use can be profoundly productive in terms of economic activity.Many studies have documented the linkage between users use and economic gain for particular areas.A 2016 study conducted by the Department of Commerce determined the gross value of recreational fishing and boating at approximately $38 billion.Concurrently, the National Marine Sanctuary System (NMS) is estimated to support several billion dollars of economic activity each year. Nationwide, the National Marine Sanctuary system attract millions of users every year and serve as primary economic drivers in many communities. A better understanding of users use patterns and motivations would certainly increase the capacity for sustainable use and preservation of ecosystem services in these areas. The National Marine Sanctuaries Users Counting Process (NMS-COUNT) is a methodology being used to understand user expenditures at Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS) during the 2020/21 timeframe.Field sampling was originally scheduled for spring and summer 2020, relying on a variety of data collection techniques including in-person surveys and point counts of users.However, the recent development and spread of novel coronavirus COVID-19 within the U.S. and around the world has caused disruptions in travel and everyday life, including research activities.
	Call Number				Serial	4306
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	Author	Lee, J., Buerger-Arndt, R.,
	Title	Understanding the healing function of urban forests in Germany and in Korea			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	324-325
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 518			Serial	2962
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	Author	Parry, R.; Williams, S.; Watkins, J.A.,
	Title	Understanding the recreation preferences and constraints of low participation social groups			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	188-192
	Keywords	MMV4, constraints and preferences, participation, under-representation and exclusion
	Abstract	Current research has indicated that participation in informal outdoor recreation is relatively low among certain groups, such as young people, older people, women, ethnic minority groups and people with disabilities. There is pressure on policy makers and practitioners to address this apparent imbalance. This paper reviews the findings of an international literature review which highlighted that there has been a focus on ëconstraintsí rather than on ëpreferencesí, particularly in relation to participation in outdoor recreation in the UK. It would appear from the literature that there is a presumption that the main reasons for low participation are related to structural barriers (such as lack of transport) rather than a lack of understanding of the recreation preferences of non-traditional participants. This has raised the question of whether it is achievable to change the prevalent attitude amongst the countryside sector from one of ëwe expect people to want what we provideí, to one of ëwe will provide for what people wantí. Would such a paradigm shift be successful in achieving more equitable outdoor recreation participation?
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 970			Serial	2606
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	Author	Wyttenbach,M.; Rupf,R.
	Title	Urban mountain biking – multiple-uses of trails on the Uetliberg in Zurich, Switzerland			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	244-246
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3137
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	Author	Jaarsma, R.; Kooij, H.-J.,
	Title	Urban park as well as Nature 2000 area: monitoring and managing visitors and dogs			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	282-284
	Keywords	MMV5, visit volume, sampling, nature reserve, Bosjes van Poot, The Netherlands
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 210			Serial	2803
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	Author	Home, R.; Hunziker, M.,
	Title	Urban semi-public spaces: Preferences for management scenarios and measures to enhance their acceptance			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	205-206
	Keywords	MMV5, urban greening, quality of life, biodiversity, flagship species, conjoint analysis
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 260			Serial	2770
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	Author	Moreira, J.C; Burns, R.C.; de Carvalho, G.K.
	Title	Use of game cameras and interviews to monitor visitors: is there crowding in the Iguaçu National Park – Brazil			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	276-277
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	The objective of this effort was to collect data with cameras and to verify the satisfaction of the visitor and their crowding perception. The methodology involved interviews with 920 visitors and on-site data collection using a Plotwatcher camera. Camera images were collected each day, between 09h and 19h. Visitors were asked about their perception related with the number of people who were on the park at that time. The interviews took place between December 2017 and January 2018. Photos were also presented with 3 different scenarios to obtain visitors’ perceptions of the number of other visitors in the park. The three options were pictures with few people, with many people and a vast number of other people, so the visitor could answer which photo he preferred.
	Call Number				Serial	4132
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	Author	Burns, R.C.
	Title	Use of various of data in decision making: A transportation case study in Seattle, Washington, USA			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	269-270
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	Access to outdoor recreation settings can be defined and operationalized in many different ways, including access through transportation methods that enable people to visit recreation areas. This roundtable discussion paper focuses on understanding residents’ preferences for a potential transportation method from a major urban setting (the Seattle-Metro area) to the western, more accessible fringes of the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest (MBS), in the US state of Washington. The study involved a series of quantitative studies, focusing on MBS users and non-users.
	Call Number				Serial	4129
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	Author	Kiser, B.C.; Lawson, S.R.; Itami, R.M.,
	Title	Using Computer Simulation Modeling to Monitor the Multiple Dimensions of Wilderness Solitude in Great Smoky Mountains National Park			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	309-310
	Keywords	MMV3, Computer simulation, monitoring, wilderness, wilderness solitude, Great Smoky Mountains National Park
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 736			Serial	2491
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	Author	Pouwels, R.; Van Eupen, M.; Walvoort, D.; Jochem, R.,
	Title	Using GPS monitoring to develop tools for managers to assess the impact of management interventions on visitor densities and bird populations			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	336-337
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Achieving objectives for outdoor recreation as well as nature conservation in protected areas is a challenge as outdoor recreation can have nega-tive impacts on nature (Larson et al. 2016). To manage the potential conflict between outdoor recreation and nature conservation, managers often need to intervene. One of the most com-mon interventions is restricting visitors access (Hammitt et al. 2015). Although the necessity for such restrictions is easy to explain, managers need information on the effectiveness of these interventions. As visitor densities vary across pro-tected areas and the combined impact of all visi-tors is difficult to assess, managers often lack this information. Here we present an approach based on GPS-tracking and bird monitoring, managers can use to assess the impact of different access scenarios for the New Forest, UK. For most part the approach and results have been describe in Pouwels et al. (2020).
