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Author (down) Ziener, K., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Types of Conflicts between Recreational Use and Nature Conservation in National Parks and Biosphere Reserves Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 467-473  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract Conflicts between recreational use and nature conservation vary in their causes, development and impact as well as in the people or groups involved and finally in the strategies and methods of resolution. They are neither generally avoidable nor can they be solved in an absolute way. However, most of them can be moderated by communication and discussion. The conflicts in national parks or biosphere reserves do not develop independently of each other. Usually several conflicts exist at the same time, in the same region and maybe between the same people. Therefore strategies of park management should be directed not only to an isolated conflict alone but to the entire system of conflicts in the region. Predicting and examining conflicts can help to avoid or reduce severe conflicts. The typifying of conflicts between recreational use and nature conservation in national parks or biosphere reserves can be used to describe relations between conflicts and strategies of solutions.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 565 Serial 2345  
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Author (down) Yovel, E.; Hersperger, A.M., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Reasonable Illusions: Participatory Planning and Protected Areas Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 412-416  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract Popular images of protected areas are among the best known images in the world. They are composed in equal part of myth, hype and rare glimpses into incredible places. These images, of peaceful unchanging areas, disguise the bitter debate over the real purpose of protected areas, and our continually changing relationship with nature and wild places. The use of participatory approaches to plan and manage land, water, and conservation-based interventions is now well established. Today, few projects in natural resource management are funded unless they contain substantial components of community involvement. This is especially true in protected area development where participatory approaches form the entry point for working with local communities and user groups. Despite the increasing numbers of participatory initiatives, few initiatives remain uncontested or non-controversial. This paper offers seeks to suggest why the popular image, a reflection of social values and influences, is important to visitor management in protected areas as a unifying factor.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 542 Serial 2334  
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Author (down) Xie, Y.; Wu, B.; Zhong, L., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Enjoyed cultural services and perceived benefits through visitation to Chinese National Parks: A case study of Wuyishan Pilot Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 220-221  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract A growing body of research reveals the important contribution that nature exposure and national parks and protected areas (NPPAs) make(s) to hu-man health and well-being (Lemieux et al., 2012; Romagosa et al., 2015). According to the studies, NPPAs can contribute to people mental health, psychological and physiological health, scien-tific/local knowledge accumulation and educa-tion, emotional improvement, transcendental experience, happiness, enjoyment, social net-work, reflection, self-actualization, personal growth, inspiration, quality of life, etc. Meanwhile, cultural ecosystem service (CES) studies also draw wide attention. The ES framework was promoted by the United Nations to better understand relationships between eco-system changes and human well-being develop-ment. And now, the framework is advocated by many researchers to be used as a decision-making tool to better govern and manage ecosystems and natural resources, and as well as to achieve human/citizen well-being. Scholars pointed out that CES and its contribution to psychological well-being is very important for visitor manage-ment (Willis, 2015); ES researchers also explored CES as beneficial outcomes of PA visitor activities (Roux et al., 2020). However, still few attentions were paid to the spatial distribution of visitor CES enjoyment and the corresponding benefit per-ception in a national park.In China, many NPPAs have long histories and are homes of local residents. National parks are usually combinations of many different types of protected areas from the former PA system. For example, Wuyishan Pilot (designated in 2016), our study area, is integrated from five former different types of protected areas (At-tachment figure 1), which are Wuyishan National Nature Reserve (1979), Wuyishan National Scenic and Historic Area (NSHA) (1982), Jiuqu River Na-tional Aquatic Germplasm Resource Reserve of Spinibarbus hollandi (2011), Wuyishan National Forest Park (2004) and Wuyi Tianchi National For-est Park (2013), and five other non-protected tourist resorts. Also, the national park area is largely overlapped with Mount Wuyi World Mixed Nature and Culture Heritage Site Area.Meanwhile, traditional Chinese and mod-ern global values make dual impacts on Chinese visitors. As traditional Chinese view of environ-ment follows a tian ren he yi (the unity of man and heaven) philosophy, which guide most Chi-nese PA visitors behaviors (Xu et al., 2014), out-door recreation fashion also influences many other visitors. Their motivational differences and cultural divergences (Cui et al., 2015) can result in totally different national park visitation para-digms, and thus different CES enjoyment and benefits perceptions.  
  Call Number Serial 4299  
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Author (down) Wyttenbach, M.; Volpert, F.; Hochreutener, A.; Rupf, R., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Disturbance caused by recreational activities -Case study Regional Nature Parc Beverin (RNPB), Switzerland Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 120-121  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Due to their structural diversity and altitude gradients, mountain regions provide suitable habitats for a diverse range of wildlife and plant species (Ingold, 2005). At the same time, they are important recreational areas for humans. Due to the increase in outdoor activities, negative impacts on nature and wildlife should be counteracted by means of focussed visitor management (Clivaz et al., 2013). The RNPB is visited by tourists all year round, with a greater proportion in the summer season. The landscape consists mainly of forests, alpine areas, extensive meadows, pastures, habitats for pioneer species, and covers an area of 412 km2. The RNPB aims to enable recreationists to experience nature without disturbing it at the same time. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to determine which types of recreational activities may be practised in the area and how they can be characterised (spatially, temporally, frequency). The aim of this study is to identify areas in summer and winter in which a potential conflict between recreationalists and nature could occur based on a spatial mapping approach.  
