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Author Slabbert, L.; Moore, K.
Title Kruger National Park Bush Braai experiences – critical success factors, visitor preferences and willingness to pay Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 476-477
Keywords MMV9
Abstract At the time of the research, future plans involved operating such a service from three gates in the south of the Park: Crocodile Bridge, Phabeni and Phalaborwa. A strong and clear market orientation is needed to advance consumer acceptance of a product perceived as ‘new’ by some tourists (Kirca, Jayachandran & Bearden, 2005), which lead the management of SANParks to request research to gauge visitors’ perceptions of an ideal Bush Braai experience to aid the product development and strengthen the existing product offerings run from the rest camps in the Park.
Call Number Serial 4200
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Author Gstaettner, A.M.; Weiler, B.; Rodger, K.; Lee, D.
Title Exploring responsability sharing between visitors and managers: Results of a Delphi study Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 436-439
Keywords MMV9
Abstract The management of visitor safety is multifaceted and complex, and ambiguity often exists in terms of whether and how much individual visitors share responsibility for their safety with park management authorities (Rickard 2012). In an effort to explore the perspectives of protected area managers, a qualitative study has been conducted to explore the concept of responsibility-sharing in recreational and protected areas in Australia. The study sought to answer questions such as: who shares responsibility for visitor safety in protected areas; why are responsibilities shared; and how may responsibility-sharing vary across different visitation contexts at different sites?
Call Number Serial 4187
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Author Sakic, K.; Skarica, V.
Title Sustainable financing of national and nature parks in Croatia and prossibilities for introducing the new finance mechanisms for biodiversity Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 402-404
Keywords MMV9
Abstract This paper provides an overview of the current finance mechanism of the national parks and nature parks in the Republic of Croatia and outlines different schemes of innovative funding mechanism that can be applied to ensure stable and sufficient long-term financial resource (e.g. payment for ecosystem services, trust funds and green taxes mechanism resources, finding new donors such as large corporations, special fund-raising campaigns, volunteers actions for some specific jobs…).
Call Number Serial 4175
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Author Dehez, J.; Lyser, S.; Kuentz, V., Ben Hadj Abdallah, K.
Title Place-based approach to outdoor recreation economics: empirical analysis of recreational deman in forests Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 394-396
Keywords MMV9
Abstract In this paper, we take a first step towards the introduction of more place-based perspectives into the field of outdoor recreation economics. We examine the possibility of coupling two conceptual traditions, as synthesized by a dual definition of “proximity”.
Call Number Serial 4172
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Author Newman, P.; Miller, Z.; Levanhagen, M.; Francis, C.D.; Petrelli, A.; Abbot, L.; Shr, Y-H; Taff, B.; White, C.; Fristrup, K.; Monz, C.; McClure, C.; Barber, J.
Title Sounds as an element of human-coupled systems: Social-Ecological Evidence from Muir Woods National Monument Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 375-377
Keywords MMV9
Abstract Sounds have a profound impact on both social and ecological components of the environment (Francis et al., 2017). Although many studies have studied the social and ecological soundscape components independently (Francis et al., 2017), no research has examined the coupled social-ecological impacts of natural sounds. In this presentation we discuss findings from Muir Woods National Monument (MUWO) in California, USA, that shows how both social and ecological components of the soundscape influence and are influenced by each other in a dynamic and synergistic human-natural coupled system.
Call Number Serial 4166
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Author Tyrvainen, L.; Neuvonen, M.; Pyky; R.; Ojala, A.; Borodulin, K.
Title Nature for physical activities promotion- role of green infrastructures in Finland Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 360-362
Keywords MMV9
Abstract This presentation discusses first results from an ongoing NatureMove -study funded by Ministry of Culture and Education investigating i) to what extent accessibility of close-to-home recreation areas affects physical activity and ii) how individuals differ in their relationship with and perception of nature that might motivate residents being physically active outdoors.
Call Number Serial 4161
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Author Kim, H.; Shoji, Y.; Tsuge, T.; Aikoh, T.; Kuriyama,K.
Title Understanding the demand for ecosystem services provides by park and green spaces: using the partial profile choice experiment Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 353-355
Keywords MMV9
Abstract The aim of this study is to identify the demand for ecosystem services (ESs) provided by parks and green spaces in Sapporo (northern Japan) using a partial profile choice experiment (PPCE), which is an application of a discrete choice experiment (DCE).
