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Author Peric, B.; Sturm, S.; Cerkvenik, R.; Scuka, S.; Gabrovsek, F.; Sebela, S.; Mulec, J.
Title Managing visitor impacts on World Heritage Site Skocjan Caves, Slovenia Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 479-480
Keywords MMV9
Abstract Skocjan Caves is an exceptional natural site on a global scale, which is also used for tourism purposes. A balance between the two can only be provided by good knowledge of the natural characteristics of the cave and by specifying the permissible level of anthropogenic load. Our original interdisciplinary problem-solving approach can potentially influence the addressing of similar issues on a global scale.
Call Number Serial 4201
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Author Pinel, R.; Thian-Bo Moral, M.
Title Shark problematic issue in La Reunion : A sustainable monitoring of the sea territory? Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 467-469
Keywords MMV9
Abstract The object is to investigate the ecosystem and socio-system co-viability. To that extent, we focus on the monitoring of the coastal territory in La Reunion island, in the west Indian Ocean. In February 2011 began one meaningful environmental conflict in this island : the « shark crisis » (term use by the stakeholder groups). Several shark-human interactions occurred this year and have increased since. The « ordinary risk » of unexpected encounter with a squale has been built and became an « absolute risk » (Thiann-Bo Morel & Duret, 2013). Since, La Reunion island is known worldwide to be a “sharks island”...
Call Number Serial 4197
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Author de Meira Albach, V.; Cardozo Moreira, J.; Burns, R.C.
Title Methodological proposal for the analysis of the online reputation of protected areas Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 461-462
Keywords MMV9
Abstract In order to analyze the online reputation of protected areas on the TripAdvisor website, and to identify visitor’s opinions regarding satisfaction, quality and experience, categories of analysis have been defined. Three main categories are suggested: Landscape, Services and Activities. These categories encompass key aspects of analysis, with the use of keywords
Call Number Serial 4195
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Author Carvahlo, R.; Cardodo, Gil, A., Borges, P.
Title Preliminary results on evaluating and modelling impacts of recreational trails in the Azorean native forests Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 418-419
Keywords MMV9
Abstract This research program aims to allow Protected Area managers to make knowledge-based decisions for recreational impacts, and provide them with specific tools for designing a sustainable policy for recreational activities in Azores.
Call Number Serial 4181
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Author Burns, R.C.; Moreira, J.
Title Development of a systematic visitor monitoring program for Brazil Parks and Protected Areas Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 413-414
Keywords MMV9
Abstract The purpose of this study was to define the visitor profile of the Brazilian Amazon Basin using data from two different locations: The Tapajós National Forest and Anavilhanas National Park. This study also investigated satisfaction, perceptions of the number of other visitors, and methods of arriving at the protected areas.
Call Number Serial 4179
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Author Aikoh, T., Wang, M.; Gokita, R.; Shoji, Y.
Title Trends and awareness of foreign visitors in national parks – a case study of national parks Japan Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 408-410
Keywords MMV9
Abstract What factors attract foreign visitors? Although facility improvement and diversification of services have the advantage of improving the convenience of Japanese users, there is also concern about their impact on natural resources and mismatch with the needs of foreign visitors. Thus, it is indispensable to examine the trends and needs of foreign visitors. In this study, the aim is to clarify the pattern of visits to national parks and the characteristics of foreigners visiting national parks and their needs
Call Number Serial 4177
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Author Tyrvainen, L.; Neuvonen, M.; Pyky; R.; Ojala, A.; Borodulin, K.
Title Nature for physical activities promotion- role of green infrastructures in Finland Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 360-362
Keywords MMV9
Abstract This presentation discusses first results from an ongoing NatureMove -study funded by Ministry of Culture and Education investigating i) to what extent accessibility of close-to-home recreation areas affects physical activity and ii) how individuals differ in their relationship with and perception of nature that might motivate residents being physically active outdoors.
Call Number Serial 4161
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Author Aikoh, T., Gokita, R.
Title Status of, issues with, and manager attidutes toward visitor monitoring in Japans national parks Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 334-335
Keywords MMV9
Abstract Monitoring of visitor behavior and attitude is indispensable for management of protected areas, including national parks, and accurate information regarding such is thought to lead to prudent management (Cessford & Muhar, 2003). It is essential to know the number of visitors and their trends, motivation, and satisfaction. That information is useful for making decisions concerning the planning and management of parks and is essential for sustainable and appropriate use of these protected areas (Hornback & Eagles, 1999). This study aimed to clarify the current condition of visitor monitoring in Japanese national parks and to understand the issues and attitudes of park managers.