  Call Number Serial 4253  
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Author (down) Wunderlich, A. C.; Salak, B.; Hunziker, M.; Hegetschweiler, T.; Bauer, N., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Impact of COVID-19 on forest visits in the early 2020 COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from Switzerland Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 82-83  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Many surveys were conducted in the beginning of the lockdown to analyze changed behavior of respondents. So far, no study was able to analyze the behavior of the same cohort of respondents before the lockdown and during the lockdown. We profit from a unique data set: In March – right before the COVID-19 induced lockdown – a Swiss wide online survey on forest visits and attitudes towards forests was conducted (n = 8064 respondents). This survey ended on March 9th 2020. On the 17th of March, the Swiss government implemented the lockdown due to increasing COVID-19 cases. To study the impacts of the lockdown, a second wave of the survey with 1085 respondents was held from March 2nd 2020 to April 9th 2020. Therefore, we are able to study the impacts of the policy induced lockdown and its implication on the working environment (such as home office and short-time work) and rising COVID-19 incidences on forest visits within the same cohort.  
  Call Number Serial 4235  
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Author (down) Wood, S.; Lee, H.; Lia, E.; Miller, L.; Seo, B.; White, E.; Winder, S., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Landscape-scale insights into recreational activities derived from social media content Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 246-246  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Volunteered geographic information, such as social media and online trip reports, are a promising source of data on the amount and character of recreational use in parks and protected areas.  The volume of data is often correlated with on-site measures of park visitation, and the content contains rich descriptions of visitors experiences.  This study presents a novel and generalizable model of public land visitation based on posts to three online social media platforms and two trip reporting platforms from National Forests in Washington, USA.  Then, we introduce and apply a convolutional neural network model for accurately classifying these visitors activities, based on the content of the social media.  We find that social media can substantially improve estimates of visitation to public lands.  Furthermore, there is also a strong correlation between the number of survey respondents reporting their participation in 14 common recreational activities and the number of social media posts classified as pertaining to the same activity.  The models perform nearly as well in novel locations as in the primary location, suggesting that the approaches are broadly applicable, though performance varies by activity.  By comparing our maps of recreational participation to the underlying landscape, we find that natural features (such as rivers, lakes, and higher elevations) and some built infrastructure (campgrounds, trails, roads) support a greater diversity of activities, while visitors are less sensitive to features such as picnic areas and wilderness designation.  Even while respecting the limitations of the volunteered data and models, these results provide actionable information to land managers by illuminating how recreation varies spatially and according to the recreational activities that are provided.  
  Call Number Serial 4310  
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Author (down) Wolf, I. D.; Waitt, G., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Wellbeing geovisualization: geographies of difference, accessibility and everyday natures. Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 322-323  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Some of the benefits for people whose everyday routines are organized to incorporate interactions with places for nature are well established in the liveable cities literature. Officially designated greenspaces, including parks and reserves, for instance not only play an important role in maintaining biodiversity and socio-ecological functions; they offer urban recreationists the opportunity to exercise, socialize and relax (Torland, Weiler, Moyle & Wolf, 2015; Wolf, Stricker, & Hagenloh, 2015). And yet the multitude of benefits of urban places of nature remains largely understudied (Wolf, Ainsworth & Crowley, 2017). Also places that may be socially constituted as natural beyond official categories of greenspace are often not included when researching the benefits of engagement with places for nature. This project enrolls a participatory geographic information system (PGIS) and specifically visualization to better understand the relationships between everyday natures and wellbeing.  
  Call Number Serial 4343  
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Author (down) Williams, S., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The impact of Covid 19 on outdoor recreation in the UK: benefits and challenges Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 86-87  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Covid 19 has had a significant impact in the UK and has resulted in substantial changes to participation in outdoor recreation. A sequence of lockdowns where people were limited to stay at home regulations within their local area, followed by the re-opening of travel and activities in the late summer of 2020, have affected the places that people visit and the activities that they can do. In terms of outdoor recreation, Covid 19 restrictions have ranged from being limited to one short walk per day directly from home for the express purpose of exercise, to tourism visits to anywhere in the UK to undertake the full range of possible outdoor activities within larger groups. In between these two opposites has been a variable number of greater or lesser restrictions on outdoor recreation and travel. In order to understand the effect of Covid 19 on participation in outdoor recreation and associated land management issues, a number of robust social surveys and case studies have been undertaken by government agencies and academics across the UK. Many of these have been collecting evidence on a regular basis since the start of the pandemic and they provide a valuable resource to understand the impact of this societal wide change.  
  Call Number Serial 4237  
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Author (down) Wilkins, E. J.; Chikamoto, Y.; Miller, A. B.; Smith, J. W., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Climate change and the demand for recreational ecosystem services on public lands in the United States Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 366-367  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Cultural ecosystem services represent nonmaterial benefits people derive from the environment; these benefits include outdoor recreation opportunities (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005). Changes in climatic conditions are likely to shift the spatial and temporal demand for recreational ecosystem services. Climate change has already expanded the length of the peak visitation season for some public lands (Buckley & Foushee, 2012; Monahan et al., 2016), and is expected to change total visitation at nearly all U.S. National Parks (Fisichelli et al., 2015). However, the effects of climate change on visitation to public lands may vary by season, the location of the public land unit (Hewer & Gough, 2018), and its unique microclimatic conditions (Smith et al., 2018; Wilkins et al., 2021). To date, little is known about the magnitude and spatial variability in these shifts across large geographic extents. Here, our goal is to explore how the seasonal demand for recreational ecosystem services may change across U.S. public lands in the future under different climate change scenarios. Understanding potential future shifts in demand can help land managers plan and prepare for possible regional or seasonal shifts in visitation trends.  