Call Number Serial 4159
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Author Kyle, G.; Wallen, K.; Landon, A.; Schuett, M.
Title Mode effect and response rate issues in North American Mixed Mode Survey Research: Implications for Recreational Fisheries Management Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 349-351
Keywords MMV9
Abstract The purpose of this study is to compare differences in response rates, socio-demographic characteristics, and angler behaviors, motivations, preferences, and expenditures between and within samples obtained from three common survey designs.
Call Number Serial 4158
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Author Gstaettner, A.M.; Philipps, M.; Kobryn, H.; Rodger, K.; Lee, D.
Title Making use of visitor incident data in Karijini National Park: A western Australian case study Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 339-341
Keywords MMV9
Abstract This paper illustrates, using Karijini National Park in Western Australia as an example, how the information obtained from incident recording and analysis systems has been used to inform and justify management decisions
Call Number Serial 4156
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Author White, E.M.; English, D.K.
Title Measuring the spending of visitors to U.S. national forests over two decades Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 325-327
Keywords MMV9
Abstract Understanding the magnitude and characteristics of spending by individuals recreating on national forests is key to describing how recreation use of the NFS affects the economy, both in communities around national forests and nationally. We have been conducting long-term research on recreation visitor spending patterns as part of the Forest Service National Visitor Use Monitoring (NVUM) Program. In this paper, we describe our approach to estimating visitor spending patterns and magnitude and report on the observed stability in spending patterns over time.
Call Number Serial 4151
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Author Mamemo, K.; Shoji, T.; Kubo, T.; Tsuge, T.; Kuriyama, K.
Title Understanding the value of opportunities for tourist support in managing non-native invasive species Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 305-308
Keywords MMV9
Abstract This paper examines the value of opportunities for tourist support for managing non-native invasive species while on their trip. Recently, an approach for involving the public, especially tourists, in the management of non-native species has attracted much attention. We examined the eradication program for carp and the mangrove canoe tour as a case study. In addition, this research contributes to the development of volunteer tourism.
Call Number Serial 4145
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Author Moreira, J.C; Burns, R.C.; de Carvalho, G.K.
Title Use of game cameras and interviews to monitor visitors: is there crowding in the Iguaçu National Park – Brazil Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 276-277
Keywords MMV9
Abstract  The objective of this effort was to collect data with cameras and to verify the satisfaction of the visitor and their crowding perception. The methodology involved interviews with 920 visitors and on-site data collection using a Plotwatcher camera. Camera images were collected each day, between 09h and 19h. Visitors were asked about their perception related with the number of people who were on the park at that time. The interviews took place between December 2017 and January 2018. Photos were also presented with 3 different scenarios to obtain visitors’ perceptions of the number of other visitors in the park. The three options were pictures with few people, with many people and a vast number of other people, so the visitor could answer which photo he preferred.
Call Number Serial 4132
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Author Klanjscek, J.; Gecek, S.; Sakic, K.; Klanjscek, T.
Title Quantifying effects of signs on visitor flow in NP Krka Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 274-275
Keywords MMV9
Abstract To quantify the ensuing effects on visitor movement, data on visitor movement before (2015) and after (2017) sign installation were analyzed. Data were collected using an app written for Android where each visitor (time of passage and direction of movement) was recorded on two locations at Skradinski buk – near the bridge and on the footpath in both years. Measurements were carried out in August during the summer season, when crowding is highest.
Call Number Serial 4131
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Author Kaprova, K.; Melichar, J.; Kohlovd, M.
Title A synthesis of recreation values of European forested areas and implications for national benefit transfers Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 262-263
Keywords MMV9
Abstract Our results demonstrate that the outcomes of primary studies focusing on estimation of recreation demand and values associated with non-urban forests vary significantly across Europe. We successfully disentangle the effects of methodological and study site variables on the recreation value. However, in accordance with the previous works, the direct measurement of the effect of proxies for recreationists´ preferences or cultural differences across studies and countries is not straightforward, because the data available are very limited.
Call Number Serial 4127
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Author English, D.K.; Zarnoch, S.J., White, E.M.
