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Author Hinterberger, B.; Arnberger, A.; Muhar, A.,
Title GIS-Supported Network Analysis of Visitor Flows in Recreational Areas Type
Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 28-32
Keywords MMV1
Abstract The application of GIS tools for visitor monitoring facilitates a profound analysis of visitor flow patterns. Giving a visual impression of the distribution of visitors within an area via maps, interpretation of visitor use data is much easier and better. Furthermore, a GIS also allows to determine and analyse quantitative parameters of visitor use such as trail and visitor density. These parameters can also be used to characterise and compare different areas within a park. With a standardised approach, also comparisons between parks can be realised. Therefore, GIS is increasingly used in the area of visitor monitoring to assist recreation planners and park managers in their everyday work. This paper demonstrates how a GIS-based trail network analysis was used in the framework of a visitor monitoring project in the Danube Flood Plains National Park, Austria.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 418 Serial 2272
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Author Muhar, A.; Arnberger, A.; Brandenburg, C.,
Title Methods for Visitor Monitoring in Recreational and Protected Areas: An Overview Type
Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 1-6
Keywords MMV1
Abstract The objective of this paper is to present a systematic overview on methods used for visitor monitoring in recreational areas. Emphasis is given on quantitative methods such as direct observation, video observation, counting devices and registration books. The various approaches are discussed with regard to practical, legal and organisational aspects, such as costs, maintenance requirements, dependence on infrastructure (e.g. electricity), risk of vandalism or suitability for remote and ecologically sensitive locations. For the design of a visitor monitoring scheme in a specific recreational area it is necessary to determine the best combination of devices and methods, depending on the objectives of the monitoring program. This relates also to the temporal resolution of monitoring activities (permanent, periodic, selective). In areas where the recreational use is largely depending on external factors such as weather, daytime and season, the representativity of a sampling scheme becomes crucial for the statistic validity of the obtained data. As visitor monitoring can also be regarded as an interference with the privacy of the persons being monitored, ethic aspects of the application of the various methods must also be addressed.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 410 Serial 2268
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Author Arnberger, A.; Haider, W.; Muhar, A.,
Title Social Carrying Capacity of an Urban Park in Vienna Type
Year 2004 Publication Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 2 - Proceedings Issue Pages 361-368
Keywords MMV2
Abstract The goal of this research was to investigate the social carrying capacity of an urban park in Vienna, Austria. We used a stated choice approach, combined with a referendum style conjoint model. Based on the hypothesis that the perception of crowding is influenced by several factors, digitally calibrated images were generated to depict in a systematic and rigorous manner different visitor numbers, user types, group sizes, the placement of visitors within the scene, numbers of dogs on or off leash, and the direction of visitor movement. The social carrying capacity was measured by asking each respondent whether the presented scenario was acceptable or not. Overall, visitor numbers, the placement of visitors within the image, and dogs being on or off a leash influenced the visitors’ decisions the most. The results of the binomial logit model can be used to simulate and calculate the visitor norms for many different situations; in other words, the referendum style conjoint approach delivers recreation norms within a truly multivariate investigative framework.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 286 Serial 2351
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Author Lexer, W.; Brandenburg, C.; Heckl, F.; Muhar, A.; Reimoser, F.; Zink, R.,
Title Participatory Processes and Participatory Research – A Tool for Conflict Identification and Development of Management Decisions Type
Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 261-263
Keywords MMV3, Biosphere reserve, conflict management, stakeholder participation, participatory research, protected areas, sustainable use, wildlife management
Abstract
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 702 Serial 2474
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Author Muhar, A.; Schauppenlehner, T.; Brandenburg, C.,
Title Trends in Alpine Tourism: The Mountaineers’ Perspective and Consequences for Tourism Strategies Type
Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 23-27
Keywords MMV3, Alpinism, summer tourism, mountaineering, hiking, climbing, user survey, use trends, demands
