| Records |
| Author |
Campbell, M.J.; MacKay, K.J.; Walker, D.J.; Dranzoa, C., |
| Title |
Strengthening local support for community tourism (in Uganda) through University – Community Partnerships |
Type |
|
Year  |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
475-479 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Community tourism, GIS, partnerships, Uganda |
| Abstract |
Rural poverty, poor environmental health and the resultant threat to biodiversity are significant impediments to sustainable tourism development in Uganda. These problems reinforce one another and are compounded by: a) weak institutional linkages between rural communities, NGOs, universities, government departments and public policy makers; b) deficiencies in community oriented professional skills in sustainable tourism and biodiversity conservation; c) the need to transform community attitudes to view parks and protected areas and wildlife as natural capital on which rural livelihoods can be improved; and d) the need for interdisciplinary approaches in higher learning to address intertwined problems of biodiversity conservation and sustainable tourism development. The University of Manitoba in co-operation with Makerere University in Uganda has initiated a program to address these issues though the development of: 1) a master’s degree at Makerere University; 2) a strategic partner’s network and; 3) three demonstration projects in communities surrounding national parks. This poster presents initial results that illustrate how the university community-partnership is leading to stronger institutional links to not only the university and community but also to NGOs and government departments while providing much needed capacity building in local communities. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1088 |
Serial |
2665 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Chilman, K.; Wadzinski, L.; West, A., |
| Title |
A new recreation visitor inventory that parallels other resource inventories |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
301-304 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Decision-making, management, public participation, visitor inventory |
| Abstract |
A Rapid Assessment Visitor Inventory (RAVI) has been developed for inexpensively obtaining representative samples of place-specific visitor numbers and perceptions of attributes of their visit experience. It has been tested in 13 studies on 7 federal and state parks and conservation areas in 4 states. The inventory data are used by field-level managers in decision meetings with other persons in the management organization and with individuals and groups external to the organization. Examples of the application and use of a RAVI study, and a repeat measurement for monitoring purposes are discussed. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1022 |
Serial |
2632 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
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| |
| Author |
Elmazi, L.; Gorica, K., |
| Title |
Economic effect of alternative tourism. Events and festivals |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
368-372 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Economic effects, alternative tourism, multicultural communities |
| Abstract |
The analyze of the tourism cities within Albania show that communities as emerged tourism destination offer culture, tradition and events, and also, show us that events and festivals have the capacity to celebrate community identity particularly in multi-cultural events and festivals. The involvement of local community in creating opportunities and furthermore, competitive advantages, is very important for management and marketing of events and festivals, especially in multi-cultural communities. The research investigates the different interpretations of community, the concept of communities and the role of events and festivals in articulating community identity within distinct localities. It is necessary the compilation of a strategic marketing plan which will involve the community in tourism events and festivals, which at last will follow up with sustainability. Drafting perfect marketing strategies is always one side of the management task that should not be underestimated. This task becomes extremely difficult since in many cases a direct conflict exists between the site managers who to keep restricted numbers of visitors for preservation reasons, local people who look the events as a way to generate revenues, and national governments who like to use its image as a marketing device. Heritage and Cultural Tourism is the most important part of the Albanian tourism product and successful element of the national economy. Albania is considered as a new cultural destination in the tourism marketplace, as a Balkan country of dramatic natural beauty, with a wealth of historic buildings and ancient archaeological sites that can compare, for interest and variety with any in the Mediterranean world. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1050 |
Serial |
2646 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
English, D.B.K.; Zarnoch, S.J.; Bowker, J.M., |
| Title |
Trap shyness in onsite visitor surveys; evidence from the U.S |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
135-138 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Estimation bias, onsite surveys, recreation visitation, trap shyness |
| Abstract |
In onsite surveys of visitors, whether the purpose is estimating visitation volume or characteristics of the visit population, those who visit the area multiple times per year are candidates to be surveyed more than one time. In such surveys, each visit represents a unique sampling unit. However, individuals may be unwilling to be surveyed after the first contact. The phenomenon is similar to ‘trap shyness’ in wildlife studies wherein an animal learns to avoid traps after the initial experience. If trap shyness exists, it has the potential to bias the results for either or both visitation estimation or describing the average visit characteristics. There is some anecdotal evidence that trap shyness does exist, and could be problematic for long-term surveys such as the National Visitor Use Monitoring program used by the US Forest Service. This paper describes the conceptual framework for how trap shyness can affect both visitation estimates and visit characteristics, identify empirical hypotheses to be tested that provide evidence of trap shyness, present results for the hypotheses, and describe possible improvements to sampling processes that could determine it existence and extent. Data for the paper come from onsite surveying collected during the period October 2004 – September 2007 for about three dozen National Forests. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 948 |