Title Estimating Daily Existing Traiffic from National Forest recreation Sites Using Short-Term Observations Counts Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 252-254
Keywords MMV9
Abstract Our goal was to develop estimates of daily (24-hour) exiting traffic volume using just the 6-hour observational count of exiting traffic and two variables from the interviews. More exactly, our goal was to develop 24-hour estimates from the 6-hour counts that were equivalent to the estimates generated from the current NVUM method. If our work was successful, we could eliminate the data quality issues and costs of the mechanical counters without appreciably changing the resulting estimates of visitation. We present our analytic process and results, and an evaluation of how well the process worked.
Call Number Serial 4123
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Author Haukeland, J.V.; Stokke, K.B.
Title The participation of tourism and outdoor recreation interests in coastal national park management in Norway – a lack of integration Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 211-213
Keywords MMV9
Abstract The paper addresses the participation of outdoor recreation and tourism stakeholders in the management of two Norwegian coastal national parks. By means of individual interviews, we aim to reveal stakeholders’ roles and functions in the management systems of Ytre Hvaler and Færder national parks.
Call Number Serial 4109
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Author Forbord, M.; Lindberg, K.; Siverstvik, R.M.
Title Nature based firms and community resilience Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 187-189
Keywords MMV9
Abstract In rural communities, nature-based tourism (NBT) potentially contributes to resilience. The purpose of this paper is to discuss three aspects of resilience (ecological, economic, and social) with reference to NBT and illustrate this through findings from a study of NBT firms in Norway. The study is part of a cross-disciplinary research project on NBT (BIOTOUR) taking place 2016 to 2020.
Call Number Serial 4100
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Author Fredman, P.; Vidar, J.; Tyrvainen, L.; Siegrest, D.; Lindberg, K.
Title Prominent trends in nature-based tourism – An international comparison Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 181-183
Keywords MMV9
Abstract Nature-based tourism (NBT) is an increasingly important sector of the economy for many countries rich in outdoor recreation opportunities, especially so in rural regions where expectations for economic growth are high (Hall & Boyd, 2005; Fredman & Tyrväinen, 2010). NBT is also subject to significant changes due to social, technological, economic, environmental and political factors, referred to as mega-trends (Dwyer et al., 2008), where a trend implies a general direction in which something is developing, changing or people are behaving. This paper aims to identify the most prominent trends in NBT within and across five countries / regions with respect to their commercial potential.
Call Number Serial 4098
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Author Lupp, G.; Kasbauer, K.; Schisslbauer, J.; Kantelberg; V.; Paulet, S.
Title Perception of Forest and Forest Management by Germans and Migrants using Photovoice Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 156-157
Keywords MMV9
Abstract Recently, Photovoice as a qualitative approach has received increasing attention. People take photos of features considered relevant for the respective research questions. Afterwards, individual photographers explain in semi-structured interviews why they have taken these pictures (Wang & Burris 1997, Heyman 2012). In our study, volunteer participants, both Germans and migrants (persons not having been born in Germany) walked a 4 km loop trail in the Weltwald Freising near Munich and took pictures of the forest. At the end of the walk, persons explained why they had chosen to take the respective pictures.
Call Number Serial 4089
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Author Proestholm, S.; Gentin, S.Pitkanen, K.; Chondromatidou, A; Dolling, A.; Palsdottir, A.M.
Title Nature-based integration in the Nordic Countries – practices and perspectives Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 154-155
Keywords MMV9
Abstract In order to increase the understanding of the role of nature and cultural ecosystem services in the social integration of immigrants into the Nordic societies, the Nordic Council of Ministers (NCM) has funded project ORIGIN (Outdoor recreation, nature interpretation and integration in Nordic Countries). In order to facilitate a better knowledge exchange across borders, the ORIGIN project initiated annual Nordic workshops on nature-based integration, and a network of researchers, NGOs and public and private actors working in the fields of immigrant integration and/or nature was formed.
Call Number Serial 4088
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Author Gentin, S.; Pitkanen, K.; Chondromatidou, A.; Dolling, A.; Proestholm, S.; Palsdottir, A.M.
Title Nature based integration in Europe – a review Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 152-153
Keywords MMV9
Abstract There is a need for investigating the links between immigration and nature; and there are two perspectives, which this review aims to contributing. The first perspective relates to what role nature can play or already plays in terms of integrating immigrants into their new countries of residence. The second perspective is rooted in a social environmental justice perspective, where focusing on the new Europeans should have the same rights and treatment (e.g. benefits of natural areas in terms of ecosystem services; or access to high quality natural environment) regardless of their ethnic background.