Abstract Mountaineers are a core group in Alpine tourism, their demands and expectations are an es-sential foundation for every tourism development strategy. This paper is based the authors’ surveys and other studies from the Alpine region. The image of mountain sports in the media (extreme climbing, paragliding, canyoning etc.) does not reflect the actual use patterns, as hiking is still by far the most important activity. Mountaineers are a very conservative group, usually well educated and of higher income. They perform this activity frequently and are generally satisfied with the current situation, thus sceptical towards any changes and man-agement measures. Mountaineers accept lower comfort levels, e.g. in huts, as compared to their everyday life as part of a back-to-the-roots experience. If tourism development strategies want to attract new user groups, they need to comply with the demands of this core group.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 578 Serial 2413
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Author Reichhart, T.; Arnberger, A.; Muhar, A.,
Title Assessing Trail Use Conditions Using Still Renderings and 3D Computer Animation Type
Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 340-341
Keywords MMV3, Bicyclists, walkers, static, dynamic, 3D computer animation, still rendering, motion, social carrying capacity, character animation
Abstract
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 754 Serial 2500
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Author Taczanowska, K.; Muhar, A.; Arnberger, A.,
Title Exploring Spatial Behaviour of Individual Visitors as Background for Agent-Based Simulation Type
Year 2006 Publication Exploring the Nature of Management Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 3 - Proceedings Issue Pages 313-314
Keywords MMV3, Spatial behaviour, visitor flows, agent-based simulation, GIS, recreation
Abstract
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 740 Serial 2493
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Author Brandenburg, C.; Lexer, W.; Heckl, F.; Muhar, A.; Reimoser, F.; Zink, R.; Bartel, A.,
Title Nobody knows the trouble they cause? The behaviour of forest users and their knowledge about wildlife disturbance Type
Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 343-343
Keywords MMV4, Awareness of wildlife disturbance, sustainable recreational use, visitor management
Abstract The Biosphere Reserve Wienerwald frames the west and south side of Vienna, the capital city of Austria. High biodiversity and conservation values are given by a large contiguous forest area and interlocked grass lands. The Wienerwald is a major large-scale wildlife habitat and part of a supra-regional ecological corridor. Due to the close proximity of the city, the area is characterised by high use intensities and pressures caused by intense recreational uses, a strong demand for hunting opportunities: high hunting pressure as well as urban sprawl, land take, habitat loss and fragmentation. In order to reduce negative impacts towards wildlife caused by recreational activities, foresting and farming, landowners and tourism management organisations developed various regulations and management regimes for the use of the Wienerwald. The aim of the presented research project funded by the Austrian Academy of Science was to investigate the familiarity with those rules as well as the level of acceptance and compliance with the site regulations. On-site interviews and mailing surveys using standardised questionnaires were taken to address the project objectives. Altogether 1334 land users like foresters and farmers as well as recreationists, like hikers, horse riders, mountain bikers and joggers were asked if they were aware of the problems and conflicts caused to wildlife and wildlife management by certain behaviour such as off-trail use, off leash dog walking, if they knew the further-reaching implications of disturbing wildlife, and in the end if they observed the rules.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1038 Serial 2640
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Author Chiari, S.; Schmid, F.; Muhar, A.; Muhar, S.,
Title Recreational functions of rivers in Austria: an approach to the visitors’ perspective Type
Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 247-251
Keywords MMV4, Behaviour, preferences, requirements, river recreation, user survey
Abstract In the past Austrian rivers faced a series of human impacts leading to a loss of both ecological and social functionality. River restoration measures aim to improve this functionality, however, they are currently mostly targeted at ecological functions rather than at recreation. To prevent conflicts between ecological integrity and recreational needs integrated river management is demanded. So far river recreation in Austria is an unknown quantity, as profound data are lacking. The range of present river-based recreational activities can only roughly be estimated. The ongoing project “Future options for the development of riverine landscapes – space requirements for multifunctionality” aims to fill this gap. Concerning recreationists’ dispersion, behaviour and preferences data is collected