Serial |
2595 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Kangas, K.; Siikamäki, P.; Luoto, M.; Ihantola, A., |
| Title |
Does tourism affect bird populations in protected areas? |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
344-346 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Birds, Disturbance, Protected areas, Tourism |
| Abstract |
Human induced disturbance can have various impacts on birds. Disturbance has been found to affect for example behaviour, breeding success, species composition and density of birds. Despite of the growing number of disturbance research, little is known about impacts of recreation on forest bird communities as the focus has been mainly on behavioural responses of single species. There is a need for research on tourism-induced changes in bird communities in protected areas, as they are important for many rare and threatened species preferring natural habitats. We studied impacts of tourism on birds in Oulanka National Park, north-eastern Finland. Data on breeding bird pairs were collected with line transect method in hiking trails and in undisturbed control areas. We used general additive models (GAM) to investigate the importance of the tourism-related variables, i.e. visitor numbers in hiking trails and the area of infrastructure, as well as the habitat variables in explaining the variation in bird communities. The preliminary results show that the current tourism pressure has not caused substantial changes in bird communities of Oulanka NP. However, open-cup nesters showed negative response to the number of visitors. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1040 |
Serial |
2641 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Newman, P.; Manning, R.E.; Fristrup, K., |
| Title |
Managing Soundscapes in National Parks: an adaptive management approach in Muir Woods National monument, California |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
353-353 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Soundscapes, visitor-caused noise, adaptive management Muir Woods National Monument, national parks |
| Abstract |
Research in national parks has begun to address the issue of human-caused noise and its resource and social impacts. This paper reports the results of a study conducted in the summer of 2007 that tested the efficacy and acceptability of management actions designed to reduce visitor-caused noise The study used an experimental or “adaptive” management” approach designed to test the effectiveness of temporal and spatial zoning to protect natural quiet in Muir Woods National Monument, California, an old growth redwood forest. The adaptive management experiment consisted of two treatments and an associated control. During all three periods, visitorcaused noise was recorded at a fixed location in the park and a visitor survey was conducted. The first treatment tested the effectiveness of a spatial zoning approach by establishing a “quiet zone” in Cathedral Grove through a series of park signs. The second treatment tested the effectiveness of a temporal zoning approach by establishing “quiet days” throughout the park through a series of park signs. The control period included neither of these treatments. Study findings indicate that both the “quiet zone” and “quiet day” treatments were effective in lowering the level of visitor-caused noise in the park as measured during the control period, and that visitors were highly supportive of these management actions. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1044 |
Serial |
2643 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Petrova, E.; Aoki, Y.; Mironov, Y.; Petrova, A.; Furuya, K.; Matsushima, H.; Takayama, N., |
| Title |
Comparison of natural landscapes appreciation between Russia and Japan: methods of investigation |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
198-202 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, aesthetic evaluation, appreciation of landscapes, landscape preferences in Russia and Japan |
| Abstract |
The research focusing on the aesthetic evaluation and appreciation of natural landscapes in recreational and protected areas is of great importance. While selecting landscapes for special care and protection one should take into consideration not only objective appraisal of their natural peculiarities, significance, and usefulness but also their aesthetic features. People belonging to different cultures differ by their landscape preferences due to a number of ethno-cultural factors as well as historical, social, and environmental peculiarities. The purpose of this study is to compare the landscapes appreciation in Russia and Japan, in two countries with deep-rooted traditions of landscape appreciation. The photo database of landscapes both similar and unique for Russia and Japan was made using the same methods. The respondents in both countries are suggested to classify and group photo images of different landscapes according to their personal perception as well as to estimate the attractiveness of given landscapes images. The results of the study will help us to answer: do representatives of different cultures – people in Russia and Japan – like similar landscapes due to aesthetic appreciation laws, which are common for the whole humanity, and if they don’t – then why not? |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 974 |
Serial |
2608 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Saparbayev, S.K.; Woodward, D.B., |
| Title |
Snow leopard (Uncia uncia) as an indicator species and increasing recreation loads in the Almaty Nature Reserve |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
511-515 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Snow leopard (Uncia uncia), Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica), Almaty Nature Reserve, Kazakhstan, ecotrail |
| Abstract |