Call Number Serial 4087
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Author Godtman Kling, K.; Wall-Reinius, S.;
Title Negotiating co-existence in a multifonctional landscape : trails as facilitators for communication Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 108-109
Keywords MMV9
Abstract This research contributes to the existing literature on handling multiple land-use interests, and adds to previous knowledge by taking on a rather new approach; that of the recreational trail as a facilitator for communication
Call Number Serial 4073
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Author Ota, H.; Kasama, S.; Mastuda, Y.; Iwata; K.
Title Issues on Footpaths Linking Attractive Public Open Spaces in Hokkaido: from the Perspectives of Recreational Use of the Countryside Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 102-104
Keywords MMV9
Abstract To clarify actual situations of footpaths running through public open spaces in Hokkaido and problems concerning creation, management and maintenance of footpaths, this study examined reference materials of footpaths in Hokkaido and carried out their field research, hearing survey to their operators, and questionnaire survey to footpath users.
Call Number Serial 4071
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Author Miller, A.; Cerveny, L.; Selin, S.; Blahna, D.; McCool S.; Helmer, M.; Barborak.J.
Title New Directions in Sustainable Recreation Research: Results of a U.S. National Assessment and Multi-stakeholder Workshop Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 97-98
Keywords MMV9
Abstract In 2017, a group of 14 U.S. public land managers, researchers, and non-governmental partners from around the country started an effort to convene key players in outdoor recreation to take a holistic look at outdoor recreation management through a social-ecological sustainability lens. The goals of this effort were to identify current gaps in recreation management and research, identify new and emerging tools and processes for managing recreation, build a research agenda to develop and evaluate new tools and concepts, and cultivate a community of practice.
Call Number Serial 4069
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Author Stokke, K.B.,
Title Visitor management for nature-based tourism and community development: Participation across protected area borders Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 27-29
Keywords MMV9
Abstract In this paper, we discuss the role of the regional parks as a bridge-builder among the environmental conservation authority, municipalities and other actors in order to create sustainable synergies between tourism and community development
Call Number Serial 4046
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Author Oian, H.; Fredman, P.; Sandell, K.; Saeforsdottir, A.D.; Tyrvainen, L.; Sondergeard Jensen, F.,
Title Visitor influx and sustainable tourism development – paradoxes and dilemnas in the Nordic countries Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 23-25
Keywords MMV9
Abstract Visitors’ experiences of nature attractions are at the core of the tourism industry of the Nordic countries. The main aim with this presentation is to discuss some dilemmas and paradoxes arising from the efforts of finding sustainable solutions to urgent problems caused by the rather sudden influx of tourist and the increasing variety of demands that follows from this
Call Number Serial 4045
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Author Lindberg, K.,
Title Beyond recreation experience and expenditure: Well-being and resilience in naturel area-human community systems Type
Year 2018 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas – ABSTRACT BOOK Abbreviated Journal
Volume MMV 9 - Proceedings Issue Pages 5-6
Keywords MMV9
Abstract This presentation will review well-being and resilience concepts and recent research, describe case studies and results, and suggest opportunities for future research and management. The well-being case study is based on a general population survey in Bend, Oregon, USA, while the community resilience case study is based on a nationwide survey of NBT firms in Norway
Call Number Serial 4039
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Author Gona, J. K.,
Title The need for Local Community Resilience in Sustainable Tourism Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 28-28
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Tourism utilises substantial community assets and is to a large extent dependent on community willingness and acceptance of visitors. Community assets and community attitudes are therefore necessary for balanced growth, which is sustainable tourism. Whereas sustainable tourism is anchored on social, environmental and economic pillars, they are not stand-alone pillars. Environmental and economic pillars lean on the community pillar. In this context, community is broadened to include residents in destinations and all local providers of experiences in destinations. Sustainable tourism should focus on strategies to build resilience in order to strengthen environmental and economic pillars that support balanced growth.