  Call Number Serial 4362  
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Author (down) White, E.; Winder, S.; Wood, S., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The influence of wildfire and smoke on recreation visitation and behavior Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 360-360  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract In the U.S. West, the area burned in wildfires has been increasing in recent years leading to a greater number of burned recreation destinations. In addition, prolonged periods of dense smoke have inundated both recreation destinations and urban settings. As climate change progresses and the frequency and severity of natural disturbances, such as wildfire, floods, and windstorms, increases we need to improve our understanding of how wildfire, smoke, and burned landscapes influence recreation behavior. In this presentation, we briefly synthesize the current literature on how recreation behavior is influenced by burned landscapes and discuss findings from our recent efforts, using traditional and crowd-sourced approaches, to understand the response of recreationists to wildfire and smoke. The research literature exploring how burned landscapes influences recreation use levels in the U.S. West is limited (McCaffrey et al 2013). Stated-preference studies exploring the welfare implications for recreationists from hypothetical burned landscapes account for much of the literature (Bawa 2017). Fewer studies have been completed on actual burned landscapes. In general, research conducted in-situ has found that any reductions in recreation visitation in recently burned landscapes is short-lived and modest and visitor satisfaction is largely unchanged (e.g., Brown et al. 2008, Love and Watson 1992).  
  Call Number Serial 4359  
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Author (down) Wennstrom, C., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Old fortification islands opened for visitors in Finland Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 182-183  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract In 1999 the Finnish government decided to concentrate the management of all state-owned land and water areas to Metsähallitus, which is an unincorporated state enterprise responsible of the management and protection of the state-owned land and water areas in Finland. For example, areas from the Finnish Defence Forces were moved to Metsähallitus. Many of these sites were islands that had been closed to the public for several decades. These sites contain a very rich biodiversity and a strong cultural heritage. This presentation on how Metsähallitus opened two old military islands to the visitors is a practical example on what kind of management issues can rise when opening new marine protected areas to coastal-marine recreation.  
  Call Number Serial 4282  
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Author (down) Weissen, A.; Götz, A., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The Contribution of the Alpine Convention to Nature Conservation and Visitor Flows Management Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 407-411  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract The Alpine Convention, entered into force in March 1995, is an international treaty that obliges eight countries and the European Community to undertake specific measures for the protection of the natural and cultural heritage and for the sustainable development of the Alps, the largest and highest mountain region in Central Europe. One of the twelve Protocols for the implementation of the Convention is dedicated to “nature protection and countryside conservation”. It highlights the importance of protected areas and the necessity to manage human activities in order to reduce negative impacts and to guarantee biodiversity and natural processes.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 540 Serial 2333  
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Author (down) Weidinger, H., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Recreational Forest Management: Sustainably Protecting and Improving the Recreational Function of the Vienna Woods Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 302-305  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 504 Serial 2315  
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Author (down) Warmouth, J.; Skibins, J.; Schuler, G., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Cold as Ice? Arctic tourists epiphanies and connection to wildlife Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 128-129  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Wildlife tourism is expected to produce conservation benefits for species observed during a trip. This is due, in part, to the unique wildlife encounters that occur during such trips. It is hypothesized that the more unique and rare animal encounters in the wild are, the more likely tourists will be to realize heightened emotional states. Previous studies have explored tourists emotional connection to wildlife (i.e., conservation caring) and environmental epiphanies as two constructs to evaluate the effect of wildlife tourism experiences. Furthermore, these constructs are shown to have a direct positive influence on conservation behaviors. This study investigated tourists conservation caring and environmental epiphany levels during a 10-day wildlife viewing cruise through the Svalbard Islands (Norway).The purpose of this study is to explore 1) if arctic tourism is capable of stimulating an environmental epiphany; 2) the emotional connections (i.e., conservation caring) arctic tourists form with wildlife, and 3) the relationship between environmental epiphanies and conservation caring.  
  Call Number Serial 4257  
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Author (down) Wang, T.; Watanabe, T., pdf  url
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  Title Monitoring soil erosion on campsites by structure-from-motion photogrammetry: A case study of the current and former Kuro-Dake Campsite in Daisetsuzan National Park, Japan Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 378-379  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Camping is one of the popular recreational activities in mountain national parks. However, human activities inevitably cause impacts on natural resources, which includes vegetation loss, soil compaction and soil erosion (Hammitt and Cole 1998). The degraded environment also does harm to users experiences in return (Daniels and Marion 2006). In order to provide users with high quality camping experiences meanwhile avoid unacceptable impacts on the natural environment, monitoring and maintenance of campsites are necessary. Researchers in the field of recreation ecology have provided a sort of methods to monitor short-term and long-term changes in the condition of campsites. Methods to detect areal changes in bare ground and vegetation loss on campsites have been widely practiced in previous studies (Marion 1991, Wang and Watanabe 2019). Eagleston and Marion (2017) examined soil loss on campsites by comparing the current soil level around embedded rocks on site with the one recorded in past photographs through visual observation. Wang and Watanabe (2019) adopted Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry mapping to obtain detailed profiles of the ground surface on the campsite where gully erosion was observed. However, no studies have been conducted to monitor the volumetric changes in ground surface on campsites that are suffering from soil erosion.This study aims to detect topographic changes of the ground surface and to quantify the volume of soil erosion on the current and former Kuro-dake campsites in the Daisetsuzan National Park (DNP) by SfM photogrammetry surveys.  