The purpose of this research is to analyze the data on ecology, biology and dynamics of snow leopard population in the Almaty Nature Reserve and to identify if the increasing numbers of ecotourists could contribute to the decrease of Uncia uncia population. The results of the study show that increasing recreation loads in the Reserve and adjacent territories elevate the disturbance level to the snow leopard’s main prey Siberian Ibex and to the predator itself that could result in a decrease of population of this endangered species or its total extinction. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1114 |
Serial |
2678 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Siegrist, D.; Wasem, K., |
| Title |
Optimizing the quality of experience-oriented nature-based tourism offers: the new evaluation tool “Experience Compass” |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
263-267 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Nature-based tourism, experience quality, offer development, evaluation tool, expert survey |
| Abstract |
In the past few years in Switzerland nature-based tourism has been showing a positive and fresh dynamic. New providers and co-operations enter the market with their products. But very often the new initiatives state problems with the quality of their products and are alone not able to design the products in a way that attracts the attention of a broad audience. An authentic design of the offers can contribute significantly to make them more attractive and visible and therefore stimulate the demand on the tourist market. The article here presented deals with the in-depth analysis of potentials regarding the improvement of the quality of experience-oriented nature-based tourism offers. Based on the results of an expert survey the “Experience Compass”, an evaluation tool of experience quality in nature-based tourism, has been developed and verified by means of case studies. With the new tool providers and other actors are enabled to evaluate and improve experience quality of offers in nature-based tourism. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1008 |
Serial |
2625 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Taczanowska, K.; Muhar, A.; Brandenburg, C., |
| Title |
Potential and limitations of GPS tracking for monitoring spatial and temporal aspects of visitor behaviour in recreational areas |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
451-455 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, GPS, GPS tracking, spatial behaviour, monitoring methods, visitor flows, recreation |
| Abstract |
The application of satellite based navigation systems such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) to record spatial/temporal aspects of visitor behaviour has received more attention in recent years. The aim of this paper is to discuss the potentials and the limitations of GPS-tracking, based on empirical data collected in the Danube Floodplains National Park in Austria (Nationalpark Donau-Auen). A total amount of 485 hiking itineraries were collected in the field using Garmin e-Trex devices. After returning the GPS receiver visitors were interviewed and additionally asked to draw their route on the map. 372 complete records (GPS tracks plus map sketches) were thereby obtained for further analysis. The highly detailed spatial resolution of the data allowed deriving more exact route characteristics compared to traditional data collection methods such as trip diaries. GPS-tracking was more accurate than map sketches in areas with poorly defined trail network. Some respondents were not able to report the exact route, due to insufficient map reading skills or orientation problems in the outdoor environment. In such cases, in particular, the GPS approach proved its intrinsic advantages. Nevertheless, some limitations of the GPS use have also been identified. In particular, problems with the quality of the satellite signal in areas covered by dense deciduous forest turned out to be a major limiting factor for GPS-tracking in the presented National Park setting. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1078 |
Serial |
2660 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Ziener, K., |
| Title |
Formal concept analysis – a method for exploring complex responses of tourist surveys |
Type |
|
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Management for Protection and Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 4 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
325-329 |
| Keywords |
MMV4, Formal Concept Analysis, hierarchical structures, Lake Neusiedl Region, tourist surveys |
| Abstract |
The Formal concept analysis goes back to the 1940s and is advanced by Rudolf Wille in the eighties. Based on the algebraic lattice theory so-called concept lattices will be used for visualisation of hierarchical structures in a line diagram. The method needs as input a context consisting of sets of objects and attributes and a binary relation between these objects and attributes. In a concept lattice quantitative and qualitative data can be combined and relations between the objects as well as between the attributes can be analysed. Therefore concept lattices are suitable for analysing the results of surveys. The respondents and their answer patterns constitute the context. Precondition is a hierarchical structure of the answers (e.g. ordinal ordered data). In this presentation will be demonstrated how to use the line graph of the concept lattice for analysing complex questions of tourist surveys. As an example the main activities of about 600 tourists and daily visitors in the Lake Neusiedl Region are analysed. With the procedure of Formal Concept Analysis the different answer patterns of respondents are arranged as nodes in a line diagram. This diagram is constructed by means of two partial concept lattices that will be integrated later. The interpretation of the line graph will start at the biggest nodes, consider the whole structure of the graph and include additional attributes in order to describe groups of tourists with the same activity pattern. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 1032 |
Serial |
2637 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Bernath, K.; Roschewitz, A., |
| Title |
Sample Selection Bias in Visitor Surveys: Comparative Results of an On-Site and an Off-Site Survey Assessing Recreational Benefits of Forests |
Type |
|
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Exploring the Nature of Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 3 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
381-382 |
| Keywords |
MMV3, Economic valuation, forest recreation, on-site sample, sample selection bias, off-site random sample, weighting, forest visitors |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 782 |
