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	Author	De Vries, S.; Goossen, M.,
	Title	Demand-driven recreation planning in progress			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	191-192
	Keywords	MMV5, outdoor recreation, regional supply, demand, quality, variation
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 160			Serial	2763
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	Author	Degenhardt, B.; Buchecker, M.; Kienast, F.,
	Title	Tools for recreation planning and monitoring – developing a spatial explicit model of people’s nearby outdoor recreation use			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	187-188
	Keywords	MMV5, nearby outdoor recreation, GIS-modelling, use-intensities, landscape planning
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 158			Serial	2761
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	Author	Viganò, G.; Mottironi, C.; Antonioli, M.,
	Title	Managerial implications for the supply of tourism services in protected areas: an empirical analysis of the Italian case			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	179-180
	Keywords	MMV5, tourism services, management, protected areas
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 18			Serial	2757
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	Author	Sayuti Hassan, M.; Ibrahim, Y.,
	Title	Monitoring and management of visitor flows in recreational and protected areas: use and abuse of nature areas in Taman Negara (National Park) Pahang, Malaysia			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	173-174
	Keywords	MMV5, tourism, protected area, tourism management, visitor satisfaction, Taman Negara
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 20			Serial	2754
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	Author	Gaglioppa, P.; Di Carlo, A.; Marino, D.; Marucci, A.; Nicosia, M.; Palmieri, M.,
	Title	Visitor flows indicators used in Italian protected area management effectiveness methodology (MEVAP) and data base on National Protected Areas: how to improve their efficacy?			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	170-172
	Keywords	MMV5, indicator, tourism, park, management effectiveness, PAME, MEVAP
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 26			Serial	2753
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	Author	Tapaninen, M.,
	Title	Sustainable tourism development strategy as a tool to improve destination management: case Oulanka National Park, Finland			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	168-169
	Keywords	MMV5, sustainability, nature-based tourism, limits of acceptable change (LAC), national park
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 28			Serial	2752
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	Author	Paat, E.; Reimann, M.,
	Title	Conflict between motorized and non-motorized: recreation in Soomaa National Park, Estonia			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	160-161
	Keywords	MMV5, motorized and non-motorized recreation, conflict, displacement, national park
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 14			Serial	2748
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	Author	Nasa, M.; Emphandhu, D.; ,
	Title	Visitor perception of crowding at Doi Inthanon summit, Doi Inthanon National Park			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	157-159
	Keywords	MMV5, visitor perception, crowding, Doi Inthanon National Park
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 16			Serial	2747
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	Author	Mayer, M.,
	Title	Innovative cable-cars and ski-lifts in Western Austria – their diffusion and impact on mature alpine tourism markets			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	153-154
	Keywords	MMV5, innovation, tourism, cable-cars, ski-lifts, entrepreneurship, Austria
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 10			Serial	2745
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	Author	Tonge, J.; Moore, S.A.; Beckley, L.; Ryan, M.,
	Title	“Everybody’s happy” – place attachment and visitors to the Ningaloo Reef, north-western Australia			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	149-150
	Keywords	MMV5, place attachment, Ningaloo Marine Park, photo-elicitation, emotional motivation
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 162			Serial	2743
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	Author	Pouta, E.; Soini, K.; Vaarala, H.; Uusitalo, M.; Kivinen, T.,
	Title	Local residents’ sense of place, recreational use and perceptions of rural landscape			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	147-148
	Keywords	MMV5, recreational use of agricultural landscape, sense of place, landscape perceptions
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 164			Serial	2742
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	Author	Edwards, D.; Jay, M.; Jensen, F.S.; Lucas, B.; Marzano, M.; Mason, B.; Montagné, C.; Peace, A.; Weiss, G.,
	Title	Public preferences for forests as sites for recreational use: a Pan- European perspective			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	136-138
	Keywords	MMV5, forest recreation, public preferences, silvicultural attributes, Delphi survey, Europe
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 172			Serial	2738
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	Author	Wachowicz, M.; Maldonado, A.; Vazquez Hoehne, A.,
	Title	MovementMapper: the movement simulation of visitors in nature areas			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	134-135
	Keywords	MMV5, movement analysis, trajectory simulation, movement surface, recreational activity