Call Number Serial 4154
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Author Firth, R.; Green, P.
Title Reconciling Traditional and Recreational Activities in the 100 Wild Islands Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 309-311
Keywords MMV9
Abstract In 2017, a multi stakeholder initiative was launched called the Wild Islands Tourism Advancement Partnership (WITAP). WITAP is a community-based project with the goal to capitalize on the eastern shore archipelago as a tourism destination. As part of the WITAP project, the Nature Trust and the provincial Department of Environment, are developing a management strategy that will provide complementary management direction on both Nature Trust and Crown land. The Nature Trust has focused community engagement for several years on gathering information on ecological and social variables, and to discuss and receive feedback on plans to acquire privately owned properties for conservation. More recently, communities have engaged with the Nature Trust to discuss possible management approaches to the 100 Wild Islands.
Call Number Serial 4146
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Author Miller, Z.D.; Freimund, W.A.; Powell, R.B.; Metcalf, E.C.; Nickerson, M.P.
Title A framework for integrating values into persuasive communication: value orientations, elaboration, and the theory of planned behaviour Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 302-304
Keywords MMV9
Abstract This presentation presents empirical findings that merge value orientations, the elaboration likelihood model, and the theory of planned behavior into a single framework. Collectively this research enhances communication for visitor use management.
Call Number Serial 4144
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Author Pettengil, P.; Sharp, R.; Reigner, N.; Manning, R.
Title Assessing and managing trail use and endurance activities in Grand Canyon National Park, USA Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 294
Keywords MMV9
Abstract Recent research at Grand Canyon National Park demonstrates that participation in endurance activities, including trail running, tends to be concentrated over a few weekends of the year (Pettengill 2017). When visitor use is concentrated like this, it can create or exacerbate impacts with potentially dramatic and lasting consequences. Impacts can be environmental (e.g., erosion, vegetation damage, contamination from human waste), social (e.g., crowding, conflict, degraded experiences), and administrative (e.g., exhausted employees, overtaxed facilities).
Call Number Serial 4139
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Author Juliao, R.P: Humanas, S.E.; Valente, M.; Nogueira Mendes, R.
Title Issues on trail runners, trail running and recreational and protected areas in Portugal Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 290-293
Keywords MMV9
Abstract Present paper delivers a tentative picture of TR in Portugal, providing the first systematic research of this recreational activity. A geographical analysis is done to the race events of 2017 and analyzed according to the trail runners profile in order to understand the main motivations and characteristics of this activity. Comprising the practitioners expectations is an important step to support land managers and decision makers to accommodate those within the main objectives of classified and protected areas – nature conservation, local and sustainable development, etc.
Call Number Serial 4138
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Author Olafsdottir, R.; Soeporsdottir, A.D.; Tverijonaire, E.
Title Environmental perception of long distance runners in the Icelandic highlands: a comparative study between 2007 and 2018 Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 285-286
Keywords MMV9
Abstract This study aims to investigate environmental issues concerning trail runners in the Laugavegur Ultra Marathon by: i) assessing runners’ perception of environmental and social issues during their run; ii) identifying and examining what environmental values are held by trail runners as a group, and investigating whether these values have changed since 2007.
Call Number Serial 4135
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Author Moreira, J.C; Burns, R.C.; de Carvalho, G.K.
Title Use of game cameras and interviews to monitor visitors: is there crowding in the Iguaçu National Park – Brazil Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 276-277
Keywords MMV9
Abstract  The objective of this effort was to collect data with cameras and to verify the satisfaction of the visitor and their crowding perception. The methodology involved interviews with 920 visitors and on-site data collection using a Plotwatcher camera. Camera images were collected each day, between 09h and 19h. Visitors were asked about their perception related with the number of people who were on the park at that time. The interviews took place between December 2017 and January 2018. Photos were also presented with 3 different scenarios to obtain visitors’ perceptions of the number of other visitors in the park. The three options were pictures with few people, with many people and a vast number of other people, so the visitor could answer which photo he preferred.
Call Number Serial 4132
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Author Burns, R.C.
Title Use of various of data in decision making: A transportation case study in Seattle, Washington, USA Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 269-270
Keywords MMV9
Abstract Access to outdoor recreation settings can be defined and operationalized in many different ways, including access through transportation methods that enable people to visit recreation areas. This roundtable discussion paper focuses on understanding residents’ preferences for a potential transportation method from a major urban setting (the Seattle-Metro area) to the western, more accessible fringes of the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest (MBS), in the US state of Washington. The study involved a series of quantitative studies, focusing on MBS users and non-users.