Serial |
2514 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Brandenburg, C.; Ziener, K., |
| Title |
Conflict Strategies as a Task for the Management of Protected Areas – Shown at the National Park Donau-Auen |
Type |
|
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Exploring the Nature of Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 3 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
403-404 |
| Keywords |
MMV3, Conflict, conflict potential, conflict strategy, conflict analysis, visitor monitoring, management of protected areas |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 802 |
Serial |
2524 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
English, D.B.K.; Kocis, S.M.; Cordell, H.K.; Green, G., |
| Title |
Estimating Recreation Market Share for National Forests |
Type |
|
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Exploring the Nature of Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 3 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
389-390 |
| Keywords |
MMV3, Land management, land use, recreation activity, recreation resources, market share |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 790 |
Serial |
2518 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Hegetschweiler, T.K.; Rusterholz, H.-P.; Baur, B., |
| Title |
Using Visitor Monitoring to Reduce Ecological Impacts Due to Picnicking and Grilling in Urban Forests in the Vicinity of Basle, Switzerland |
Type |
|
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Exploring the Nature of Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 3 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
58-59 |
| Keywords |
MMV3, Picnicking / grilling in forests, ecological impacts, visitor preferences, recreational planning |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 594 |
Serial |
2421 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Kangas, K.; Siikamäki, P.; Koivuniemi, P.; Sulkava, P.; Tolvanen, A.; Norokorpi, Y., |
| Title |
Are There Too Many Visitors in National Parks? A Campsite Analysis in Two Finnish National Parks |
Type |
|
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Exploring the Nature of Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 3 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
458-459 |
| Keywords |
MMV3, Tourism, campsite, trampling, vegetation change, national park |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 841 |
Serial |
2543 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Kobayashi, A.; Aikoh, T.; Yamaki, K., |
| Title |
A Study on Procedures to Establish Standards Concerning Trail Management in Sub-Alpine Zones of Protected Areas |
Type |
|
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Exploring the Nature of Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 3 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
196-197 |
| Keywords |
MMV3, Trail, management, procedure, protected area, sub-alpine, Japan, ecological, visual, Daisetsuzan |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 667 |
Serial |
2457 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Lawson, S.R.; Plotkin, K., |
| Title |
Understanding and Managing Soundscapes in National Parks: Part 3 – Computer Simulation |
Type |
|
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Exploring the Nature of Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 3 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
203-204 |
| Keywords |
MMV3, Soundscapes, computer simulation, monitoring, park management, national parks |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 673 |
Serial |
2460 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Newman, P.; Manning, R.E.; Pilcher, E.; Trevino, K.; Savidge, M., |
| Title |
Understanding and Managing Soundscapes in National Parks: Part 1- Indicators of Quality |
Type |
|
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Exploring the Nature of Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 3 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
198-200 |
| Keywords |
MMV3, Natural sounds, perceptions, national parks, visitor experience |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 669 |
Serial |
2458 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
O’Connor Gotra, S.H.; Boyle, K.E., |
| Title |
Sustainable Trail Management, Definitions and a Management Model |
Type |
|
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Exploring the Nature of Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 3 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
173-178 |
| Keywords |
MMV3, Sustainable Trail Management, Indicators, Integrated Planning Frameworks, Local Community Participation |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 657 |
Serial |
2452 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Rammo, M.; Maran, K.; Almik, A.; Karoles, K., |
| Title |
Visitor and Environmental Impact Monitoring as Basis for Sustainable Nature Tourism in Estonian Recreational Areas |
Type |
|
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Exploring the Nature of Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 3 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
62-63 |
| Keywords |
MMV3, Forest recreation, environmental impact monitoring, recreational load, visitor counting, visitor survey |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 598 |
Serial |
2423 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Rettie, K., |
| Title |
Shaping Culture in Nature: Human Use Management in Canada’s Mountain National Parks |
Type |
|
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Exploring the Nature of Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 3 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
374-375 |
| Keywords |
MMV3, National park management, visitor experience, culture and nature |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 776 |
Serial |
2511 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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|
| |
| Author |
Scherrer, P.; Smith, A.J.; Dowling, R.K., |
| Title |
Managing Visitor Impacts along Australia’s Remote Kimberley Coast – The Forgotten Dimension of Balancing Country |
Type |
|
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Exploring the Nature of Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 3 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
419-420 |
| Keywords |
