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	Author	Pickering, C., Castley, G., Richardt, K.,
	Title	Informal trails fragmenting endangered remnant vegetation in Australia			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	364-365
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 535			Serial	2979
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	Author	Salak, B.; Kienast, F.; Lindberg, K.; Hunziker, M.,
	Title	Exposure, meanings and landscape-technology fit. A hierarchical analysis of peoples preferences towards landscape related energy scenarios and what they are based on			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	364-364
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	In response to the effects of climate change, many countries are realigning their energy systems to the principle of sustainability. An energy system change will lead to the development of substantial renewable energy infrastructure (mostly wind and photovoltaic) in landscapes with effects on perceived landscape quality and socio- political acceptance.Both direct perceptive effects of physical landscape structures and latent meanings associated with those structures potentially affect their acceptance.Until now it is mostly unclear how these effects affect peoples decision making. Recently discussions arose regarding the importance of individual concepts supporting interpretation and weighting of already existing knowledge and experience before decision making. This work evaluates the role of landscape-technology fit (Salak et al. 2021) (derived from place- technology fit(Devine-Wright 2009; McLachlan 2009)) representing the extent to which alternatives within each of these two components “fit” together (e.g., does a given type of renewable energy infrastructure fit well within some landscapes but not others?). It also evaluates the role latent meanings ascribed to landscapes and renewable energy infrastructure within that mentioned “fit” decision as well as the role of prior experience (exposure) to both.
	Call Number				Serial	4361
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	Author	Tyrvainen, L.; Neuvonen, M.; Pyky; R.; Ojala, A.; Borodulin, K.
	Title	Nature for physical activities promotion- role of green infrastructures in Finland			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	360-362
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	This presentation discusses first results from an ongoing NatureMove -study funded by Ministry of Culture and Education investigating i) to what extent accessibility of close-to-home recreation areas affects physical activity and ii) how individuals differ in their relationship with and perception of nature that might motivate residents being physically active outdoors.
	Call Number				Serial	4161
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	Author	Siegrist, D.; Bonnelame, L. K.,
	Title	Zero impact nature-based tourism			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	358-359
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	The climate crisis is one of the greatest challenges of our time. Tourism can also make an important contribution to solving these problems (Lenzen et al. 2018). Nature-based tourism is thereby of particular importance. This is especially because it is generally viewed as a more ecological version compared to other forms of tourism. Nature-based tourism offers a lot of experience in the field of sustainable development. In addition, it represents a growth in tourism worldwide (Haukeland et al. 2021). It is now a matter of further developing this form of tourism into a zero impact nature-based tourism.In 2015, as part of the Paris Climate Agreement, the international community decided to limit the average global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius compared to pre-industrial times, with a target of 1.5 degrees Celsius increase in temperature in order to prevent the most catastrophic damage to the climate (IPCC 2018). In the wake of the Paris Climate Agreement, numerous countries have announced that they want to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions to net zero by 2050 at the latest. These climate goals result in a special challenge for tourism, which contributes significantly to global warming with its greenhouse gas emissions on a global level as well as in individual countries (Loeh, Becken 2021).For tourism as a whole, the question arises as to which function it should play within the framework of the internationally established net zero goal. On a global scale, climate-damaging air traffic represents the greatest challenge for the tourism industry: Will tourism have to cope with significantly fewer flight kilometres in the future? How can the long-distance tourists that are no longer available in the destinations of the global south be replaced? Or will drive technologies for aircrafts be developed in the future that are climate-neutral? At a regional level of tourist destinations, too, a number of extremely relevant fields of action are affected with regard to climate protection. Mobility also plays a central role here, but there are also major challenges for the hotel industry and other areas with high greenhouse gas emissions (Gössling 2021).
	Call Number				Serial	4358
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	Author	Thorbjornsson, J.G., Burns, G.L., Chambers, C.P., Olafsdottir, J.H., Kristjansson, B.K.