Call Number Serial 4129
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Author Bissix, G.; Firth, R.
Title Reconciling Smal Scale Protected Area designation with Local and Traditional Land Uses: two Nova Scotia cases Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 220-222
Keywords MMV9
Abstract European settlers established permanent settlements in Nova Scotia in 1604 substantially altering and dividing the landscape. Seventy percent was privatized into small private forests and farms with remnant Crownland generally found more remotely. More recent land expropriation by the provincial government to consolidate for national park designation in the nineteen thirties, sixties, and seventies (a failed attempt), engendered government distrust tainting later attempts to designate protected areas. Given the context of complex land use, traditional recreational uses and natural resource exploitation, protected area designation often clashes with established local practices. This paper examines two such cases, Black Point Beach /Hemeon’s Head on the South Shore and the Wolfville Watershed Nature Preserve, both in Nova Scotia, Canada
Call Number Serial 4112
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Author Stones, R.
Title UK National Marine Parks: Managing Tourism and Recreation Through A Paradigm Shift of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 206-207
Keywords MMV9
Abstract As Stones (2018) states, ‘with so many demands on humanity to overcome social injustice and environmental degradation it does seem absurd to rely on a ‘relative’ model to progress sustainable outcomes from tourism and recreation management strategies. So, with an entirely new model of national park being proposed in the UK, how will a National Marine Park look to progress sustainable outcomes from tourism and recreational use? Will it be through a similar principle of responsibility or will it endorse a paradigm shift and look to progress a new model of responsibility? The character and style of this presentation will use the presenter’s extensive expertise in national park and tourism management to provide a conceptual framework addressing this new model of management.
Call Number Serial 4107
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Author Gil, A.; Fonseca, C.; Nogeuira Mendes, R.; Magalhaes, M.F.; Pereira da Silva, C.
Title Visitation “barometer” as a tool for environmental management and awareness: the Berlengas nature reserve case study Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 200-203
Keywords MMV9
Abstract This study aimed to: i) determine the number of visitors in Berlenga island – a baseline for carrying capacity adjustment, and ii) develop a Visitation ‘Barometer’ – a tool presented as a quality scale associated to the recreational pressure of the protected area, with the aim to provide information for management decisions and visual support to environmental awareness.
Call Number Serial 4105
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Author Forbord, M.; Lindberg, K.; Siverstvik, R.M.
Title Nature based firms and community resilience Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 187-189
Keywords MMV9
Abstract In rural communities, nature-based tourism (NBT) potentially contributes to resilience. The purpose of this paper is to discuss three aspects of resilience (ecological, economic, and social) with reference to NBT and illustrate this through findings from a study of NBT firms in Norway. The study is part of a cross-disciplinary research project on NBT (BIOTOUR) taking place 2016 to 2020.
Call Number Serial 4100
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Author Wyttenbach, M.; Walker, D.; Rupf, R.
Title E-Mountain biking – Potential for Swiss Tourism Destinations Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 184-186
Keywords MMV9
Abstract Since the 1990s, mountain biking has been one of the fastest growing outdoor recreational activities in Switzerland and now represents an important branch in Swiss tourism. In this study, focus groups were formed to examine the needs of Swiss tourism destinations for adaptation to E-mountain biking, most of them without E-MTB experience. A total of six focus group workshops took place in 2016 in Swiss tourism destinations
Call Number Serial 4099
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Author Reigner, N.; Arnason, O.; Hallgrimsson, J.H.; Soevarsoon, R.; Gunnarsdottir, R.; Georgsson, S.O.; Skulladottir, S.S.; Salter, R.
Title Expanding carrying capacity assessment from the site level to the national level: An Icelandic case study Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 178-179
Keywords MMV9
Abstract Stjórnstöð Ferðamála has commissioned EFLA Consulting Engineers (Iceland), and their collaborators from Recreation and Tourism Science (USA) and TRC Tourism (New Zealand), to develop a nation-wide approach to tourism carrying capacity assessment. This assessment analyzes the economic, infrastructural, and social dimensions of tourism carrying capacity for Iceland. Based on a quantitative modeling approach that predicts destination conditions (Y-axis variables) from tourism drivers (X-axis variables),
Call Number Serial 4097
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Author Runnstrom, M.; Ollafsdottir, R.