	Call Number				Serial	4349
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	Author	Lawson, S.; Manning, R.; Valliere, W.; Wang, B.; Budruk, M.,
	Title	Using Simulation Modeling to Facilitate Proactive Monitoring and Adaptive Management of Social Carrying Capacity in Arches National Park, Utah, USA			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	205-210
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	Recent research and management experience has led to several frameworks for defining and managing carrying capacity of national parks and protected areas. The process outlined in contemporary carrying capacity frameworks embodies the principles of adaptive management. That is, management decisions are guided and adapted within these frameworks by monitoring indicator variables to ensure that standards of quality are maintained. The objective of this study was to develop a computer simulation model to estimate the relationships between total park use and the condition of indicator variables. In this way, simulation modeling might facilitate proactive monitoring and adaptive management of social carrying capacity of parks and protected areas.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 474			Serial	2300
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	Author	Mendes, R. M. N.; Farias-Torbidoni, E.; Morera, S.; Dorado, V.,
	Title	Using web share services to monitor high sensitive habitats. A GIS approach to Pedraforca, Spain.			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	298-299
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Over the last decades, recreational uses in Natural & Protected Areas (N&PA) have increased largely all over the world, requiring extra efforts among staff and management teams of these territories to deal with this reality. In many places, nature conservation has somehow even been replaced by tourism management due to social and economic factors altogether with the massification of visitors. Modern lifestyles have contributed to this situation where visitation peaks concentrate within short periods such as Holy Week, summer, or winter vacations depending on local culture and social habits. Quite often these visitation peaks largely exceed any ecological or social carrying capacity becoming a delicate subject to deal with, reducing in many cases the administration of N&PA to the management of visitors crowds and traffic.One of the situations that happen due to overuse is the proliferation of trails that can lead to ecological and soil impacts from erosion, roots/bare rock exposure to changes of species, or habitat fragmentation, among others. Even in N&PA with a well-structured trails network, the proliferation of variants of trails and paths can easily happen, becoming a serious problem for managers due to its ecological impacts but also due to risk and safety issues for visitors/users. Keeping tracking and monitoring trails proliferation is a demanding task, where technology such as high-resolution imagery or digital elevation models can provide a huge help. Nevertheless, although these data sources become more affordable and widely available they might not work for all places. In this paper, we discuss the use of smart data and technologies as a potential tool to provide new insights on how to deal with this issue by taking advantage of web-share platforms and a myriad of GPS tracks – what can be acknowledged as an advantage of modern uses of N&PA.
	Call Number				Serial	4333
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	Author	Bodnár, R.,
	Title	Vandalism and its prevention possibilities in the region of Lake Balaton			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	337-342
	Keywords	MMV4, Environmental education, solution possibilities, vandalism, visitor conflicts
	Abstract	Lake Balaton – the largest freshwater lake in Central Europe – has been a favourite destination for hundred thousands of Hungarian and foreign visitors for long decades. The study area of the present paper, the Tapolca Basin that has a Mediterranean atmosphere is found on the northern shore of the lake. Nature protectional measures were able to impede mining damaging the basalt capped buttes of the basin providing scenery of European fame, however, they seem to be powerless against vandalism. Sad picture is gained while hiking on the study trails of the Balaton Uplands National Park experiencing that pointless destruction makes site tables unreadable. The main aim of the paper is to draw attention to that harmonizing current known methods and measures and applying new ideas significant improvement could be reached in protecting our natural values against vandalism at relatively low cost and with some care.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1036			Serial	2639
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	Author	Siegrist, D.; Clivaz, C.; Gessner, S.; Manz, M.; Rinkel, A.; Rupf, R.; Stumm, N.; Wernli, M.,
	Title	VISIMAN. Development of a flexible visitor management tool for national and regional natural parks			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	58-60
	Keywords	MMV5, visitor management, visitor monitoring, parks and protected areas, management tool, IT
	Abstract	Within the scope if the VISIMAN project a new ITbased tool for visitor management in national and regional natural parks will be developed. The product comprises a systembased management platform with interfaces to the four functional units: ‘visitor information’, ‘expert information’, ‘visitor monitoring’, and ‘data management’. By keeping the interfaces open, the management can be extended for other functional units and applications on demand. Visitor monitoring was implemented and counting methods advanced.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 84			Serial	2705
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	Author	Gil, A.; Fonseca, C.; Nogeuira Mendes, R.; Magalhaes, M.F.; Pereira da Silva, C.
	Title	Visitation “barometer” as a tool for environmental management and awareness: the Berlengas nature reserve case study			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	200-203
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	This study aimed to: i) determine the number of visitors in Berlenga island – a baseline for carrying capacity adjustment, and ii) develop a Visitation ‘Barometer’ – a tool presented as a quality scale associated to the recreational pressure of the protected area, with the aim to provide information for management decisions and visual support to environmental awareness.
	Call Number				Serial	4105
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	Author	Rupf-Haller, R.; Wernli, M.; Filli, F.,
	Title	Visitor Counting with Acoustic Slab Sensors in the Swiss National Park			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	72-77
	Keywords	MMV3, Visitor counting, acoustic slab sensor, Swiss National Park, walking experiments
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 602			Serial	2425
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	Author	Liechti, T.J.; Burger, T.R.; Zantop, S.A.,
	Title	Visitor Management in a Floodplain Area near Zurich			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	461-462
	Keywords	MMV3, Visitor information, visitor management, floodplain
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 845			Serial	2545
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