	Title	Diving between continents: Visitor motivations, disturbance and management implications for Silfra, Iceland			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	357-359
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	The Silfra fissure in Iceland’s Thingvellir National Park is a unique destination. It is the only place in the world where tourists can dive and snorkel in the crack between two continental plates. Dive and snorkeling entries into Silfra have increased dramatically during the last few years, and the potential for disturbance of both the fissure’s ecosystem and the tourist experience requires monitoring and managing.This interdisciplinary study aimed to understand the motivations of dive visitors to Silfra and the impact of their dives. A mixed method approach to obtaining data from four key stakeholder groups included observation of divers, questionnaires completed by divers, tour guides and tour operators, and interviews with the Park managers. From the findings, management strategies to maintain the positive experience for divers while minimizing the negative impacts on the fissure are recommended.
	Call Number				Serial	3972
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	Author	Ryglova, K.; Turcinkova, J.,
	Title	Image as an Important Factor of Destination Management			Type
	Year	2004	Publication	Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 2 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	355-359
	Keywords	MMV2
	Abstract	For successful development of tourism in a region is a necessary condition to learn planning and using management principals. General characteristics of successful planning can be derived from experiences of their application in advanced countries but must be adapted to specific local regional conditions. Since 1989 (after the “Velvet Revolution”), the Czech Republic has become an attractive destination for many tourists from all over the world – it was a new, unknown and not financially demanding area. In the meantime, this trend has changed and Czech Republic has become a common tourist destination, which cannot exploit this competitive advantage any longer. Nowadays, when the differences between individual countries and regions are diminishing, and the main competitive forces are factors, such as image, which create the power of the “brand” of a particular destination. We can find that “the present tourism industry is formed by battle for destination, where the good brand sells”.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 326			Serial	2371
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	Author	Ólafsdóttir, R., Rut, K., Runnström, M.,
	Title	The Use of GIS in Sustainable Tourism Planning – a case study from Katla Geopark, Iceland			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	354-355
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 532			Serial	2976
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	Author	Taplin, R., Rodger, K., Moore, S.A.
	Title	The Multi-dimensional Components of Visitor Loyalty to Protected Areas			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	354-356
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	Visitor loyalty is important for protected areas not only for the revenue received from entrance fees and other charges but also for political support for their continued existence (Rodger et al., 2015, Weaver & Lawton, 2011). For this reason extensive research reported in the literature examines not only visitor loyalty but also the factors (such as service quality and visitor satisfaction) that may increase visitor loyalty (Moore et al. 2015). This paper adds to our understanding of loyalty as a complex construct. Factor analysis is used to demonstrate the multidimensional nature of loyalty and to explore these different dimensions. Implications for loyalty research are discussed.
	Call Number				Serial	3971
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	Author	Probstl-Haider, U.; Hodl, C.; Ginner, K.; Florian, B.,
	Title	Climate change: impacts on outdoor activities in the summer and shoulder seasonsin Austria – lessons learned.			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	354-355
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	The summer tourism market in Austria builds significantly on the countrys opportunities for outdoor recreation such as mountaineering, mountain biking or water sports. This presentation looks at the most important activities from a tourism perspective and considers the likelihood of impacts by climate change based on an extended literature review.It also examines current trends in tourism demand and concludes with both general and activity-specific adaptation and mitigation measures. The data collection and review process covered the relevant peer reviewed and grey literature. This comprehensive process was based on, and was open to, contributions by the full scientific community of relevant Austrian researchers and experts. The compilation process of the report followed quality standards such as the involvement of international partners as review editors within the review process.
	Call Number				Serial	4356
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	Author	Newman, P.; Manning, R.E.; Fristrup, K.,
	Title	Managing Soundscapes in National Parks: an adaptive management approach in Muir Woods National monument, California			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	353-353
	Keywords	MMV4, Soundscapes, visitor-caused noise, adaptive management Muir Woods National Monument, national parks
	Abstract	Research in national parks has begun to address the issue of human-caused noise and its resource and social impacts. This paper reports the results of a study conducted in the summer of 2007 that tested the efficacy and acceptability of management actions designed to reduce visitor-caused noise The study used an experimental or “adaptive” management” approach designed to test the effectiveness of temporal and spatial zoning to protect natural quiet in Muir Woods National Monument, California, an old growth redwood forest. The adaptive management experiment consisted of two treatments and an associated control. During all three periods, visitorcaused noise was recorded at a fixed location in the park and a visitor survey was conducted. The first treatment tested the effectiveness of a spatial zoning approach by establishing a “quiet zone” in Cathedral Grove through a series of park signs. The second treatment tested the effectiveness of a temporal zoning approach by establishing “quiet days” throughout the park through a series of park signs. The control period included neither of these treatments. Study findings indicate that both the “quiet zone” and “quiet day” treatments were effective in lowering the level of visitor-caused noise in the park as measured during the control period, and that visitors were highly supportive of these management actions.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1044			Serial	2643
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	Author	Kim, H.; Shoji, Y.; Tsuge, T.; Aikoh, T.; Kuriyama,K.