Title Image analysis to assess hinking impact in Icelandic vegetation communities Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 175-177
Keywords MMV9
Abstract The objective of this research is to study the correlation between hiking impact (number of hikers) and resilience of different vegetation types in some common Icelandic vegetation communities; moss, moss-heath and grassland.
Call Number Serial 4096
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Author Wolf, I.; Nogueira Mendes, R.;
Title A decade worth of progress in the participatory monitoring and management of visitors in recreational and protected areas Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 147-150
Keywords MMV9
Abstract The authors present and evaluate these methodologies in the context of a literature review, empirical studies and by drawing from their combined knowledge of over 20 years in people monitoring to identify advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional techniques
Call Number Serial 4086
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Author Bizarro, S.; Nogueira Mendes, R.; Santos, T.; Juliao, R.
Title Multicriteria analysis a proposal of revitalization of the ancestral trails of the Serra da Estrala Natural Park (PNSE) Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 144-146
Keywords MMV9
Abstract This study proposes the development of a methodology based on multicriteria analysis and Geographical Information System (GIS) that takes into account different levels and types of information, to design a recreational network for Serra da Estrela Natural Park suitable to accommodate both conservation needs and visitors and users demand
Call Number Serial 4085
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Author Nogueira Mendes, R.; Perreira da Silva, C.
Title Looking back at recreational activities in protected areas using VGI from web-share services Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 138-140
Keywords MMV9
Abstract The objective of this paper is to explore if datasets from web-share services collected today can also reflect past changes in trails’ use within R&PA providing a new added value to these data sources – the ability to look back in time
Call Number Serial 4083
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Author Rupf, R.; Stauble, A.
Title Monitoring methods of winter backcountry recreation in a wildlife sanctuary Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 131-134
Keywords MMV9
Abstract Wildlife management is an important issue in areas near human settlements and agricultural landscapes, such as the European Alps. In order to objectively assess the impact of backcountry winter routes and to increase acceptance of the results, the transparent recording of parameters such as the number of athletes or their area load is helpful. In this study we tested various different monitoring methods.
Call Number Serial 4081
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Author Pouwels, R.; van Eupen, M.; Walvoort, D.; Jochem, R.
Title Predicting visitors densities in protected areas – rules of thumb for managers based on GPS tracks Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 120-123
Keywords MMV9
Abstract The aim of this conference paper is to derive rules of thumb for managers to predict how far visitors will enter the area and where visitor densities are high. We will use statistics to predict what features of the path network and landscape characteristics determine visitor densities in the area. We used a large dataset of GPS tracks from walkers and dog-walkers that has been collected during the PROGRESS research project for monitoring purposes in the New Forest
Call Number Serial 4078
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Author Ankre, R.
Title Snowmobiling and free riding in the Jamtland mountains, Sweden Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 87-89
Keywords MMV9
Abstract This project investigates conflicts over land use in the context of the Jämtland mountain region, Sweden where tensions due to snowmobiling and free riding are increasing. The study takes a planning and management perspective.
Call Number Serial 4065
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Author Franco Roque, B.; Nogueira Mendes, R.; Magalhaes, M.F.; Pereira da Silva, C.,
Title Monitoring Walkers and Hikers of Madeira Island through web-share services Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 75-77
Keywords MMV9
Abstract The aim of this study is to explore whether web shared data can be used with the purpose of identifying users’ country of residence and compare it with the official touristic data regarding incoming markets of Madeira
Call Number Serial 4061
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Author Mendes, R. M. N.; Farias-Torbidoni, E.; Pereira da Silva, C.; Juliao, R. P.,
Title Nature-based sports events and natural and protected areas in Portugal. A geographic mapping approach Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 372-373