Call Number Serial 4386
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Author Sagheim, K. B.; Lerfald, M.; Kvamme, S.,
Title Sharing in the context of nature-based tourism Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 402-403
Keywords MMV10
Abstract The tourism sector is impacted by megatrends such as increased availability of high-tech equipment, information and communication technology (ICT) and the sharing economy (SE) (Elmahdy et al. 2017). High-tech equipment and clothing provide tourists with increased comfort and safety. The ICT enables online booking and digital communication and in recent years, digital platforms have enabled sharing of underutilized assets with strangers. These global trends expect to affect the demand for nature-based tourism experiences, and the way people engage with nature (Fredman & Margaryan 2020, p. 6). A part of the nature-based tourism (NBT) sector is equipment-intensive, with activity-adapted development of specialized equipment and clothing (e.g., Randonnée, kiting, kayaking). The equipment is often expensive and underutilized. One of the key themes in the NBT literature is to understand the role of NBT in the context of global transformations as (among others) the SE (Elmahdy et al. 2017; Fredman & Margaryan 2020). The SE includes a broad set of activities and concepts, from Airbnb and Uber to companies enabling temporary transactions of assets, often labelled access-based consumption (Eckhardt & Bardhi 2015) or on-demand renters (Trabucchi et al. 2019). The focus in access-based consumption, is to gain access to goods or services for a limited period without acquiring ownership (Eckhardt & Bardhi 2015). Moreover, on-demand renters are characterized by companies which enable a temporary transaction of new assets (Trabucchi et al. 2019, p. 1007). These approaches present an innovative version of the traditional renting business model where the companies provide a platform that offers direct access to shared assets (B2C, C2C), without any human intermediaries (Trabucchi et al. 2019). The literature on SE is growing but has a strong bias towards cities and metropolitan regions. More knowledge is needed about the development of the SE in peripheral areas (Agarwal & Steinmetz 2019). With this backdrop there is a need for more knowledge about what people are willing to share and with whom, and how the use of technology can affect the NBT experiences. Findings from Iversen and Hem (2018) and Fredman & Margaryan (2020) underpin these knowledge gaps. To fill these gaps, the purpose of this article is to investigate attitudes towards sharing of gear (including clothes) among tourists doing NBT in Norway, aiming to increase our knowledge about NBT in the context of sharing economy and to contribute to the knowledge gap about sharing economy in general and in peripheral areas in particular.
Call Number Serial 4377
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Author Clemetsen, M.; Stokke, K. B.,
Title Creating synergies between nature-based tourism and local community development through enhanced dialogue processes. Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 398-399
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Nature-based tourism (NBT) has for decades been a major resource for value creation and local development in rural districts in Norway. However, in recent years some areas have experienced an increasing pressure from the tourism industry, both in fjord- and coastal and mountain regions (Stokke et al. 2017). A more fine-tuned and sensitive attitude to attractions related to wildlife, quietness, and local stories and storytelling is emerging, and has a substantial potential for integrating NBT and local community development.In a long-term perspective, it is essential for municipalities and local communities to balance the influx of tourists and the capacity to welcome them. To inform planning and development processes, it is therefore important to understand the tangible and intangible place-based values and resources attached to minor rural communities.In the present global situation represented by the pandemic lock down, climate and bio-diversity crises, there is a growing awareness in local and regional governments, that tourism in general, and nature-based tourism specifically, also should be a partner in developing place-based and sustainable transition-processes (Clemetsen et al 2021).This might involve a broad variety of actors, from local residents – young and older, small scale entrepreneurs, farmers, schools, municipal administrators, etc. Thus, in the process of developing strategies for an unknown and uncertain future, there is a need to apply appropriate process tools that may foster development of shared visions, strategies and measures that support sustainable development. The complexity in the process of understanding place, place-based values, and their potential for future value creation, demand methods that commits the participants beyond what is required in ordinary local planning processes. To pursue this ambition, it is necessary to create arenas for negotiation of interests, and for developing strategies for social and economic initiatives involving the local community, the municipality, and other stakeholders.On the background of a participatory workshop conducted in the BIOTOUR[1] case area in Trysil municipality in 2019, we will discuss possible methods and tools that can provide arenas for dialogue processes, supporting nature-based tourism development and social viability within the local community.
Call Number Serial 4376
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Author Stokke, K. B.; Clemetsen, M.,
Title Local spatial planning as tool for integrated visitor strategies and community development Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 396-397
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Nature-based tourism is to a large extent based on different types of protected areas, adjacent landscapes and communities. In this paper we explore how municipal spatial planning may serve as a tool for integrated visitor strategies and community development. In Norway, visitor strategies are introduced for national parks and other large protected areas. These strategies are based on the planning system inside protected areas, regulated by the Nature Diversity Act. The research question is: How can local spatial planning support integrated visitor strategies and community development? Norway has two different institutional systems for spatial planning within and outside protected areas.