	Title	Understanding the demand for ecosystem services provides by park and green spaces: using the partial profile choice experiment			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	353-355
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	The aim of this study is to identify the demand for ecosystem services (ESs) provided by parks and green spaces in Sapporo (northern Japan) using a partial profile choice experiment (PPCE), which is an application of a discrete choice experiment (DCE).
	Call Number				Serial	4159
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	Author	Kyle, G.; Wallen, K.; Landon, A.; Schuett, M.
	Title	Mode effect and response rate issues in North American Mixed Mode Survey Research: Implications for Recreational Fisheries Management			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	349-351
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	The purpose of this study is to compare differences in response rates, socio-demographic characteristics, and angler behaviors, motivations, preferences, and expenditures between and within samples obtained from three common survey designs.
	Call Number				Serial	4158
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	Author	Kangas, K., Tolvanen, A., Tyrväinen, L., Tuulentie, S., Nikula, A., Kyttä, M.,
	Title	Socioecological tools for the planning of tourist destinations in Kainuu, Finland			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	348-349
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 529			Serial	2973
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	Author	Fredman, P.; Haukeland, J. V.; Dybedal, P.; Stokke, K. B.; Forbord, M.,
	Title	From place-based resources to value-added experiences: Future perspectives on Nature-based tourism			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	348-349
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Nature based tourism is framed and flavored not only by the socio economic conditions of the region where it occurs, but just as much by natural resources and opportunities to make use of them in a tourism context. This session summarizes five years of research on nature based tourism in the BIOTOUR project and discuss future prospect of this sector in the light of a greener economy, more robust communities and sustainable practices. It will also present key content from the recently published book “Nordic Perspectives on Nature-based Tourism. From place-based resources to value-added experiences”, edited by professors Peter Fredman and Jan Vidar Haukeland.
	Call Number				Serial	4354
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	Author	Kangas, K.; Siikamäki, P.; Luoto, M.; Ihantola, A.,
	Title	Does tourism affect bird populations in protected areas?			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	344-346
	Keywords	MMV4, Birds, Disturbance, Protected areas, Tourism
	Abstract	Human induced disturbance can have various impacts on birds. Disturbance has been found to affect for example behaviour, breeding success, species composition and density of birds. Despite of the growing number of disturbance research, little is known about impacts of recreation on forest bird communities as the focus has been mainly on behavioural responses of single species. There is a need for research on tourism-induced changes in bird communities in protected areas, as they are important for many rare and threatened species preferring natural habitats. We studied impacts of tourism on birds in Oulanka National Park, north-eastern Finland. Data on breeding bird pairs were collected with line transect method in hiking trails and in undisturbed control areas. We used general additive models (GAM) to investigate the importance of the tourism-related variables, i.e. visitor numbers in hiking trails and the area of infrastructure, as well as the habitat variables in explaining the variation in bird communities. The preliminary results show that the current tourism pressure has not caused substantial changes in bird communities of Oulanka NP. However, open-cup nesters showed negative response to the number of visitors.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1040			Serial	2641
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	Author	Taczanowska, K.; Mazur, A.; Brandenburg, C.; Czachs, C.; Latosinska, B.; Hibner, J.; Garcia-Masso, X.; Pardo, A.; Gonzalez, L.,
	Title	Human mobility patterns in outdoor recreational areas based on GPS-tracking data			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	342-343
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	New trends in leisure and outdoor recreation show an increased penetration of remote areas and the development of spatially unconstrained outdoor recreational activities (Bielanski et al, 20218; DAntonio & Monz, 2016; Meijles et al, 2014; Taczanowska et al, 2014; Taczanowska et al, 2008). Here we present the application of GPS tracking to monitor visitor behaviour in a popular nearby recreation destination located in the Kozienicka Primeval Forest, Poland. Particular focus of the study was investigation of the spatial and temporal behaviour of hikers in the forest, detection of resting locations as well as use of recreational infrastructure grouped by visitor profile.