along three rivers (Enns, Drau, Lech). The first step of the methodological approach was an explorative preparatory study conducted in 2007. Qualitative face-to-face interviews should clarify which factors influence river recreationists in terms of how they perceive the river, what they appreciate about the setting and what compromises their quality of experience. Based on these results a semi-standardised questionnaire was developed for a quantitative survey conducted in 2008, covering topics such as visitation motives, use patterns, habits, and perceptive aspects using image-based choice statements. Additionally the extent of river recreation is assessed via peak-day observations documenting recreational characteristics like number of visits, length of stay and activities. Preliminary results indicate that most people associate calmness and relaxation with river recreation rather than adventure and action. In particular, the acoustic scenery and certain natural attributes play a major role. Most people state, that they prefer natural river sections for recreational purposes. However, some ecologically valuable features such as woody debris seem to bother them. Further steps aim to identify key factors for the usability of rivers, integrating both objective factors such as the biophysical setting and subjective issues such as aesthetics and personal preferences.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 998 Serial 2620
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Author Ghelichipour, Z.; Muhar, A.,
Title Visitor risk management in core zones of protected areas: First results from a survey of European park administrations Type
Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 107-111
Keywords MMV4, Conservation regulations, European Protected Areas, Questionnaire, Visitor Risk Management
Abstract Effective visitor risk management practices play an important role in the management of outdoor recreation. Many forms of outdoor recreation have inherent risks associated with them, indeed for many recreational activities risk and challenge are integral components. In many European countries, the administrations of protected areas are legally liable for some kinds of visitors’ injuries, e.g. caused by falling trees or damaged handrails. Sometimes this liability may cause legal problems for the managers, as management measures (e.g. removal of trees) might be in conflict with conservation regulations. These problems are particularly serious in core zones of protected areas, because of their stronger conservation status. In this study, visitor safety management and likely conflicts with conservation regulations in different European protected areas has been surveyed. The findings imply that today visitor risk management is not considered as an important aspect of the management process in core zones of protected areas. This might change in the future: In many core zones of European parks regular forest management for timber production has only recently been discontinued, which will lead to an increased visitor risk when natural processes of ecosystem development take over.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 934 Serial 2589
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Author Taczanowska, K.; Muhar, A.; Brandenburg, C.,
Title Potential and limitations of GPS tracking for monitoring spatial and temporal aspects of visitor behaviour in recreational areas Type
Year 2008 Publication Management for Protection and Sustainable Development Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 4 - Proceedings Issue Pages 451-455
Keywords MMV4, GPS, GPS tracking, spatial behaviour, monitoring methods, visitor flows, recreation
Abstract The application of satellite based navigation systems such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) to record spatial/temporal aspects of visitor behaviour has received more attention in recent years. The aim of this paper is to discuss the potentials and the limitations of GPS-tracking, based on empirical data collected in the Danube Floodplains National Park in Austria (Nationalpark Donau-Auen). A total amount of 485 hiking itineraries were collected in the field using Garmin e-Trex devices. After returning the GPS receiver visitors were interviewed and additionally asked to draw their route on the map. 372 complete records (GPS tracks plus map sketches) were thereby obtained for further analysis. The highly detailed spatial resolution of the data allowed deriving more exact route characteristics compared to traditional data collection methods such as trip diaries. GPS-tracking was more accurate than map sketches in areas with poorly defined trail network. Some respondents were not able to report the exact route, due to insufficient map reading skills or orientation problems in the outdoor environment. In such cases, in particular, the GPS approach proved its intrinsic advantages. Nevertheless, some limitations of the GPS use have also been identified. In particular, problems with the quality of the satellite signal in areas covered by dense deciduous forest turned out to be a major limiting factor for GPS-tracking in the presented National Park setting.