MMV3, Expedition cruise, Aboriginal, visitor impacts, spiritual connection, tour operator |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 817 |
Serial |
2531 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Spiess, H.; Mönnecke, M.; Wasem, K.; Kümin, D., |
| Title |
Local Recreational Areas: Accounting for Peoples’ Needs in the Development and Selection of Planning Instruments |
Type |
|
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Exploring the Nature of Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 3 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
253-258 |
| Keywords |
MMV3, Local recreation, leisure-trends, peri-urbanisation, planning instruments, landscape planning, landscape development concept, spatial planning, sustainable development |
| Abstract |
The goal of the ‘ANAP’ research project is to indicate how peoples’ needs for and expectations towards local recreation areas can be met by the means of employing different planning instruments. An in-depth analysis of the available literature reveals what people actually require and expect and the functional capacity of the planning instruments is illustrated by four case studies. Evaluation of these case studies not only gives rise to recommendations concerning the future implementation of the various planning instruments, it also yields proposals for improving their performance in future development phases. Peri-urbanisation leads to the rapid disappearance of attractive open landscapes in built-up areas. As a result, there is less space available for local recreational purposes, and people have to travel increasingly far to find the kind of landscape they are looking for. In order to tackle and hopefully improve this situation in the long term, adequate instruments for controlling the way landscapes are developed within built-up areas are absolutely essential. This research project aims to show how the different planning instruments can be implemented to achieve best outcomes for people seeking decent recreational areas. The planning instruments selected and developed have to be aimed at preserving an attractive landscape. The insights gained from this research provide the basis for recommendations concerning the future implementation of planning instruments, as well as for their future development. The project ‘ANAP’ is a cooperative project between the ‘Research Centre for Leisure, Tourism and Landscape’ (FTL) at the University of Applied Sciences in Rapperswil (HSR), and the ‘Institute for Sustainable Development’ (INE) at the University of Applied Sciences in Winterthur (ZHW). Other project partners include the Federal Research Institute for Forestry, Snow and Landscape (WSL), Green City Zurich (GSZ), Cantonal Agency for Spatial Planning and Survey of Zurich (ARV), Cantonal Agency for Waste, Water, Energy and Air of the Canton of Zurich (AWEL), and the Cantonal Agency for Spatial Planning of the Canton of Basle. Activities have started in 2003 and will end in 2006. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 700 |
Serial |
2473 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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|
| |
| Author |
Taczanowska, K.; Muhar, A.; Arnberger, A., |
| Title |
Exploring Spatial Behaviour of Individual Visitors as Background for Agent-Based Simulation |
Type |
|
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Exploring the Nature of Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 3 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
313-314 |
| Keywords |
MMV3, Spatial behaviour, visitor flows, agent-based simulation, GIS, recreation |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 740 |
Serial |
2493 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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|
| |
| Author |
Takahashi, M.; Yamaki, K., |
| Title |
Visitor Conflicts and their Resolution for Forest and Park Management in Jozankei National forest, Japan |
Type |
|
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Exploring the Nature of Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 3 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
423-424 |
| Keywords |
MMV3, Forest and Park management, visitor conflict, Jozankei National Forest, questionnaire survey |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 819 |
Serial |
2532 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Van Marwijk, R.; Taczanowska, K., |
| Title |
Types of Typologies – From Recreationists & Tourists to Artificial Agents |
Type |
|
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Exploring the Nature of Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 3 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
499-501 |
| Keywords |
MMV3, Tourist typology, artificial agents, recreation, spatial behaviour, recreational behaviour, wilderness experience, landscape preference |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 873 |
Serial |
2559 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Wasem, K.; Mönnecke, M., |
| Title |
Outdoor Activities in Nature and Landscape – Practice-Oriented Solutions |
Type |
|
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Exploring the Nature of Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 3 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
300-302 |
| Keywords |
MMV3, Outdoor activities, nature sports, good practice examples, sensitisation, environmental communication, conflict resolution, success factors, toolbox |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 730 |
Serial |
2488 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Cavens, D.; Gloor, C.; Nagel, K.; Lange, E.; Schmid, W.A., |
| Title |
A Framework for Integrating Visual Quality Modelling within an Agent-Based Hiking Simulation for the Swiss Alps |
Type |
|
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 2 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
70-77 |
| Keywords |
MMV2 |
| Abstract |