  Call Number Serial 4367  
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Author (down) Vrsaljko, A., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Krka National Parks biodiversity as basis for wildlife tourism development Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 68-69  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Krka National Park, a karst hydrological pearl of the Croatian coast with its distinctive geological, geo- morphological, hydrological and biological richness, was declared a National Park in 1985. The geomorphological playfulness of the river Krka with the karst canyon along with 7 magnificent waterfalls with numerous lakes, rapids and cascades create an unreal and unique landscape pearl which generates a rich biological diversity. However, the tourist offer of the park does not differentiate or implement specific forms of tourism such as wildlife tourism, which is why the paper investigates the perception of visitors about the valorization of the parks biodiversity as a paradigm for the development of wildlife tourism; especially since the park is filled with a number of valuable, rare and endemic species. The research maps out the species habitats and proposes a unique programme for the visitors which prefer the wildlife tourism.  
  Call Number Serial 4229  
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Author (down) Von Janowsky, D.; Becker, G., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Recreation in Urban Forests: Monitoring Specific User Groups and Identifying their Needs with Video and GIS-support Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 296-301  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract In the urban forest of Stuttgart the forest roads are used by a growing number of people looking for recreation for their leisure activities. To manage and channel the different user groups within an optimized forest road network needs a lot of information: Number and composition of visitors, demands of different user groups concerning standard of roads and trails they use for their activities, conflicts that may rise between different users using the same road at the same time, dedication of roads to special activities (e.g. fitness trail, hiking trail...). Personal interviews with “experts” were made to obtain information about the specific demands of the different user groups, a new method of video monitoring was used to collect longtime information about number and composition of visitors, and analysis of road network was done with the help of GIS. The results show that these tools complement one another quite well and the combination of obtained data may help to channel visitor flows and to minimize conflicts between different user groups  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 502 Serial 2314  
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Author (down) Vistad, O.I., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Visitors and Managers: Differing Evaluations Concerning Recreational Impacts and Preferences for Management Actions? Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 380-383  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract During the summer of 1999 tourists were interviewed along two important scenic roads in Norway. Later on managers in all Norwegian counties were asked some of the same questions. The questionnaire presented twelve photos of trails and paths in different conditions, and twelve potential management actions concerning minimizing or repairing impacts on the ground. The results show significant differences between the two groups in their evaluations of photos with comprehensive impacts and corduroy covered paths. The managers have a lower level of tolerance towards impact, and the visitors are more in favor of using corduroy. Almost all of the proposed management actions were also rated significantly different, but the two groups are still quite consistent in their overall rating patterns: Actions concerning information of visitors or shielding the resource are favored; using fees is unacceptable.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 530 Serial 2328  
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Author (down) Visschedijk, P.A.M.; Henkens, R.J.H.G., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Recreation Monitoring at the Dutch Forest Service Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 65-67  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract In 1996 the former Institute for Forestry and Nature Research (now Alterra) started to develop a system to monitor the recreational use of forests and other grounds owned by the Dutch forest service. The aim was to determine the number of visitors, their activities and the percepted quality. This information provides a valuable management tool for targeting of resources. The system uses three methods to gather the information: 1. Monitoring vehicle and bicycle use at the sites by using traffic counters with induction loops installed in the road (all year round). 2. Visual counting of visitors at all entrances (on 12 days during the year). 3. Survey of visitors (on 12 days during the year). When the system is fully implemented their will be a network of 48 sites. All of these will be monitored by using this method once in every 10 years, on average 5 sites a year.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 430 Serial 2278  
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Author (down) Van Der Donk, M.; Cottrell, S., pdf  url
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  Title Developing a Visitor Management Framework for WWF’s PAN Parks Project – Case Study of a National Park in France Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 320-327  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract The purpose of this presentation is to discuss the visitor management planning process in progress at the Parc National du Mercantour in France. Park administration wishes to achieve World Wildlife Fund for Nature’s (WWF) designation as a PAN Park. Details concerning the development of a visitor management framework for WWF’s PAN Parks project will be given. Results will reflect practical aspects of Visitor Management Planning  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 510 Serial 2318  
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Author (down) Van den Heuvel, L.; Blicharska, M.; Blyth, S.; Ronnback, P., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Monitoring recreational fishing activities: anglers attitudes towards a national catch reporting program Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 270-271  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Recreational fishing activities have been facing a decline in participation rates throughout industrialized countries in recent years (Arlinghaus et al., 2015). However, many countries are now seeing a considerable increase in recreational fishing license sales as a response to the restrictions on many indoor sports and leisure activities caused by the Covid-19 pandemic (Cooke et al., 2021). Recreational fishing activities have the potential to affect fish populations worldwide, but data about actual fishing pressure is lacking in many countries. Despite the European Commissions recent call for monitoring all fishing activities (including recreational efforts), the development of monitoring programs is still moving slowly. Increased understanding of potential ecological impacts of recreational fishing, combined with the current positive participation rates, emphasize a demand for monitoring recreational fishing catches and effort.  
  Call Number Serial 4320  
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Author (down) Valan, S.; Aas, O.; Vistad, O.I.; Evju, M., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Development of vegetation and soil impacts on trails and campsites in a Norwegian National Park during 30 years: Worse or better? Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 376-377  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract A report from 2006 states that disturbances and impacts on vegetation and soil are the biggest threats to the conservation values in the national parks. In the spring of 2014, the Norwegian Envi-ronment Agencys work began on developing a brand strategy for Norways national parks. By 2020, all of Norways national parks should have prepared a visitor strategy. In the visit strategy for Femundsmarka National Park, it is a measure to carry out comparative surveys of wear on campsites and trails, which was done in the 1980s. At the end of the 1980s, a major research project was carried out in the protected areas Femundsmarka (N), Rogen (S) and Långfjellet (S) in the so-called FRL-project. A part of the study was to register impacts on vegeation and soil at campsites.The purpose of this Master thesis is to map impacts on vegetation and soil and assess changes over time, caused by visitors in Fe-mundsmarka National Park. Both in areas previ-ously investigated and in other areas with man-agement challenges. A method test of aerial pho-tos was also carried out to register campsites. Based on secondary data an assessment of traffic development was done.  