	Call Number				Serial	4352
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	Author	Gstaettner, A.M.; Philipps, M.; Kobryn, H.; Rodger, K.; Lee, D.
	Title	Making use of visitor incident data in Karijini National Park: A western Australian case study			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	339-341
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	This paper illustrates, using Karijini National Park in Western Australia as an example, how the information obtained from incident recording and analysis systems has been used to inform and justify management decisions
	Call Number				Serial	4156
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	Author	Findlay, C.; Southwell, K.; Ward Thompson, C.; Salheen, M.; Aspinall, P.,
	Title	The Effectiveness of Wayfinding Systems with Forest Users			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	328-334
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	Forest wayfinding systems include the sources of information, content and presentation, that potential visitors use to find forest sites and maximise their experience of forest recreation. This paper presents original research from an on-going user-led study of signage at forest recreational sites across the UK, and is part-funded by the Forestry Commission. Research methods used in the study included structured interviews with forest users, a signage audit, observation-based behavioural studies and exploratory work with space syntax. The starting point for the study was an apparent low rating of satisfaction with road signs by visitors to Forestry Commission sites in annual visitor surveys. Signs are “…the most visible manifestation of corporate face” and function to “…provide reliable and accessible information to encourage and welcome visitors” (Forest Enterprise Signs Manual, 1997). Good signs also form part of a positive perception of woodlands (Burgess, 1995) and may be considered within the context of removing barriers to the use of the countryside by disabled people and socially excluded groups. The research found evidence that there were some problems with forest wayfinding, but that these problems are related more to the context, content and location of signs, rather than the materials and details of sign design. More consideration needs to be given to identifying the minimum but key information needs of users at key locations within the forest site. Signs are costly to design, construct, install and maintain, and a crucial concern must be to provide the minimum information for maximum benefit, based on what the user needs to know at each stage of the journey and forest experience. The study also highlighted the role of signage in site promotion, visitor expectations, conflicts between different user groups and accessibility of information. A model for signage to satisfy visitor information needs was developed. The results presented here cover phase 1 of the project and it is anticipated that the methodology developed during the research will have practical applications in evaluating and developing new signage systems, and the training of forest and other recreational site managers.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 512			Serial	2319
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	Author	Puhakka, R.; Pitkanen, K.; Oinonen, I.,
	Title	Does nature support the integration of immigrant youth? A study on adolescents in the city of Lahti, Finland			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	328-329
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Successful integration of immigrants has been identified as the key for future social and economic well-being in EU. In Finland, a great share of the recent immigrants consists of people who have come to Finland as asylum seekers from countries whose cultural and natural environment is different from the Nordic countries. Nature has traditionally played a central role in the Finnish identity, although there are signs of polarisation in relation to nature among younger generations (Hakoköngäs & Puhakka 2021).Meanwhile, it is increasingly recognised that contact with nature promotes psychological, physiological, and social well-being and health (Keniger et al. 2013). Contact with nature can play an important role for social cohesion and immigrant integration (Jay & Schraml 2009). Green spaces seem to be especially important for immigrant youth to make contacts and friends across cultures (Seeland et al. 2009). Hence, nature can be an important means for integration, but it should also be understood as a resource that should be equally accessible to all (Gentin et al. 2019). Gentin et al. (2019) have suggested that the relationship between nature and integration can be understood in terms of structural and cultural integration that emphasises the importance of equal access to natural environments and knowledge related to nature. Nature is also important for interactive and identificational integration by offering a platform and means for social interactions and a meaningful target to form emotional bonds with other people and places. This study applies the framework of integration (Esser 1999; Gentin et al. 2019) to study how nature supports the integration as well as the well-being of immigrant youth in Finland. We explore adolescents participation in outdoor recreation and their well-being experiences of and relationships with nature in the city of Lahti. We analyse the differences between the immigrant and non-immigrant groups to discuss how nature can support the health and well-being as well as interactive and identificational integration of immigrants, and how structurally and culturally inclusive nature is to the youth.