While the visual qualities of a landscape are often key factors in attracting and retaining tourist visitors, they have been overlooked in recent simulation approaches to recreation modelling. While there has been a long history of modelling the visual quality of a landscape, particularly in forestry, due to computational restrictions these models have tended to be rather coarse and primarily suited for avoiding catastrophic impacts due to large-scale interventions in a landscape. However, the experience of the visual quality of a landscape for recreationists is much more subtle. Relatively small changes to spatial patterns and land use, when viewed cumulatively, can have a large impact on the attractiveness of a landscape for tourists. Methods for evaluating the changing visual quality of a landscape are invaluable for comprehensive long-term landscape planning. This paper describes a computational approach for integrating visual quality information into an agent-based simulation of summer hikers in the Swiss Alps. The benefits of microscopic modelling (where the activities of individual hikers are simulated) are combined with detailed 3D models to provide the possibility of a highly nuanced visual quality analysis of a recreational area. Using real-time computer graphics techniques, simulated agents interpret computer generated 3D images of what they 'see' as they move through the landscape. Various landscape metrics are calculated based on these representations, including visual quality indicators such as view composition, enclosure, and depth of view. These metrics are evaluated over the course of an agent's hike, and integrated with more traditional parameters (such as hike distance, steepness, congestion and availability of amenities) in an agent-based simulation. Unlike other raster based visual quality models, analyzing 3D representations allows the model to easily incorporate subtle screening effects, and allows the model to determine visibility from any location in the model. The technique allows for very detailed visual representations, and scales easily to include more detail as required by the analysis. Currently, the model represents terrain, vegetation communities, structures, path and road networks and information aids such as signage. The paper describes a working implementation of the technique, and discusses its advantages and limitations, including its substantial data requirements. The paper uses a specific case study in the Gstaad- Saanenland region of Switzerland to articulate how this integration of visual information within an agentbased simulation has advantages over more traditional methods of visual quality modelling. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 356 |
Serial |
2386 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
English, D.B.K.; Kocis, S.M.; Zarnoch, S.J., |
| Title |
Characteristics and Use Patterns of Visitors to Dispersed Areas of Urban National Forests |
Type |
|
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 2 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
179-184 |
| Keywords |
MMV2, Urban forests, use patterns, visitor perceptions, crowding, visitor characteristics, demographics, wilderness |
| Abstract |
Public recreation areas near large urban centers are experiencing increasing pressure from visitation, especially in undeveloped and wildland areas that are close to expanding population centers. Understanding the use patterns, characteristics, and perceptions of recreation visitors is critical to managing these areas for maximum sustainable benefits. Of the over 120 National Forests in the United States, eighteen have been officially designated as ‘Urban’, because of their proximity to large metropolitan areas. Sixteen of these forests have designated Wilderness areas within them. This paper examines the recreation visitors to the undeveloped portions of those National Forests. Key market segments of visitors are identified with respect to demographics, residence, annual use frequency, and visit duration. In addition, visitor perceptions of crowding and safety and their relationship with visitation levels are examined. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 366 |
Serial |
2391 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
English, D.B.K.; Zarnoch, S.J.; Kocis, S.M., |
| Title |
Designing a Sampling System for Concurrently Measuring Outdoor Recreation Visitation and Describing Visitor Characteristics |
Type |
|
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 2 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
28-33 |
| Keywords |
MMV2, National Visitor Use Monitoring, onsite sampling, sampling plan, use estimation, visitor characteristics, sample allocation |
| Abstract |
Two primary information needs for managing recreation areas and the visitors to those areas are: (1) good estimates of visitation volume, and (2) accurate descriptions of visitor characteristics, such as length of stay, frequency of visit, and primary activity. For National Forests in the United States of America with large undeveloped areas, efficient sampling for the two types of information may be to a large extent incompatible. Sampling plans that address visitation volume issues allocate most of the sample days to the largest and most internally variable strata. Sampling plans for studies of visitor characteristics allocate sampling effort to locations that most efficiently provide visitor information, such as at developed sites. Additionally, sampling plans for studies of visitor characteristics may need to ensure spatial or temporal dispersion of the sample, in order to ensure adequate representation of different visitor sub-groups. A method is demonstrated for allocating days into sampling strata which balances the contribution of sample days in improving the accuracy of the total visitation estimate with the contribution of the sample day to maximizing the quantity and dispersion of visitor information. The resulting sampling allocation provides an optimal solution to address both of the information needs through a single data collection effort. A second phase of the method addresses how to ensure spatial and temporal dispersion of sampling effort. Examples of applications on National Forests in the United States are provided. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 378 |
Serial |
2397 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
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| |
| Author |
Gilbertson, K.; Olfelt, D.; Leversedge, P., |
| Title |
Visitor management and revegetation efforts on a degraded Lake Superior cliff edge |
Type |
|
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 2 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
272-276 |
| Keywords |
MMV2 |
| Abstract |