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Natural & Protected Areas (N&PA) have always promoted visitation and leisure uses of its terri-tories, but these have changed dramatically over the last few decades. Soft and contemplative activities like walking, hiking, or camping have moved to hard skill/adventure practices such as trail running (TR), mountain biking (MTB), among others carrying new challenges to these territo-ries. The urbanization/globalization of the world population have for sure played some role in these new practices, where N&PA are used at the same time as an escape from modern ways of life reconnecting people to the environment/wild, but also attracting urban lifestyles, usually fore-seen as new opportunities for local and regional development making balance between positive and negative impacts difficult to measure and monitor. Large nature-based sports events of MTB and more recently of TR are two of these new uses that can gather up to thousands of practi-tioners and visitors over several days depending on different factors. Although “natural/rural” landscapes and positive climbs are not exclusive of N&PA its not uncommon that these concen-trate the most appellative territories for these nature-based activities. Previous studies on MTB have found that these events tend to happen in Portugal more close to N&PA (Nogueira Mendes, Farías-Torbidoni & Pereira da Silva, 2021) and that within Lisbon Metropolitan Area, 60% of MTB rides target at least one of its peri-urban N&PA – that altogether occupy only 10% of the territory (Nogueira Mendes, Farías-Torbidoni & Pereira da Silva [submitted]). Julião, Valente & Nogueira Mendes (2018) found that 30% of the actual trail runners are old mountain bikers, sug-gesting that MTB is being gradually replaced by TR in terms of popularity. What could be a pressure relief in terms of environmental and social im-pacts from MTB, could be a new wave of concerns to N&PA managers, since TR is bringing not just older but also new users and different demands.To better understand the role of N&PA on MTB and TR events organized in Portugal, the location of all these nature-based sports events promoted in 2018 was plotted against the Na-tional Network of Classified Areas (SNAC), to eval-uate its attractiveness and possible susceptibility. SNAC includes the National Network of Protected Areas (RNAP), Natura 2000 Network sites, Ramsar sites, and UNESCO Biosphere Reserves, covering a total of 29,58% of the country area that follows under the jurisdiction of the National Institute of Nature Conservation and Forestry in terms of recreational and sports use. Although both MTB and TR are sports activities, many events fall off the jurisdiction of its sports federations and their official calendars, requiring secondary data to monitor it at the national level. Data was gath-ered from Timing companies – often hired to manage registrations and insurances, along with national & regional federations/associations, so-cial media, municipalities, and local cultural and sports clubs webpages. Extra searches were con-ducted within the WWW during February 2019 using the terms: “MTB”, “TR” and “2018”. Results have found 608 MTB and 461 TR events scattered all over Portugal mainland, that were georefer-enced and uploaded to a GIS project (Figure 1). Proximity to all protected and classified areas was measure using a 10 km search radius since most MTB and TR events have several race lengths.
Call Number Serial 4364
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Author Tverijonaite, E.; Saeporsdottir, A. D.; Olafsdottir, R.; C. Michael Hall, C. M.,
Title Nature-based tourism and renewable energy infrastructure: tourism industrys perceptions of the impact area of power plants on tourism Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 362-363
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Due to its reliance on natural landscapes nature-based tourism is sensitive to other land uses which lead to landscape changes, such as renewable energy harnessing. For identification of locations most suitable for renewable energy infrastructure knowledge regarding the spatial extent of the impacts of such infrastructure on nature-based tourism is highly needed. Estimating the impact area of renewable energy infrastructure on nature-based tourism is, however, challenging. Besides taking into consideration the characteristics of the energy infrastructure and of the surrounding landscapes it is important to investigate how power plants change the meanings assigned to the areas by various tourism stakeholders. Moreover, natural areas used for tourism can be defined as places which are constructed via numerous relations and processes going on within these areas and in larger networks (Massey, 2005; Urry & Larsen, 2011). Therefore, it should be taken into consideration how renewable energy infrastructure affects surrounding areas as elements of tourism systems (Leiper, 1979, 1990). This study focuses on the views of the tourism industry in Iceland and aims to i) map the impact area of renewable energy infrastructure on tourism as perceived by the tourism industry; and ii) investigate the factors affecting the size and shape of the perceived impact area. To achieve these aims 49 semi-structured interviews were conducted with the managers of the tourism companies operating near six existing and proposed hydro-, geothermal and wind power projects situated within or at the border of the Icelandic Central Highlands. This area is an important venue for nature-based tourism as well as of high interest for further energy infrastructure development due to abundance of renewable resources. During the interviews, participants were asked to map their perceived impact areas of renewable energy infrastructure on tourism using participatory mapping software and, among other topics, to discuss the reasoning behind their estimated impact areas.