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 232			Serial	2737
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	Author	Delafontaine, M.; Neutens, T.; Van De Weghe, N.,
	Title	Delineating potential trajectories in constrained environments using rough space-time prisms			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	130-131
	Keywords	MMV5, time geography, space-time prism, spatiotemporal uncertainty
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 236			Serial	2735
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	Author	Yuan, M.,
	Title	The relationship between stated choice for recreation experience preferences and revealed activity choice			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	115-116
	Keywords	MMV5, experience preference, activity participation, revealed choice, rural tourism
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 36			Serial	2729
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	Author	Twardock, P.; Monz, C.; Smith, M.,
	Title	Assessing resource conditions and visitor preferences of backcountry campsites in Western Prince William Sound			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	105-106
	Keywords	MMV5, recreation ecology, campsite impacts, visitor preferences, Prince William Sound, Alaska
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 50			Serial	2725
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	Author	Landauer, M.; Fredman, P.,
	Title	Nature-based artificial recreation environments: typology, empirical correlates and implications			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	103-104
	Keywords	MMV5, artificial, outdoor recreation, nature tourism, commodification, authenticity
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 52			Serial	2724
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	Author	Goossen, M.,
	Title	Development of recreational areas using spheres of experiences			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	87-88
	Keywords	MMV5, experience, motives, design, recreation
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 56			Serial	2717
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	Author	Berndsen, M.L.,
	Title	Staatsbosbeheer’s experiences with demand-driven working			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	83-84
	Keywords	MMV5, demand-driven working, motive groups, recreational area analysis, cooperation, quality, diversity
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 60			Serial	2715
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	Author	Lamers, M.; Gelter, H.,
	Title	Submerging in the Antarctic tourist experience: analysing the diverse expectations and experiences of diving and non-diving tourists in Antarctica			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	78-79
	Keywords	MMV5, tourist, experience, diversification, management, Antarctica
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 44			Serial	2713
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	Author	Inge Vistad, O.; Vorkinn, M.,
	Title	Wilderness purism revisited: The value of a simplified standardised scale for monitoring purposes			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	69-72
	Keywords	MMV5, visitor monitoring, wilderness purism, standardized questions
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 74			Serial	2710
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	Author	Siegrist, D.; Clivaz, C.; Gessner, S.; Manz, M.; Rinkel, A.; Rupf, R.; Stumm, N.; Wernli, M.,
	Title	VISIMAN. Development of a flexible visitor management tool for national and regional natural parks			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	58-60
	Keywords	MMV5, visitor management, visitor monitoring, parks and protected areas, management tool, IT
	Abstract	Within the scope if the VISIMAN project a new ITbased tool for visitor management in national and regional natural parks will be developed. The product comprises a systembased management platform with interfaces to the four functional units: ‘visitor information’, ‘expert information’, ‘visitor monitoring’, and ‘data management’. By keeping the interfaces open, the management can be extended for other functional units and applications on demand. Visitor monitoring was implemented and counting methods advanced.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 84			Serial	2705
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	Author	Kloek, M.; Schouten, M.,
	Title	Contemporary Dutch literature and nature images: Analyses of nature images in Dutch literature of autochthonous writers and allochtonous writers with a Moroccan background			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	45-46
	Keywords	MMV5, nature images, literature, ethnic groups, Morocco, the Netherlands
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 96			Serial	2699
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	Author	Jay, M.; Schraml, U.,
	Title	Migrants’ perspectives on urban forests: the influence of a migration background on patterns of forest use and perception			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	43-44
	Keywords	MMV5, empirical social research, forest recreation, Germany, migration
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 98			Serial	2698
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	Author	Atik, M.,
	Title	Recreation impact research in Turkish Mediterranean; Studies in Olimpos- Beydaglari National Park			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	31-32
	Keywords	MMV5, recreation impact, Olimpos-Beyda?lar? National Park, Antalya