Rock climbing has grown to be a major recreational sport in the United States. Yet, resource degradation caused by recreational rock climbing has become a controversial issue throughout the United States (Access Fund 1999). Some resource agencies such as the U.S. Forest Service, National Park Service, and Bureau of Land Management are struggling to establish functional management policies that allow appropriate rock climbing practices while protecting the natural resource (Devine 2001). Resource managers tend to favor restriction of climbing activities to protect the resource. Yet, without adequate understanding of rock climbing, this approach can become controversial. A less controversial approach toward rock climbing influences on natural resources can be to include the rock climbing community in management planning. The result can be increased protection of the resource while allowing recreational climbing to continue (Hynek 1999). In an effort to address both public recreational needs and to protect the natural resource of Shovel Point, a popular rock climbing site in Tettegouche State Park on the edge of Lake Superior in northeastern Minnesota, USA, a study was conducted during the summer of 1998 to identify types of recreational users, impacts from their use behaviors, and to survey climber attitudes toward a proposed management plan that would influence climbing on the site. The results of this study were implemented into a long range management plan that has resulted in modified climber impact on the environment and allows a rehabilitation of the site that is hoped to preserve the unique natural resource. Innovative vegetative rehabilitation of the climbing site has been successfully implemented. This is an excellent example of positive conflict resolution through research, management through public participation, and resource rehabilitation and protection. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 300 |
Serial |
2358 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Kocis, S.M.; Zarnoch, S.J.; English, D.B.K., |
| Title |
Affects of Road Sign Wording on Visitor Survey – Non-Response Bias |
Type |
|
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 2 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
34-37 |
| Keywords |
MMV2 |
| Abstract |
On-site visitor interviewer data collection is a key component of the USDA Forest Service National Visitor Use Monitoring (NVUM) program. In many areas, especially higher speed roads and roads with non-recreation traffic, many vehicles may not stop for an interview. Wording on the sign may condition non-recreation visitors to self-select as to whether or not they decide to stop for an interview. Since the primary purpose of the interview is to calibrate a mechanical traffic counter, such behavior can lead to bias in the resulting visitation estimate. Non-response bias of national forest traffic was examined by using four different wordings for road signs during NVUM interview days. The experiment was performed using a randomized block design with each treatment (sign) being applied to five different road locations (blocks). Statistical analysis was performed to determine if any particular sign wording significantly affected (1) the rate of visitor response and (2) the mix of visitors who stopped for interviews. Data analysis show that the total number of all interviews obtained, the proportion of interviews obtained to overall traffic, and the proportion of non-recreation interviews obtained were different using different sign wording. The total number of recreation interviews obtained and the proportion of recreation interviews obtained were not different statistically. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 380 |
Serial |
2398 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Rammo, M.; Karoles, K.; Maran, K.; Jansen, J.; Almik, A.; Rammo, R., |
| Title |
Visitor Surveys and Visitor Impact Monitoring in Recreational Areas in State Forests of Estonia |
Type |
|
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 2 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
397-399 |
| Keywords |
MMV2 |
| Abstract |
|
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 336 |
Serial |
2376 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Ryglova, K.; Turcinkova, J., |
| Title |
Image as an Important Factor of Destination Management |
Type |
|
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 2 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
355-359 |
| Keywords |
MMV2 |
| Abstract |
For successful development of tourism in a region is a necessary condition to learn planning and using management principals. General characteristics of successful planning can be derived from experiences of their application in advanced countries but must be adapted to specific local regional conditions. Since 1989 (after the “Velvet Revolution”), the Czech Republic has become an attractive destination for many tourists from all over the world – it was a new, unknown and not financially demanding area. In the meantime, this trend has changed and Czech Republic has become a common tourist destination, which cannot exploit this competitive advantage any longer. Nowadays, when the differences between individual countries and regions are diminishing, and the main competitive forces are factors, such as image, which create the power of the “brand” of a particular destination. We can find that “the present tourism industry is formed by battle for destination, where the good brand sells”. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 326 |
Serial |
2371 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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|
| |
| Author |
Shoji, Y.; Yamaki, K., |
| Title |
Visitor Perceptions of the Inscription on the World Heritage List: The Use of Stated Choice Methods |
Type |
|
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 2 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
305-310 |
| Keywords |
MMV2 |
| Abstract |
This study examines how visitors to Daisetsuzan National Park in Japan perceive its inscription on the World Heritage List by applying stated choice methods. Most visitors regarded the inscription as favourable although their willingness to pay indicated that better visitor control and further conservation of natural resources would be necessary by taking opportunity of the inscription. However, the current situation of World Heritage sites in Japan indicates that the domestic management system of natural resources is inadequate to realize these visitor visions. We conclude that the nomination of Daisetsuzan National Park for the World Heritage List should be reconsidered, but only after the Japanese management system for natural resources has been improved. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 310 |