Call Number Serial 4360
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Author Pouwels, R.; Van Eupen, M.; Walvoort, D.; Jochem, R.,
Title Using GPS monitoring to develop tools for managers to assess the impact of management interventions on visitor densities and bird populations Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 336-337
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Achieving objectives for outdoor recreation as well as nature conservation in protected areas is a challenge as outdoor recreation can have nega-tive impacts on nature (Larson et al. 2016). To manage the potential conflict between outdoor recreation and nature conservation, managers often need to intervene. One of the most com-mon interventions is restricting visitors access (Hammitt et al. 2015). Although the necessity for such restrictions is easy to explain, managers need information on the effectiveness of these interventions. As visitor densities vary across pro-tected areas and the combined impact of all visi-tors is difficult to assess, managers often lack this information. Here we present an approach based on GPS-tracking and bird monitoring, managers can use to assess the impact of different access scenarios for the New Forest, UK. For most part the approach and results have been describe in Pouwels et al. (2020).
Call Number Serial 4349
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Author Puhakka, R.; Pitkanen, K.; Oinonen, I.,
Title Does nature support the integration of immigrant youth? A study on adolescents in the city of Lahti, Finland Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 328-329
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Successful integration of immigrants has been identified as the key for future social and economic well-being in EU. In Finland, a great share of the recent immigrants consists of people who have come to Finland as asylum seekers from countries whose cultural and natural environment is different from the Nordic countries. Nature has traditionally played a central role in the Finnish identity, although there are signs of polarisation in relation to nature among younger generations (Hakoköngäs & Puhakka 2021).Meanwhile, it is increasingly recognised that contact with nature promotes psychological, physiological, and social well-being and health (Keniger et al. 2013). Contact with nature can play an important role for social cohesion and immigrant integration (Jay & Schraml 2009). Green spaces seem to be especially important for immigrant youth to make contacts and friends across cultures (Seeland et al. 2009). Hence, nature can be an important means for integration, but it should also be understood as a resource that should be equally accessible to all (Gentin et al. 2019). Gentin et al. (2019) have suggested that the relationship between nature and integration can be understood in terms of structural and cultural integration that emphasises the importance of equal access to natural environments and knowledge related to nature. Nature is also important for interactive and identificational integration by offering a platform and means for social interactions and a meaningful target to form emotional bonds with other people and places. This study applies the framework of integration (Esser 1999; Gentin et al. 2019) to study how nature supports the integration as well as the well-being of immigrant youth in Finland. We explore adolescents participation in outdoor recreation and their well-being experiences of and relationships with nature in the city of Lahti. We analyse the differences between the immigrant and non-immigrant groups to discuss how nature can support the health and well-being as well as interactive and identificational integration of immigrants, and how structurally and culturally inclusive nature is to the youth.
Call Number Serial 4346
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Author Prescott, M.; Robillard, J.; Grandisson, M.; Mahmood, A.; Francois, R.; Best, K.L.; Labbe, D.; Mostafavi, M. A.; Miller, W. C.; Morales, E.; Sawatzky, B.; Bulk, L.; Aguilar-Carrasco, M. J.; Borisoff, J.; Mortenson, W. B.,
Title Providing accessible recreation outdoors: User-driven research on standards (PARCOURS) – Research protocol Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 316-317
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Although people with disabilities desire outdoor park experiences similar to other visitors, getting around parks and enjoying their features can be a challenge. There are environmental obstacles and hazards that affect the accessibility and enjoyment of parks (i.e., wayfaring) as well as difficulties maintaining orientation and direction (i.e., wayfinding) that can result in anxiety. These conditions can diminish the many benefits attributable to park participation. In Canada, federal parks have a duty to accommodate, as best they can, the diverse needs and preferences of people with disabilities who make up 22.3% of the population. In response to this imperative, Canada is in the process of developing accessibility standards to ensure universal access. The overarching purpose of this study, funded by Accessible Standards Canada (ASC), is to inform these standards through the lived experiences of people with disabilities. The objectives are to identify and prioritize the impact environmental factors have on the ability of individuals to gain access to and enjoyment of all aspects of the park experience, document the range of these requirements, and develop and prioritize standards that can be used by parks to promote accessibility in parks. The following describes the proposed protocol for the study.
Call Number Serial 4340
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Author Ankre, R.; Wall-Reinius, S.,
Title Accessible recreational areas? A pilot study on disabilities, experiences and the outdoors Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 312-313
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Nature experiences and outdoor recreation have numerous positive outcomes with important physical and mental health benefits for the individual. In various international and Swedish legislative proposals and governmental letters this is evident; public health and well-being must be supported, as well as outdoor recreation, and nature experiences for everyone. Some groups in society are nevertheless excluded. Different physical disabilities can be particularly challenging due to physical barriers in nature. It can also be a challenge to get to nature areas because of, for example, incomplete information, long distances, transportation, or individual ability. Lack of accessibility is still a crucial obstacle for people with disabilities to participate in outdoor recreation (Burns et al., 2009). A better understanding of the participation patterns and perceived constraints by people with disabilities is necessary if nature and outdoor recreation are going to become accessible and inclusive (Corazon et al., 2019). The project aims to understand factors that enable and hinder participation in outdoor activities for people with physical disabilities. In the context of Östersund municipality, Sweden, we discuss how people with physical disabilities perceive accessibility to nature, and analyse available information on websites. What prevents people from getting out into nature? What kind of barriers can be identified? What kind of information is needed and is it available?