	Abstract	Recreation is a pleasant activity that people realise as a function of enjoyment, relaxation and refreshing themselves. Recreational activities often take place in natural settings and could create various impacts on the natural environment. Impact is defined as an undesirable change and even the most careful visitor can cause various forms of damage such as soil compaction, alteration of plant cover, disturbance of fauna etc. On the other hand the quality of recreation activity highly depends on the integrity and naturalness of the recreation settings.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 272			Serial	2692
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	Author	Toyama, M.; Take, M.; Aikoh, T.; Kadekaru, T.; Terasaki, T.,
	Title	The frequency of scraping trees by kayaking in mangrove estuary in Okinawa, Japan			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	27-28
	Keywords	MMV5, kayaking, kayakers’ behavior, ecological impact, guided tour
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 274			Serial	2690
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	Author	Pouwels, R.; Sierdsema, H.; Aranyosi, A.; Van Eupen, M.; Henkens, R.,
	Title	Does recreation affect Natura2000 goals for breeding birds? A case study for the Veluwe			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	22-24
	Keywords	MMV5, recreation impact, birds, Natura2000, visitor distribution, regression analysis
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 280			Serial	2688
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	Author	Schouten, M.,
	Title	Wildlife reserves: sanctuaries, commons or commodities?			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	18-18
	Keywords	MMV5
	Abstract	Nature does not know itself as nature. We perceive it as such. And in that perception we project our images of nature. Such images are social constructs that vary in time and between cultures: nature as the enemy, nature as a resource, nature as an uncorrupted domain…..
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 216			Serial	2686
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	Author	Goossen, M.; Elands, B.; Van Marwijk, R.,
	Title	Preface – Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world			Type
	Year	2010	Publication	Recreation, tourism and nature in a changing world	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 5 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	11-12
	Keywords	MMV5
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 284			Serial	2683
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	Author	García-Ventura, D.; Tejedo, P.; Muñoz-Santos, M.; Benayas, J.,
	Title	Potential interpretation index: a tool for assessing landscape diversity from pathways			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	510-510
	Keywords	MMV4, Landscape, pathways, ecological divesity index
	Abstract	Nowadays, a well developed net of pathways allows people to enjoy nature in countryside. Into natural protected areas, the pathway network is generally used to bring closer natural /cultural values and visitors. However, the design of these interpretation pathways usually doesn’t bear in mind how much representative are them to make a complete visit through all landscapes of the natural protected area. We have developed an index based on useful and popular ecological diversity index (Shannon-Wiener, 1948), which has been applied to 56 pathways open to visitors in 6 Spanish National Parks. This Potential Interpretation Index takes into account several factors with high attractiveness to visitors, like environmental units, water bodies and slopes. In addition, we consider these topics either crossed by the pathways than observed from these ones. Spatial data was processed by GIS tools in order to obtain landscape diversity and viewshed from each pathway in these National Parks. The result of this work is an index easier to apply in natural protected areas and the whole countryside, in order to asses its significance for interpretation activities and for guaranteeing a representative visit to the area. This tool could be added to others planning models in natural protected areas management, with the aim of reconcile conservation and visitors use.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1112			Serial	2677
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	Author	Marandola, D.; Malvolti, M.E.; Tognetti, R.,
	Title	Biodiversity and rural development: the case-study of the “Shepherd’s walnut”. An action model for sustainable rural development shaped on the peculiar features of a rural area			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	494-496
	Keywords	MMV4, Biodiversity, local resources, rural development
	Abstract	Walnut tree, for nutritional value, wood and its connections to local culture and society, is a very typical product of the Apennine rural areas. Anyway, the economical value of the traditional/local varieties is today very reduced and this may expose rural areas to a loss of biodiversity, cultural values and landscape elements. FIMONT is a research project which aims to calibrate action models to increase the value of mountain traditional food products. The research, starting from some specific morpho-genetic analisys carried out by IBAF, has considered the possibility to increase the value of local walnut calibrating a model based on the peculiar features of the rural territory. An ancient path for sheeps transhumance has been choosen like a “red line” for the model.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1104			Serial	2673
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	Author	Kissling, M.,
	Title	The impact of experimental trampling on the biodiversity of beech forests: basic knowledge for the management of urban forest for recreation			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	491-491