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1078 Serial 2660
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Author Brandenburg, C.; Tomek, H.; Lexer, W.; Reimoser, F.; Heckl, F.; Muhar, A.,
Title Mountain bikers in forests and wildlife habitats Type
Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages 51-52
Keywords MMV5, mountain biker, participatory research, decision process, visitor monitoring, visitor management
Abstract
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 90 Serial 2702
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Author Pröglhöf, R.; Muhar, A.,
Title The visitors’ perspective of visitor monitoring: results from two recreational areas in Eastern Austria Type
Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages 294-295
Keywords MMV5, visitor monitoring, acceptance, visitor survey
Abstract
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 204 Serial 2807
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Author Taczanowska, K.; Brandenburg, C.; Arnberger, A.; Tomek, H.; Muhar, A.,
Title GIS as a tool supporting understanding of visitor flows in recreational areas Type
Year 2010 Publication Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 5 - Proceedings Issue Pages 124-127
Keywords MMV5, GIS, visitor flows, spatial analysis, spatial behaviour, nature-based tourism, recreation
Abstract
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 224 Serial 2733
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Author Höglhammer, A.; Muhar, A.; Stokowski, P.; Schauppenlehner, T.; Yalcintepe, E.; Renner, J.
Title Integrating immigrant communities in recreation planning for the Wienerwald Biosphere Park, Austria: first results Type
Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages 42-44
Keywords MMV7
Abstract
Call Number Serial 3054
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Author Mitrofanenko, T.; Muhar, A.; Penker, M.
Title Potentials for incorporating intergenerational practices in protected areas and implications for visitor management Type
Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages 49-51
Keywords MMV7
Abstract
Call Number Serial 3089
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Author Ounmany, K.; Winkler,C.; Muhar, A.; Penker,M.
Title Community-based ecotourism as a tool for rural development and nature conservation: Lessons from protected areas in Laos Type
Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages 72-73
Keywords MMV7
Abstract
Call Number Serial 3094
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Author Schauppenlehner, T.; Eder, R.; Höglhammer, A.; Muhar, A.
Title Methods for the involvement of adolescents in participation processes Type
Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages 45-46
Keywords MMV7
Abstract
Call Number Serial 3109
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Author Taczanowska, K.; Brandenburg, C.; Muhar, A.; Hat-Pawlikowska, K.; Ziobrowski, S.; Chlipala, B.; Grocholski, S.; Krzeptowski, J.; Jodlowski, M; Bielański, M.; Witkowski, Z.; Balon, J.; Berbeka, K.: Biernacki, W.
Title Who is hiking in the Tatra National Park, Poland? A socio-demographic portrait of visitors Type
Year 2014 Publication The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 7 - Proceedings Issue Pages 27-29
Keywords MMV7
Abstract
Call Number Serial 3113
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Author Hoglhammer, A., Muhar, A., Stokowski, P., Schauppenlehner, T.
Title Perceptions of individuals and organized stakeholders on immigrants’ barriers to nature-based recreation Type
Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 311-313
Keywords MMV8
Abstract Nature-based recreational areas provide important functions for today’s society.In particular, for people living in dense urban areas, outdoor nature-based areas offeropportunitiesfor recreation and relaxation and therefore support healthylifestyles, thus contributing to the physical and mental wellbeing of their users. Such spaces are usually open for the general public, though several access barriers have been identified for different user groups. Immigrants from non-western countries are recognized to be underrepresented in larger recreational areas, though often these people are very visible in public parks in cities.This underrepresentation has been recognized by recent scholars (Jay et al., 2012, Kloek, Buijs, Boersema, & Schouten, 2013), and several socio-economic, socio-spatial and ethnic cultural factors have beenidentified asdeterminants.As nature based recreation areas are often financed from public funds, decreasing such access barriers is a matter of social justice.