  Call Number Serial 4366  
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Author (down) Vaisanen, T.; Heikinheimo, V.; Hiippala, T.; Toivonen, T., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Exploring human-nature interactions in national parks with social media photo-graphs and computer vision Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 248-249  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Understanding the activities and preferences of visitors is crucial for managing protected areas and planning conservation strategies. User-generated geographic information such as photographs shared on social media have emerged as new data sources to complement more traditional visitor information such as on-site surveys. However, analyzing large volumes of photographs manually is a laborious task. Automated analysis of the rich textual and visual content on social media data offers new opportunities for understanding human presence and activities in nature (Toivonen et al. 2019). Approaches for textual and content analysis have been widely developed under the umbrella of conservation culturomics (Ladle et al. 2016). They have been recognized as a useful data source for nature conservation. At the same time, automated analysis visual content has remained rather underexplored when mapping human activities in nature. In this presentation we present our findings of using computer vision methods to explore human-nature interactions from social media photographs and their applicability to visitor monitoring of protected areas. Our main questions are: What types of information can off-the-shelf computer vision methods extract from social media photographs, in terms of activities and preferences of people? Do different visitor groups share different types of photographs from national parks? How does photographic content vary between different types of national parks?   
  Call Number Serial 4311  
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Author (down) Uzun, A.; Yesil, A.; Ozsul, Z., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The Planning of User Flows in Istanbul Groves for Sustainability in Natural Structure Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 290-295  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract The greenness of Istanbul Bosphorus, except its natural vegetation, is gathered in its parks, gardens and groves. The greenness of the Bosphorus identifies itself with the groves that also have great monumental value. Today, in Istanbul, there is a great number of groves that belongs to either governmental or private institutions. Recently, these groves have experienced increasing pressure from the great number of visitors and their potential use. The latest inventories indicate that existing use patterns of the natural resources of groves affect the trees and plant diversity negatively. Overuse of specific sites causes damage to vegetation especially for exotic plant species that are rarely found in Istanbul. This paper is aimed to describe progress on a system that enables optimal dispersion of use patterns and sustainable use of the groves for future protection. The “User Inventory for Istanbul Groves” was developed to include periodic user observation and user survey in order to maintain groves effectively. For this reason, the computer technology is used as an evaluation tool for examining the user survey results and physical data of the groves that concentrate especially on Yildiz Grove. For the purpose of the study, Yildiz Grove is divided into different zones based on the physical conditions and potential use patterns of the grove and a system is developed that depends on sensitivity for usage.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 500 Serial 2313  
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Author (down) Tyrvainen, L.; Sepponen, A.; Lankia, T.; Neuvonen, M., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The role of outdoor recreation during the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts on recreational behavior and attitudes towards nature in Finland Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 98-99  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract The overall participation in outdoor recreation has been high and remained rather stable in 20 years time of outdoor recreation monitoring in Finland. A long-term trend also indicates slight increase in outdoor recreation visits among the Finnish adult population. Moreover, the importance of health and well-being benefits from nature have steadily increased and boosted at least partly by continued urbanization and adoption of modern lifestyles. These health supporting benefits are also more intentionally sought for among recreationists (Neuvonen et al. 2019, Tyrväinen et al. 2019). The outbreak of covid-19 pandemic changed globally dramatically everyday life routines and increased in many countries demand for recreation opportunities particularly in urban areas (e.g. Derks et al 2020). In Finland, there has not been any use restrictions of natural areas during the pandemic. The ongoing national inventory of outdoor recreation (2019-2021) gave a unique opportunity to study effects of pandemic of peoples outdoor recreation behavior on a national level. In order to understand the importance of green spaces in supporting peoples well-being during pandemic, we studied i) how pandemic affects peoples recreation behavior and experiences ii) which population groups rely on nature areas the most  and iii) what kind of impacts pandemic may have on attitudes and values of people towards nature and outdoor recreation.  
  Call Number Serial 4243  
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Author (down) Tverijonaite, E.; Saeporsdottir, A. D.; Olafsdottir, R.; C. Michael Hall, C. M., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Nature-based tourism and renewable energy infrastructure: tourism industrys perceptions of the impact area of power plants on tourism Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 362-363  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Due to its reliance on natural landscapes nature-based tourism is sensitive to other land uses which lead to landscape changes, such as renewable energy harnessing. For identification of locations most suitable for renewable energy infrastructure knowledge regarding the spatial extent of the impacts of such infrastructure on nature-based tourism is highly needed. Estimating the impact area of renewable energy infrastructure on nature-based tourism is, however, challenging. Besides taking into consideration the characteristics of the energy infrastructure and of the surrounding landscapes it is important to investigate how power plants change the meanings assigned to the areas by various tourism stakeholders. Moreover, natural areas used for tourism can be defined as places which are constructed via numerous relations and processes going on within these areas and in larger networks (Massey, 2005; Urry & Larsen, 2011). Therefore, it should be taken into consideration how renewable energy infrastructure affects surrounding areas as elements of tourism systems (Leiper, 1979, 1990). This study focuses on the views of the tourism industry in Iceland and aims to i) map the impact area of renewable energy infrastructure on tourism as perceived by the tourism industry; and ii) investigate the factors affecting the size and shape of the perceived impact area. To achieve these aims 49 semi-structured interviews were conducted with the managers of the tourism companies operating near six existing and proposed hydro-, geothermal and wind power projects situated within or at the border of the Icelandic Central Highlands. This area is an important venue for nature-based tourism as well as of high interest for further energy infrastructure development due to abundance of renewable resources. During the interviews, participants were asked to map their perceived impact areas of renewable energy infrastructure on tourism using participatory mapping software and, among other topics, to discuss the reasoning behind their estimated impact areas.  