	Keywords	MMV4, Experimental trampling, soil enzyme activity, outdoor recreation, urban forest, ground vegetation
	Abstract	In the last few years forests became an important function as natural recreation sites, especially in the surroundings of urban areas. Nowadays, large numbers of forest visitors can lead to conflicts between recreation and nature conservation The extent of damage to the forest vegetation depends not only on the kind of recreational activity and frequency of visitors, but also on the type of soil and forest vegetation. The effects of trampling on soil microorganisms and the level of disturbance that will cause changes are mostly unknown. In order to gain a better understanding of these relationships I investigated the effect of different trampling regime – single trampling versus repeated trampling – on the ground vegetation, soil microbial biomass and the activity of dehydrogenase (an indicator for the total metabolic activity of soil micro-organisms), glucosidase and phosphomonoesterase (both key enzymes in the nutrient cycle)
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1100			Serial	2671
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	Author	Jodlowski, M.,
	Title	Climbing management in protected areas of southern Poland			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	484-484
	Keywords	MMV4, Rock climbing, climbing management, environmental impact, bolts, Southern Poland
	Abstract	Hundreds of rock cliffs and isolated rocks can be found in Southern Poland within upland, mid-mountain or high-mountain landscapes. Most of these sites are, to a various extent, protected by law – within national parks, landscape parks, nature reserves or nature monuments. They are major tourist attractions for visitors of the respective protected areas who generally do not interfere with cliffs ecosystems. This is not the case with climbing activities which remain a subject of an unremitting controversy.This work focuses on the analysis of the climbing management with respect to the assessment of the impact of climbing activities on cliff environment. Polish environmental law does not regulate climbing management, referring it to the competence of protected area managers. However, in the majority of protected areas management consists only in a total closure of some areas to any climbing activities. Trees have been frequently planted in the vicinity of rocks; rock surfaces on which climbing had been curtailed are now overgrown with mosses and herbaceous vegetation, while natural xerophyte and heliophyte communities have been destroyed. Resulting landscape changes largely decreased many geosites’ attractiveness not only for climbing but tourism in general. Only recently in some climbing areas trees and shrubs in the vicinity of cliffs have been cleared, however, frequently such actions are not previously consulted with reserve or national park managers. With the growing popularity of this type of qualified tourism, it is necessary to create a modern system of climbing management, based on environmental conservation. Conservation and management plans for protected areas should contain detailed regulations of access to particular geosites where climbing activities are to be allowed. Such regulations may impose seasonal closure of particular cliffs or parts of cliffs to climbing during bird nesting periods or closures due to protection of cliff plant communities. Specified should be the types of permitted climbing activities together with protection method. Finally, monitoring of climbing intensity and environmental impact should be carried out for sustainable tourism development
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1094			Serial	2668
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	Author	Campbell, M.J.; MacKay, K.J.; Walker, D.J.; Dranzoa, C.,
	Title	Strengthening local support for community tourism (in Uganda) through University – Community Partnerships			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	475-479
	Keywords	MMV4, Community tourism, GIS, partnerships, Uganda
	Abstract	Rural poverty, poor environmental health and the resultant threat to biodiversity are significant impediments to sustainable tourism development in Uganda. These problems reinforce one another and are compounded by: a) weak institutional linkages between rural communities, NGOs, universities, government departments and public policy makers; b) deficiencies in community oriented professional skills in sustainable tourism and biodiversity conservation; c) the need to transform community attitudes to view parks and protected areas and wildlife as natural capital on which rural livelihoods can be improved; and d) the need for interdisciplinary approaches in higher learning to address intertwined problems of biodiversity conservation and sustainable tourism development. The University of Manitoba in co-operation with Makerere University in Uganda has initiated a program to address these issues though the development of: 1) a master’s degree at Makerere University; 2) a strategic partner’s network and; 3) three demonstration projects in communities surrounding national parks. This poster presents initial results that illustrate how the university community-partnership is leading to stronger institutional links to not only the university and community but also to NGOs and government departments while providing much needed capacity building in local communities.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1088			Serial	2665
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	Author	Almik, A.; Maran, K.; Karoles, K.; Rammo, M.,