	Call Number				Serial	4346
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	Author	Ziener, K.,
	Title	Formal concept analysis – a method for exploring complex responses of tourist surveys			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	325-329
	Keywords	MMV4, Formal Concept Analysis, hierarchical structures, Lake Neusiedl Region, tourist surveys
	Abstract	The Formal concept analysis goes back to the 1940s and is advanced by Rudolf Wille in the eighties. Based on the algebraic lattice theory so-called concept lattices will be used for visualisation of hierarchical structures in a line diagram. The method needs as input a context consisting of sets of objects and attributes and a binary relation between these objects and attributes. In a concept lattice quantitative and qualitative data can be combined and relations between the objects as well as between the attributes can be analysed. Therefore concept lattices are suitable for analysing the results of surveys. The respondents and their answer patterns constitute the context. Precondition is a hierarchical structure of the answers (e.g. ordinal ordered data). In this presentation will be demonstrated how to use the line graph of the concept lattice for analysing complex questions of tourist surveys. As an example the main activities of about 600 tourists and daily visitors in the Lake Neusiedl Region are analysed. With the procedure of Formal Concept Analysis the different answer patterns of respondents are arranged as nodes in a line diagram. This diagram is constructed by means of two partial concept lattices that will be integrated later. The interpretation of the line graph will start at the biggest nodes, consider the whole structure of the graph and include additional attributes in order to describe groups of tourists with the same activity pattern.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1032			Serial	2637
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	Author	White, E.M.; English, D.K.
	Title	Measuring the spending of visitors to U.S. national forests over two decades			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	325-327
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	Understanding the magnitude and characteristics of spending by individuals recreating on national forests is key to describing how recreation use of the NFS affects the economy, both in communities around national forests and nationally. We have been conducting long-term research on recreation visitor spending patterns as part of the Forest Service National Visitor Use Monitoring (NVUM) Program. In this paper, we describe our approach to estimating visitor spending patterns and magnitude and report on the observed stability in spending patterns over time.
	Call Number				Serial	4151
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	Author	Melichar, J., Kaprova, K.
	Title	Measuring recreation benefits of forest quality change with contingent behavior model			Type
	Year	2016	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 8 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	319-322
	Keywords	MMV8
	Abstract	In this study, a single site travel cost model is applied to infer recreational values placed by visitors on Jizerské hory Mountains (JH), one of the oldest landscape protected areas in the Czech Republic. Observed and stated behavior of recreationists are analyzed and used to estimate welfare changes associated with four hypothetical programs that improve or degrade the environmental quality in the area. The hypothetical scenarios are (i) decline of the forest quality of the existing spruce wood in the near future because of continuing air pollution (70% of spruce forest destroyed), (ii) change of forestry composition to 80% of broad-leaved trees which are more resistant to air pollution than spruce wood, (iii) the designation of the bird area as a Natura 2000 network which will cover 40% of the area and increases the number of birds, and (iv) charging an entrance fee into the bird area of 30 CZK.