Call Number Serial 3957
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Author Taczanowska, K., Zieba, A., Hibner, J., Makaruk, W., Brandenburg, C., Muhar, A., Latosinska, B., Preisel, H., Gonzalez, L.M., Garcia, X., Toca-Herrera, J.L., Ziobrowski, S.
Title Application of GPS-tracking to analyse the spatial behaviour of cable car users – a case study from the summer season in the Tatra National Park, Poland Type
Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 263-266
Keywords MMV8
Abstract The aim of this study was to explore the spatio-temporal distribution of visitors ina popular cable car destination -KasprowyWierchin the Tatra National Park. The main focus of this paper is the analysis of individual trip itineraries of the most numerous visitor group in the study area – cable car users purchasing return tickets.
Call Number Serial 3941
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Author Latosinska, B., Brandenburg, C., Czachs, C., Muhar, A., Grabowski, M., Sobanska, E., Pikus, A., Rothert, M., Taczanowska, K.
Title Social media dynamics affecting differences between online and on -site surveys: First findings from a case study in the Tricity Landscape Park, Poland Type
Year 2016 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 8 - Proceedings Issue Pages 126-129
Keywords MMV8
Abstract Managers of parks and forestshave to optimize the allocation of resources to provide new recreational infrastructure and maintain the existing one.In order to successfully managerecreationalareas and to gain realistic view on actual visitation levels as well as visitors’ needs and expectations, it is necessary to find reliable and effective tools and methods for visitor data collection and analysis(Kajala et al., 2007,Cessford, Muhar, 2003). In recent years, the use of online surveys in outdoor recreation research as complement to traditional survey methods (on-site, mail and telephone surveys) has been significantly expanded. Comparability of data gathered from traditional paper interviewing and from online surveys is a subject of discourse in many fields of social science research (Namhun, Xiaojuan, Zvi, 2013, Dolnicar, Laesser, Matus, 2009, Yetter, Capaccioli, 2010). Personal interviewson-site survey and online survey may involve respondents with different sociodemographic profiles because of the different mode. Furthermore, both approaches differ in place and time of interviewing. On-site surveys take place during a trip in a forest and the online survey at a random moment while browsing the internet. In this setting other influencing factors may play a significant role. In outdoor recreation research sampling biases and the influence of social media dynamics on participation in online surveys and representativity of results have not yet been sufficiently researched.
Call Number Serial 3899
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Author Taczanowska, K; Latosinka, B.; Czachs, C.; Hibner, J.; Muhar, A.; Brandeburg, C.; Rothert, M.
Title Toward standards for quantification of recreational use in forest areas – indicators and data collection tools applied by te State Forests National Forest Holding, Poland Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 481-483
Keywords MMV9
Abstract The objective of the study was to create the list of indicators and to define reliable tools that can be utilized for measuring recreation use. The main focus was placed at systematic quantification of visitor loads at recreational trails.
Call Number Serial 4202
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Author Arnberger, A.; Brandenburg, C.; Muhar, A.,
Title Preface Type
Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal (up)
Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages I-II
Keywords MMV1
Abstract
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 383 Serial 2266
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Author Schauppenlehner, T., Muhar, A., Höglhammer, A., Eder, R., Taczanowska, K.,
Title I AM HERE! Participatory exploration of the recreational behavior of adolescents using a multiple media approach Type
Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal (up) NULL
Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages 186-187
Keywords MMV6
Abstract NULL
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 457 Serial 2901
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Author Taczanowska, K., Brandenburg, C., Schauppenlehner, T., Eder, R., Garcia-Massó, X., González, L., Toca-Herrera, J., Muhar, A.,
Title GPS-based data collection and analysis methods for better management of recreational areas Type
Year 2012 Publication The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges Abbreviated Journal (up) NULL
Volume MMV 6 - Proceedings Issue NULL Pages 284-285
Keywords MMV6
Abstract NULL
Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 500 Serial 2944
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