  Call Number Serial 4360  
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Author (down) Toivonen, T.; Heikinheimo, V., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Using Mobile Big Data to assess visits to national parks before and during COVID- 19 Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 78-79  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract The mobility restrictions related to COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in the biggest disruption to individual mobilities in modern times. The crisis is clearly spatial in nature, and examining the geographical aspect is important in understanding the broad implications of the pandemic (Oliver et al. 2020). Visitations to national parks or other natural areas have experienced a tremendous change during the pandemic. In some areas, like in Finland, visitors seeking for experiences or less crowded places have crowded national parks. This has caused a need for national park managers to add services to the parks. In other places attracting high numbers of international tourists, like Madagascar, the visitor numbers have dropped drastically leading to problems of local livelihoods and even pressure to use land for alternative purposes like food production (Eklund et al. 2020).To understand these changes and their impact, there is a need to monitor how and where people use natural areas. Mobile big data (data collected by mobile phone operators or various apps) has been considered valuable for conservation already for some time (Di Minin et al. 2015; Tenkanen et al. 2017; Toivonen et al. 2019). The pandemic has highlighted the high potential of mobile big data even further (Poom et al. 2020). Mobile Big Data makes it possible to study the spatial effects of the crisis with spatiotemporal detail at the national and global scales. The data is being collected continuously, allowing monitoring change over time. The importance has not been left unnoticed: Some companies, like Google and Apple, have shared previously inaccessible information about peoples mobility patterns openly online, allowing, for a limited time period, new analyses also about visits to nature.  
  Call Number Serial 4233  
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Author (down) Tempesta, T.; Visintin, F.; Marangon, F., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Ecotourism demand in North-East Italy Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 373-379  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract There are three regions in North-East Italy: Friuli Venezia Giulia, Veneto and Trentino-Alto Adige. These regions have highly differentiated environmental and natural features. In fact, in this small area we can find the biomes of the main European temperate zones. The environment is important because there are a large number of National and Regional Natural Parks, as well as small protected areas that many people visit every year. Since the nineties, the authors have been involved in research to examine and analyse ecotourism in North-East Italy. The main objectives were to: a) define a methodology that would quantify the recreational flow from the results of phone and in-person interviews, b) analyse ecotourism demand, socioeconomic visitor features, tourist facilities and economic flow. The statistical models study the number of visits through a travel cost method, and willingness to pay by means of contingent valuation methods. The findings have allowed us to fill the considerable information gap regarding ecotourism and the recreational use of the landscape. From the survey we have collected precise data on the economic and social importance of ecotourism, such as recreational benefit and expense flow.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 528 Serial 2327  
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Author (down) Teles da Mota, V.; Pickering, C., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Mapping visitation across thousands of kilometres of beaches using social media data Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 174-175  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Coastal areas are very popular worldwide, providing a range of important ecosystem services. Tourism and recreation are within those services, with beach tourism popular in a range of areas including the Mediterranean, east and west coast of the USA, Latin America and Australia. Assessing tourists to beaches including who visits, when and where and what they value is important for tourism and coastal managers, including to better allocate facilities and resources and for tourism campaigns. Traditional methods such as direct observations, track counters, and surveys have been used to gather such data, but with some limitations (Veal, 2018). In an attempt to complement traditional methods, metadata of posts on social media platforms have been increasingly used by researchers to assess visitation to natural areas (Ghermandi & Sinclair, 2019; Teles da Mota & Pickering, 2020), as it is often free and easy to use, and provide large amounts of user generated content. Beaches, although very popular for tourism, are only now being assessed using geolocated data from social media. This talk presents preliminary results of a comparison of temporal and spatial patterns of beach use at a regional scale, using Flickr images metadata. Specifically, it assesses: (1) who visits beaches, including locals, other nationals and international tourists, and (2) temporal and (3) spatial patterns of beach use along the whole 2,101 km coastline of New South Wales (NSW), Australia, including Sydney, the largest city in Australia with internationally renowned beaches including Bondi and Manly.  
  Call Number Serial 4278  
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Author (down) Tarbaeva, V.; Fomichyova, T., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Development of Ecotourism in the Largest National Park “Yugyd va” Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 371-372  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract The National Park “Yugyd va”, Komi, Russia is used predominantly by the Russian population for summer and winter recreation purposes. The National Park (NP) organizes, plans and controls visitor flows. Management of visitor flows is directly and indirectly realized by the NP. The direct management includes functional zone division, normalizing recreation loads, law-enforcement activity. The indirect management includes regulation of visitors access in determined places of the NP because of complex and dangerous routes or specific objects organization of tourist infrastructure. Monitoring of visitor activities in the National Park is realized by short-term visitor observation and route registration. Organization of visitor flow is realized on the basis of agreement between the NP and tour operators. The NP regulates of tourism and recreation by restriction of moving the visitors on the NP area on the basis of permissible recreation loads.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 526 Serial 2326  
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Author (down) Taczanowska, K.; Mazur, A.; Brandenburg, C.; Czachs, C.; Latosinska, B.; Hibner, J.; Garcia-Masso, X.; Pardo, A.; Gonzalez, L., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Human mobility patterns in outdoor recreational areas based on GPS-tracking data Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 342-343  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract New trends in leisure and outdoor recreation show an increased penetration of remote areas and the development of spatially unconstrained outdoor recreational activities (Bielanski et al, 20218; DAntonio & Monz, 2016; Meijles et al, 2014; Taczanowska et al, 2014; Taczanowska et al, 2008). Here we present the application of GPS tracking to monitor visitor behaviour in a popular nearby recreation destination located in the Kozienicka Primeval Forest, Poland. Particular focus of the study was investigation of the spatial and temporal behaviour of hikers in the forest, detection of resting locations as well as use of recreational infrastructure grouped by visitor profile.  