Serial |
2363 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Taczanowska, K., |
| Title |
The Potentials for Developing Cross-border Tourism between Poland and Slovakia in the Tatra Mountains |
Type |
|
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 2 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
404-407 |
| Keywords |
MMV2 |
| Abstract |
This paper presents the potentials for developing cross-border tourism in the Tatra Mountains. The area is situated in Central Eastern Europe, on the border between Poland and Slovakia. The new political situation (EU enlargement in May 2004) encourages closer cooperation between neighbouring regions and offers promising perspectives for tourism development. The entire mountain range is protected by two national parks – the Tatra National Parks (TANAP in Slovakia and TPN in Poland). The differences in management politics as well as varying infrastructure and the intensity of use have been analysed in order to identify potentials of developing cross-border tourism within the protected area. Additionally, visitors’ expectations and opinions of park managers have been considered. As a result, tourist border-crossings and transnational trails have been pointed. The paper discusses the perspectives of the concept implementation as well as its potential influence on visitor flows in the Tatra Mountains. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 340 |
Serial |
2378 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Yamaki, K.; Shoji, Y., |
| Title |
Classification of trail settings in an alpine national park using the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum approach |
Type |
|
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 2 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
318-323 |
| Keywords |
MMV2 |
| Abstract |
Considering trail settings in alpine national parks is important for both conserving nature and maximizing the quality of the experience for visitors. This study examines classifying trails in Daisetsuzan National Park, Japan, using the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum approach. A questionnaire was used to obtain data from park visitors concerning their preferences for the facility developments, accessibility, and visitor encounters. The responses were classified into four groups according to the preferences expressed for the types of trail settings. The trails were classified according to their characteristics as described by park visitors. The northern part of the park, with easier access and moderate development, was preferred by all groups, and the southern part of the park was preferred only by the those who favored more primitive surroundings. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 314 |
Serial |
2365 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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|
| |
| Author |
Zarnoch, S.J.; English, D.B.K.; Kocis, S.M., |
| Title |
A Model for Evaluating Dispersed Outdoor Recreation Use Estimation |
Type |
|
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 2 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
100-105 |
| Keywords |
MMV2 |
| Abstract |
An outdoor recreation use simulator (ORUS) has been developed to simulate dispersed recreation survey data similar to that collected by the National Visitor Use Monitoring (NVUM) Project’s survey of the national forests of the U.S.A. Statistical distributions are used to represent the various behaviors of recreationists during their visit to a dispersed area. The beta distribution is used to model arriving times and last exiting times. The number of intermediate exits from a site is determined by the Poisson distribution while their times are selected randomly according to the uniform distribution. Finally, three trap shy behaviors are assigned to the recreationists to quantify their probability of capture by the interviewer. The arriving and last exiting beta distributions are fitted to the NVUM data. The functioning of the simulator is demonstrated with a simple example with explanations of each recreationist’s actions with respect to the sampling methodology. The utility of ORUS in evaluating the bias and coefficient of variability of various estimating scenarios is also presented. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 364 |
Serial |
2390 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Aoki, Y.; FujitaHitoshi; Aoki, K., |
| Title |
Measurement and analysis of congestion at the traditional Japanese garden “Korakuen” |
Type |
|
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
MMV 1 - Proceedings |
Issue |
|
Pages |
264-270 |
| Keywords |
MMV1 |
| Abstract |
Nature and greenery spaces are especially required in the high-density residential areas of Megalopolis in Japan. People are looking for rich greenery spaces and they are requiring for the preservation of the greenery space in redeveloping areas. But people have recently found that parks often were too crowded, when they visited them for enjoying a quiet greenery environment. Almost all old Japanese cities have parks in traditional garden style, which have been opened to the public since Meiji revolution, i.e. a hundred years ago. Originally, the gardens were possession of the Daimyo, i.e. the feudal lord, and they were enjoyed privately. Recent increase in visitors destroyed the original use pattern and the unique atmosphere, and this, of course, confused the management of the park administration. The administration and the users therefore encouraged investigations concerning the appropriate management of park as a pleasant environment. To find a preferable carrying capacity of green spaces, the impression of congestion and quietness was analyzed in a traditional Japanese garden, using the number of visitors as an indicator. The following results were obtained. The impression of congestion is significantly correlated with the number of visitors in the park, and 700 persons on 7 hectares generates the impression of congestion for a half of visitors. To satisfy the impression of quietness for more than a half of visitors, their numbers must be reduced to less than 400 persons for 7 hectares. The decreasing in number of visitors provides a more efficient impression of congestion than that of increasing. |
| Call Number |
ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 494 |
Serial |
2310 |
| Permanent link to this record |