Call Number Serial 4338
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Author Mendes, R. M. N.; Farias-Torbidoni, E.; Morera, S.; Dorado, V.,
Title Using web share services to monitor high sensitive habitats. A GIS approach to Pedraforca, Spain. Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 298-299
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Over the last decades, recreational uses in Natural & Protected Areas (N&PA) have increased largely all over the world, requiring extra efforts among staff and management teams of these territories to deal with this reality. In many places, nature conservation has somehow even been replaced by tourism management due to social and economic factors altogether with the massification of visitors. Modern lifestyles have contributed to this situation where visitation peaks concentrate within short periods such as Holy Week, summer, or winter vacations depending on local culture and social habits. Quite often these visitation peaks largely exceed any ecological or social carrying capacity becoming a delicate subject to deal with, reducing in many cases the administration of N&PA to the management of visitors crowds and traffic.One of the situations that happen due to overuse is the proliferation of trails that can lead to ecological and soil impacts from erosion, roots/bare rock exposure to changes of species, or habitat fragmentation, among others. Even in N&PA with a well-structured trails network, the proliferation of variants of trails and paths can easily happen, becoming a serious problem for managers due to its ecological impacts but also due to risk and safety issues for visitors/users. Keeping tracking and monitoring trails proliferation is a demanding task, where technology such as high-resolution imagery or digital elevation models can provide a huge help. Nevertheless, although these data sources become more affordable and widely available they might not work for all places. In this paper, we discuss the use of smart data and technologies as a potential tool to provide new insights on how to deal with this issue by taking advantage of web-share platforms and a myriad of GPS tracks – what can be acknowledged as an advantage of modern uses of N&PA.
Call Number Serial 4333
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Author Olafsson, A.S.; Purves, R.S.; Garcia-Martin, M.; Wartmen, F.; Fagerholm, N.; Torralba, M.; Albert, C.; Verbrugge, L.; Heikinheimo, V.; Kaaronen, R.; Hartmann, M.; Plieninger, T.; Raymond, C.,
Title Comparing landscape value patterns between participatory mapping and social media content across Europe. Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 292-293
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Visitor monitoring and mapping techniques are rapidly evolving fuele…Visitor monitoring and mapping techniques are rapidly evolving fueled by open georeferenced data and social media opportunities. Knowledge on how visitors use and value landscapes is increasingly elucidated by social media data or user-generated data passively contributed by online communities. Examples of this is the use of data from social media such as Flickr, where users share and store geocoded images in an online platform. Here images, locations and associated tags is opportunistic crowdsourced by researchers and planners to conceptually and spatially elicit landscape values such as cultural ecosystem services and relational values.At the same time, integrated landscape planning and management has increasingly focus on planning ideals of deliberative processes, co-creation and inclusion of diverse values. Examples of this is participatory mapping techniques aimed to support the inclusion of diverse values held by residents and visitors into integrated landscape management. By the use of online public participation GIS (PPGIS), participants are actively recruited to purposely map socio-cultural values about specific landscapes.The values data collated using active participatory mapping techniques and passive user generated data is rarely compared.In this study, we bring PPGIS and Flickr together in an exploration and discussion of the similarities and differences. In contrast to previous comparative studies focused on single study site, we expand the analyses from a single site to cross-site analyses of 19 landscapes across Europe (in 11 countries). We argue that in order for planners to harness the qualities of both – we need to place a spotlight on strengths and shortcomings of each method and core opportunities for complementary use. We do this by a direct comparison of the spatial distribution, intensity and type of landscape values elicited using PPGIS and Flickr data.Moreover, we relate similarities or differences to specific landscape characteristics and types of landscape values.