Call Number Serial 4375
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Author Liberg, M. S.; Bjornstad, K.,
Title Integrated visitor management.The Norwegian regional parks as integration actors Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 394-395
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Visitor management in Norway has primarily been focused inside protected areas. However, there is an urgent challenge to work in more integrated ways to create more connections with surrounding communities. After the Norwegian Environment Agency published its guide for visitor management in protected areas (2015), several of the Norwegian national parks have increased its focus on visitor management. Although many national parks have such plans, there is still a challenge in how the national parks respond to the needs and challenges of local communities outside its borders. In a recent study from 2021, Aasen Lundberg et al. pointed out that the national parks in Norway are weak at creating connections with communities outside the borders of the protected areas. Based on this, we would argue that there is a clear need in Norway for more integrated approaches for visitor management and park planning. New dynamic and more integrated park models have emerged in continental Europe during the last few decades (Mose et al. 2007). However, Norway has been slow in adopting these models. Europes Regional Nature Landscape Parks (NRL) (Europarc Federation 2020) exemplify the “integration approach” through more participatory park models present in 22 countries. The integrated park policies and the regional nature parks of Switzerland is a good example of a new park model promoting integrated and bottom-up approaches. They are legitimized through national laws and planning instruments, and perform well in facilitating sectoral interests by combining both vertical and horizontal integrations (Hammer and Siegrist 2016)Inspired by the French and Swiss regional nature parks, the Norwegian regional parks have developed from the bottom-up.In contrast to Switzerland, the Norwegian regional parksare not yet anchored in national legislation. However, they do act as effective platforms for different local and regional actors in integrated ways (Stokke et al. 2016). The regional parks work across sectors and at different levels. They work in the “in between areas” where sectoral authorities do not often reach. They establish broad partnerships with local authorities, community associations and commercial firms. In this study, we have focused on the experiences of two Norwegian regional parks that have worked with visitor management in recent year. They are one of the first non-protected areas working with visitor management in Norway. It is the Nærøyfjord World Heritage Park and the Okstindan nature and culture park. As regional parks they are not formally recognized as protected areas.
Call Number Serial 4374
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Author Evju, M.; Hagen, D.; Jokerud, M.; Olsen, S. L.; Selvaag, S. K.; Vistad, O.I.,
Title Effects of mountain biking versus hiking on trails under different environmental conditions Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 374-375
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Recreational use of nature areas is increasing worldwide. All trail-based activities have a certain degradation effect on vegetation and soil, and conflicts between conservation values and recreation may occur. Controversy still exists regarding the relative impact of mountain bikers compared to hikers on trails. In Norway, mountain biking is allowed on existing, multiuse trails outside of protected areas, but within protected areas restrictions vary, whereas hiking is allowed. A governmental proposal suggests to allow for mountain biking on trails in national parks in line with hiking, but restrictions could be introduced if effects from biking are more severe than from hiking and in conflict with conservation values. For managers, knowledge about the effects of opening trails for new user groups in national parks is highly needed: will mountain biking cause other and more severe effects on trails, and thus provoke higher and other trail maintenance needs, or are effects similar to that if hikers? In this study, we investigated trail degradation from increased use of trails from hikers and ountain bikers under different climatic conditions. Two study sites were selected, one located in an oceanic climate zone and the other in a continental zone. In each site, two trails were selected, one to be predominantly used by hikers and one by mountain bikers. The trails were natural-surfaced, occurring in natural vegetation, and with a variation in topography and plant communities. We contacted local groups through different channels (personal contact, e-mails, announcements on Facebook groups) and encouraged the use of the study trails throughout the summer of 2019. Mountain bikers were informed of the designated biking trails only, and we created Strava segments that were distributed to bikers. The oceanic biking trail was used for a local Endoru race from May-August, whereas the continental trail was part of a mountain bike race in end-August. Hikers were informed of the designated hiking trails only, and we mounted information signs in each end of the trails encouraging people to take a detour.Passes were counted with TRAFx counters.