  Call Number Serial 4352  
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Author (down) Sun, Y.; Watanabe, T., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Efforts to improve sustainable tourism and environment sustainability: understanding from local peoples perspective in Sagarmatha National Park and Buffer Zone, Nepal Himalaya Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 384-385  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Nature- and culture-based tourism have been prevalent pathways for most of the worlds indigenous people (McLaren, 2003). Tourism has been a significant component of Nepals economy.Mountain tourism plays a leading role in Nepals tourism industry. Sagarmatha National Park and Buffer Zone (SNPBZ) is the third-largest visited protected area in Nepal (Ministry of Culture, Tourism, and Civiation, 2020). Rapid development of tourism has brought remarkable changes in SNPBZ. Spoon (2012) and Stevens (1991, 1993) discussed tourism impacts on cultural values and lifestyle of mountain residents. Nepal (2005)argued the unequal power structures and income differences induced by tourism in the park. Tourism is one of the essential elements to realize sustainable mountain development. To realize sustainable tourism, it is vital to enhance the well-being of residents and visitor experience in mountain regions. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the efforts made by local residents to improve sustainable tourism and environment sustainability in SNPBZ.  
  Call Number Serial 4369  
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Author (down) Sumiyoshi, Y.; Uchiyama, K., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Recent Trends of Park Use at Tokyo Metropolitan Area Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 284-289  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract Tokyo Metropolitan Government has studying its urban parks since 1982. Several parks are selected in each year, and the parks under study are increasing. The cost has already amounted more than 10 million yen. At 69 parks, the government counted the visitors’ number of the monitoring day and interviewed age of visitors, their way of access, purposes of visit, their impressions of the parks and the requirements of the park management. The results were totaled at each park category. The categories were: A, famous park well facilitated; B, city park with wide. grassy open space; C, sports parks; D, natural forest parks in hilly area; E, historic garden parks with admission; and F, small parks. The density of visitors ranged from 1-200 persons per hectare, and 80% of parks had a density below 50 persons per hectare. The inducement sphere, 80% of visitors accessible, was ranged from 1-50km; the widest radius was observed at the parks with admission and the park at the city center. A frequent arrival of the visitors was observed 1-2 p.m. and the exit was 2-3 p.m. at the historical gardens (E type). The parks, less than 20 hectare, showed the increase in visitor numbers in proportion to the park area. B type park showed the increase of residence time in relation to the park area. Congestion had a bipolar effect on visitors’ satisfaction: each park has its own comfortable visitor density.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 498 Serial 2312  
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Author (down) Suchant, R.; Schäfer, A., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Integrating Tourism and Grouse Habitat Protection in the Black Forest Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 95-101  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract This project illustrates methods for combining tourism and conservation. The project area of 8.000 hectares is a popular central European tourist attraction. It is also NATURA 2000 area and habitat of the hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia L.) and capercaille (Tetrao urogallus L.). Grouse species are used as indicators for environmental features such as diversity, natural character and beauty of the landscape. A catalogue of integrated actions was coordinated in a two-phase method based on detailed inventories of the landscape ecology, tourist use, the habitat and distribution of grouse species: The first step was to tune the measures for habitat improvement within a spatial concept with rest zones for wildlife in which silvicultural measures should improve habitat structures. The second step was coordination with local authorities and NGO’s to concentrate and improve the tourist infrastructure outside these rest zones. The result of the project (begun in 1998) has been a win-win-situation: improvement of habitat structures as well as improved offer for tourism. Conservation and the utilization of nature are no longer regarded as contradictory. The dynamic of a spatial concept based on scientific results allows all the various interest parties to work together. The project is supported by EU’s “LIFE-Nature” programme.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 442 Serial 2284  
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Author (down) Stursa, J., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Impacts of Tourism Load on the Mountain Environment (A Case Study of the Krkonoše Mountains National Park – the Czech Republic) Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 364-370  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract Krkonose Mountains (the Giant Mountains in Czech) as the highest mountains of the Czech Republic belong to the most visited middle-european mountains as they are well facilitated for both summer and winter outdoor recreation. More than 8 million visitors within a year means very serious tourism load on the mountain landscape and ecosystems. Primary impacts (e.g. disturbing plants and animals by trampling and noise, soil erosion or cummulation of rubish) together with secondary impacts of tourism development (a.g. arrising of accomodation capacity, impact on traditional landscape infrastructure by reebuilding of original small mountain chalets, nonsufficient disposal of waste, transport of allochtone organisms) create very cotraversional background for sustainable use of the mountains which are the oldest national park of the Czech Republic. Paper describes these impacts and suggests some forms of conflict solution between tourism development and statutes of the national park.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 524 Serial 2325  
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Author (down) Stokke, K. B.; Clemetsen, M., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Local spatial planning as tool for integrated visitor strategies and community development Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 396-397  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract Nature-based tourism is to a large extent based on different types of protected areas, adjacent landscapes and communities. In this paper we explore how municipal spatial planning may serve as a tool for integrated visitor strategies and community development. In Norway, visitor strategies are introduced for national parks and other large protected areas. These strategies are based on the planning system inside protected areas, regulated by the Nature Diversity Act. The research question is: How can local spatial planning support integrated visitor strategies and community development? Norway has two different institutional systems for spatial planning within and outside protected areas.  