	Call Number				Serial	3960
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	Author	Yamaki, K.; Shoji, Y.,
	Title	Classification of trail settings in an alpine national park using the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum approach			Type
	Year	2004	Publication	Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 2 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	318-323
	Keywords	MMV2
	Abstract	Considering trail settings in alpine national parks is important for both conserving nature and maximizing the quality of the experience for visitors. This study examines classifying trails in Daisetsuzan National Park, Japan, using the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum approach. A questionnaire was used to obtain data from park visitors concerning their preferences for the facility developments, accessibility, and visitor encounters. The responses were classified into four groups according to the preferences expressed for the types of trail settings. The trails were classified according to their characteristics as described by park visitors. The northern part of the park, with easier access and moderate development, was preferred by all groups, and the southern part of the park was preferred only by the those who favored more primitive surroundings.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 314			Serial	2365
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	Author	Kling, K. G.,
	Title	Balancing values of accessible nature-based tourism, nature conservation and the visitor experience			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	318-319
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Spending time in nature and participating in outdoor activities has positive effects on the health and well-being of individuals, and nature-based tourism and outdoor recreation have the potential to provide an appropriate setting to engage in such activities (Farkic et al., 2020; Lackey et al., 2019). Even though our understanding of the benefits of nature experiences is well established, there remains unequal access to nature and nature-based activities among different groups in society. People with disabilities are often excluded from being able to fully participate in nature-based tourism and recreation due to physical and social barriers. There is therefore a need for natural areas to become more inclusive and cater to the needs of diverse groups of visitors (Menzies et al., 2020). The accommodation and adjustment of natural areas so that they become more inclusive for people with disabilities nevertheless entails some contradiction of values, especially between accessible nature-based tourism, nature conservation and the visitor experience (Corazon et al., 2019; Donlon, 2000). Increased accessibility in, as well as to, natural areas often means expanding infrastructure and improving facilities; actions which can have an impact on visitors perceptions of untouched nature and raise questions as to whether they are compatible with the objectives of nature conservation (Tverijonaite et al., 2018). However, political objectives of accessible nature for all are highly important in the context of social sustainability and social inclusion, and managers and planners of natural areas therefore have to balance these differing values in order to ensure that different interests and expectations are met. This balancing creates a moral dilemma concerning access to nature: who has access and who is excluded, and how should values be prioritised?
	Call Number				Serial	4341
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	Author	Prescott, M.; Robillard, J.; Grandisson, M.; Mahmood, A.; Francois, R.; Best, K.L.; Labbe, D.; Mostafavi, M. A.; Miller, W. C.; Morales, E.; Sawatzky, B.; Bulk, L.; Aguilar-Carrasco, M. J.; Borisoff, J.; Mortenson, W. B.,
	Title	Providing accessible recreation outdoors: User-driven research on standards (PARCOURS) – Research protocol			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	316-317
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Although people with disabilities desire outdoor park experiences similar to other visitors, getting around parks and enjoying their features can be a challenge. There are environmental obstacles and hazards that affect the accessibility and enjoyment of parks (i.e., wayfaring) as well as difficulties maintaining orientation and direction (i.e., wayfinding) that can result in anxiety. These conditions can diminish the many benefits attributable to park participation. In Canada, federal parks have a duty to accommodate, as best they can, the diverse needs and preferences of people with disabilities who make up 22.3% of the population. In response to this imperative, Canada is in the process of developing accessibility standards to ensure universal access. The overarching purpose of this study, funded by Accessible Standards Canada (ASC), is to inform these standards through the lived experiences of people with disabilities. The objectives are to identify and prioritize the impact environmental factors have on the ability of individuals to gain access to and enjoyment of all aspects of the park experience, document the range of these requirements, and develop and prioritize standards that can be used by parks to promote accessibility in parks. The following describes the proposed protocol for the study.
	Call Number				Serial	4340
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	Author	Tyrväinen, L., Järviluoma, J., Nikkola, K., Silvennoinen, H.,
	Title	Windpower in a nature-based tourism area – green energy or landscape disturbance?			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	314-315
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 514			Serial	2958
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	Author	Taczanowska, K.; Muhar, A.; Arnberger, A.,
	Title	Exploring Spatial Behaviour of Individual Visitors as Background for Agent-Based Simulation			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	313-314
	Keywords	MMV3, Spatial behaviour, visitor flows, agent-based simulation, GIS, recreation
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 740			Serial	2493
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	Author	Pardy, B., Whytock, K.,
	Title	An integrated visitor experience opportunities concept for Fundy National Park and partners			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	312-313
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 513			Serial	2957
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	Author	Taczanowska,K.; González,L-M.; Garcia-Massó,X.; Muhar,A.; Brandenburg,C.; Toca-Herrera,J-L.
	Title	Combining GPS-tracking and graph theory for evaluating the functionality of hiking trails in recreational areas			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	310-311
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3114
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	Author	Aikoh, T., Ohba, K., Shoji, Y., Kubo, T.,
	Title	Visitors’ attitudes toward introducing a new visitor management program into a brown bear habitat in Japan			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	308-309
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 511			Serial	2955
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	Author	Čulinović,K.; Magdić,N.; Špoljarić,S.; Rendulić,Ž.