	Title	Implementation of results of visitor and environmental impact monitoring: an example of Kauksi campsite of the recreation area along the northern coast of Lake Peipsi of Estonian State Forest Management Centre			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	463-466
	Keywords	MMV4, Forest recreation, visitor and environmental impact monitoring, recreational load, campsite condition monitoring, damages on trees, soil vegetation and soil
	Abstract	Kauksi campsite, located in the recreation area along the northern coast of Lake Peipsi of Estonian State Forest Management Centre, is an area of intensive and long-term recreational use. In the years 2003 and 2007 a permanent monitoring network was established in the area and the environmental situation and its changes were evaluated. Based on the results of the environmental status assessment and visitor monitoring, recommendations were made for improving the campsite condition and an action plan for performing the works was prepared. In 2004-2007 an infrastructure for the protection of campsite and the lakeshore dunes was designed and constructed, and measures of landscape protection were introduced, as a result of which the environmental condition has stabilised and for some indicators, considerably improved. This case shows that in an area of intensive use it is important to know the user and use specifics and, in order to support the periodic assessment of environmental impacts, to continuously monitor environmental status and perform preventive landscape protection works in order to maintain the stable condition and the recreational values of the area.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1082			Serial	2662
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	Author	Wachowicz, M.; Orellana, D.; Renso, C.; Muñoz Moraga, E.; Parada, J.,
	Title	The spatial knowledge representation of players movement in mobile outdoor gaming			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	456-460
	Keywords	MMV4, Recreation planning, mobile outdoor gaming, spatial knowlegde representation, ontology
	Abstract	This paper describes an innovative approach for developing a spatial knowledge representation based on the existence of multi tier spaces as a mental construction of human movement. The three “spaces” paradigm has been proposed to support the reasoning process in terms of sensing, symbolic, and social spaces. The spatial knowledge representation was implemented as a computational ontology in Protégé, and it has been applied to provide new insight about the actual behavioural patterns of players within a recreation site, accordingly to checkpoints and similar players´ interactions. This first experiment consisted of an educational game in Amsterdam using mobile phones and GPS-technology for 200 students having the age of 12-14. The results demonstrate that different types of inferences play a different role accordingly to what a recreational planner needs to infer, that is, the location of interactions among players and the environment.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1080			Serial	2661
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	Author	Duke, D.; Quinn, M.,
	Title	Methodological considerations for using remote cameras to monitor the ecological effects of trails users: lessons from research in Western Canada			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	441-445
	Keywords	MMV4, Remote cameras, access management, monitoring methods, wildlife
	Abstract	The Livingstone River Area in southwestern Alberta, Canada is an ecologically significant area of public land that provides an important connection between adjacent protected areas. Most of the area is zoned for multiple use; which means the area is available for resource extraction and recreational activity. Recreational use in this area consists primarily of off-highway vehicle (OHV) use, random access camping and fly fishing. Recreational use is largely unmanaged and increasing. The proliferation of trails and campsites has become extensive in the past decade. Furthermore, much of this activity is concentrated along critical riparian movement corridors and in sensitive montane, subalpine and alpine environments. Human use and associated linear disturbance is recognized as among the most significant habitat fragmentation factor limiting sensitive wildlife (especially large carnivores) in the region. We have developed a sampling method that employs remote digital infrared cameras on known human trails and wildlife trails. The cameras have proven to be very effective for monitoring all trail use. We provide a review of our methods, report on the effectiveness of the cameras and provide some guidance on the use of cameras based on the lessons we have learned.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1074			Serial	2658
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	Author	Sievänen, T.; Neuvonen, M.; Pouta, E.,
	Title	National park visitors’ interest to use tourism services in rural communities			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	390-395
	Keywords	MMV4, Nature-based tourism, visitor, visitor segmentation