  Call Number Serial 4375  
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Author (down) Sterl, P.; Wagner, S.; Arnberger, A., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Water Sports Activities and their Effects on the Avifauna of the Danube Floodplains National Park, Austria – First Results Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 460-466  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract Sustainable management of protected areas requires combining standardized ecological observations with quantitative data about the number of visitors and their behavior. Austria's Danube Floodplains National Park is a prime example for the importance of accommodating a high volume of recreational use with concerns about ecological integrity. Wetland ecology is of particular concern to park management. Within the scope of this study, boaters in the old branches of the Danube were observed en route and questioned when leaving the area. These observations provided quantitative data, such as the number of boaters, their spatio-temporal distribution and their behavior. At the same time, disturbances to water birds were inventoried using standardized ecological observation techniques. These observations were interlinked with visitor use data provided by a constant video recording of the recreational activity at the main entry point. Thus, data on the number and the temporal distribution of the boaters for the overall observation period was made available. The result of this study was, that through the simultaneous presence of different user groups, there is a permanent burden placed on the old branches by boaters, which scarcely permits rest for the avifauna.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 562 Serial 2344  
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Author (down) Steiner, W.; Parz-Gollner, R., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Actual Numbers and Effects of Recreational Disturbance on the Distribution and Behaviour of Greylag Geese (Anser Anser) in the “Neusiedler See – Seewinkel” Nationalpark Area Type
  Year 2002 Publication Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MMV 1 - Proceedings Issue Pages 89-94  
  Keywords MMV1  
  Abstract The Neusiedler See – Seewinkel National Park area is confronted with a remarkable increase in tourism and recreational activities during the last years. The „Koppel“ area, situated on the eastern shore of the lake, is one of the most important breeding sites for Greylag Geese. Behaviour and distribution of the geese on the breeding site as well as touristic activities on the adjacent road leading along the „Koppel“ were examined to investigate relations and interactions between the Greylag Goose population and tourism. Taking into account the excellent weather and breeding conditions in the year 2000 the results of the survey indicate a stable or even rising Greylag population, increasing numbers of visitors and high disturbance frequencies in the vicinity of the study area. The number of disturbances on the adjacent road seems to affect the suitability of the site in general, leading to a specific temporal and spatial distribution of the birds, whereas different disturbance qualities result in changes of the birds behaviour.  
  Call Number ILEN @ m.sokopp @ 440 Serial 2283  
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Author (down) Spernbauer, B.; Monz, C.; Smith, J., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Impacts and trade-offs of alternative transportation systems in U.S. National Parks Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 166-167  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract As climate change continues to become a serious threat to social and ecological systems, strategies to reduce emissions are becoming increasingly important. Many park and protected area management agencies have begun to seriously consider their role in contributing to, and possibly mitigating, climate change. The US National Park Service, for example, has attempted to reduce the emissions generated as a result of park visitation by implementing alternative transportation systems (ATS) at select national parks across the country. Those most commonly include voluntary or mandatory shuttle systems. Despite their promise of reducing emissions while also alleviating congestion and capacity issues, the implementation of ATS can have other consequences such as negatively affecting visitor experiences, resource conditions at attraction sites, and park budgets (Law- son et al., 2017; Manning et al., 2014). National park managers are consequently placed in the precarious position of having to consider the visitor experience, resource protection, and economic development (National Park Service, 2004). Balancing trade-offs between environmental, social, and economic interests is made more difficult given the lack of research which has taken a comprehensive approach to the implications of ATS. This research begins to fill this gap by systematically examining the primary and secondary impacts of ATS in US National Parks. By doing so, we provide managers and researchers with a holistic view on the topic, and point out the trade-offs that need to be considered when considering implementing or expanding an ATS.  
  Call Number Serial 4275  
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Author (down) Spenceley, A., pdf  url
openurl 
  Title The impacts of the pandemic on tourism in protected and recreational areas Type
  Year 2021 Publication The 10th MMV Conference: Managing outdoor recreation experiences in the Anthropocene – Resources, markets, innovations Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume MINA fagrapport Issue Pages 24-25  
  Keywords MMV10  
  Abstract The pause in tourism has given many tourism and conservation professionals an opportunity to reflect on whether they want to go back to the way things were (10), or alternatively to build back better and greener and recover in a more responsible, sustainable and regenerative way (11).  The United Nations and international development agencies have been increasingly vocal in their support for sustainable recovery. In August 2020, UN Secretary-General António Guterres released a policy brief on COVID-19 and transforming tourism, stating that the tourism sector should be rebuilt in a way that is “safe, equitable and climate friendly [and as a] provider of decent jobs, stable incomes and the protection of our cultural and natural heritage.” For travel and tourism to be truly sustainable, broad standards and protocols are needed to address climate change, conservation and social justice. It is also important to conserve nature in protected areas to avoid future zoonoses (12). This is the time for the tourism sector to seize the moment and enact meaningful changes that will transform the world and make a lasting difference for future generations (13). COVID-19 has accelerated the sustainability agenda, and amid the pause, companies are concentrating efforts on their commercial survival. Many tourism operators see becoming sustainable as too hard to do, but in reality it is not so difficult. Resources like the new “Handbook for Sustainable Tourism Practitioners: The essential toolkit” (14) can help the sector to build back in a regenerative way, with communities at the centre.  
  Call Number Serial 4384  
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