Call Number Serial 4330
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Author Keller, R.,
Title Sounds like Norway: a review of research needs and future paths Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 272-272
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Many of us experience some surprise when we step off a beaten trail and into a wooded dell. Suddenly, we feel a bit closer to nature: not be-cause we have finally arrived, but because we finally hear. There has been an emphasis in re-search and conservation policy about the visual features of landscape. Yet, we hear place as much as we see it. The weaving of sounds and percep-tion within place is called the soundscape. Natu-ral soundscapes (areas mostly free of undesirable anthropogenic sounds, i.e. noise) provision hu-man wellbeing and influence positive behavior, whereas noise in nature severely degrades expe-riences connected to outdoor life (i.e.friluftsliv) and impacts wildlife. In Norway 2.1 million (40%) are exposed to outdoor noise exceeding 55dBA – a level known to drive adverse health effects- and has serious implications for effective conservation of biodiversity and diverse restorative experienc-es in national parks. Thus, parks have an increas-ing importance to harbor natural sounds and are-as free of noise. This paper presents a possible series of steps to assess and monitor natural soundscapes, following guidance provided by the US National Park Service Division of Natural Sounds, and the work of Ferraro et al. 2020, Le-venhagen et al. 2020, among others: 1. establish-ing what sounds people expect or need to hear when recreating in particular national parks and what constitutes noise (national survey); 2. inven-torying sounds using passive audio recorders (PARs) linked as a sensory array from remote to high access settings (ecological and human dis-turbance gradient); 3. linking reported friluftsliv experience with perception of place and sounds to collected acoustic data(attended listening sur-vey); 4. mapping noise proliferation in parks (PARs); 5. experimentally modify noise levels via messaging or restricting recreation equipment use to examine effects on bird distributions (point counts) human perceived (bird)biodiversity, quality, wellbeing and support for natural sounds conservation efforts (survey); 6. bring in identified important natural sounds and noise sources as indicators of soundscape quality in a management by objective framework for natural resource managers. The paper highlights how these steps may be deployed in two case studies, Femundsmarka and Rondane national parks.
Call Number Serial 4321
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Author Lemmen, M.; Burns, R.C.; Andrew, R.G.; Schwarzmann, D.,
Title Assessment of visitation patterns in Grays Reef National Marine Sanctuary: An offshore aquatic protected area Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 240-241
Keywords MMV10
Abstract The United States includes over 600,000 square miles of underwater parks designated as National Marine Sanctuaries (NMS). These areas often serve as a popular destination for natural resource exploration, recreation, tourism, and they offer many other ecosystem services. Understanding visitor use is fundamental for engaging and improving management in protected areas. As part of a larger scale project, named NMS-COUNT, which is developing a methodology to estimate the number of visitors in National Marine Sanctuaries, two questionnaires were distributed to potential visitors of Grays Reef National Marine Sanctuary (GRNMS) and surrounding coastal Georgia. The first survey instrument was focused on visitation and trip characteristics and the second one was focused on economics. Both questionnaires included questions about the participants demographics, trip characteristics, recreation activities and the location of GRNMS as well as departure points, the most visited location of coastal Georgia and departure points for ocean recreation trips. Participants were asked to indicate the locations on separate heat maps. The sample size of this study was 1,650 effective survey contacts, with a response rate of 50.7 %.
Call Number Serial 4308
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Author Andrew, R.; Burns, R.; Hentz, A.; Schwarzmann, D.,
Title Monitoring remote aquatic protected area use with remote methods during a pandemic: Innovation as necessity Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 238-239
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Monitoring outdoor recreation and use in remote aquatic areas presents challenges beyond traditional sampling and methodologies. A diversity of entry points and mechanisms, coupled with diffuse pathways to enter such areas makes assessment of use especially sensitive to bias and limitations of methods.Also, the unique attributes of protected areas make use assessment and monitoring an inherently customizable problem.To address these challenges, an iterative process that incorporates local expert knowledge to prioritize methods that balance accuracy and efficiency is preferred.One such process, called NMS-COUNT (Burns et al. 2020) has been developed to address use monitoring at National Marine Sanctuaries within the United States.This process seeks to apply a standardized assessment of potential methods through extensive literature review (Andrew et al. 2021) and expert panel feedback to arrive at a customized formula of methods suitable for context-specific protected areas.This method was applied to two pilot study sites using data from 2019-2020 in Grays Reef National Marine Sanctuary and Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary in the southeastern U.S. During the development phase of the process, mixed methods were prioritized, including the use of in-person surveys and counting. As the design phase progressed and was ready for implementation, the COVID-19 pandemic emerged as an even greater challenge to human use sampling and monitoring.
Call Number Serial 4307
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