	Abstract	National park visitation can have a considerable economic impact in rural areas. It is valuable to understand the factors, which explain the interest and use of tourism services in rural communities in the vicinity of national parks. The aim of this study were to analyse if there were visitor groups whose intention to use the services differed and what kinds of services were the most interesting for these visitor groups. The study focused on the association between the visitor segments based on service use intention, and background factors such as attitudes towards country-side in general, and visitors’ socioeconomic background. Furthermore, the relation between visitor segments and visit intentions and satisfaction were studied. We examined these topics in two regions in Finland, where tourism industry is not a strong economic actor at the present. The data was collected in two national parks, Seitseminen and Linnansaari, in Central and Eastern Finland. The number of responses was 554, and the response rate was 68. Preliminary results show that national park visitors can be divided into two main groups considering the interest in using tourism services. First part of park visitors were outdoor recreation oriented and interested to use non-motorized or motorized outdoor activities such as fishing tours, nature studying excursions and snowmobile safaris. The other part of the park visitors was ‘general tourists’ who were interested mainly in tourism services such as accommodation and restaurants, etc. The visitor groups differed with respect their intention to visit the park and the region, countryside attitudes and socioeconomic background variables. The results of this study may help tourism enterprises in surrounding rural communities to find the right clientele for their services and products. For the park managers this information is valuable when planning the future management policies and actions. The understanding and recognition of visitors’ overall needs, when visiting the park and the surrounding countryside, is also needed by actors such as municipality decision makers and inhabitants of rural communities.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1058			Serial	2650
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	Author	Neuvonen, M.; Pouta, E.; Sievänen, T.,
	Title	National park visitors’ attachment to a place, quality perceptions and visit intention			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	378-383
	Keywords	MMV4, Outdoor recreation, nature-based tourism, place attachment, rural tourism
	Abstract	National parks are often national icons and destinations for nature tourists. Park tourism is seen as a substantial cultural, social and economic phenomenon, which is going to be even more important with decreasing space and expanding human populations. Structural changes, such as decreasing primary production, in the economic base of rural communities, have forced communities to seek alternatives in order to maintain their economic viability. Park tourism is identified as an opportunity to strengthen the rural economy in regions that can provide natural amenity values and recreation services. The case study from three national parks in Finland, Seitseminen, Linnansaari and Repovesi National Park, analyses how park visitors relate to the park and surrounding rural area. The purpose of the study was to examine how the place attachment with intervening factors of quality of services and recreation environment explain the intention to visit the area again in the future. Data (N=736) was gathered by a mail questionnaire for park visitors. The majority, 64-71% of visitors planned to visit the park in next five years and 55-68% the area. About 10% of the visitors felt attached to the surrounding countryside of a national park. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied here to test how the hypothesized causal structure fits to observed data. The preliminary results showed that place attachment interacted positively and statistically significantly with the perceived quality of services and recreation environment. Those who were keen to a place are more satisfied to the services and recreation environment. Park visitors’ attachment to a region and satisfaction with the local services and hospitality correlated positively with their intention to revisit the region.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1054			Serial	2648
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	Author	Müller, M.; Mayer, M.; Woltering, M.; Job, H.,
	Title	Visitor attitudes towards natural disturbance: the case of the bark beetle in Bavarian Forest National Park, Germany			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	347-352
	Keywords	MMV4, perception, attitudes, natural disturbance, protected areas, tourism, bark beetles
	Abstract	Management authorities of protected areas have recently been faced with a considerable rise of natural disturbance such as fire or insect pests in ecosystems. Incorporating visitor experience of natural disturbance into management strategies is a crucial task. The present study uses multivariate statistical analysis to examine visitors’ attitudes towards large-scale bark beetle infestation in the case of Bavarian Forest National Park, Germany. Findings indicate that visitors have a neutral attitude towards the bark beetle and slightly reject controlling the bark beetle in the national park. Expectations of a successful recovery of the affected areas (green-up) and low personal issue salience are the two strongest predictors for support of not controlling the bark beetle. Our findings suggest that it is well possible to position protected areas as refuges where nature is supposed to follow its course without intervention rather than as landscaped representations of cultural ideal types. In order to communicate this idea of wilderness to visitors, park management authorities should design educational measures to raise visitors’ awareness of the ecological mandate of protected areas and of the role of disturbance agents in ecosystems.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1042			Serial	2642
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