Call Number Serial 4365
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Author Salak, B.; Kienast, F.; Lindberg, K.; Hunziker, M.,
Title Exposure, meanings and landscape-technology fit. A hierarchical analysis of peoples preferences towards landscape related energy scenarios and what they are based on Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 364-364
Keywords MMV10
Abstract In response to the effects of climate change, many countries are realigning their energy systems to the principle of sustainability. An energy system change will lead to the development of substantial renewable energy infrastructure (mostly wind and photovoltaic) in landscapes with effects on perceived landscape quality and socio- political acceptance.Both direct perceptive effects of physical landscape structures and latent meanings associated with those structures potentially affect their acceptance.Until now it is mostly unclear how these effects affect peoples decision making. Recently discussions arose regarding the importance of individual concepts supporting interpretation and weighting of already existing knowledge and experience before decision making. This work evaluates the role of landscape-technology fit (Salak et al. 2021) (derived from place- technology fit(Devine-Wright 2009; McLachlan 2009)) representing the extent to which alternatives within each of these two components “fit” together (e.g., does a given type of renewable energy infrastructure fit well within some landscapes but not others?). It also evaluates the role latent meanings ascribed to landscapes and renewable energy infrastructure within that mentioned “fit” decision as well as the role of prior experience (exposure) to both.
Call Number Serial 4361
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Author Siegrist, D.; Bonnelame, L. K.,
Title Zero impact nature-based tourism Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 358-359
Keywords MMV10
Abstract The climate crisis is one of the greatest challenges of our time. Tourism can also make an important contribution to solving these problems (Lenzen et al. 2018). Nature-based tourism is thereby of particular importance. This is especially because it is generally viewed as a more ecological version compared to other forms of tourism. Nature-based tourism offers a lot of experience in the field of sustainable development. In addition, it represents a growth in tourism worldwide (Haukeland et al. 2021). It is now a matter of further developing this form of tourism into a zero impact nature-based tourism.In 2015, as part of the Paris Climate Agreement, the international community decided to limit the average global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius compared to pre-industrial times, with a target of 1.5 degrees Celsius increase in temperature in order to prevent the most catastrophic damage to the climate (IPCC 2018). In the wake of the Paris Climate Agreement, numerous countries have announced that they want to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions to net zero by 2050 at the latest. These climate goals result in a special challenge for tourism, which contributes significantly to global warming with its greenhouse gas emissions on a global level as well as in individual countries (Loeh, Becken 2021).For tourism as a whole, the question arises as to which function it should play within the framework of the internationally established net zero goal. On a global scale, climate-damaging air traffic represents the greatest challenge for the tourism industry: Will tourism have to cope with significantly fewer flight kilometres in the future? How can the long-distance tourists that are no longer available in the destinations of the global south be replaced? Or will drive technologies for aircrafts be developed in the future that are climate-neutral? At a regional level of tourist destinations, too, a number of extremely relevant fields of action are affected with regard to climate protection. Mobility also plays a central role here, but there are also major challenges for the hotel industry and other areas with high greenhouse gas emissions (Gössling 2021).
Call Number Serial 4358
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Author Probstl-Haider, U.; Hodl, C.; Ginner, K.; Florian, B.,
Title Climate change: impacts on outdoor activities in the summer and shoulder seasonsin Austria – lessons learned. Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 354-355
Keywords MMV10
Abstract The summer tourism market in Austria builds significantly on the countrys opportunities for outdoor recreation such as mountaineering, mountain biking or water sports. This presentation looks at the most important activities from a tourism perspective and considers the likelihood of impacts by climate change based on an extended literature review.It also examines current trends in tourism demand and concludes with both general and activity-specific adaptation and mitigation measures. The data collection and review process covered the relevant peer reviewed and grey literature. This comprehensive process was based on, and was open to, contributions by the full scientific community of relevant Austrian researchers and experts. The compilation process of the report followed quality standards such as the involvement of international partners as review editors within the review process.
Call Number Serial 4356
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Author Fredman, P.; Haukeland, J. V.; Dybedal, P.; Stokke, K. B.; Forbord, M.,
Title From place-based resources to value-added experiences: Future perspectives on Nature-based tourism Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 348-349
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Nature based tourism is framed and flavored not only by the socio economic conditions of the region where it occurs, but just as much by natural resources and opportunities to make use of them in a tourism context. This session summarizes five years of research on nature based tourism in the BIOTOUR project and discuss future prospect of this sector in the light of a greener economy, more robust communities and sustainable practices. It will also present key content from the recently published book “Nordic Perspectives on Nature-based Tourism. From place-based resources to value-added experiences”, edited by professors Peter Fredman and Jan Vidar Haukeland.