	Title	Educational and recreational trails of forest ecosystems – New trekking possibilities in Plitvička jezera National Park			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	306
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3032
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	Author	Shoji, Y.; Yamaki, K.,
	Title	Visitor Perceptions of the Inscription on the World Heritage List: The Use of Stated Choice Methods			Type
	Year	2004	Publication	Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 2 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	305-310
	Keywords	MMV2
	Abstract	This study examines how visitors to Daisetsuzan National Park in Japan perceive its inscription on the World Heritage List by applying stated choice methods. Most visitors regarded the inscription as favourable although their willingness to pay indicated that better visitor control and further conservation of natural resources would be necessary by taking opportunity of the inscription. However, the current situation of World Heritage sites in Japan indicates that the domestic management system of natural resources is inadequate to realize these visitor visions. We conclude that the nomination of Daisetsuzan National Park for the World Heritage List should be reconsidered, but only after the Japanese management system for natural resources has been improved.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 310			Serial	2363
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	Author	Mamemo, K.; Shoji, T.; Kubo, T.; Tsuge, T.; Kuriyama, K.
	Title	Understanding the value of opportunities for tourist support in managing non-native invasive species			Type
	Year	2018	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 9 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	305-308
	Keywords	MMV9
	Abstract	This paper examines the value of opportunities for tourist support for managing non-native invasive species while on their trip. Recently, an approach for involving the public, especially tourists, in the management of non-native species has attracted much attention. We examined the eradication program for carp and the mangrove canoe tour as a case study. In addition, this research contributes to the development of volunteer tourism.
	Call Number				Serial	4145
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	Author	Chilman, K.; Wadzinski, L.; West, A.,
	Title	A new recreation visitor inventory that parallels other resource inventories			Type
	Year	2008	Publication	Management for Protection and Sustainable Development	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 4 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	301-304
	Keywords	MMV4, Decision-making, management, public participation, visitor inventory
	Abstract	A Rapid Assessment Visitor Inventory (RAVI) has been developed for inexpensively obtaining representative samples of place-specific visitor numbers and perceptions of attributes of their visit experience. It has been tested in 13 studies on 7 federal and state parks and conservation areas in 4 states. The inventory data are used by field-level managers in decision meetings with other persons in the management organization and with individuals and groups external to the organization. Examples of the application and use of a RAVI study, and a repeat measurement for monitoring purposes are discussed.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1022			Serial	2632
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	Author	Wasem, K.; Mönnecke, M.,
	Title	Outdoor Activities in Nature and Landscape – Practice-Oriented Solutions			Type
	Year	2006	Publication	Exploring the Nature of Management	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 3 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	300-302
	Keywords	MMV3, Outdoor activities, nature sports, good practice examples, sensitisation, environmental communication, conflict resolution, success factors, toolbox
	Abstract
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 730			Serial	2488
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	Author	Piotrowski, K.; Rogowski, M.; Mickiewicz, A.,
	Title	Assessment and accuracy improvement of monitoring of tourism traffic in a mid-mountain national park (MSTT: Monitoring System of tourist traffic) in Stołowe Mountains National Park, SW Poland			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	290-291
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	The sustainable management of vulnerable natural areas requires accurate measurement of visitor flows, especially in protected natural areas (Andersen et al. 2013). According to Andersen et al. (2013), the most often used counting system is a pyroelectric sensor that features a lens sensitive to heat radiation emitted by the human body (Eco-Counter model: PYRO sensor). An important challenge with automatic counting systems is their accuracy, since all types of counters are subject to counting errors (Pettebone et al. 2010).This study focuses on visitor counting accuracy in national parks situated in mountain areas that are also one of the most popular tourist areas. It illustrates the attention to detail required to carry out accurate visitor counting. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of pyroelectric sensor measurement errors in relation to different visitor flow levels and different time intervals between visitors. This verification was based on field experiments and on-site observations of the pyroelectric sensors working as part of the Monitoring System of tourist traffic (MSTT) in Stolowe Mountain National Park (SMNP) in Sudety Mountains, southwestern Poland. SMNP is visited by about 900,000 tourists per year. (Rogowski 2020). In mountain areas, it is difficult to collect data over a longer period of time. In addition, field and weather conditions may yield a higher error rate. This evaluation of accuracy was performed to yield calibration formulas.