Call Number Serial 4354
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Author Taczanowska, K.; Mazur, A.; Brandenburg, C.; Czachs, C.; Latosinska, B.; Hibner, J.; Garcia-Masso, X.; Pardo, A.; Gonzalez, L.,
Title Human mobility patterns in outdoor recreational areas based on GPS-tracking data Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 342-343
Keywords MMV10
Abstract New trends in leisure and outdoor recreation show an increased penetration of remote areas and the development of spatially unconstrained outdoor recreational activities (Bielanski et al, 20218; DAntonio & Monz, 2016; Meijles et al, 2014; Taczanowska et al, 2014; Taczanowska et al, 2008). Here we present the application of GPS tracking to monitor visitor behaviour in a popular nearby recreation destination located in the Kozienicka Primeval Forest, Poland. Particular focus of the study was investigation of the spatial and temporal behaviour of hikers in the forest, detection of resting locations as well as use of recreational infrastructure grouped by visitor profile.
Call Number Serial 4352
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Author Puhakka, R.; Pitkanen, K.; Oinonen, I.,
Title Does nature support the integration of immigrant youth? A study on adolescents in the city of Lahti, Finland Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 328-329
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Successful integration of immigrants has been identified as the key for future social and economic well-being in EU. In Finland, a great share of the recent immigrants consists of people who have come to Finland as asylum seekers from countries whose cultural and natural environment is different from the Nordic countries. Nature has traditionally played a central role in the Finnish identity, although there are signs of polarisation in relation to nature among younger generations (Hakoköngäs & Puhakka 2021).Meanwhile, it is increasingly recognised that contact with nature promotes psychological, physiological, and social well-being and health (Keniger et al. 2013). Contact with nature can play an important role for social cohesion and immigrant integration (Jay & Schraml 2009). Green spaces seem to be especially important for immigrant youth to make contacts and friends across cultures (Seeland et al. 2009). Hence, nature can be an important means for integration, but it should also be understood as a resource that should be equally accessible to all (Gentin et al. 2019). Gentin et al. (2019) have suggested that the relationship between nature and integration can be understood in terms of structural and cultural integration that emphasises the importance of equal access to natural environments and knowledge related to nature. Nature is also important for interactive and identificational integration by offering a platform and means for social interactions and a meaningful target to form emotional bonds with other people and places. This study applies the framework of integration (Esser 1999; Gentin et al. 2019) to study how nature supports the integration as well as the well-being of immigrant youth in Finland. We explore adolescents participation in outdoor recreation and their well-being experiences of and relationships with nature in the city of Lahti. We analyse the differences between the immigrant and non-immigrant groups to discuss how nature can support the health and well-being as well as interactive and identificational integration of immigrants, and how structurally and culturally inclusive nature is to the youth.
Call Number Serial 4346
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Author Kling, K. G.,
Title Balancing values of accessible nature-based tourism, nature conservation and the visitor experience Type
Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal
Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 318-319
Keywords MMV10
Abstract Spending time in nature and participating in outdoor activities has positive effects on the health and well-being of individuals, and nature-based tourism and outdoor recreation have the potential to provide an appropriate setting to engage in such activities (Farkic et al., 2020; Lackey et al., 2019). Even though our understanding of the benefits of nature experiences is well established, there remains unequal access to nature and nature-based activities among different groups in society. People with disabilities are often excluded from being able to fully participate in nature-based tourism and recreation due to physical and social barriers. There is therefore a need for natural areas to become more inclusive and cater to the needs of diverse groups of visitors (Menzies et al., 2020). The accommodation and adjustment of natural areas so that they become more inclusive for people with disabilities nevertheless entails some contradiction of values, especially between accessible nature-based tourism, nature conservation and the visitor experience (Corazon et al., 2019; Donlon, 2000). Increased accessibility in, as well as to, natural areas often means expanding infrastructure and improving facilities; actions which can have an impact on visitors perceptions of untouched nature and raise questions as to whether they are compatible with the objectives of nature conservation (Tverijonaite et al., 2018). However, political objectives of accessible nature for all are highly important in the context of social sustainability and social inclusion, and managers and planners of natural areas therefore have to balance these differing values in order to ensure that different interests and expectations are met. This balancing creates a moral dilemma concerning access to nature: who has access and who is excluded, and how should values be prioritised?
Call Number Serial 4341
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