	Call Number				Serial	4329
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	Author	Breyne, J.; Marechal, K.; Dufrene, M.,
	Title	Monitoring visitors in diffuse nature areas, a case study in the Belgian Ardenne			Type
	Year	2021	Publication	The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MINA fagrapport	Issue		Pages	288-289
	Keywords	MMV10
	Abstract	Nature-based tourism and recreation are ecosystem services that have the potential to benefit human wellbeing, as well as local economies (Haines-Young and Potschin, 2010). They can therefore represent an important political argument to conserve and restore nature areas (Schirpke et al., 2018). However, for these contributions to be acknowledged, they should first be monitored. The number of visits to nature areas has been recognised as one of the major indicators to assess nature-based tourism and recreation (Schägner et al., 2018). Visiting frequencies are, for example, crucial for the estimation of economic contributions. However, for diffuse nature areas with multiple entry and exit points, this data is often scarce, scattered and imprecise. Recently, innovative technologies have allowed to obtain more continuous and/or detailed data for both small and larger areas (Kellner and Egger, 2016). Our research used two of those methodologies to estimate visitor frequencies in nature areas: 1) an analysis based on passive mobile phone positioning data and 2) automatized image analysis based on photos issued from camera traps. Our case study area concerns the Ardenne forests, located in southern Belgium (Walloon region) for the period spring 2018 – summer 2019. The aim of this research is to improve ecosystem services assessments concerning nature-based tourism and recreation and, by doing so, facilitate ES being taken into account by site managers and policy makers in the sustainable management of nature areas.
	Call Number				Serial	4328
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	Author	Sumiyoshi, Y.; Uchiyama, K.,
	Title	Recent Trends of Park Use at Tokyo Metropolitan Area			Type
	Year	2002	Publication	Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 1 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	284-289
	Keywords	MMV1
	Abstract	Tokyo Metropolitan Government has studying its urban parks since 1982. Several parks are selected in each year, and the parks under study are increasing. The cost has already amounted more than 10 million yen. At 69 parks, the government counted the visitors’ number of the monitoring day and interviewed age of visitors, their way of access, purposes of visit, their impressions of the parks and the requirements of the park management. The results were totaled at each park category. The categories were: A, famous park well facilitated; B, city park with wide. grassy open space; C, sports parks; D, natural forest parks in hilly area; E, historic garden parks with admission; and F, small parks. The density of visitors ranged from 1-200 persons per hectare, and 80% of parks had a density below 50 persons per hectare. The inducement sphere, 80% of visitors accessible, was ranged from 1-50km; the widest radius was observed at the parks with admission and the park at the city center. A frequent arrival of the visitors was observed 1-2 p.m. and the exit was 2-3 p.m. at the historical gardens (E type). The parks, less than 20 hectare, showed the increase in visitor numbers in proportion to the park area. B type park showed the increase of residence time in relation to the park area. Congestion had a bipolar effect on visitors’ satisfaction: each park has its own comfortable visitor density.
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 498			Serial	2312
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	Author	Taczanowska, K., Brandenburg, C., Schauppenlehner, T., Eder, R., Garcia-Massó, X., González, L., Toca-Herrera, J., Muhar, A.,
	Title	GPS-based data collection and analysis methods for better management of recreational areas			Type
	Year	2012	Publication	The 6th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Outdoor Recreation in Change – Current Knowledge and Future Challenges	Abbreviated Journal	NULL
	Volume	MMV 6 - Proceedings	Issue	NULL	Pages	284-285
	Keywords	MMV6
	Abstract	NULL
	Call Number	ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 500			Serial	2944
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	Author	Aoki,Y.; Rupprecht,C.; KumagaI,K.
	Title	Recreation research trends of MMV, 2002-2012			Type
	Year	2014	Publication	The 7th International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitors in Recreational and Protected Areas: Local Community and Outdoor Recreation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	MMV 7 - Proceedings	Issue		Pages	280-282
	Keywords	MMV7
	Abstract
	Call Number				Serial	3009
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